Encode JSON key IDs and keys as base64url

media/cdm/json_web_key.cc

 // Copyright 2013 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
 // found in the LICENSE file.
 
 #include "media/cdm/json_web_key.h"
 
 #include "base/base64.h"
 #include "base/json/json_reader.h"
 #include "base/json/json_string_value_serializer.h"
 #include "base/json/string_escape.h"
 #include "base/logging.h"
 #include "base/memory/scoped_ptr.h"
 #include "base/strings/string_util.h"
 #include "base/values.h"
 
 namespace media {
 
 const char kKeysTag[] = "keys";
 const char kKeyTypeTag[] = "kty";
 const char kKeyTypeOct[] = "oct";  // Octet sequence.
 const char kAlgTag[] = "alg";
 const char kAlgA128KW[] = "A128KW";  // AES key wrap using a 128-bit key.
 const char kKeyTag[] = "k";
 const char kKeyIdTag[] = "kid";
 const char kKeyIdsTag[] = "kids";
 const char kBase64Padding = '=';
+const char kBase64Plus[] = "+";
+const char kBase64UrlPlusReplacement[] = "-";
+const char kBase64Slash[] = "/";
+const char kBase64UrlSlashReplacement[] = "_";
 const char kTypeTag[] = "type";
 const char kTemporarySession[] = "temporary";
 const char kPersistentLicenseSession[] = "persistent-license";
 const char kPersistentReleaseMessageSession[] = "persistent-release-message";
 
-// Encodes |input| into a base64 string without padding.
-static std::string EncodeBase64(const uint8* input, int input_length) {
+// Encodes |input| into a base64url string without padding.
+static std::string EncodeBase64Url(const uint8* input, int input_length) {
   std::string encoded_text;
   base::Base64Encode(
       std::string(reinterpret_cast<const char*>(input), input_length),
       &encoded_text);
 
   // Remove any padding characters added by Base64Encode().
   size_t found = encoded_text.find_last_not_of(kBase64Padding);
   if (found != std::string::npos)
     encoded_text.erase(found + 1);
 
+  // base64url encoding means the characters '-' and '_' must be used
+  // instead of '+' and '/', respectively.
+  base::ReplaceChars(encoded_text, kBase64Plus, kBase64UrlPlusReplacement,
+                     &encoded_text);
+  base::ReplaceChars(encoded_text, kBase64Slash, kBase64UrlSlashReplacement,
+                     &encoded_text);
+
   return encoded_text;
 }
 
-// Decodes an unpadded base64 string. Returns empty string on error.
-static std::string DecodeBase64(const std::string& encoded_text) {
+// Decodes a base64url string. Returns empty string on error.
+static std::string DecodeBase64Url(const std::string& encoded_text) {
   // EME spec doesn't allow padding characters.
   if (encoded_text.find_first_of(kBase64Padding) != std::string::npos) {
     DVLOG(1) << "Padding characters not allowed: " << encoded_text;
     return std::string();
   }
+  // TODO(jrummell): Enable once blink tests updated to use base64url encoding.
+  //if (encoded_text.find(kBase64Plus) != std::string::npos) {
+  //  DVLOG(1) << "Base64 '+' characters not allowed: " << encoded_text;
+  //  return std::string();
+  //}
+  //if (encoded_text.find(kBase64Slash) != std::string::npos) {
+  //  DVLOG(1) << "Base64 '/' characters not allowed: " << encoded_text;
+  //  return std::string();
+  //}
 
   // Since base::Base64Decode() requires padding characters, add them so length
   // of |encoded_text| is exactly a multiple of 4.
   size_t num_last_grouping_chars = encoded_text.length() % 4;
   std::string modified_text = encoded_text;
   if (num_last_grouping_chars > 0)
     modified_text.append(4 - num_last_grouping_chars, kBase64Padding);
 
+  // base64url encoding means the characters '-' and '_' must be used
+  // instead of '+' and '/', respectively, so replace them before calling
+  // base::Base64Decode().
+  base::ReplaceChars(modified_text, kBase64UrlPlusReplacement, kBase64Plus,
+                     &modified_text);
+  base::ReplaceChars(modified_text, kBase64UrlSlashReplacement, kBase64Slash,
+                     &modified_text);
+
   std::string decoded_text;
   if (!base::Base64Decode(modified_text, &decoded_text)) {
     DVLOG(1) << "Base64 decoding failed on: " << modified_text;
     return std::string();
   }
 
   return decoded_text;
 }
 
 std::string GenerateJWKSet(const uint8* key, int key_length,
                            const uint8* key_id, int key_id_length) {
   // Both |key| and |key_id| need to be base64 encoded strings in the JWK.
-  std::string key_base64 = EncodeBase64(key, key_length);
-  std::string key_id_base64 = EncodeBase64(key_id, key_id_length);
+  std::string key_base64 = EncodeBase64Url(key, key_length);
+  std::string key_id_base64 = EncodeBase64Url(key_id, key_id_length);
 
   // Create the JWK, and wrap it into a JWK Set.
   scoped_ptr<base::DictionaryValue> jwk(new base::DictionaryValue());
   jwk->SetString(kKeyTypeTag, kKeyTypeOct);
   jwk->SetString(kAlgTag, kAlgA128KW);
   jwk->SetString(kKeyTag, key_base64);
   jwk->SetString(kKeyIdTag, key_id_base64);
   scoped_ptr<base::ListValue> list(new base::ListValue());
   list->Append(jwk.release());
   base::DictionaryValue jwk_set;
@@ skipping 28 matching lines @@
   if (!jwk.GetString(kKeyIdTag, &encoded_key_id)) {
     DVLOG(1) << "Missing '" << kKeyIdTag << "' parameter";
     return false;
   }
   if (!jwk.GetString(kKeyTag, &encoded_key)) {
     DVLOG(1) << "Missing '" << kKeyTag << "' parameter";
     return false;
   }
 
   // Key ID and key are base64-encoded strings, so decode them.
-  std::string raw_key_id = DecodeBase64(encoded_key_id);
+  std::string raw_key_id = DecodeBase64Url(encoded_key_id);
   if (raw_key_id.empty()) {
     DVLOG(1) << "Invalid '" << kKeyIdTag << "' value: " << encoded_key_id;
     return false;
   }
 
-  std::string raw_key = DecodeBase64(encoded_key);
+  std::string raw_key = DecodeBase64Url(encoded_key);
   if (raw_key.empty()) {
     DVLOG(1) << "Invalid '" << kKeyTag << "' value: " << encoded_key;
     return false;
   }
 
   // Add the decoded key ID and the decoded key to the list.
   *jwk_key = std::make_pair(raw_key_id, raw_key);
   return true;
 }
 
@@ skipping 65 matching lines @@
   return true;
 }
 
 void CreateLicenseRequest(const uint8* key_id,
                           int key_id_length,
                           MediaKeys::SessionType session_type,
                           std::vector<uint8>* license) {
   // Create the license request.
   scoped_ptr<base::DictionaryValue> request(new base::DictionaryValue());
   scoped_ptr<base::ListValue> list(new base::ListValue());
-  list->AppendString(EncodeBase64(key_id, key_id_length));
+  list->AppendString(EncodeBase64Url(key_id, key_id_length));
   request->Set(kKeyIdsTag, list.release());
 
   switch (session_type) {
     case MediaKeys::TEMPORARY_SESSION:
       request->SetString(kTypeTag, kTemporarySession);
       break;
     case MediaKeys::PERSISTENT_LICENSE_SESSION:
       request->SetString(kTypeTag, kPersistentLicenseSession);
       break;
     case MediaKeys::PERSISTENT_RELEASE_MESSAGE_SESSION:
@@ skipping 41 matching lines @@
     DVLOG(1) << "Empty '" << kKeyIdsTag << "' list";
     return false;
   }
 
   std::string encoded_key;
   if (!list_val->GetString(0, &encoded_key)) {
     DVLOG(1) << "First entry in '" << kKeyIdsTag << "' not a string";
     return false;
   }
 
-  std::string decoded_string = DecodeBase64(encoded_key);
+  std::string decoded_string = DecodeBase64Url(encoded_key);
   if (decoded_string.empty()) {
     DVLOG(1) << "Invalid '" << kKeyIdsTag << "' value: " << encoded_key;
     return false;
   }
 
   std::vector<uint8> result(decoded_string.begin(), decoded_string.end());
   first_key->swap(result);
   return true;
 }
 
 }  // namespace media