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| 1 // Copyright (c) 2011 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved. | 1 // Copyright (c) 2011 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved. |
| 2 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be | 2 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be |
| 3 // found in the LICENSE file. | 3 // found in the LICENSE file. |
| 4 | 4 |
| 5 // PLEASE READ: Do you really need a singleton? | 5 // PLEASE READ: Do you really need a singleton? |
| 6 // | 6 // |
| 7 // Singletons make it hard to determine the lifetime of an object, which can | 7 // Singletons make it hard to determine the lifetime of an object, which can |
| 8 // lead to buggy code and spurious crashes. | 8 // lead to buggy code and spurious crashes. |
| 9 // | 9 // |
| 10 // Instead of adding another singleton into the mix, try to identify either: | 10 // Instead of adding another singleton into the mix, try to identify either: |
| 11 // a) An existing singleton that can manage your object's lifetime | 11 // a) An existing singleton that can manage your object's lifetime |
| 12 // b) Locations where you can deterministically create the object and pass | 12 // b) Locations where you can deterministically create the object and pass |
| 13 // into other objects | 13 // into other objects |
| 14 // | 14 // |
| 15 // If you absolutely need a singleton, please keep them as trivial as possible | 15 // If you absolutely need a singleton, please keep them as trivial as possible |
| 16 // and ideally a leaf dependency. Singletons get problematic when they attempt | 16 // and ideally a leaf dependency. Singletons get problematic when they attempt |
| 17 // to do too much in their destructor or have circular dependencies. | 17 // to do too much in their destructor or have circular dependencies. |
| 18 | 18 |
| 19 #ifndef BASE_MEMORY_SINGLETON_H_ | 19 #ifndef BASE_MEMORY_SINGLETON_H_ |
| 20 #define BASE_MEMORY_SINGLETON_H_ | 20 #define BASE_MEMORY_SINGLETON_H_ |
| 21 | 21 |
| 22 #include "base/at_exit.h" | 22 #include "base/at_exit.h" |
| 23 #include "base/atomicops.h" | 23 #include "base/atomicops.h" |
| 24 #include "base/base_export.h" | 24 #include "base/base_export.h" |
| 25 #include "base/memory/aligned_memory.h" | 25 #include "base/memory/aligned_memory.h" |
| 26 #include "base/third_party/dynamic_annotations/dynamic_annotations.h" |
| 26 #include "base/threading/thread_restrictions.h" | 27 #include "base/threading/thread_restrictions.h" |
| 27 | 28 |
| 28 namespace base { | 29 namespace base { |
| 29 namespace internal { | 30 namespace internal { |
| 30 | 31 |
| 31 // Our AtomicWord doubles as a spinlock, where a value of | 32 // Our AtomicWord doubles as a spinlock, where a value of |
| 32 // kBeingCreatedMarker means the spinlock is being held for creation. | 33 // kBeingCreatedMarker means the spinlock is being held for creation. |
| 33 static const subtle::AtomicWord kBeingCreatedMarker = 1; | 34 static const subtle::AtomicWord kBeingCreatedMarker = 1; |
| 34 | 35 |
| 35 // We pull out some of the functionality into a non-templated function, so that | 36 // We pull out some of the functionality into a non-templated function, so that |
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| 229 #ifndef NDEBUG | 230 #ifndef NDEBUG |
| 230 // Avoid making TLS lookup on release builds. | 231 // Avoid making TLS lookup on release builds. |
| 231 if (!Traits::kAllowedToAccessOnNonjoinableThread) | 232 if (!Traits::kAllowedToAccessOnNonjoinableThread) |
| 232 base::ThreadRestrictions::AssertSingletonAllowed(); | 233 base::ThreadRestrictions::AssertSingletonAllowed(); |
| 233 #endif | 234 #endif |
| 234 | 235 |
| 235 // The load has acquire memory ordering as the thread which reads the | 236 // The load has acquire memory ordering as the thread which reads the |
| 236 // instance_ pointer must acquire visibility over the singleton data. | 237 // instance_ pointer must acquire visibility over the singleton data. |
| 237 base::subtle::AtomicWord value = base::subtle::Acquire_Load(&instance_); | 238 base::subtle::AtomicWord value = base::subtle::Acquire_Load(&instance_); |
| 238 if (value != 0 && value != base::internal::kBeingCreatedMarker) { | 239 if (value != 0 && value != base::internal::kBeingCreatedMarker) { |
| 240 // See the corresponding HAPPENS_BEFORE below. |
| 241 ANNOTATE_HAPPENS_AFTER(&instance_); |
| 239 return reinterpret_cast<Type*>(value); | 242 return reinterpret_cast<Type*>(value); |
| 240 } | 243 } |
| 241 | 244 |
| 242 // Object isn't created yet, maybe we will get to create it, let's try... | 245 // Object isn't created yet, maybe we will get to create it, let's try... |
| 243 if (base::subtle::Acquire_CompareAndSwap( | 246 if (base::subtle::Acquire_CompareAndSwap( |
| 244 &instance_, 0, base::internal::kBeingCreatedMarker) == 0) { | 247 &instance_, 0, base::internal::kBeingCreatedMarker) == 0) { |
| 245 // instance_ was NULL and is now kBeingCreatedMarker. Only one thread | 248 // instance_ was NULL and is now kBeingCreatedMarker. Only one thread |
| 246 // will ever get here. Threads might be spinning on us, and they will | 249 // will ever get here. Threads might be spinning on us, and they will |
| 247 // stop right after we do this store. | 250 // stop right after we do this store. |
| 248 Type* newval = Traits::New(); | 251 Type* newval = Traits::New(); |
| 249 | 252 |
| 253 // This annotation helps race detectors recognize correct lock-less |
| 254 // synchronization between different threads calling get(). |
| 255 // See the corresponding HAPPENS_AFTER below and above. |
| 256 ANNOTATE_HAPPENS_BEFORE(&instance_); |
| 250 // Releases the visibility over instance_ to the readers. | 257 // Releases the visibility over instance_ to the readers. |
| 251 base::subtle::Release_Store( | 258 base::subtle::Release_Store( |
| 252 &instance_, reinterpret_cast<base::subtle::AtomicWord>(newval)); | 259 &instance_, reinterpret_cast<base::subtle::AtomicWord>(newval)); |
| 253 | 260 |
| 254 if (newval != NULL && Traits::kRegisterAtExit) | 261 if (newval != NULL && Traits::kRegisterAtExit) |
| 255 base::AtExitManager::RegisterCallback(OnExit, NULL); | 262 base::AtExitManager::RegisterCallback(OnExit, NULL); |
| 256 | 263 |
| 257 return newval; | 264 return newval; |
| 258 } | 265 } |
| 259 | 266 |
| 260 // We hit a race. Wait for the other thread to complete it. | 267 // We hit a race. Wait for the other thread to complete it. |
| 261 value = base::internal::WaitForInstance(&instance_); | 268 value = base::internal::WaitForInstance(&instance_); |
| 262 | 269 |
| 270 // See the corresponding HAPPENS_BEFORE above. |
| 271 ANNOTATE_HAPPENS_AFTER(&instance_); |
| 263 return reinterpret_cast<Type*>(value); | 272 return reinterpret_cast<Type*>(value); |
| 264 } | 273 } |
| 265 | 274 |
| 266 // Adapter function for use with AtExit(). This should be called single | 275 // Adapter function for use with AtExit(). This should be called single |
| 267 // threaded, so don't use atomic operations. | 276 // threaded, so don't use atomic operations. |
| 268 // Calling OnExit while singleton is in use by other threads is a mistake. | 277 // Calling OnExit while singleton is in use by other threads is a mistake. |
| 269 static void OnExit(void* /*unused*/) { | 278 static void OnExit(void* /*unused*/) { |
| 270 // AtExit should only ever be register after the singleton instance was | 279 // AtExit should only ever be register after the singleton instance was |
| 271 // created. We should only ever get here with a valid instance_ pointer. | 280 // created. We should only ever get here with a valid instance_ pointer. |
| 272 Traits::Delete( | 281 Traits::Delete( |
| 273 reinterpret_cast<Type*>(base::subtle::NoBarrier_Load(&instance_))); | 282 reinterpret_cast<Type*>(base::subtle::NoBarrier_Load(&instance_))); |
| 274 instance_ = 0; | 283 instance_ = 0; |
| 275 } | 284 } |
| 276 static base::subtle::AtomicWord instance_; | 285 static base::subtle::AtomicWord instance_; |
| 277 }; | 286 }; |
| 278 | 287 |
| 279 template <typename Type, typename Traits, typename DifferentiatingType> | 288 template <typename Type, typename Traits, typename DifferentiatingType> |
| 280 base::subtle::AtomicWord Singleton<Type, Traits, DifferentiatingType>:: | 289 base::subtle::AtomicWord Singleton<Type, Traits, DifferentiatingType>:: |
| 281 instance_ = 0; | 290 instance_ = 0; |
| 282 | 291 |
| 283 #endif // BASE_MEMORY_SINGLETON_H_ | 292 #endif // BASE_MEMORY_SINGLETON_H_ |
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