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1 // Copyright (c) 2012 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved. | |
2 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be | |
3 // found in the LICENSE file. | |
4 | |
5 #include "sandbox/linux/services/broker_process.h" | |
6 | |
7 #include <fcntl.h> | |
8 #include <signal.h> | |
9 #include <sys/socket.h> | |
10 #include <sys/stat.h> | |
11 #include <sys/syscall.h> | |
12 #include <sys/types.h> | |
13 #include <sys/wait.h> | |
14 #include <unistd.h> | |
15 | |
16 #include <algorithm> | |
17 #include <string> | |
18 #include <vector> | |
19 | |
20 #include "base/basictypes.h" | |
21 #include "base/callback.h" | |
22 #include "base/compiler_specific.h" | |
23 #include "base/files/scoped_file.h" | |
24 #include "base/logging.h" | |
25 #include "base/memory/scoped_vector.h" | |
26 #include "base/pickle.h" | |
27 #include "base/posix/eintr_wrapper.h" | |
28 #include "base/posix/unix_domain_socket_linux.h" | |
29 #include "base/process/process_metrics.h" | |
30 #include "base/third_party/valgrind/valgrind.h" | |
31 #include "build/build_config.h" | |
32 #include "sandbox/linux/services/linux_syscalls.h" | |
33 | |
34 #if defined(OS_ANDROID) && !defined(MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC) | |
35 #define MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC 0x40000000 | |
36 #endif | |
37 | |
38 namespace { | |
39 | |
40 bool IsRunningOnValgrind() { return RUNNING_ON_VALGRIND; } | |
41 | |
42 // A little open(2) wrapper to handle some oddities for us. In the general case | |
43 // make a direct system call since we want to keep in control of the broker | |
44 // process' system calls profile to be able to loosely sandbox it. | |
45 int sys_open(const char* pathname, int flags) { | |
46 // Always pass a defined |mode| in case flags mistakenly contains O_CREAT. | |
47 const int mode = 0; | |
48 if (IsRunningOnValgrind()) { | |
49 // Valgrind does not support AT_FDCWD, just use libc's open() in this case. | |
50 return open(pathname, flags, mode); | |
51 } else { | |
52 return syscall(__NR_openat, AT_FDCWD, pathname, flags, mode); | |
53 } | |
54 } | |
55 | |
56 static const size_t kMaxMessageLength = 4096; | |
57 | |
58 // Some flags are local to the current process and cannot be sent over a Unix | |
59 // socket. They need special treatment from the client. | |
60 // O_CLOEXEC is tricky because in theory another thread could call execve() | |
61 // before special treatment is made on the client, so a client needs to call | |
62 // recvmsg(2) with MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC. | |
63 // To make things worse, there are two CLOEXEC related flags, FD_CLOEXEC (see | |
64 // F_GETFD in fcntl(2)) and O_CLOEXEC (see F_GETFL in fcntl(2)). O_CLOEXEC | |
65 // doesn't affect the semantics on execve(), it's merely a note that the | |
66 // descriptor was originally opened with O_CLOEXEC as a flag. And it is sent | |
67 // over unix sockets just fine, so a receiver that would (incorrectly) look at | |
68 // O_CLOEXEC instead of FD_CLOEXEC may be tricked in thinking that the file | |
69 // descriptor will or won't be closed on execve(). | |
70 static const int kCurrentProcessOpenFlagsMask = O_CLOEXEC; | |
71 | |
72 // Check whether |requested_filename| is in |allowed_file_names|. | |
73 // See GetFileNameIfAllowedToOpen() for an explanation of |file_to_open|. | |
74 // async signal safe if |file_to_open| is NULL. | |
75 // TODO(jln): assert signal safety. | |
76 bool GetFileNameInWhitelist(const std::vector<std::string>& allowed_file_names, | |
77 const char* requested_filename, | |
78 const char** file_to_open) { | |
79 if (file_to_open && *file_to_open) { | |
80 // Make sure that callers never pass a non-empty string. In case callers | |
81 // wrongly forget to check the return value and look at the string | |
82 // instead, this could catch bugs. | |
83 RAW_LOG(FATAL, "*file_to_open should be NULL"); | |
84 return false; | |
85 } | |
86 | |
87 // Look for |requested_filename| in |allowed_file_names|. | |
88 // We don't use ::find() because it takes a std::string and | |
89 // the conversion allocates memory. | |
90 std::vector<std::string>::const_iterator it; | |
91 for (it = allowed_file_names.begin(); it != allowed_file_names.end(); it++) { | |
92 if (strcmp(requested_filename, it->c_str()) == 0) { | |
93 if (file_to_open) | |
94 *file_to_open = it->c_str(); | |
95 return true; | |
96 } | |
97 } | |
98 return false; | |
99 } | |
100 | |
101 // We maintain a list of flags that have been reviewed for "sanity" and that | |
102 // we're ok to allow in the broker. | |
103 // I.e. here is where we wouldn't add O_RESET_FILE_SYSTEM. | |
104 bool IsAllowedOpenFlags(int flags) { | |
105 // First, check the access mode. | |
106 const int access_mode = flags & O_ACCMODE; | |
107 if (access_mode != O_RDONLY && access_mode != O_WRONLY && | |
108 access_mode != O_RDWR) { | |
109 return false; | |
110 } | |
111 | |
112 // We only support a 2-parameters open, so we forbid O_CREAT. | |
113 if (flags & O_CREAT) { | |
114 return false; | |
115 } | |
116 | |
117 // Some flags affect the behavior of the current process. We don't support | |
118 // them and don't allow them for now. | |
119 if (flags & kCurrentProcessOpenFlagsMask) | |
120 return false; | |
121 | |
122 // Now check that all the flags are known to us. | |
123 const int creation_and_status_flags = flags & ~O_ACCMODE; | |
124 | |
125 const int known_flags = | |
126 O_APPEND | O_ASYNC | O_CLOEXEC | O_CREAT | O_DIRECT | | |
127 O_DIRECTORY | O_EXCL | O_LARGEFILE | O_NOATIME | O_NOCTTY | | |
128 O_NOFOLLOW | O_NONBLOCK | O_NDELAY | O_SYNC | O_TRUNC; | |
129 | |
130 const int unknown_flags = ~known_flags; | |
131 const bool has_unknown_flags = creation_and_status_flags & unknown_flags; | |
132 return !has_unknown_flags; | |
133 } | |
134 | |
135 } // namespace | |
136 | |
137 namespace sandbox { | |
138 | |
139 BrokerProcess::BrokerProcess(int denied_errno, | |
140 const std::vector<std::string>& allowed_r_files, | |
141 const std::vector<std::string>& allowed_w_files, | |
142 bool fast_check_in_client, | |
143 bool quiet_failures_for_tests) | |
144 : denied_errno_(denied_errno), | |
145 initialized_(false), | |
146 is_child_(false), | |
147 fast_check_in_client_(fast_check_in_client), | |
148 quiet_failures_for_tests_(quiet_failures_for_tests), | |
149 broker_pid_(-1), | |
150 allowed_r_files_(allowed_r_files), | |
151 allowed_w_files_(allowed_w_files), | |
152 ipc_socketpair_(-1) { | |
153 } | |
154 | |
155 BrokerProcess::~BrokerProcess() { | |
156 if (initialized_ && ipc_socketpair_ != -1) { | |
157 // Closing the socket should be enough to notify the child to die, | |
158 // unless it has been duplicated. | |
159 PCHECK(0 == IGNORE_EINTR(close(ipc_socketpair_))); | |
160 PCHECK(0 == kill(broker_pid_, SIGKILL)); | |
161 siginfo_t process_info; | |
162 // Reap the child. | |
163 int ret = HANDLE_EINTR(waitid(P_PID, broker_pid_, &process_info, WEXITED)); | |
164 PCHECK(0 == ret); | |
165 } | |
166 } | |
167 | |
168 bool BrokerProcess::Init( | |
169 const base::Callback<bool(void)>& broker_process_init_callback) { | |
170 CHECK(!initialized_); | |
171 int socket_pair[2]; | |
172 // Use SOCK_SEQPACKET, because we need to preserve message boundaries | |
173 // but we also want to be notified (recvmsg should return and not block) | |
174 // when the connection has been broken (one of the processes died). | |
175 if (socketpair(AF_UNIX, SOCK_SEQPACKET, 0, socket_pair)) { | |
176 LOG(ERROR) << "Failed to create socketpair"; | |
177 return false; | |
178 } | |
179 | |
180 #if !defined(THREAD_SANITIZER) | |
181 DCHECK_EQ(1, base::GetNumberOfThreads(base::GetCurrentProcessHandle())); | |
182 #endif | |
183 int child_pid = fork(); | |
184 if (child_pid == -1) { | |
185 close(socket_pair[0]); | |
186 close(socket_pair[1]); | |
187 return false; | |
188 } | |
189 if (child_pid) { | |
190 // We are the parent and we have just forked our broker process. | |
191 close(socket_pair[0]); | |
192 // We should only be able to write to the IPC channel. We'll always send | |
193 // a new file descriptor to receive the reply on. | |
194 shutdown(socket_pair[1], SHUT_RD); | |
195 ipc_socketpair_ = socket_pair[1]; | |
196 is_child_ = false; | |
197 broker_pid_ = child_pid; | |
198 initialized_ = true; | |
199 return true; | |
200 } else { | |
201 // We are the broker. | |
202 close(socket_pair[1]); | |
203 // We should only be able to read from this IPC channel. We will send our | |
204 // replies on a new file descriptor attached to the requests. | |
205 shutdown(socket_pair[0], SHUT_WR); | |
206 ipc_socketpair_ = socket_pair[0]; | |
207 is_child_ = true; | |
208 CHECK(broker_process_init_callback.Run()); | |
209 initialized_ = true; | |
210 for (;;) { | |
211 HandleRequest(); | |
212 } | |
213 _exit(1); | |
214 } | |
215 NOTREACHED(); | |
216 } | |
217 | |
218 int BrokerProcess::Access(const char* pathname, int mode) const { | |
219 return PathAndFlagsSyscall(kCommandAccess, pathname, mode); | |
220 } | |
221 | |
222 int BrokerProcess::Open(const char* pathname, int flags) const { | |
223 return PathAndFlagsSyscall(kCommandOpen, pathname, flags); | |
224 } | |
225 | |
226 // Make a remote system call over IPC for syscalls that take a path and flags | |
227 // as arguments, currently open() and access(). | |
228 // Will return -errno like a real system call. | |
229 // This function needs to be async signal safe. | |
230 int BrokerProcess::PathAndFlagsSyscall(enum IPCCommands syscall_type, | |
231 const char* pathname, int flags) const { | |
232 int recvmsg_flags = 0; | |
233 RAW_CHECK(initialized_); // async signal safe CHECK(). | |
234 RAW_CHECK(syscall_type == kCommandOpen || syscall_type == kCommandAccess); | |
235 if (!pathname) | |
236 return -EFAULT; | |
237 | |
238 // For this "remote system call" to work, we need to handle any flag that | |
239 // cannot be sent over a Unix socket in a special way. | |
240 // See the comments around kCurrentProcessOpenFlagsMask. | |
241 if (syscall_type == kCommandOpen && (flags & kCurrentProcessOpenFlagsMask)) { | |
242 // This implementation only knows about O_CLOEXEC, someone needs to look at | |
243 // this code if other flags are added. | |
244 RAW_CHECK(kCurrentProcessOpenFlagsMask == O_CLOEXEC); | |
245 recvmsg_flags |= MSG_CMSG_CLOEXEC; | |
246 flags &= ~O_CLOEXEC; | |
247 } | |
248 | |
249 // There is no point in forwarding a request that we know will be denied. | |
250 // Of course, the real security check needs to be on the other side of the | |
251 // IPC. | |
252 if (fast_check_in_client_) { | |
253 if (syscall_type == kCommandOpen && | |
254 !GetFileNameIfAllowedToOpen(pathname, flags, NULL)) { | |
255 return -denied_errno_; | |
256 } | |
257 if (syscall_type == kCommandAccess && | |
258 !GetFileNameIfAllowedToAccess(pathname, flags, NULL)) { | |
259 return -denied_errno_; | |
260 } | |
261 } | |
262 | |
263 Pickle write_pickle; | |
264 write_pickle.WriteInt(syscall_type); | |
265 write_pickle.WriteString(pathname); | |
266 write_pickle.WriteInt(flags); | |
267 RAW_CHECK(write_pickle.size() <= kMaxMessageLength); | |
268 | |
269 int returned_fd = -1; | |
270 uint8_t reply_buf[kMaxMessageLength]; | |
271 | |
272 // Send a request (in write_pickle) as well that will include a new | |
273 // temporary socketpair (created internally by SendRecvMsg()). | |
274 // Then read the reply on this new socketpair in reply_buf and put an | |
275 // eventual attached file descriptor in |returned_fd|. | |
276 ssize_t msg_len = UnixDomainSocket::SendRecvMsgWithFlags(ipc_socketpair_, | |
277 reply_buf, | |
278 sizeof(reply_buf), | |
279 recvmsg_flags, | |
280 &returned_fd, | |
281 write_pickle); | |
282 if (msg_len <= 0) { | |
283 if (!quiet_failures_for_tests_) | |
284 RAW_LOG(ERROR, "Could not make request to broker process"); | |
285 return -ENOMEM; | |
286 } | |
287 | |
288 Pickle read_pickle(reinterpret_cast<char*>(reply_buf), msg_len); | |
289 PickleIterator iter(read_pickle); | |
290 int return_value = -1; | |
291 // Now deserialize the return value and eventually return the file | |
292 // descriptor. | |
293 if (read_pickle.ReadInt(&iter, &return_value)) { | |
294 switch (syscall_type) { | |
295 case kCommandAccess: | |
296 // We should never have a fd to return. | |
297 RAW_CHECK(returned_fd == -1); | |
298 return return_value; | |
299 case kCommandOpen: | |
300 if (return_value < 0) { | |
301 RAW_CHECK(returned_fd == -1); | |
302 return return_value; | |
303 } else { | |
304 // We have a real file descriptor to return. | |
305 RAW_CHECK(returned_fd >= 0); | |
306 return returned_fd; | |
307 } | |
308 default: | |
309 RAW_LOG(ERROR, "Unsupported command"); | |
310 return -ENOSYS; | |
311 } | |
312 } else { | |
313 RAW_LOG(ERROR, "Could not read pickle"); | |
314 NOTREACHED(); | |
315 return -ENOMEM; | |
316 } | |
317 } | |
318 | |
319 // Handle a request on the IPC channel ipc_socketpair_. | |
320 // A request should have a file descriptor attached on which we will reply and | |
321 // that we will then close. | |
322 // A request should start with an int that will be used as the command type. | |
323 bool BrokerProcess::HandleRequest() const { | |
324 ScopedVector<base::ScopedFD> fds; | |
325 char buf[kMaxMessageLength]; | |
326 errno = 0; | |
327 const ssize_t msg_len = UnixDomainSocket::RecvMsg(ipc_socketpair_, buf, | |
328 sizeof(buf), &fds); | |
329 | |
330 if (msg_len == 0 || (msg_len == -1 && errno == ECONNRESET)) { | |
331 // EOF from our parent, or our parent died, we should die. | |
332 _exit(0); | |
333 } | |
334 | |
335 // The parent should send exactly one file descriptor, on which we | |
336 // will write the reply. | |
337 // TODO(mdempsky): ScopedVector doesn't have 'at()', only 'operator[]'. | |
338 if (msg_len < 0 || fds.size() != 1 || fds[0]->get() < 0) { | |
339 PLOG(ERROR) << "Error reading message from the client"; | |
340 return false; | |
341 } | |
342 | |
343 base::ScopedFD temporary_ipc(fds[0]->Pass()); | |
344 | |
345 Pickle pickle(buf, msg_len); | |
346 PickleIterator iter(pickle); | |
347 int command_type; | |
348 if (pickle.ReadInt(&iter, &command_type)) { | |
349 bool r = false; | |
350 // Go through all the possible IPC messages. | |
351 switch (command_type) { | |
352 case kCommandAccess: | |
353 case kCommandOpen: | |
354 // We reply on the file descriptor sent to us via the IPC channel. | |
355 r = HandleRemoteCommand(static_cast<IPCCommands>(command_type), | |
356 temporary_ipc.get(), pickle, iter); | |
357 break; | |
358 default: | |
359 NOTREACHED(); | |
360 r = false; | |
361 break; | |
362 } | |
363 return r; | |
364 } | |
365 | |
366 LOG(ERROR) << "Error parsing IPC request"; | |
367 return false; | |
368 } | |
369 | |
370 // Handle a |command_type| request contained in |read_pickle| and send the reply | |
371 // on |reply_ipc|. | |
372 // Currently kCommandOpen and kCommandAccess are supported. | |
373 bool BrokerProcess::HandleRemoteCommand(IPCCommands command_type, int reply_ipc, | |
374 const Pickle& read_pickle, | |
375 PickleIterator iter) const { | |
376 // Currently all commands have two arguments: filename and flags. | |
377 std::string requested_filename; | |
378 int flags = 0; | |
379 if (!read_pickle.ReadString(&iter, &requested_filename) || | |
380 !read_pickle.ReadInt(&iter, &flags)) { | |
381 return -1; | |
382 } | |
383 | |
384 Pickle write_pickle; | |
385 std::vector<int> opened_files; | |
386 | |
387 switch (command_type) { | |
388 case kCommandAccess: | |
389 AccessFileForIPC(requested_filename, flags, &write_pickle); | |
390 break; | |
391 case kCommandOpen: | |
392 OpenFileForIPC(requested_filename, flags, &write_pickle, &opened_files); | |
393 break; | |
394 default: | |
395 LOG(ERROR) << "Invalid IPC command"; | |
396 break; | |
397 } | |
398 | |
399 CHECK_LE(write_pickle.size(), kMaxMessageLength); | |
400 ssize_t sent = UnixDomainSocket::SendMsg(reply_ipc, write_pickle.data(), | |
401 write_pickle.size(), opened_files); | |
402 | |
403 // Close anything we have opened in this process. | |
404 for (std::vector<int>::iterator it = opened_files.begin(); | |
405 it != opened_files.end(); ++it) { | |
406 int ret = IGNORE_EINTR(close(*it)); | |
407 DCHECK(!ret) << "Could not close file descriptor"; | |
408 } | |
409 | |
410 if (sent <= 0) { | |
411 LOG(ERROR) << "Could not send IPC reply"; | |
412 return false; | |
413 } | |
414 return true; | |
415 } | |
416 | |
417 // Perform access(2) on |requested_filename| with mode |mode| if allowed by our | |
418 // policy. Write the syscall return value (-errno) to |write_pickle|. | |
419 void BrokerProcess::AccessFileForIPC(const std::string& requested_filename, | |
420 int mode, Pickle* write_pickle) const { | |
421 DCHECK(write_pickle); | |
422 const char* file_to_access = NULL; | |
423 const bool safe_to_access_file = GetFileNameIfAllowedToAccess( | |
424 requested_filename.c_str(), mode, &file_to_access); | |
425 | |
426 if (safe_to_access_file) { | |
427 CHECK(file_to_access); | |
428 int access_ret = access(file_to_access, mode); | |
429 int access_errno = errno; | |
430 if (!access_ret) | |
431 write_pickle->WriteInt(0); | |
432 else | |
433 write_pickle->WriteInt(-access_errno); | |
434 } else { | |
435 write_pickle->WriteInt(-denied_errno_); | |
436 } | |
437 } | |
438 | |
439 // Open |requested_filename| with |flags| if allowed by our policy. | |
440 // Write the syscall return value (-errno) to |write_pickle| and append | |
441 // a file descriptor to |opened_files| if relevant. | |
442 void BrokerProcess::OpenFileForIPC(const std::string& requested_filename, | |
443 int flags, Pickle* write_pickle, | |
444 std::vector<int>* opened_files) const { | |
445 DCHECK(write_pickle); | |
446 DCHECK(opened_files); | |
447 const char* file_to_open = NULL; | |
448 const bool safe_to_open_file = GetFileNameIfAllowedToOpen( | |
449 requested_filename.c_str(), flags, &file_to_open); | |
450 | |
451 if (safe_to_open_file) { | |
452 CHECK(file_to_open); | |
453 int opened_fd = sys_open(file_to_open, flags); | |
454 if (opened_fd < 0) { | |
455 write_pickle->WriteInt(-errno); | |
456 } else { | |
457 // Success. | |
458 opened_files->push_back(opened_fd); | |
459 write_pickle->WriteInt(0); | |
460 } | |
461 } else { | |
462 write_pickle->WriteInt(-denied_errno_); | |
463 } | |
464 } | |
465 | |
466 | |
467 // Check if calling access() should be allowed on |requested_filename| with | |
468 // mode |requested_mode|. | |
469 // Note: access() being a system call to check permissions, this can get a bit | |
470 // confusing. We're checking if calling access() should even be allowed with | |
471 // the same policy we would use for open(). | |
472 // If |file_to_access| is not NULL, we will return the matching pointer from | |
473 // the whitelist. For paranoia a caller should then use |file_to_access|. See | |
474 // GetFileNameIfAllowedToOpen() fore more explanation. | |
475 // return true if calling access() on this file should be allowed, false | |
476 // otherwise. | |
477 // Async signal safe if and only if |file_to_access| is NULL. | |
478 bool BrokerProcess::GetFileNameIfAllowedToAccess(const char* requested_filename, | |
479 int requested_mode, const char** file_to_access) const { | |
480 // First, check if |requested_mode| is existence, ability to read or ability | |
481 // to write. We do not support X_OK. | |
482 if (requested_mode != F_OK && | |
483 requested_mode & ~(R_OK | W_OK)) { | |
484 return false; | |
485 } | |
486 switch (requested_mode) { | |
487 case F_OK: | |
488 // We allow to check for file existence if we can either read or write. | |
489 return GetFileNameInWhitelist(allowed_r_files_, requested_filename, | |
490 file_to_access) || | |
491 GetFileNameInWhitelist(allowed_w_files_, requested_filename, | |
492 file_to_access); | |
493 case R_OK: | |
494 return GetFileNameInWhitelist(allowed_r_files_, requested_filename, | |
495 file_to_access); | |
496 case W_OK: | |
497 return GetFileNameInWhitelist(allowed_w_files_, requested_filename, | |
498 file_to_access); | |
499 case R_OK | W_OK: | |
500 { | |
501 bool allowed_for_read_and_write = | |
502 GetFileNameInWhitelist(allowed_r_files_, requested_filename, NULL) && | |
503 GetFileNameInWhitelist(allowed_w_files_, requested_filename, | |
504 file_to_access); | |
505 return allowed_for_read_and_write; | |
506 } | |
507 default: | |
508 return false; | |
509 } | |
510 } | |
511 | |
512 // Check if |requested_filename| can be opened with flags |requested_flags|. | |
513 // If |file_to_open| is not NULL, we will return the matching pointer from the | |
514 // whitelist. For paranoia, a caller should then use |file_to_open| rather | |
515 // than |requested_filename|, so that it never attempts to open an | |
516 // attacker-controlled file name, even if an attacker managed to fool the | |
517 // string comparison mechanism. | |
518 // Return true if opening should be allowed, false otherwise. | |
519 // Async signal safe if and only if |file_to_open| is NULL. | |
520 bool BrokerProcess::GetFileNameIfAllowedToOpen(const char* requested_filename, | |
521 int requested_flags, const char** file_to_open) const { | |
522 if (!IsAllowedOpenFlags(requested_flags)) { | |
523 return false; | |
524 } | |
525 switch (requested_flags & O_ACCMODE) { | |
526 case O_RDONLY: | |
527 return GetFileNameInWhitelist(allowed_r_files_, requested_filename, | |
528 file_to_open); | |
529 case O_WRONLY: | |
530 return GetFileNameInWhitelist(allowed_w_files_, requested_filename, | |
531 file_to_open); | |
532 case O_RDWR: | |
533 { | |
534 bool allowed_for_read_and_write = | |
535 GetFileNameInWhitelist(allowed_r_files_, requested_filename, NULL) && | |
536 GetFileNameInWhitelist(allowed_w_files_, requested_filename, | |
537 file_to_open); | |
538 return allowed_for_read_and_write; | |
539 } | |
540 default: | |
541 return false; | |
542 } | |
543 } | |
544 | |
545 } // namespace sandbox. | |
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