Upstream "nsurl_util.{h,mm}" from Chrome on iOS repository.

url/mac/url_conversions.mm

+// Copyright 2012 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#import "url/mac/url_conversions.h"
+
+#import <Foundation/Foundation.h>
+
+#include "base/logging.h"
+#include "base/mac/scoped_nsobject.h"
+#include "base/strings/sys_string_conversions.h"
+#include "url/gurl.h"
+
+#if defined(OS_MACOSX) && !defined(OS_IOS)
+#include "base/mac/mac_util.h"
+#include "base/mac/sdk_forward_declarations.h"
+#endif  // defined(OS_MACOSX) && !defined(OS_IOS)
+
+#if defined(OS_IOS)
+#include "base/ios/ios_util.h"
+#endif  // defined(OS_IOS)
+
+namespace {
+
+// This function must only be called on OSX 10.7+ or iOS 4+.
+// Returns a valid NSURL (compliant with RFC 1738/1808/2396) from an NSString
+// that can contain any UTF-8 characters, representing a URI.
+// If the input string represents a fully RFC 3986-compliant URI the resulting
+// NSURL will be have the minimum conversion applied to be a valid NSURL with
+// minimum damage to the intention of the RFC 3986-compliant URI.
+// If the string represents a non-standard URI the method will make best-effort
+// to normalize it. Note that making a URI standards-compliant while preserving
+// its intention is *not* an exact science. This is why W3C *require* sites
+// encode their own links as only the site builder knows the true link
+// intention.
+NSURL* URLWithUTF8String(const std::string& string) {
+#if defined(OS_MACOSX) && !defined(OS_IOS)
+  DCHECK(base::mac::IsOSLionOrLater());
+#endif  // defined(OS_MACOSX) && !defined(OS_IOS)
+
+#if defined(OS_IOS)
+  DCHECK(base::ios::IsRunningOnIOS7OrLater());
+#endif  // defined(OS_IOS)
+
+  // These are all the characters that NSURL *requires* to be encoded
+  // throughout.
+  // NSURL strictly enforces RFC 1738 which says:
+  //   [certain] characters are unsafe because
+  //   gateways and other transport agents are known to sometimes modify
+  //   such characters. These characters are "{", "}", "|", "\", "^", "~",
+  //   "[", "]", and "`".
+  //   All unsafe characters must always be encoded within a URL.
+  // However RFC 3986 relaxes the policy and states:
+  //   characters in the reserved set [which includes these characters]
+  //   are protected from normalization and are therefore safe to be
+  //   used by scheme-specific and producer-specific algorithms for
+  //   delimiting data subcomponents within a URI.
+  // Therefore we *can* expect these characters to appear in URIs but *should*
+  // pct-encode them for RFC 1738.
+  static NSString* replacements[] = {
+      @" ", @"%20",
+      @"\"", @"%22",
+      @"<", @"%3C",
+      @">", @"%3E",
+      @"[", @"%5B", // NSURL will encode [ itself if we don't
+      @"\\", @"%5C",
+      @"]", @"%5D", // NSURL will encode ] itself if we don't
+      @"^", @"%5E",
+      @"{", @"%7B",
+      @"|", @"%7C",
+      @"}", @"%7D",
+      @"`", @"%60"};
+  int size = arraysize(replacements);
+  base::scoped_nsobject<NSMutableString> newString([[NSMutableString alloc]
+      initWithString:(base::SysUTF8ToNSString(string))]);
+  for (int i = 0; i < size / 2; i++) {
+    [newString replaceOccurrencesOfString:replacements[i * 2]
+                               withString:replacements[i * 2 + 1]
+                                  options:NSLiteralSearch
+                                    range:NSMakeRange(0, [newString length])];
+  }
+  // RFC 1738:
+  //   The character "%" is unsafe because it is used for
+  //   encodings of other characters.
+  //   All unsafe characters must always be encoded within a URL.
+  // Conclusion; % symbols that do not begin valid pct-encoding sequences should
+  // be pct-encoded (converted to %25).
+  // However, % symbols that begin pct-encoded sequences should be left
+  // untouched as these can appear in RFC 3986-compliant URIs.
+  [newString replaceOccurrencesOfString:@"%(?![a-fA-F0-9]{2})"
+                             withString:@"%25"
+                                options:NSRegularExpressionSearch
+                                  range:NSMakeRange(0, [newString length])];
+
+  // RFC 1738:
+  //   URLs are written only with the graphic printable characters of the
+  //   US-ASCII coded character set. The octets 80-FF hexadecimal are not used
+  //   in US-ASCII. [...] the octets 00-1F and 7F hexadecimal represent control
+  //   characters; these must be encoded.
+  NSUInteger length = [newString length];
+  // String is iterated in reverse to allow easy replacement of fragments with
+  // longer strings.
+  for (NSUInteger i = [newString length] - 1; i < length; i--) {
+    unichar uc = [newString characterAtIndex:i];
+    if (uc >= 0x7F || uc < 0x20) {
+      NSString* asString;
+      if (uc == 0x7F || uc < 0x20) {
+        asString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%%%02X", uc];
+      } else if (uc <= 0x7ff) {
+        // See row '11 Bits' from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8#Design
+        asString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%%%X%%%X",
+            (6 << 5) | ((uc >> 6) & ((1 << 5) - 1)),
+            (2 << 6) | (uc & ((1 << 6) - 1))];
+      } else {
+        // See row '16 bits' from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/UTF-8#Design
+        asString = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%%%X%%%X%%%X",
+            (14 << 4) | ((uc >> 12) & ((1 << 4) - 1)),
+            (2 << 6) | ((uc >> 6) & ((1 << 6) - 1)),
+            (2 << 6) | (uc & ((1 << 6) - 1))];
+      }
+      [newString replaceCharactersInRange:NSMakeRange(i, 1)
+                               withString:asString];
+    }
+  }
+
+  // RFC 1738:
+  //   The character "#" is unsafe and should
+  //   always be encoded because it is used in World Wide Web and in other
+  //   systems to delimit a URL from a fragment/anchor identifier that might
+  //   follow it.
+  // Conclusion; valid NSURLs can contain one # symbol only. The first # symbol
+  // is likely to be a fragment divider so should be left untouched.
+  NSUInteger firstHash = [newString rangeOfString:@"#"].location;
+  if (firstHash != NSNotFound) {
+    NSUInteger searchLength = [newString length] - (firstHash + 1);
+    if (searchLength > 0) {
+      [newString replaceOccurrencesOfString:@"#"
+                                 withString:@"%23"
+                                    options:NSLiteralSearch
+                                      range:NSMakeRange(firstHash + 1,
+                                          searchLength)];
+    }
+  }
+
+  NSURL* nsUrl = [NSURL URLWithString:newString];
+  // Failure to create a valid NSURL is a program error.
+  DCHECK(nsUrl);
+  return nsUrl;
+}
+
+}  // namespace
+
+NSURL* NSURLWithGURL(const GURL& url) {
+  if (url.is_valid())
+    return URLWithUTF8String(url.spec());
+  return nil;
+}
+
+GURL GURLWithNSURL(NSURL* url) {
+  if (url)
+    return GURL([[url absoluteString] UTF8String]);
+  return GURL();
+}