gcc/libstdc++-v3/doc/html/manual/associative.html - Issue 3050029: [gcc] GCC 4.5.0=>4.5.1

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Issue 3050029: [gcc] GCC 4.5.0=>4.5.1 (Closed) Base URL: ssh://git@gitrw.chromium.org:9222/nacl-toolchain.git

Patch Set: Created 10 years, 5 months ago

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-<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8" /><title>Chapter 17. Associative</title><meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.74.0" /><meta name="keywords" content="
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 " /><link rel="home" href="../spine.html" title="The GNU C++ Library Documentation" /><link rel="up" href="containers.html" title="Part VII. Containers" /><link rel="prev" href="vector.html" title="vector" /><link rel="next" href="bitset.html" title="bitset" /></head><body><div class="navheader"><table width="100%" summary="Navigation header"><tr><th colspan="3" align="center">Chapter 17. Associative</th></tr><tr><td width="20%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="vector.html">Prev</a> </td><th width="60%" align="center">Part VII.

- Containers

-</th><td width="20%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="bitset.html">Next</a></td></tr></table><hr /></div><div class="chapter" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title"><a id="manual.containers.associative"></a>Chapter 17. Associative</h2></div></div></div><div class="toc"><p><b>Table of Contents</b></p><dl><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="associative.html#containers.associative.insert_hints">Insertion Hints</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect1"><a href="bitset.html">bitset</a></span></dt><dd><dl><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="bitset.html#associative.bitset.size_variable">Size Variable</a></span></dt><dt><span class="sect2"><a href="bitset.html#associative.bitset.type_string">Type String</a></span></dt></dl></dd></dl></div><div class="sect1" lang="en" xml:lang="en"><div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both"><a id="containers.associative.insert_hints"></a>Insertion Hints</h2></div></div></div><p>

- Section [23.1.2], Table 69, of the C++ standard lists this

- function for all of the associative containers (map, set, etc):

- </p><pre class="programlisting">

- a.insert(p,t);

- </pre><p>

- where 'p' is an iterator into the container 'a', and 't' is the

- item to insert. The standard says that “<span class="quote"><code class="code">t</code> is

- inserted as close as possible to the position just prior to

- <code class="code">p</code>.</span>” (Library DR #233 addresses this topic,

- referring to <a class="ulink" href="http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2005/n1780.html" target="_top">N1780</a>.

- Since version 4.2 GCC implements the resolution to DR 233, so

- that insertions happen as close as possible to the hint. For

- earlier releases the hint was only used as described below.

- </p><p>

- Here we'll describe how the hinting works in the libstdc++

- implementation, and what you need to do in order to take

- advantage of it. (Insertions can change from logarithmic

- complexity to amortized constant time, if the hint is properly

- used.) Also, since the current implementation is based on the

- SGI STL one, these points may hold true for other library

- implementations also, since the HP/SGI code is used in a lot of

- places.

- </p><p>

- In the following text, the phrases <span class="emphasis"><em>greater

- than</em></span> and <span class="emphasis"><em>less than</em></span> refer to the

- results of the strict weak ordering imposed on the container by

- its comparison object, which defaults to (basically)

- “<span class="quote"><</span>”. Using those phrases is semantically sloppy,

- but I didn't want to get bogged down in syntax. I assume that if

- you are intelligent enough to use your own comparison objects,

- you are also intelligent enough to assign “<span class="quote">greater</span>”

- and “<span class="quote">lesser</span>” their new meanings in the next

- paragraph. *grin*

- </p><p>

- If the <code class="code">hint</code> parameter ('p' above) is equivalent to:

- </p><div class="itemizedlist"><ul type="disc"><li><p>

- <code class="code">begin()</code>, then the item being inserted should

- have a key less than all the other keys in the container.

- The item will be inserted at the beginning of the container,

- becoming the new entry at <code class="code">begin()</code>.

- </p></li><li><p>

- <code class="code">end()</code>, then the item being inserted should have

- a key greater than all the other keys in the container. The

- item will be inserted at the end of the container, becoming

- the new entry at <code class="code">end()</code>.

- </p></li><li><p>

- neither <code class="code">begin()</code> nor <code class="code">end()</code>, then:

- Let <code class="code">h</code> be the entry in the container pointed to

- by <code class="code">hint</code>, that is, <code class="code">h = *hint</code>. Then

- the item being inserted should have a key less than that of

- <code class="code">h</code>, and greater than that of the item preceding

- <code class="code">h</code>. The new item will be inserted between

- <code class="code">h</code> and <code class="code">h</code>'s predecessor.

- </p></li></ul></div><p>

- For <code class="code">multimap</code> and <code class="code">multiset</code>, the

- restrictions are slightly looser: “<span class="quote">greater than</span>”

- should be replaced by “<span class="quote">not less than</span>”and “<span class="quote">less

- than</span>” should be replaced by “<span class="quote">not greater

- than.</span>” (Why not replace greater with

- greater-than-or-equal-to? You probably could in your head, but

- the mathematicians will tell you that it isn't the same thing.)

- </p><p>

- If the conditions are not met, then the hint is not used, and the

- insertion proceeds as if you had called <code class="code"> a.insert(t)

- </code> instead. (<span class="emphasis"><em>Note </em></span> that GCC releases

- prior to 3.0.2 had a bug in the case with <code class="code">hint ==

- begin()</code> for the <code class="code">map</code> and <code class="code">set</code>

- classes. You should not use a hint argument in those releases.)

- </p><p>

- This behavior goes well with other containers'

- <code class="code">insert()</code> functions which take an iterator: if used,

- the new item will be inserted before the iterator passed as an

- argument, same as the other containers.

- </p><p>

- <span class="emphasis"><em>Note </em></span> also that the hint in this

- implementation is a one-shot. The older insertion-with-hint

- routines check the immediately surrounding entries to ensure that

- the new item would in fact belong there. If the hint does not

- point to the correct place, then no further local searching is

- done; the search begins from scratch in logarithmic time.

- </p></div></div><div class="navfooter"><hr /><table width="100%" summary="Navigation footer"><tr><td width="40%" align="left"><a accesskey="p" href="vector.html">Prev</a> </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="u" href="containers.html">Up</a></td><td width="40%" align="right"> <a accesskey="n" href="bitset.html">Next</a></td></tr><tr><td width="40%" align="left" valign="top">vector </td><td width="20%" align="center"><a accesskey="h" href="../spine.html">Home</a></td><td width="40%" align="right" valign="top"> bitset</td></tr></table></div></body></html>

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