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|
| -<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Backwards Compatibility</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.74.0" /><meta name="keywords" content=" ISO C++ , backwards " /><meta name="keywords" content=" ISO C++ , library " /><link rel="home" href="../spine.html" title="The GNU C++ Library Documentation" /><link rel="up" href="appendix_porting.html" title="Appendix B. Porting and Maintenance" /><link rel="prev" href="api.html" title="API Evolution and Deprecation History" /><link rel="next" href="appendix_free.html" title="Appendix C. Free Software Needs Free Documentation" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Backwards Compatibility</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="api.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Appendix B.
|
| - Porting and Maintenance
|
| -
|
| -</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="appendix_free.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="manual.appendix.porting.backwards"></a>Backwards Compatibility</h2></div></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="backwards.first"></a>First</h3></div></div></div><p>The first generation GNU C++ library was called libg++. It was a
|
| -separate GNU project, although reliably paired with GCC. Rumors imply
|
| -that it had a working relationship with at least two kinds of
|
| -dinosaur.
|
| -</p><p>Some background: libg++ was designed and created when there was no
|
| -ISO standard to provide guidance. Classes like linked lists are now
|
| -provided for by <code class="classname">list<T></code> and do not need to be
|
| -created by <code class="function">genclass</code>. (For that matter, templates exist
|
| -now and are well-supported, whereas genclass (mostly) predates them.)
|
| -</p><p>There are other classes in libg++ that are not specified in the
|
| -ISO Standard (e.g., statistical analysis). While there are a lot of
|
| -really useful things that are used by a lot of people, the Standards
|
| -Committee couldn't include everything, and so a lot of those
|
| -“<span class="quote">obvious</span>” classes didn't get included.
|
| -</p><p>Known Issues include many of the limitations of its immediate ancestor.</p><p>Portability notes and known implementation limitations are as follows.</p><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="id459608"></a>No <code class="code">ios_base</code></h4></div></div></div><p> At least some older implementations don't have <code class="code">std::ios_base</code>, so you should use <code class="code">std::ios::badbit</code>, <code class="code">std::ios::failbit</code> and <code class="code">std::ios::eofbit</code> and <code class="code">std::ios::goodbit</code>.
|
| -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="id444641"></a>No <code class="code">cout</code> in <code class="code">ostream.h</code>, no <code class="code">cin</code> in <code class="code">istream.h</code></h4></div></div></div><p>
|
| - In earlier versions of the standard,
|
| - <code class="filename">fstream.h</code>,
|
| - <code class="filename">ostream.h</code>
|
| - and <code class="filename">istream.h</code>
|
| - used to define
|
| - <code class="code">cout</code>, <code class="code">cin</code> and so on. ISO C++ specifies that one needs to include
|
| - <code class="filename">iostream</code>
|
| - explicitly to get the required definitions.
|
| - </p><p> Some include adjustment may be required.</p><p>This project is no longer maintained or supported, and the sources
|
| -archived. For the desperate,
|
| -the <a class="ulink" href="http://gcc.gnu.org/extensions.html" target="_top">GCC extensions
|
| -page</a> describes where to find the last libg++ source. The code is
|
| -considered replaced and rewritten.
|
| -</p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="backwards.second"></a>Second</h3></div></div></div><p>
|
| - The second generation GNU C++ library was called libstdc++, or
|
| - libstdc++-v2. It spans the time between libg++ and pre-ISO C++
|
| - standardization and is usually associated with the following GCC
|
| - releases: egcs 1.x, gcc 2.95, and gcc 2.96.
|
| -</p><p>
|
| - The STL portions of this library are based on SGI/HP STL release 3.11.
|
| -</p><p>
|
| - This project is no longer maintained or supported, and the sources
|
| - archived. The code is considered replaced and rewritten.
|
| -</p><p>
|
| - Portability notes and known implementation limitations are as follows.
|
| -</p><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="id444741"></a>Namespace <code class="code">std::</code> not supported</h4></div></div></div><p>
|
| - Some care is required to support C++ compiler and or library
|
| - implementation that do not have the standard library in
|
| - <code class="code">namespace std</code>.
|
| - </p><p>
|
| - The following sections list some possible solutions to support compilers
|
| - that cannot ignore <code class="code">std::</code>-qualified names.
|
| - </p><p>
|
| - First, see if the compiler has a flag for this. Namespace
|
| - back-portability-issues are generally not a problem for g++
|
| - compilers that do not have libstdc++ in <code class="code">std::</code>, as the
|
| - compilers use <code class="code">-fno-honor-std</code> (ignore
|
| - <code class="code">std::</code>, <code class="code">:: = std::</code>) by default. That is,
|
| - the responsibility for enabling or disabling <code class="code">std::</code> is
|
| - on the user; the maintainer does not have to care about it. This
|
| - probably applies to some other compilers as well.
|
| - </p><p>
|
| - Second, experiment with a variety of pre-processor tricks.
|
| - </p><p>
|
| - By defining <code class="code">std</code> as a macro, fully-qualified namespace
|
| - calls become global. Volia.
|
| - </p><pre class="programlisting">
|
| -#ifdef WICKEDLY_OLD_COMPILER
|
| -# define std
|
| -#endif
|
| -</pre><p>
|
| - Thanks to Juergen Heinzl who posted this solution on gnu.gcc.help.
|
| - </p><p>
|
| - Another pre-processor based approach is to define a macro
|
| - <code class="code">NAMESPACE_STD</code>, which is defined to either
|
| - “<span class="quote"> </span>” or “<span class="quote">std</span>” based on a compile-type
|
| - test. On GNU systems, this can be done with autotools by means of
|
| - an autoconf test (see below) for <code class="code">HAVE_NAMESPACE_STD</code>,
|
| - then using that to set a value for the <code class="code">NAMESPACE_STD</code>
|
| - macro. At that point, one is able to use
|
| - <code class="code">NAMESPACE_STD::string</code>, which will evaluate to
|
| - <code class="code">std::string</code> or <code class="code">::string</code> (i.e., in the
|
| - global namespace on systems that do not put <code class="code">string</code> in
|
| - <code class="code">std::</code>).
|
| - </p><pre class="programlisting">
|
| -dnl @synopsis AC_CXX_NAMESPACE_STD
|
| -dnl
|
| -dnl If the compiler supports namespace std, define
|
| -dnl HAVE_NAMESPACE_STD.
|
| -dnl
|
| -dnl @category Cxx
|
| -dnl @author Todd Veldhuizen
|
| -dnl @author Luc Maisonobe <luc@spaceroots.org>
|
| -dnl @version 2004-02-04
|
| -dnl @license AllPermissive
|
| -AC_DEFUN([AC_CXX_NAMESPACE_STD], [
|
| - AC_CACHE_CHECK(if g++ supports namespace std,
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_have_std_namespace,
|
| - [AC_LANG_SAVE
|
| - AC_LANG_CPLUSPLUS
|
| - AC_TRY_COMPILE([#include <iostream>
|
| - std::istream& is = std::cin;],,
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_have_std_namespace=yes, ac_cv_cxx_have_std_namespace=no)
|
| - AC_LANG_RESTORE
|
| - ])
|
| - if test "$ac_cv_cxx_have_std_namespace" = yes; then
|
| - AC_DEFINE(HAVE_NAMESPACE_STD,,[Define if g++ supports namespace std. ])
|
| - fi
|
| -])
|
| -</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="id444864"></a>Illegal iterator usage</h4></div></div></div><p>
|
| - The following illustrate implementation-allowed illegal iterator
|
| - use, and then correct use.
|
| -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
|
| - you cannot do <code class="code">ostream::operator<<(iterator)</code>
|
| - to print the address of the iterator => use
|
| - <code class="code">operator<< &*iterator</code> instead
|
| - </p></li><li><p>
|
| - you cannot clear an iterator's reference (<code class="code">iterator =
|
| - 0</code>) => use <code class="code">iterator = iterator_type();</code>
|
| - </p></li><li><p>
|
| - <code class="code">if (iterator)</code> won't work any more => use
|
| - <code class="code">if (iterator != iterator_type())</code>
|
| - </p></li></ul></div></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="id444925"></a><code class="code">isspace</code> from <code class="filename">cctype</code> is a macro
|
| - </h4></div></div></div><p>
|
| - Glibc 2.0.x and 2.1.x define <code class="filename">ctype.h</code> functionality as macros
|
| - (isspace, isalpha etc.).
|
| - </p><p>
|
| - This implementations of libstdc++, however, keep these functions
|
| - as macros, and so it is not back-portable to use fully qualified
|
| - names. For example:
|
| - </p><pre class="programlisting">
|
| -#include <cctype>
|
| -int main() { std::isspace('X'); }
|
| -</pre><p>
|
| - Results in something like this:
|
| -</p><pre class="programlisting">
|
| -std:: (__ctype_b[(int) ( ( 'X' ) )] & (unsigned short int) _ISspace ) ;
|
| -</pre><p>
|
| - A solution is to modify a header-file so that the compiler tells
|
| - <code class="filename">ctype.h</code> to define functions
|
| - instead of macros:
|
| -</p><pre class="programlisting">
|
| -// This keeps isalnum, et al from being propagated as macros.
|
| -#if __linux__
|
| -# define __NO_CTYPE 1
|
| -#endif
|
| -</pre><p>
|
| - Then, include <code class="filename">ctype.h</code>
|
| -</p><p>
|
| - Another problem arises if you put a <code class="code">using namespace
|
| - std;</code> declaration at the top, and include <code class="filename">ctype.h</code>. This will result in
|
| - ambiguities between the definitions in the global namespace
|
| - (<code class="filename">ctype.h</code>) and the
|
| - definitions in namespace <code class="code">std::</code>
|
| - (<code class="code"><cctype></code>).
|
| -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="id445019"></a>No <code class="code">vector::at</code>, <code class="code">deque::at</code>, <code class="code">string::at</code></h4></div></div></div><p>
|
| - One solution is to add an autoconf-test for this:
|
| -</p><pre class="programlisting">
|
| -AC_MSG_CHECKING(for container::at)
|
| -AC_TRY_COMPILE(
|
| -[
|
| -#include <vector>
|
| -#include <deque>
|
| -#include <string>
|
| -
|
| -using namespace std;
|
| -],
|
| -[
|
| -deque<int> test_deque(3);
|
| -test_deque.at(2);
|
| -vector<int> test_vector(2);
|
| -test_vector.at(1);
|
| -string test_string(“<span class="quote">test_string</span>”);
|
| -test_string.at(3);
|
| -],
|
| -[AC_MSG_RESULT(yes)
|
| -AC_DEFINE(HAVE_CONTAINER_AT)],
|
| -[AC_MSG_RESULT(no)])
|
| -</pre><p>
|
| - If you are using other (non-GNU) compilers it might be a good idea
|
| - to check for <code class="code">string::at</code> separately.
|
| -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="id445057"></a>No <code class="code">std::char_traits<char>::eof</code></h4></div></div></div><p>
|
| - Use some kind of autoconf test, plus this:
|
| -</p><pre class="programlisting">
|
| -#ifdef HAVE_CHAR_TRAITS
|
| -#define CPP_EOF std::char_traits<char>::eof()
|
| -#else
|
| -#define CPP_EOF EOF
|
| -#endif
|
| -</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="id445075"></a>No <code class="code">string::clear</code></h4></div></div></div><p>
|
| - There are two functions for deleting the contents of a string:
|
| - <code class="code">clear</code> and <code class="code">erase</code> (the latter returns the
|
| - string).
|
| -</p><pre class="programlisting">
|
| -void
|
| -clear() { _M_mutate(0, this->size(), 0); }
|
| -</pre><pre class="programlisting">
|
| -basic_string&
|
| -erase(size_type __pos = 0, size_type __n = npos)
|
| -{
|
| - return this->replace(_M_check(__pos), _M_fold(__pos, __n),
|
| - _M_data(), _M_data());
|
| -}
|
| -</pre><p>
|
| - Unfortunately, <code class="code">clear</code> is not implemented in this
|
| - version, so you should use <code class="code">erase</code> (which is probably
|
| - faster than <code class="code">operator=(charT*)</code>).
|
| -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="id445120"></a>
|
| - Removal of <code class="code">ostream::form</code> and <code class="code">istream::scan</code>
|
| - extensions
|
| -</h4></div></div></div><p>
|
| - These are no longer supported. Please use stringstreams instead.
|
| -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="id445139"></a>No <code class="code">basic_stringbuf</code>, <code class="code">basic_stringstream</code></h4></div></div></div><p>
|
| - Although the ISO standard <code class="code">i/ostringstream</code>-classes are
|
| - provided, (<code class="filename">sstream</code>), for
|
| - compatibility with older implementations the pre-ISO
|
| - <code class="code">i/ostrstream</code> (<code class="filename">strstream</code>) interface is also provided,
|
| - with these caveats:
|
| -</p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
|
| - <code class="code">strstream</code> is considered to be deprecated
|
| - </p></li><li><p>
|
| - <code class="code">strstream</code> is limited to <code class="code">char</code>
|
| - </p></li><li><p>
|
| - with <code class="code">ostringstream</code> you don't have to take care of
|
| - terminating the string or freeing its memory
|
| - </p></li><li><p>
|
| - <code class="code">istringstream</code> can be re-filled (clear();
|
| - str(input);)
|
| - </p></li></ul></div><p>
|
| - You can then use output-stringstreams like this:
|
| -</p><pre class="programlisting">
|
| -#ifdef HAVE_SSTREAM
|
| -# include <sstream>
|
| -#else
|
| -# include <strstream>
|
| -#endif
|
| -
|
| -#ifdef HAVE_SSTREAM
|
| - std::ostringstream oss;
|
| -#else
|
| - std::ostrstream oss;
|
| -#endif
|
| -
|
| -oss << “<span class="quote">Name=</span>” << m_name << “<span class="quote">, number=</span>” << m_number << std::endl;
|
| -...
|
| -#ifndef HAVE_SSTREAM
|
| - oss << std::ends; // terminate the char*-string
|
| -#endif
|
| -
|
| -// str() returns char* for ostrstream and a string for ostringstream
|
| -// this also causes ostrstream to think that the buffer's memory
|
| -// is yours
|
| -m_label.set_text(oss.str());
|
| -#ifndef HAVE_SSTREAM
|
| - // let the ostrstream take care of freeing the memory
|
| - oss.freeze(false);
|
| -#endif
|
| -</pre><p>
|
| - Input-stringstreams can be used similarly:
|
| -</p><pre class="programlisting">
|
| -std::string input;
|
| -...
|
| -#ifdef HAVE_SSTREAM
|
| -std::istringstream iss(input);
|
| -#else
|
| -std::istrstream iss(input.c_str());
|
| -#endif
|
| -
|
| -int i;
|
| -iss >> i;
|
| -</pre><p> One (the only?) restriction is that an istrstream cannot be re-filled:
|
| -</p><pre class="programlisting">
|
| -std::istringstream iss(numerator);
|
| -iss >> m_num;
|
| -// this is not possible with istrstream
|
| -iss.clear();
|
| -iss.str(denominator);
|
| -iss >> m_den;
|
| -</pre><p>
|
| -If you don't care about speed, you can put these conversions in
|
| - a template-function:
|
| -</p><pre class="programlisting">
|
| -template <class X>
|
| -void fromString(const string& input, X& any)
|
| -{
|
| -#ifdef HAVE_SSTREAM
|
| -std::istringstream iss(input);
|
| -#else
|
| -std::istrstream iss(input.c_str());
|
| -#endif
|
| -X temp;
|
| -iss >> temp;
|
| -if (iss.fail())
|
| -throw runtime_error(..)
|
| -any = temp;
|
| -}
|
| -</pre><p>
|
| - Another example of using stringstreams is in <a class="link" href="bk01pt05ch13s05.html" title="Shrink to Fit">this howto</a>.
|
| -</p><p> There is additional information in the libstdc++-v2 info files, in
|
| -particular “<span class="quote">info iostream</span>”.
|
| -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="id448793"></a>Little or no wide character support</h4></div></div></div><p>
|
| - Classes <code class="classname">wstring</code> and
|
| - <code class="classname">char_traits<wchar_t></code> are
|
| - not supported.
|
| - </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="id448812"></a>No templatized iostreams</h4></div></div></div><p>
|
| - Classes <code class="classname">wfilebuf</code> and
|
| - <code class="classname">wstringstream</code> are not supported.
|
| - </p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="id448831"></a>Thread safety issues</h4></div></div></div><p>
|
| - Earlier GCC releases had a somewhat different approach to
|
| - threading configuration and proper compilation. Before GCC 3.0,
|
| - configuration of the threading model was dictated by compiler
|
| - command-line options and macros (both of which were somewhat
|
| - thread-implementation and port-specific). There were no
|
| - guarantees related to being able to link code compiled with one
|
| - set of options and macro setting with another set.
|
| - </p><p>
|
| - For GCC 3.0, configuration of the threading model used with
|
| - libraries and user-code is performed when GCC is configured and
|
| - built using the --enable-threads and --disable-threads options.
|
| - The ABI is stable for symbol name-mangling and limited functional
|
| - compatibility exists between code compiled under different
|
| - threading models.
|
| - </p><p>
|
| - The libstdc++ library has been designed so that it can be used in
|
| - multithreaded applications (with libstdc++-v2 this was only true
|
| - of the STL parts.) The first problem is finding a
|
| - <span class="emphasis"><em>fast</em></span> method of implementation portable to
|
| - all platforms. Due to historical reasons, some of the library is
|
| - written against per-CPU-architecture spinlocks and other parts
|
| - against the gthr.h abstraction layer which is provided by gcc. A
|
| - minor problem that pops up every so often is different
|
| - interpretations of what "thread-safe" means for a
|
| - library (not a general program). We currently use the <a class="ulink" href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/thread_safety.html" target="_top">same
|
| - definition that SGI</a> uses for their STL subset. However,
|
| - the exception for read-only containers only applies to the STL
|
| - components. This definition is widely-used and something similar
|
| - will be used in the next version of the C++ standard library.
|
| - </p><p>
|
| - Here is a small link farm to threads (no pun) in the mail
|
| - archives that discuss the threading problem. Each link is to the
|
| - first relevant message in the thread; from there you can use
|
| - "Thread Next" to move down the thread. This farm is in
|
| - latest-to-oldest order.
|
| - </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>
|
| - Our threading expert Loren gives a breakdown of <a class="ulink" href="http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/libstdc++/2001-10/msg00024.html" target="_top">the
|
| - six situations involving threads</a> for the 3.0
|
| - release series.
|
| - </p></li><li><p>
|
| - <a class="ulink" href="http://gcc.gnu.org/ml/libstdc++/2001-05/msg00384.html" target="_top">
|
| - This message</a> inspired a recent updating of issues with
|
| - threading and the SGI STL library. It also contains some
|
| - example POSIX-multithreaded STL code.
|
| - </p></li></ul></div><p>
|
| - (A large selection of links to older messages has been removed;
|
| - many of the messages from 1999 were lost in a disk crash, and the
|
| - few people with access to the backup tapes have been too swamped
|
| - with work to restore them. Many of the points have been
|
| - superseded anyhow.)
|
| - </p></div></div><div class="sect2" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="backwards.third"></a>Third</h3></div></div></div><p> The third generation GNU C++ library is called libstdc++, or
|
| -libstdc++-v3.
|
| -</p><p>The subset commonly known as the Standard Template Library
|
| - (chapters 23 through 25, mostly) is adapted from the final release
|
| - of the SGI STL (version 3.3), with extensive changes.
|
| - </p><p>A more formal description of the V3 goals can be found in the
|
| - official <a class="ulink" href="../17_intro/DESIGN" target="_top">design document</a>.
|
| - </p><p>Portability notes and known implementation limitations are as follows.</p><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="id448950"></a>Pre-ISO headers moved to backwards or removed</h4></div></div></div><p> The pre-ISO C++ headers
|
| - (<code class="code">iostream.h</code>, <code class="code">defalloc.h</code> etc.) are
|
| - available, unlike previous libstdc++ versions, but inclusion
|
| - generates a warning that you are using deprecated headers.
|
| -</p><p>This compatibility layer is constructed by including the
|
| - standard C++ headers, and injecting any items in
|
| - <code class="code">std::</code> into the global namespace.
|
| - </p><p>For those of you new to ISO C++ (welcome, time travelers!), no,
|
| - that isn't a typo. Yes, the headers really have new names.
|
| - Marshall Cline's C++ FAQ Lite has a good explanation in <a class="ulink" href="http://www.parashift.com/c++-faq-lite/coding-standards.html#faq-27.4" target="_top">item
|
| - [27.4]</a>.
|
| - </p><p> Some include adjustment may be required. What follows is an
|
| -autoconf test that defines <code class="code">PRE_STDCXX_HEADERS</code> when they
|
| -exist.</p><pre class="programlisting">
|
| -# AC_HEADER_PRE_STDCXX
|
| -AC_DEFUN([AC_HEADER_PRE_STDCXX], [
|
| - AC_CACHE_CHECK(for pre-ISO C++ include files,
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_pre_stdcxx,
|
| - [AC_LANG_SAVE
|
| - AC_LANG_CPLUSPLUS
|
| - ac_save_CXXFLAGS="$CXXFLAGS"
|
| - CXXFLAGS="$CXXFLAGS -Wno-deprecated"
|
| -
|
| - # Omit defalloc.h, as compilation with newer compilers is problematic.
|
| - AC_TRY_COMPILE([
|
| - #include <new.h>
|
| - #include <iterator.h>
|
| - #include <alloc.h>
|
| - #include <set.h>
|
| - #include <hashtable.h>
|
| - #include <hash_set.h>
|
| - #include <fstream.h>
|
| - #include <tempbuf.h>
|
| - #include <istream.h>
|
| - #include <bvector.h>
|
| - #include <stack.h>
|
| - #include <rope.h>
|
| - #include <complex.h>
|
| - #include <ostream.h>
|
| - #include <heap.h>
|
| - #include <iostream.h>
|
| - #include <function.h>
|
| - #include <multimap.h>
|
| - #include <pair.h>
|
| - #include <stream.h>
|
| - #include <iomanip.h>
|
| - #include <slist.h>
|
| - #include <tree.h>
|
| - #include <vector.h>
|
| - #include <deque.h>
|
| - #include <multiset.h>
|
| - #include <list.h>
|
| - #include <map.h>
|
| - #include <algobase.h>
|
| - #include <hash_map.h>
|
| - #include <algo.h>
|
| - #include <queue.h>
|
| - #include <streambuf.h>
|
| - ],,
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_pre_stdcxx=yes, ac_cv_cxx_pre_stdcxx=no)
|
| - CXXFLAGS="$ac_save_CXXFLAGS"
|
| - AC_LANG_RESTORE
|
| - ])
|
| - if test "$ac_cv_cxx_pre_stdcxx" = yes; then
|
| - AC_DEFINE(PRE_STDCXX_HEADERS,,[Define if pre-ISO C++ header files are present. ])
|
| - fi
|
| -])
|
| -</pre><p>Porting between pre-ISO headers and ISO headers is simple: headers
|
| -like <code class="filename">vector.h</code> can be replaced with <code class="filename">vector</code> and a using
|
| -directive <code class="code">using namespace std;</code> can be put at the global
|
| -scope. This should be enough to get this code compiling, assuming the
|
| -other usage is correct.
|
| -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="id449032"></a>Extension headers hash_map, hash_set moved to ext or backwards</h4></div></div></div><p>At this time most of the features of the SGI STL extension have been
|
| - replaced by standardized libraries.
|
| - In particular, the unordered_map and unordered_set containers of TR1
|
| - are suitable replacement for the non-standard hash_map and hash_set
|
| - containers in the SGI STL.
|
| - </p><p> Header files <code class="filename">hash_map</code> and <code class="filename">hash_set</code> moved
|
| -to <code class="filename">ext/hash_map</code> and <code class="filename">ext/hash_set</code>,
|
| -respectively. At the same time, all types in these files are enclosed
|
| -in <code class="code">namespace __gnu_cxx</code>. Later versions move deprecate
|
| -these files, and suggest using TR1's <code class="filename">unordered_map</code>
|
| -and <code class="filename">unordered_set</code> instead.
|
| -</p><p>The extensions are no longer in the global or <code class="code">std</code>
|
| - namespaces, instead they are declared in the <code class="code">__gnu_cxx</code>
|
| - namespace. For maximum portability, consider defining a namespace
|
| - alias to use to talk about extensions, e.g.:
|
| - </p><pre class="programlisting">
|
| - #ifdef __GNUC__
|
| - #if __GNUC__ < 3
|
| - #include <hash_map.h>
|
| - namespace extension { using ::hash_map; }; // inherit globals
|
| - #else
|
| - #include <backward/hash_map>
|
| - #if __GNUC__ == 3 && __GNUC_MINOR__ == 0
|
| - namespace extension = std; // GCC 3.0
|
| - #else
|
| - namespace extension = ::__gnu_cxx; // GCC 3.1 and later
|
| - #endif
|
| - #endif
|
| - #else // ... there are other compilers, right?
|
| - namespace extension = std;
|
| - #endif
|
| -
|
| - extension::hash_map<int,int> my_map;
|
| - </pre><p>This is a bit cleaner than defining typedefs for all the
|
| - instantiations you might need.
|
| - </p><p>The following autoconf tests check for working HP/SGI hash containers.
|
| -</p><pre class="programlisting">
|
| -# AC_HEADER_EXT_HASH_MAP
|
| -AC_DEFUN([AC_HEADER_EXT_HASH_MAP], [
|
| - AC_CACHE_CHECK(for ext/hash_map,
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_ext_hash_map,
|
| - [AC_LANG_SAVE
|
| - AC_LANG_CPLUSPLUS
|
| - ac_save_CXXFLAGS="$CXXFLAGS"
|
| - CXXFLAGS="$CXXFLAGS -Werror"
|
| - AC_TRY_COMPILE([#include <ext/hash_map>], [using __gnu_cxx::hash_map;],
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_ext_hash_map=yes, ac_cv_cxx_ext_hash_map=no)
|
| - CXXFLAGS="$ac_save_CXXFLAGS"
|
| - AC_LANG_RESTORE
|
| - ])
|
| - if test "$ac_cv_cxx_ext_hash_map" = yes; then
|
| - AC_DEFINE(HAVE_EXT_HASH_MAP,,[Define if ext/hash_map is present. ])
|
| - fi
|
| -])
|
| -</pre><pre class="programlisting">
|
| -# AC_HEADER_EXT_HASH_SET
|
| -AC_DEFUN([AC_HEADER_EXT_HASH_SET], [
|
| - AC_CACHE_CHECK(for ext/hash_set,
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_ext_hash_set,
|
| - [AC_LANG_SAVE
|
| - AC_LANG_CPLUSPLUS
|
| - ac_save_CXXFLAGS="$CXXFLAGS"
|
| - CXXFLAGS="$CXXFLAGS -Werror"
|
| - AC_TRY_COMPILE([#include <ext/hash_set>], [using __gnu_cxx::hash_set;],
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_ext_hash_set=yes, ac_cv_cxx_ext_hash_set=no)
|
| - CXXFLAGS="$ac_save_CXXFLAGS"
|
| - AC_LANG_RESTORE
|
| - ])
|
| - if test "$ac_cv_cxx_ext_hash_set" = yes; then
|
| - AC_DEFINE(HAVE_EXT_HASH_SET,,[Define if ext/hash_set is present. ])
|
| - fi
|
| -])
|
| -</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="id449135"></a>No <code class="code">ios::nocreate/ios::noreplace</code>.
|
| -</h4></div></div></div><p> The existence of <code class="code">ios::nocreate</code> being used for
|
| -input-streams has been confirmed, most probably because the author
|
| -thought it would be more correct to specify nocreate explicitly. So
|
| -it can be left out for input-streams.
|
| -</p><p>For output streams, “<span class="quote">nocreate</span>” is probably the default,
|
| -unless you specify <code class="code">std::ios::trunc</code> ? To be safe, you can
|
| -open the file for reading, check if it has been opened, and then
|
| -decide whether you want to create/replace or not. To my knowledge,
|
| -even older implementations support <code class="code">app</code>, <code class="code">ate</code>
|
| -and <code class="code">trunc</code> (except for <code class="code">app</code> ?).
|
| -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="id449183"></a>
|
| -No <code class="code">stream::attach(int fd)</code>
|
| -</h4></div></div></div><p>
|
| - Phil Edwards writes: It was considered and rejected for the ISO
|
| - standard. Not all environments use file descriptors. Of those
|
| - that do, not all of them use integers to represent them.
|
| - </p><p>
|
| - For a portable solution (among systems which use
|
| - file descriptors), you need to implement a subclass of
|
| - <code class="code">std::streambuf</code> (or
|
| - <code class="code">std::basic_streambuf<..></code>) which opens a file
|
| - given a descriptor, and then pass an instance of this to the
|
| - stream-constructor.
|
| - </p><p>
|
| - An extension is available that implements this.
|
| - <code class="filename">ext/stdio_filebuf.h</code> contains a derived class called
|
| - <a class="ulink" href="http://gcc.gnu.org/onlinedocs/libstdc++/latest-doxygen/class____gnu__cxx_1_1stdio__filebuf.html" target="_top"><code class="code">__gnu_cxx::stdio_filebuf</code></a>.
|
| - This class can be constructed from a C <code class="code">FILE*</code> or a file
|
| - descriptor, and provides the <code class="code">fd()</code> function.
|
| - </p><p>
|
| - For another example of this, refer to
|
| - <a class="ulink" href="http://www.josuttis.com/cppcode/fdstream.html" target="_top">fdstream example</a>
|
| - by Nicolai Josuttis.
|
| -</p></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="id511531"></a>
|
| -Support for C++98 dialect.
|
| -</h4></div></div></div><p>Check for complete library coverage of the C++1998/2003 standard.
|
| -</p><pre class="programlisting">
|
| -# AC_HEADER_STDCXX_98
|
| -AC_DEFUN([AC_HEADER_STDCXX_98], [
|
| - AC_CACHE_CHECK(for ISO C++ 98 include files,
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_stdcxx_98,
|
| - [AC_LANG_SAVE
|
| - AC_LANG_CPLUSPLUS
|
| - AC_TRY_COMPILE([
|
| - #include <cassert>
|
| - #include <cctype>
|
| - #include <cerrno>
|
| - #include <cfloat>
|
| - #include <ciso646>
|
| - #include <climits>
|
| - #include <clocale>
|
| - #include <cmath>
|
| - #include <csetjmp>
|
| - #include <csignal>
|
| - #include <cstdarg>
|
| - #include <cstddef>
|
| - #include <cstdio>
|
| - #include <cstdlib>
|
| - #include <cstring>
|
| - #include <ctime>
|
| -
|
| - #include <algorithm>
|
| - #include <bitset>
|
| - #include <complex>
|
| - #include <deque>
|
| - #include <exception>
|
| - #include <fstream>
|
| - #include <functional>
|
| - #include <iomanip>
|
| - #include <ios>
|
| - #include <iosfwd>
|
| - #include <iostream>
|
| - #include <istream>
|
| - #include <iterator>
|
| - #include <limits>
|
| - #include <list>
|
| - #include <locale>
|
| - #include <map>
|
| - #include <memory>
|
| - #include <new>
|
| - #include <numeric>
|
| - #include <ostream>
|
| - #include <queue>
|
| - #include <set>
|
| - #include <sstream>
|
| - #include <stack>
|
| - #include <stdexcept>
|
| - #include <streambuf>
|
| - #include <string>
|
| - #include <typeinfo>
|
| - #include <utility>
|
| - #include <valarray>
|
| - #include <vector>
|
| - ],,
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_stdcxx_98=yes, ac_cv_cxx_stdcxx_98=no)
|
| - AC_LANG_RESTORE
|
| - ])
|
| - if test "$ac_cv_cxx_stdcxx_98" = yes; then
|
| - AC_DEFINE(STDCXX_98_HEADERS,,[Define if ISO C++ 1998 header files are present. ])
|
| - fi
|
| -])
|
| -</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="id511558"></a>
|
| -Support for C++TR1 dialect.
|
| -</h4></div></div></div><p>Check for library coverage of the TR1 standard.
|
| -</p><pre class="programlisting">
|
| -# AC_HEADER_STDCXX_TR1
|
| -AC_DEFUN([AC_HEADER_STDCXX_TR1], [
|
| - AC_CACHE_CHECK(for ISO C++ TR1 include files,
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_stdcxx_tr1,
|
| - [AC_LANG_SAVE
|
| - AC_LANG_CPLUSPLUS
|
| - AC_TRY_COMPILE([
|
| - #include <tr1/array>
|
| - #include <tr1/ccomplex>
|
| - #include <tr1/cctype>
|
| - #include <tr1/cfenv>
|
| - #include <tr1/cfloat>
|
| - #include <tr1/cinttypes>
|
| - #include <tr1/climits>
|
| - #include <tr1/cmath>
|
| - #include <tr1/complex>
|
| - #include <tr1/cstdarg>
|
| - #include <tr1/cstdbool>
|
| - #include <tr1/cstdint>
|
| - #include <tr1/cstdio>
|
| - #include <tr1/cstdlib>
|
| - #include <tr1/ctgmath>
|
| - #include <tr1/ctime>
|
| - #include <tr1/cwchar>
|
| - #include <tr1/cwctype>
|
| - #include <tr1/functional>
|
| - #include <tr1/memory>
|
| - #include <tr1/random>
|
| - #include <tr1/regex>
|
| - #include <tr1/tuple>
|
| - #include <tr1/type_traits>
|
| - #include <tr1/unordered_set>
|
| - #include <tr1/unordered_map>
|
| - #include <tr1/utility>
|
| - ],,
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_stdcxx_tr1=yes, ac_cv_cxx_stdcxx_tr1=no)
|
| - AC_LANG_RESTORE
|
| - ])
|
| - if test "$ac_cv_cxx_stdcxx_tr1" = yes; then
|
| - AC_DEFINE(STDCXX_TR1_HEADERS,,[Define if ISO C++ TR1 header files are present. ])
|
| - fi
|
| -])
|
| -</pre><p>An alternative is to check just for specific TR1 includes, such as <unordered_map> and <unordered_set>.
|
| -</p><pre class="programlisting">
|
| -# AC_HEADER_TR1_UNORDERED_MAP
|
| -AC_DEFUN([AC_HEADER_TR1_UNORDERED_MAP], [
|
| - AC_CACHE_CHECK(for tr1/unordered_map,
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_tr1_unordered_map,
|
| - [AC_LANG_SAVE
|
| - AC_LANG_CPLUSPLUS
|
| - AC_TRY_COMPILE([#include <tr1/unordered_map>], [using std::tr1::unordered_map;],
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_tr1_unordered_map=yes, ac_cv_cxx_tr1_unordered_map=no)
|
| - AC_LANG_RESTORE
|
| - ])
|
| - if test "$ac_cv_cxx_tr1_unordered_map" = yes; then
|
| - AC_DEFINE(HAVE_TR1_UNORDERED_MAP,,[Define if tr1/unordered_map is present. ])
|
| - fi
|
| -])
|
| -</pre><pre class="programlisting">
|
| -# AC_HEADER_TR1_UNORDERED_SET
|
| -AC_DEFUN([AC_HEADER_TR1_UNORDERED_SET], [
|
| - AC_CACHE_CHECK(for tr1/unordered_set,
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_tr1_unordered_set,
|
| - [AC_LANG_SAVE
|
| - AC_LANG_CPLUSPLUS
|
| - AC_TRY_COMPILE([#include <tr1/unordered_set>], [using std::tr1::unordered_set;],
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_tr1_unordered_set=yes, ac_cv_cxx_tr1_unordered_set=no)
|
| - AC_LANG_RESTORE
|
| - ])
|
| - if test "$ac_cv_cxx_tr1_unordered_set" = yes; then
|
| - AC_DEFINE(HAVE_TR1_UNORDERED_SET,,[Define if tr1/unordered_set is present. ])
|
| - fi
|
| -])
|
| -</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="id511602"></a>
|
| -Support for C++0x dialect.
|
| -</h4></div></div></div><p>Check for baseline language coverage in the compiler for the C++0xstandard.
|
| -</p><pre class="programlisting">
|
| -# AC_COMPILE_STDCXX_OX
|
| -AC_DEFUN([AC_COMPILE_STDCXX_0X], [
|
| - AC_CACHE_CHECK(if g++ supports C++0x features without additional flags,
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_compile_cxx0x_native,
|
| - [AC_LANG_SAVE
|
| - AC_LANG_CPLUSPLUS
|
| - AC_TRY_COMPILE([
|
| - template <typename T>
|
| - struct check
|
| - {
|
| - static_assert(sizeof(int) <= sizeof(T), "not big enough");
|
| - };
|
| -
|
| - typedef check<check<bool>> right_angle_brackets;
|
| -
|
| - int a;
|
| - decltype(a) b;
|
| -
|
| - typedef check<int> check_type;
|
| - check_type c;
|
| - check_type&& cr = c;],,
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_compile_cxx0x_native=yes, ac_cv_cxx_compile_cxx0x_native=no)
|
| - AC_LANG_RESTORE
|
| - ])
|
| -
|
| - AC_CACHE_CHECK(if g++ supports C++0x features with -std=c++0x,
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_compile_cxx0x_cxx,
|
| - [AC_LANG_SAVE
|
| - AC_LANG_CPLUSPLUS
|
| - ac_save_CXXFLAGS="$CXXFLAGS"
|
| - CXXFLAGS="$CXXFLAGS -std=c++0x"
|
| - AC_TRY_COMPILE([
|
| - template <typename T>
|
| - struct check
|
| - {
|
| - static_assert(sizeof(int) <= sizeof(T), "not big enough");
|
| - };
|
| -
|
| - typedef check<check<bool>> right_angle_brackets;
|
| -
|
| - int a;
|
| - decltype(a) b;
|
| -
|
| - typedef check<int> check_type;
|
| - check_type c;
|
| - check_type&& cr = c;],,
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_compile_cxx0x_cxx=yes, ac_cv_cxx_compile_cxx0x_cxx=no)
|
| - CXXFLAGS="$ac_save_CXXFLAGS"
|
| - AC_LANG_RESTORE
|
| - ])
|
| -
|
| - AC_CACHE_CHECK(if g++ supports C++0x features with -std=gnu++0x,
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_compile_cxx0x_gxx,
|
| - [AC_LANG_SAVE
|
| - AC_LANG_CPLUSPLUS
|
| - ac_save_CXXFLAGS="$CXXFLAGS"
|
| - CXXFLAGS="$CXXFLAGS -std=gnu++0x"
|
| - AC_TRY_COMPILE([
|
| - template <typename T>
|
| - struct check
|
| - {
|
| - static_assert(sizeof(int) <= sizeof(T), "not big enough");
|
| - };
|
| -
|
| - typedef check<check<bool>> right_angle_brackets;
|
| -
|
| - int a;
|
| - decltype(a) b;
|
| -
|
| - typedef check<int> check_type;
|
| - check_type c;
|
| - check_type&& cr = c;],,
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_compile_cxx0x_gxx=yes, ac_cv_cxx_compile_cxx0x_gxx=no)
|
| - CXXFLAGS="$ac_save_CXXFLAGS"
|
| - AC_LANG_RESTORE
|
| - ])
|
| -
|
| - if test "$ac_cv_cxx_compile_cxx0x_native" = yes ||
|
| - test "$ac_cv_cxx_compile_cxx0x_cxx" = yes ||
|
| - test "$ac_cv_cxx_compile_cxx0x_gxx" = yes; then
|
| - AC_DEFINE(HAVE_STDCXX_0X,,[Define if g++ supports C++0x features. ])
|
| - fi
|
| -])
|
| -</pre><p>Check for library coverage of the C++0xstandard.
|
| -</p><pre class="programlisting">
|
| -# AC_HEADER_STDCXX_0X
|
| -AC_DEFUN([AC_HEADER_STDCXX_0X], [
|
| - AC_CACHE_CHECK(for ISO C++ 0x include files,
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_stdcxx_0x,
|
| - [AC_REQUIRE([AC_COMPILE_STDCXX_0X])
|
| - AC_LANG_SAVE
|
| - AC_LANG_CPLUSPLUS
|
| - ac_save_CXXFLAGS="$CXXFLAGS"
|
| - CXXFLAGS="$CXXFLAGS -std=gnu++0x"
|
| -
|
| - AC_TRY_COMPILE([
|
| - #include <cassert>
|
| - #include <ccomplex>
|
| - #include <cctype>
|
| - #include <cerrno>
|
| - #include <cfenv>
|
| - #include <cfloat>
|
| - #include <cinttypes>
|
| - #include <ciso646>
|
| - #include <climits>
|
| - #include <clocale>
|
| - #include <cmath>
|
| - #include <csetjmp>
|
| - #include <csignal>
|
| - #include <cstdarg>
|
| - #include <cstdbool>
|
| - #include <cstddef>
|
| - #include <cstdint>
|
| - #include <cstdio>
|
| - #include <cstdlib>
|
| - #include <cstring>
|
| - #include <ctgmath>
|
| - #include <ctime>
|
| - #include <cwchar>
|
| - #include <cwctype>
|
| -
|
| - #include <algorithm>
|
| - #include <array>
|
| - #include <bitset>
|
| - #include <complex>
|
| - #include <deque>
|
| - #include <exception>
|
| - #include <fstream>
|
| - #include <functional>
|
| - #include <iomanip>
|
| - #include <ios>
|
| - #include <iosfwd>
|
| - #include <iostream>
|
| - #include <istream>
|
| - #include <iterator>
|
| - #include <limits>
|
| - #include <list>
|
| - #include <locale>
|
| - #include <map>
|
| - #include <memory>
|
| - #include <new>
|
| - #include <numeric>
|
| - #include <ostream>
|
| - #include <queue>
|
| - #include <random>
|
| - #include <regex>
|
| - #include <set>
|
| - #include <sstream>
|
| - #include <stack>
|
| - #include <stdexcept>
|
| - #include <streambuf>
|
| - #include <string>
|
| - #include <tuple>
|
| - #include <typeinfo>
|
| - #include <type_traits>
|
| - #include <unordered_map>
|
| - #include <unordered_set>
|
| - #include <utility>
|
| - #include <valarray>
|
| - #include <vector>
|
| - ],,
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_stdcxx_0x=yes, ac_cv_cxx_stdcxx_0x=no)
|
| - AC_LANG_RESTORE
|
| - CXXFLAGS="$ac_save_CXXFLAGS"
|
| - ])
|
| - if test "$ac_cv_cxx_stdcxx_0x" = yes; then
|
| - AC_DEFINE(STDCXX_0X_HEADERS,,[Define if ISO C++ 0x header files are present. ])
|
| - fi
|
| -])
|
| -</pre><p>As is the case for TR1 support, these autoconf macros can be made for a finer-grained, per-header-file check. For <unordered_map>
|
| -</p><pre class="programlisting">
|
| -# AC_HEADER_UNORDERED_MAP
|
| -AC_DEFUN([AC_HEADER_UNORDERED_MAP], [
|
| - AC_CACHE_CHECK(for unordered_map,
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_unordered_map,
|
| - [AC_REQUIRE([AC_COMPILE_STDCXX_0X])
|
| - AC_LANG_SAVE
|
| - AC_LANG_CPLUSPLUS
|
| - ac_save_CXXFLAGS="$CXXFLAGS"
|
| - CXXFLAGS="$CXXFLAGS -std=gnu++0x"
|
| - AC_TRY_COMPILE([#include <unordered_map>], [using std::unordered_map;],
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_unordered_map=yes, ac_cv_cxx_unordered_map=no)
|
| - CXXFLAGS="$ac_save_CXXFLAGS"
|
| - AC_LANG_RESTORE
|
| - ])
|
| - if test "$ac_cv_cxx_unordered_map" = yes; then
|
| - AC_DEFINE(HAVE_UNORDERED_MAP,,[Define if unordered_map is present. ])
|
| - fi
|
| -])
|
| -</pre><pre class="programlisting">
|
| -# AC_HEADER_UNORDERED_SET
|
| -AC_DEFUN([AC_HEADER_UNORDERED_SET], [
|
| - AC_CACHE_CHECK(for unordered_set,
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_unordered_set,
|
| - [AC_REQUIRE([AC_COMPILE_STDCXX_0X])
|
| - AC_LANG_SAVE
|
| - AC_LANG_CPLUSPLUS
|
| - ac_save_CXXFLAGS="$CXXFLAGS"
|
| - CXXFLAGS="$CXXFLAGS -std=gnu++0x"
|
| - AC_TRY_COMPILE([#include <unordered_set>], [using std::unordered_set;],
|
| - ac_cv_cxx_unordered_set=yes, ac_cv_cxx_unordered_set=no)
|
| - CXXFLAGS="$ac_save_CXXFLAGS"
|
| - AC_LANG_RESTORE
|
| - ])
|
| - if test "$ac_cv_cxx_unordered_set" = yes; then
|
| - AC_DEFINE(HAVE_UNORDERED_SET,,[Define if unordered_set is present. ])
|
| - fi
|
| -])
|
| -</pre></div><div class="sect3" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title"><a id="id511679"></a>
|
| - Container::iterator_type is not necessarily Container::value_type*
|
| -</h4></div></div></div><p>
|
| - This is a change in behavior from the previous version. Now, most
|
| - <span class="type">iterator_type</span> typedefs in container classes are POD
|
| - objects, not <span class="type">value_type</span> pointers.
|
| -</p></div></div><div class="bibliography"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"><a id="backwards.biblio"></a>Bibliography</h3></div></div></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="id511711"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">
|
| - kegel41
|
| - </abbr>] <span class="title"><i>
|
| - Migrating to GCC 4.1
|
| - </i>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Dan</span> <span class="surname">Kegel</span>. </span><span class="biblioid">
|
| - <a class="ulink" href="http://www.kegel.com/gcc/gcc4.html" target="_top">
|
| - </a>
|
| - . </span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="id511743"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">
|
| - kegel41
|
| - </abbr>] <span class="title"><i>
|
| - Building the Whole Debian Archive with GCC 4.1: A Summary
|
| - </i>. </span><span class="author"><span class="firstname">Martin</span> <span class="surname">Michlmayr</span>. </span><span class="biblioid">
|
| - <a class="ulink" href="http://lists.debian.org/debian-gcc/2006/03/msg00405.html" target="_top">
|
| - </a>
|
| - . </span></p></div><div class="biblioentry"><a id="id511776"></a><p>[<abbr class="abbrev">
|
| - lbl32
|
| - </abbr>] <span class="title"><i>
|
| - Migration guide for GCC-3.2
|
| - </i>. </span><span class="biblioid">
|
| - <a class="ulink" href="http://annwm.lbl.gov/~leggett/Atlas/gcc-3.2.html" target="_top">
|
| - </a>
|
| - . </span></p></div></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="api.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="appendix_porting.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="appendix_free.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">API Evolution and Deprecation History </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../spine.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> Appendix C.
|
| - Free Software Needs Free Documentation
|
| -
|
| -</td></tr></table></div></body></html>
|
|
|
Chromium Code Reviews
Issue 3050029:
[gcc] GCC 4.5.0=>4.5.1 (Closed)
Base URL: ssh://git@gitrw.chromium.org:9222/nacl-toolchain.git