components/metrics: Add runtime memory leak detector

components/metrics/leak_detector/leak_detector_impl.cc

+// Copyright 2015 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#include "leak_detector_impl.h"
+
+#include <inttypes.h>
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <unistd.h>  // for getpid()
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <new>
+#include <utility>
+
+#include "base/hash.h"
+#include "components/metrics/leak_detector/call_stack_table.h"
+#include "components/metrics/leak_detector/custom_allocator.h"
+#include "components/metrics/leak_detector/ranked_list.h"
+
+namespace metrics {
+namespace leak_detector {
+
+namespace {
+
+// Look for leaks in the the top N entries in each tier, where N is this value.
+const int kRankedListSize = 16;
+
+// Initial hash table size for |LeakDetectorImpl::address_map_|.
+const int kAddressMapNumBuckets = 100003;
+
+// Number of entries in the alloc size table. As sizes are aligned to 32-bits
+// the max supported allocation size is (kNumSizeEntries * 4 - 1). Any larger
+// sizes are ignored. This value is chosen high enough that such large sizes
+// are rare if not nonexistent.
+const int kNumSizeEntries = 2048;
+
+using ValueType = LeakDetectorValueType;
+
+// Print the contents of |str| prefixed with the current pid.
+void PrintWithPid(const char* str) {
+  char line[1024];
+  snprintf(line, sizeof(line), "%d: %s\n", getpid(), str);

[Will Harris, 2015/11/11 17:33:01]

use base::GetCurrentProcId()

[Simon Que, 2015/11/12 17:29:24]

Done.

+  RAW_LOG(ERROR, line);
+}
+
+// Prints the input string buffer using RAW_LOG, pre-fixing each line with the
+// process id. Will modify |str| temporarily but restore it at the end.
+void PrintWithPidOnEachLine(char* str) {
+  char* current_line = str;
+  // Attempt to find a newline that will indicate the end of the first line
+  // and the start of the second line.
+  while (char *newline_ptr = strchr(current_line, '\n')) {
+    // Terminate the current line so it can be printed as a separate string.
+    // Restore the original string when done.
+    *newline_ptr = '\0';
+    PrintWithPid(current_line);
+    *newline_ptr = '\n';
+
+    // Point |current_line| to the next line.
+    current_line = newline_ptr + 1;
+  }
+  // There may be an extra line at the end of the input string that is not
+  // newline-terminated. e.g. if the input was only one line, or the last line
+  // did not end with a newline.
+  if (current_line[0] != '\0')
+    PrintWithPid(current_line);
+}
+
+// Functions to convert an allocation size to/from the array index used for
+// |LeakDetectorImpl::size_entries_|.
+int SizeToIndex(const size_t size) {
+  int result = static_cast<int>(size / sizeof(uint32_t));

[Will Harris, 2015/11/11 17:33:01]

Max 64-bit unsigned int divided by 4 is larger than INT_MAX, what happens for
these large allocations? Perhaps check for this before the division?

[Simon Que, 2015/11/12 17:29:24]

Done.

+  if (result < kNumSizeEntries)
+    return result;
+  return 0;
+}
+
+size_t IndexToSize(int index){
+  return sizeof(uint32_t) * index;
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+bool InternalLeakReport::operator< (const InternalLeakReport& other) const {
+  if (alloc_size_bytes != other.alloc_size_bytes)
+    return alloc_size_bytes < other.alloc_size_bytes;
+  for (size_t i = 0;
+       i < call_stack.size() && i < other.call_stack.size();
+       ++i) {
+    if (call_stack[i] != other.call_stack[i])
+      return call_stack[i] < other.call_stack[i];
+  }
+  return call_stack.size() < other.call_stack.size();
+}
+
+LeakDetectorImpl::LeakDetectorImpl(uintptr_t mapping_addr,
+                                   size_t mapping_size,
+                                   int size_suspicion_threshold,
+                                   int call_stack_suspicion_threshold,
+                                   bool verbose)
+    : num_allocs_(0),
+      num_frees_(0),
+      alloc_size_(0),
+      free_size_(0),
+      num_allocs_with_call_stack_(0),
+      num_stack_tables_(0),
+      address_map_(kAddressMapNumBuckets),
+      size_leak_analyzer_(kRankedListSize, size_suspicion_threshold),
+      size_entries_(kNumSizeEntries, {0}),
+      mapping_addr_(mapping_addr),
+      mapping_size_(mapping_size),
+      call_stack_suspicion_threshold_(call_stack_suspicion_threshold),
+      verbose_(verbose) {
+}
+
+LeakDetectorImpl::~LeakDetectorImpl() {
+  // Free any call stack tables.
+  for (AllocSizeEntry& entry : size_entries_) {
+    CallStackTable* table = entry.stack_table;
+    if (!table)
+      continue;
+    table->~CallStackTable();
+    CustomAllocator::Free(table, sizeof(CallStackTable));
+  }
+  size_entries_.clear();
+}
+
+bool LeakDetectorImpl::ShouldGetStackTraceForSize(size_t size) const {
+  return size_entries_[SizeToIndex(size)].stack_table != nullptr;
+}
+
+void LeakDetectorImpl::RecordAlloc(
+    const void* ptr, size_t size,
+    int stack_depth, const void* const stack[]) {
+  AllocInfo alloc_info;
+  alloc_info.size = size;
+
+  alloc_size_ += alloc_info.size;
+  ++num_allocs_;
+
+  AllocSizeEntry* entry = &size_entries_[SizeToIndex(size)];
+  ++entry->num_allocs;
+
+  if (entry->stack_table && stack_depth > 0) {
+    alloc_info.call_stack =
+        call_stack_manager_.GetCallStack(stack_depth, stack);
+    entry->stack_table->Add(alloc_info.call_stack);
+
+    ++num_allocs_with_call_stack_;
+  }
+
+  uintptr_t addr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(ptr);
+  address_map_.insert(std::pair<uintptr_t, AllocInfo>(addr, alloc_info));
+}
+
+void LeakDetectorImpl::RecordFree(const void* ptr) {
+  // Look up address.
+  uintptr_t addr = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(ptr);
+  auto iter = address_map_.find(addr);
+  if (iter == address_map_.end())

[Will Harris, 2015/11/11 17:33:01]

might it be good to catch these double frees?

[Simon Que, 2015/11/12 17:29:24]

Good idea. I'll leave a TODO here for a future revision.

+    return;
+
+  const AllocInfo& alloc_info = iter->second;
+
+  AllocSizeEntry* entry = &size_entries_[SizeToIndex(alloc_info.size)];
+  ++entry->num_frees;
+
+  const CallStack* call_stack = alloc_info.call_stack;
+  if (call_stack) {
+    if (entry->stack_table)
+      entry->stack_table->Remove(call_stack);
+  }
+  ++num_frees_;
+  free_size_ += alloc_info.size;
+
+  address_map_.erase(iter);
+}
+
+void LeakDetectorImpl::TestForLeaks(
+    bool do_logging,
+    InternalVector<InternalLeakReport>* reports) {
+  if (do_logging)
+    DumpStats();
+
+  // Add net alloc counts for each size to a ranked list.
+  RankedList size_ranked_list(kRankedListSize);
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < size_entries_.size(); ++i) {
+    const AllocSizeEntry& entry = size_entries_[i];
+    ValueType size_value(IndexToSize(i));
+    size_ranked_list.Add(size_value, entry.num_allocs - entry.num_frees);
+  }
+  size_leak_analyzer_.AddSample(std::move(size_ranked_list));

[Will Harris, 2015/11/11 17:33:01]

I don't think C++11 move semantics are allowed in chromium yet. use
MOVE_ONLY_TYPE_FOR_CPP_03 in LeakAnalyzer class.

[Simon Que, 2015/11/12 17:29:24]

Done.

+
+  // Dump out the top entries.
+  char buf[0x4000];
+  if (do_logging && verbose_) {
+    if (size_leak_analyzer_.Dump(sizeof(buf), buf) < sizeof(buf))
+      PrintWithPidOnEachLine(buf);
+  }
+
+  // Get suspected leaks by size.
+  for (const ValueType& size_value : size_leak_analyzer_.suspected_leaks()) {
+    uint32_t size = size_value.size();
+    AllocSizeEntry* entry = &size_entries_[SizeToIndex(size)];
+    if (entry->stack_table)
+      continue;
+    if (do_logging) {
+      snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Adding stack table for size %u\n", size);
+      PrintWithPidOnEachLine(buf);
+    }
+    entry->stack_table = new(CustomAllocator::Allocate(sizeof(CallStackTable)))
+        CallStackTable(call_stack_suspicion_threshold_);
+    ++num_stack_tables_;
+  }
+
+  // Check for leaks in each CallStackTable. It makes sense to this before
+  // checking the size allocations, because that could potentially create new
+  // CallStackTable. However, the overhead to check a new CallStackTable is
+  // small since this function is run very rarely. So handle the leak checks of
+  // Tier 2 here.
+  reports->clear();
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < size_entries_.size(); ++i) {
+    const AllocSizeEntry& entry = size_entries_[i];
+    CallStackTable* stack_table = entry.stack_table;
+    if (!stack_table || stack_table->empty())
+      continue;
+
+    size_t size = IndexToSize(i);
+    if (do_logging && verbose_) {
+      // Dump table info.
+      snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf), "Stack table for size %zu:\n", size);
+      PrintWithPidOnEachLine(buf);
+
+      if (stack_table->Dump(sizeof(buf), buf) < sizeof(buf))
+        PrintWithPidOnEachLine(buf);
+    }
+
+    // Get suspected leaks by call stack.
+    stack_table->TestForLeaks();
+    const LeakAnalyzer& leak_analyzer = stack_table->leak_analyzer();
+    for (const ValueType& call_stack_value : leak_analyzer.suspected_leaks()) {
+      const CallStack* call_stack = call_stack_value.call_stack();
+
+      // Return reports by storing in |*reports|.
+      reports->resize(reports->size() + 1);
+      InternalLeakReport* report = &reports->back();
+      report->alloc_size_bytes = size;
+      report->call_stack.resize(call_stack->depth);
+      for (size_t j = 0; j < call_stack->depth; ++j) {
+        report->call_stack[j] = GetOffset(call_stack->stack[j]);
+      }
+
+      if (do_logging) {
+        int offset = snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
+                              "Suspected call stack for size %zu, %p:\n",
+                              size, call_stack);
+        for (size_t j = 0; j < call_stack->depth; ++j) {
+          offset += snprintf(buf + offset, sizeof(buf) - offset,
+                             "\t%" PRIxPTR "\n",
+                             GetOffset(call_stack->stack[j]));
+        }
+        PrintWithPidOnEachLine(buf);
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+size_t LeakDetectorImpl::AddressHash::operator() (uintptr_t addr) const {
+  return base::Hash(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(&addr), sizeof(addr));
+}
+
+uintptr_t LeakDetectorImpl::GetOffset(const void *ptr) const {
+  uintptr_t ptr_value = reinterpret_cast<uintptr_t>(ptr);
+  if (ptr_value >= mapping_addr_ && ptr_value < mapping_addr_ + mapping_size_)

[Will Harris, 2015/11/11 17:33:01]

can you explain how this works with allocations that are outside the mapping of
the main executable, or for binaries that have a lot of dynamically loaded
modules, is there one copy of LeakDetectorImpl per loaded module?

[Simon Que, 2015/11/12 17:29:24]

I'm not sure what those special cases are, as I only intend for this to work
with the main Chrome module. This code will be activated from the main Chrome
code (browser and renderer).

+    return ptr_value - mapping_addr_;
+  return ptr_value;
+}
+
+void LeakDetectorImpl::DumpStats() const {
+  char buf[1024];
+  snprintf(buf, sizeof(buf),
+           "Alloc size: %" PRIu64"\n"
+           "Free size: %" PRIu64 "\n"
+           "Net alloc size: %" PRIu64 "\n"
+           "Number of stack tables: %u\n"
+           "Percentage of allocs with stack traces: %.2f%%\n"
+           "Number of call stack buckets: %zu\n",
+           alloc_size_, free_size_, alloc_size_ - free_size_, num_stack_tables_,
+           num_allocs_ ? 100.0f * num_allocs_with_call_stack_ / num_allocs_ : 0,
+           call_stack_manager_.size());
+  PrintWithPidOnEachLine(buf);
+}
+
+}  // namespace leak_detector
+}  // namespace metrics