Check in the pristine copy of ICU 4.6...

icu46/source/test/cintltst/custrtrn.c

+/********************************************************************
+ * COPYRIGHT:
+ * Copyright (c) 2001-2010, International Business Machines Corporation and
+ * others. All Rights Reserved.
+ ********************************************************************/
+/********************************************************************************
+*
+* File custrtrn.C
+*
+* Modification History:
+*        Name                     Description
+*        Ram                      String transformations test
+*********************************************************************************
+*/
+/****************************************************************************/
+
+
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "unicode/utypes.h"
+#include "unicode/ustring.h"
+#include "unicode/ures.h"
+#include "ustr_imp.h"
+#include "cintltst.h"
+#include "cmemory.h"
+#include "cstring.h"
+#include "cwchar.h"
+
+#define LENGTHOF(array) (int32_t)(sizeof(array)/sizeof((array)[0]))
+
+void addUCharTransformTest(TestNode** root);
+
+static void Test_strToUTF32(void);
+static void Test_strToUTF32_surrogates(void);
+static void Test_strFromUTF32(void);
+static void Test_strFromUTF32_surrogates(void);
+static void Test_UChar_UTF8_API(void);
+static void Test_FromUTF8(void);
+static void Test_FromUTF8Lenient(void);
+static void Test_UChar_WCHART_API(void);
+static void Test_widestrs(void);
+static void Test_WCHART_LongString(void);
+static void Test_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(void);
+static void Test_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8(void);
+static void TestNullEmptySource(void);
+
+void 
+addUCharTransformTest(TestNode** root)
+{
+   addTest(root, &Test_strToUTF32, "custrtrn/Test_strToUTF32");
+   addTest(root, &Test_strToUTF32_surrogates, "custrtrn/Test_strToUTF32_surrogates");
+   addTest(root, &Test_strFromUTF32, "custrtrn/Test_strFromUTF32");
+   addTest(root, &Test_strFromUTF32_surrogates, "custrtrn/Test_strFromUTF32_surrogates");
+   addTest(root, &Test_UChar_UTF8_API, "custrtrn/Test_UChar_UTF8_API");
+   addTest(root, &Test_FromUTF8, "custrtrn/Test_FromUTF8");
+   addTest(root, &Test_FromUTF8Lenient, "custrtrn/Test_FromUTF8Lenient");
+   addTest(root, &Test_UChar_WCHART_API,  "custrtrn/Test_UChar_WCHART_API");
+   addTest(root, &Test_widestrs,  "custrtrn/Test_widestrs");
+#if !UCONFIG_NO_FILE_IO && !UCONFIG_NO_LEGACY_CONVERSION
+   addTest(root, &Test_WCHART_LongString, "custrtrn/Test_WCHART_LongString");
+#endif
+   addTest(root, &Test_strToJavaModifiedUTF8,  "custrtrn/Test_strToJavaModifiedUTF8");
+   addTest(root, &Test_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8,  "custrtrn/Test_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8");
+   addTest(root, &TestNullEmptySource,  "custrtrn/TestNullEmptySource");
+}
+
+static const UChar32 src32[]={
+    0x00A8, 0x3003, 0x3005, 0x2015, 0xFF5E, 0x2016, 0x2026, 0x2018, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x2019, 0x201C, 0x201D, 0x3014, 0x3015, 0x3008, 0x3009, 0x300A, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x300B, 0x300C, 0x300D, 0x300E, 0x300F, 0x3016, 0x3017, 0x3010, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x3011, 0x00B1, 0x00D7, 0x00F7, 0x2236, 0x2227, 0x7FC1, 0x8956, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x9D2C, 0x9D0E, 0x9EC4, 0x5CA1, 0x6C96, 0x837B, 0x5104, 0x5C4B, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x61B6, 0x81C6, 0x6876, 0x7261, 0x4E59, 0x4FFA, 0x5378, 0x57F7, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x57F4, 0x57F9, 0x57FA, 0x57FC, 0x5800, 0x5802, 0x5805, 0x5806, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x580A, 0x581E, 0x6BB5, 0x6BB7, 0x6BBA, 0x6BBC, 0x9CE2, 0x977C, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x6BBF, 0x6BC1, 0x6BC5, 0x6BC6, 0x6BCB, 0x6BCD, 0x6BCF, 0x6BD2, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x6BD3, 0x6BD4, 0x6BD6, 0x6BD7, 0x6BD8, 0x6BDB, 0x6BEB, 0x6BEC, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x6C05, 0x6C08, 0x6C0F, 0x6C11, 0x6C13, 0x6C23, 0x6C34, 0x0041, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x0043, 0x0044, 0x0045, 0x0046, 0x0047, 0x0048, 0x0049, 0x004A, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x004B, 0x004C, 0x004D, 0x004E, 0x004F, 0x0050, 0x0051, 0x0052, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x0053, 0x0054, 0x0055, 0x0056, 0x0057, 0x0058, 0x0059, 0x005A, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x005B, 0x9792, 0x9CCC, 0x9CCD, 0x9CCE, 0x9CCF, 0x9CD0, 0x9CD3, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x9CD4, 0x9CD5, 0x9CD7, 0x9CD8, 0x9CD9, 0x9CDC, 0x9CDD, 0x9CDF, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x9785, 0x9791, 0x00BD, 0x0390, 0x0385, 0x0386, 0x0388, 0x0389, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x038E, 0x038F, 0x0390, 0x0391, 0x0392, 0x0393, 0x0394, 0x0395, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x0396, 0x0397, 0x0398, 0x0399, 0x039A, 0x038A, 0x038C, 0x039C, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    /* test non-BMP code points */
+    0x0002A699,
+    0x0002A69C, 0x0002A69D, 0x0002A69E, 0x0002A69F, 0x0002A6A0, 0x0002A6A5, 0x0002A6A6, 0x0002A6A7, 0x0002A6A8, 0x0002A6AB,
+    0x0002A6AC, 0x0002A6AD, 0x0002A6AE, 0x0002A6AF, 0x0002A6B0, 0x0002A6B1, 0x0002A6B3, 0x0002A6B5, 0x0002A6B6, 0x0002A6B7,
+    0x0002A6B8, 0x0002A6B9, 0x0002A6BA, 0x0002A6BB, 0x0002A6BC, 0x0002A6BD, 0x0002A6BE, 0x0002A6BF, 0x0002A6C0, 0x0002A6C1,
+    0x0002A6C2, 0x0002A6C3, 0x0002A6C4, 0x0002A6C8, 0x0002A6CA, 0x0002A6CB, 0x0002A6CD, 0x0002A6CE, 0x0002A6CF, 0x0002A6D0,
+    0x0002A6D1, 0x0002A6D2, 0x0002A6D3, 0x0002A6D4, 0x0002A6D5,
+
+    0x4DB3, 0x4DB4, 0x4DB5, 0x4E00, 0x4E00, 0x4E01, 0x4E02, 0x4E03, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x0392, 0x0393, 0x0394, 0x0395, 0x0396, 0x0397, 0x33E0, 0x33E6, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x4E05, 0x4E07, 0x4E04, 0x4E08, 0x4E08, 0x4E09, 0x4E0A, 0x4E0B, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x4E0C, 0x0021, 0x0022, 0x0023, 0x0024, 0xFF40, 0xFF41, 0xFF42, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0xFF43, 0xFF44, 0xFF45, 0xFF46, 0xFF47, 0xFF48, 0xFF49, 0xFF4A, 0x000D, 0x000A,0x0000 
+};
+
+static const UChar src16[] = {
+    0x00A8, 0x3003, 0x3005, 0x2015, 0xFF5E, 0x2016, 0x2026, 0x2018, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x2019, 0x201C, 0x201D, 0x3014, 0x3015, 0x3008, 0x3009, 0x300A, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x300B, 0x300C, 0x300D, 0x300E, 0x300F, 0x3016, 0x3017, 0x3010, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x3011, 0x00B1, 0x00D7, 0x00F7, 0x2236, 0x2227, 0x7FC1, 0x8956, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x9D2C, 0x9D0E, 0x9EC4, 0x5CA1, 0x6C96, 0x837B, 0x5104, 0x5C4B, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x61B6, 0x81C6, 0x6876, 0x7261, 0x4E59, 0x4FFA, 0x5378, 0x57F7, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x57F4, 0x57F9, 0x57FA, 0x57FC, 0x5800, 0x5802, 0x5805, 0x5806, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x580A, 0x581E, 0x6BB5, 0x6BB7, 0x6BBA, 0x6BBC, 0x9CE2, 0x977C, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x6BBF, 0x6BC1, 0x6BC5, 0x6BC6, 0x6BCB, 0x6BCD, 0x6BCF, 0x6BD2, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x6BD3, 0x6BD4, 0x6BD6, 0x6BD7, 0x6BD8, 0x6BDB, 0x6BEB, 0x6BEC, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x6C05, 0x6C08, 0x6C0F, 0x6C11, 0x6C13, 0x6C23, 0x6C34, 0x0041, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x0043, 0x0044, 0x0045, 0x0046, 0x0047, 0x0048, 0x0049, 0x004A, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x004B, 0x004C, 0x004D, 0x004E, 0x004F, 0x0050, 0x0051, 0x0052, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x0053, 0x0054, 0x0055, 0x0056, 0x0057, 0x0058, 0x0059, 0x005A, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x005B, 0x9792, 0x9CCC, 0x9CCD, 0x9CCE, 0x9CCF, 0x9CD0, 0x9CD3, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x9CD4, 0x9CD5, 0x9CD7, 0x9CD8, 0x9CD9, 0x9CDC, 0x9CDD, 0x9CDF, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x9785, 0x9791, 0x00BD, 0x0390, 0x0385, 0x0386, 0x0388, 0x0389, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x038E, 0x038F, 0x0390, 0x0391, 0x0392, 0x0393, 0x0394, 0x0395, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x0396, 0x0397, 0x0398, 0x0399, 0x039A, 0x038A, 0x038C, 0x039C, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    
+    /* test non-BMP code points */ 
+    0xD869, 0xDE99, 0xD869, 0xDE9C, 0xD869, 0xDE9D, 0xD869, 0xDE9E, 0xD869, 0xDE9F, 
+    0xD869, 0xDEA0, 0xD869, 0xDEA5, 0xD869, 0xDEA6, 0xD869, 0xDEA7, 0xD869, 0xDEA8, 
+    0xD869, 0xDEAB, 0xD869, 0xDEAC, 0xD869, 0xDEAD, 0xD869, 0xDEAE, 0xD869, 0xDEAF,
+    0xD869, 0xDEB0, 0xD869, 0xDEB1, 0xD869, 0xDEB3, 0xD869, 0xDEB5, 0xD869, 0xDEB6, 
+    0xD869, 0xDEB7, 0xD869, 0xDEB8, 0xD869, 0xDEB9, 0xD869, 0xDEBA, 0xD869, 0xDEBB, 
+    0xD869, 0xDEBC, 0xD869, 0xDEBD, 0xD869, 0xDEBE, 0xD869, 0xDEBF, 0xD869, 0xDEC0, 
+    0xD869, 0xDEC1, 0xD869, 0xDEC2, 0xD869, 0xDEC3, 0xD869, 0xDEC4, 0xD869, 0xDEC8, 
+    0xD869, 0xDECA, 0xD869, 0xDECB, 0xD869, 0xDECD, 0xD869, 0xDECE, 0xD869, 0xDECF, 
+    0xD869, 0xDED0, 0xD869, 0xDED1, 0xD869, 0xDED2, 0xD869, 0xDED3, 0xD869, 0xDED4, 
+    0xD869, 0xDED5,  
+
+    0x4DB3, 0x4DB4, 0x4DB5, 0x4E00, 0x4E00, 0x4E01, 0x4E02, 0x4E03, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x0392, 0x0393, 0x0394, 0x0395, 0x0396, 0x0397, 0x33E0, 0x33E6, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x4E05, 0x4E07, 0x4E04, 0x4E08, 0x4E08, 0x4E09, 0x4E0A, 0x4E0B, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x4E0C, 0x0021, 0x0022, 0x0023, 0x0024, 0xFF40, 0xFF41, 0xFF42, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0xFF43, 0xFF44, 0xFF45, 0xFF46, 0xFF47, 0xFF48, 0xFF49, 0xFF4A, 0x000D, 0x000A,0x0000 
+};
+
+
+static void Test_strToUTF32(void){
+    UErrorCode err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    UChar32 u32Target[400];
+    int32_t u32DestLen;
+    int i= 0;
+
+    /* first with length */
+    u32DestLen = -2;
+    u_strToUTF32(u32Target, 0, &u32DestLen, src16, LENGTHOF(src16),&err);
+    if(err != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || u32DestLen != LENGTHOF(src32)) {
+        log_err("u_strToUTF32(preflight with length): "
+                "length %ld != %ld and %s != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR\n",
+                (long)u32DestLen, (long)LENGTHOF(src32), u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR; 
+    u32DestLen = -2;
+    u_strToUTF32(u32Target, LENGTHOF(src32)+1, &u32DestLen, src16, LENGTHOF(src16),&err);
+    if(err != U_ZERO_ERROR || u32DestLen != LENGTHOF(src32)) {
+        log_err("u_strToUTF32(with length): "
+                "length %ld != %ld and %s != U_ZERO_ERROR\n",
+                (long)u32DestLen, (long)LENGTHOF(src32), u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+    /*for(i=0; i< u32DestLen; i++){
+        printf("0x%08X, ",uTarget[i]);
+        if(i%10==0){
+            printf("\n");
+        }
+    }*/
+    for(i=0; i< LENGTHOF(src32); i++){
+        if(u32Target[i] != src32[i]){
+            log_verbose("u_strToUTF32(with length) failed expected: %04X got: %04X at index: %i \n", src32[i], u32Target[i],i);
+        }
+    }
+    if(u32Target[i] != 0){
+        log_verbose("u_strToUTF32(with length) failed expected: %04X got: %04X at index: %i \n", 0, u32Target[i],i);
+    }
+
+    /* now NUL-terminated */
+    u32DestLen = -2;
+    u_strToUTF32(NULL,0, &u32DestLen, src16, -1,&err);
+    if(err != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || u32DestLen != LENGTHOF(src32)-1) {
+        log_err("u_strToUTF32(preflight with NUL-termination): "
+                "length %ld != %ld and %s != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR\n",
+                (long)u32DestLen, (long)LENGTHOF(src32)-1, u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR; 
+    u32DestLen = -2;
+    u_strToUTF32(u32Target, LENGTHOF(src32), &u32DestLen, src16, -1,&err);
+    if(err != U_ZERO_ERROR || u32DestLen != LENGTHOF(src32)-1) {
+        log_err("u_strToUTF32(with NUL-termination): "
+                "length %ld != %ld and %s != U_ZERO_ERROR\n",
+                (long)u32DestLen, (long)LENGTHOF(src32)-1, u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    for(i=0; i< LENGTHOF(src32); i++){
+        if(u32Target[i] != src32[i]){
+            log_verbose("u_strToUTF32(NUL-termination) failed expected: %04X got: %04X \n", src32[i], u32Target[i]);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/* test unpaired surrogates */
+static void Test_strToUTF32_surrogates() {
+    UErrorCode err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    UChar32 u32Target[400];
+    int32_t len16, u32DestLen;
+    int32_t numSubstitutions;
+    int i;
+
+    static const UChar surr16[] = { 0x41, 0xd900, 0x61, 0xdc00, 0x5a, 0xd900, 0xdc00, 0x7a, 0 };
+    static const UChar32 expected[] = { 0x5a, 0x50000, 0x7a, 0 };
+    static const UChar32 expected_FFFD[] = { 0x41, 0xfffd, 0x61, 0xfffd, 0x5a, 0x50000, 0x7a, 0 };
+    static const UChar32 expected_12345[] = { 0x41, 0x12345, 0x61, 0x12345, 0x5a, 0x50000, 0x7a, 0 };
+    len16 = LENGTHOF(surr16);
+    for(i = 0; i < 4; ++i) {
+        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        u_strToUTF32(u32Target, 0, &u32DestLen, surr16+i, len16-i, &err);
+        if(err != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND) {
+            log_err("u_strToUTF32(preflight surr16+%ld) sets %s != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND\n",
+                    (long)i, u_errorName(err));
+            return;
+        }
+
+        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        u_strToUTF32(u32Target, LENGTHOF(u32Target), &u32DestLen, surr16+i, len16-i, &err);
+        if(err != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND) {
+            log_err("u_strToUTF32(surr16+%ld) sets %s != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND\n",
+                    (long)i, u_errorName(err));
+            return;
+        }
+
+        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        u_strToUTF32(NULL, 0, &u32DestLen, surr16+i, -1, &err);
+        if(err != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND) {
+            log_err("u_strToUTF32(preflight surr16+%ld/NUL) sets %s != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND\n",
+                    (long)i, u_errorName(err));
+            return;
+        }
+
+        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        u_strToUTF32(u32Target, LENGTHOF(u32Target), &u32DestLen, surr16+i, -1, &err);
+        if(err != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND) {
+            log_err("u_strToUTF32(surr16+%ld/NUL) sets %s != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND\n",
+                    (long)i, u_errorName(err));
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strToUTF32(u32Target, 0, &u32DestLen, surr16+4, len16-4-1, &err);
+    if(err != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || u32DestLen != 3) {
+        log_err("u_strToUTF32(preflight surr16+4) sets %s != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR or an unexpected length\n",
+                u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strToUTF32(u32Target, LENGTHOF(u32Target), &u32DestLen, surr16+4, len16-4-1, &err);
+    if(err != U_ZERO_ERROR || u32DestLen != 3 || uprv_memcmp(u32Target, expected, 4*4)) {
+        log_err("u_strToUTF32(surr16+4) sets %s != U_ZERO_ERROR or does not produce the expected string\n",
+                u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strToUTF32(NULL, 0, &u32DestLen, surr16+4, -1, &err);
+    if(err != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || u32DestLen != 3) {
+        log_err("u_strToUTF32(preflight surr16+4/NUL) sets %s != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR or an unexpected length\n",
+                u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strToUTF32(u32Target, LENGTHOF(u32Target), &u32DestLen, surr16+4, -1, &err);
+    if(err != U_ZERO_ERROR || u32DestLen != 3 || uprv_memcmp(u32Target, expected, 4*4)) {
+        log_err("u_strToUTF32(surr16+4/NUL) sets %s != U_ZERO_ERROR or does not produce the expected string\n",
+                u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /* with substitution character */
+    numSubstitutions = -1;
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strToUTF32WithSub(u32Target, 0, &u32DestLen, surr16, len16-1, 0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &err);
+    if(err != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || u32DestLen != 7 || numSubstitutions != 2) {
+        log_err("u_strToUTF32WithSub(preflight surr16) sets %s != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR or an unexpected length\n",
+                u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strToUTF32WithSub(u32Target, LENGTHOF(u32Target), &u32DestLen, surr16, len16-1, 0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &err);
+    if(err != U_ZERO_ERROR || u32DestLen != 7 || numSubstitutions != 2 || uprv_memcmp(u32Target, expected_FFFD, 8*4)) {
+        log_err("u_strToUTF32WithSub(surr16) sets %s != U_ZERO_ERROR or does not produce the expected string\n",
+                u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strToUTF32WithSub(NULL, 0, &u32DestLen, surr16, -1, 0x12345, &numSubstitutions, &err);
+    if(err != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || u32DestLen != 7 || numSubstitutions != 2) {
+        log_err("u_strToUTF32WithSub(preflight surr16/NUL) sets %s != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR or an unexpected length\n",
+                u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strToUTF32WithSub(u32Target, LENGTHOF(u32Target), &u32DestLen, surr16, -1, 0x12345, &numSubstitutions, &err);
+    if(err != U_ZERO_ERROR || u32DestLen != 7 || numSubstitutions != 2 || uprv_memcmp(u32Target, expected_12345, 8*4)) {
+        log_err("u_strToUTF32WithSub(surr16/NUL) sets %s != U_ZERO_ERROR or does not produce the expected string\n",
+                u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+}
+
+static void Test_strFromUTF32(void){
+    UErrorCode err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    UChar uTarget[400];
+    int32_t uDestLen;
+    int i= 0;
+
+    /* first with length */
+    uDestLen = -2;
+    u_strFromUTF32(uTarget,0,&uDestLen,src32,LENGTHOF(src32),&err);
+    if(err != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || uDestLen != LENGTHOF(src16)) {
+        log_err("u_strFromUTF32(preflight with length): "
+                "length %ld != %ld and %s != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR\n",
+                (long)uDestLen, (long)LENGTHOF(src16), u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR; 
+    uDestLen = -2;
+    u_strFromUTF32(uTarget, LENGTHOF(src16)+1,&uDestLen,src32,LENGTHOF(src32),&err);
+    if(err != U_ZERO_ERROR || uDestLen != LENGTHOF(src16)) {
+        log_err("u_strFromUTF32(with length): "
+                "length %ld != %ld and %s != U_ZERO_ERROR\n",
+                (long)uDestLen, (long)LENGTHOF(src16), u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+    /*for(i=0; i< uDestLen; i++){
+        printf("0x%04X, ",uTarget[i]);
+        if(i%10==0){
+            printf("\n");
+        }
+    }*/
+    
+    for(i=0; i< uDestLen; i++){
+        if(uTarget[i] != src16[i]){
+            log_verbose("u_strFromUTF32(with length) failed expected: %04X got: %04X at index: %i \n", src16[i] ,uTarget[i],i);
+        }
+    }
+    if(uTarget[i] != 0){
+        log_verbose("u_strFromUTF32(with length) failed expected: %04X got: %04X at index: %i \n", 0,uTarget[i],i);
+    }
+
+    /* now NUL-terminated */
+    uDestLen = -2;
+    u_strFromUTF32(NULL,0,&uDestLen,src32,-1,&err);
+    if(err != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || uDestLen != LENGTHOF(src16)-1) {
+        log_err("u_strFromUTF32(preflight with NUL-termination): "
+                "length %ld != %ld and %s != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR\n",
+                (long)uDestLen, (long)LENGTHOF(src16)-1, u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR; 
+    uDestLen = -2;
+    u_strFromUTF32(uTarget, LENGTHOF(src16),&uDestLen,src32,-1,&err);
+    if(err != U_ZERO_ERROR || uDestLen != LENGTHOF(src16)-1) {
+        log_err("u_strFromUTF32(with NUL-termination): "
+                "length %ld != %ld and %s != U_ZERO_ERROR\n",
+                (long)uDestLen, (long)LENGTHOF(src16)-1, u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    for(i=0; i< uDestLen; i++){
+        if(uTarget[i] != src16[i]){
+            log_verbose("u_strFromUTF32(with NUL-termination) failed expected: %04X got: %04X \n", src16[i] ,uTarget[i]);
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/* test surrogate code points */
+static void Test_strFromUTF32_surrogates() {
+    UErrorCode err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    UChar uTarget[400];
+    int32_t len32, uDestLen;
+    int32_t numSubstitutions;
+    int i;
+
+    static const UChar32 surr32[] = { 0x41, 0xd900, 0x61, 0xdc00, -1, 0x110000, 0x5a, 0x50000, 0x7a, 0 };
+    static const UChar expected[] = { 0x5a, 0xd900, 0xdc00, 0x7a, 0 };
+    static const UChar expected_FFFD[] = { 0x41, 0xfffd, 0x61, 0xfffd, 0xfffd, 0xfffd, 0x5a, 0xd900, 0xdc00, 0x7a, 0 };
+    static const UChar expected_12345[] = { 0x41, 0xd808, 0xdf45, 0x61, 0xd808, 0xdf45, 0xd808, 0xdf45, 0xd808, 0xdf45,
+                                            0x5a, 0xd900, 0xdc00, 0x7a, 0 };
+    len32 = LENGTHOF(surr32);
+    for(i = 0; i < 6; ++i) {
+        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        u_strFromUTF32(uTarget, 0, &uDestLen, surr32+i, len32-i, &err);
+        if(err != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND) {
+            log_err("u_strFromUTF32(preflight surr32+%ld) sets %s != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND\n",
+                    (long)i, u_errorName(err));
+            return;
+        }
+
+        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        u_strFromUTF32(uTarget, LENGTHOF(uTarget), &uDestLen, surr32+i, len32-i, &err);
+        if(err != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND) {
+            log_err("u_strFromUTF32(surr32+%ld) sets %s != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND\n",
+                    (long)i, u_errorName(err));
+            return;
+        }
+
+        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        u_strFromUTF32(NULL, 0, &uDestLen, surr32+i, -1, &err);
+        if(err != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND) {
+            log_err("u_strFromUTF32(preflight surr32+%ld/NUL) sets %s != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND\n",
+                    (long)i, u_errorName(err));
+            return;
+        }
+
+        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        u_strFromUTF32(uTarget, LENGTHOF(uTarget), &uDestLen, surr32+i, -1, &err);
+        if(err != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND) {
+            log_err("u_strFromUTF32(surr32+%ld/NUL) sets %s != U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND\n",
+                    (long)i, u_errorName(err));
+            return;
+        }
+    }
+
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strFromUTF32(uTarget, 0, &uDestLen, surr32+6, len32-6-1, &err);
+    if(err != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || uDestLen != 4) {
+        log_err("u_strFromUTF32(preflight surr32+6) sets %s != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR or an unexpected length\n",
+                u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strFromUTF32(uTarget, LENGTHOF(uTarget), &uDestLen, surr32+6, len32-6-1, &err);
+    if(err != U_ZERO_ERROR || uDestLen != 4 || u_memcmp(uTarget, expected, 5)) {
+        log_err("u_strFromUTF32(surr32+6) sets %s != U_ZERO_ERROR or does not produce the expected string\n",
+                u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strFromUTF32(NULL, 0, &uDestLen, surr32+6, -1, &err);
+    if(err != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || uDestLen != 4) {
+        log_err("u_strFromUTF32(preflight surr32+6/NUL) sets %s != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR or an unexpected length\n",
+                u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strFromUTF32(uTarget, LENGTHOF(uTarget), &uDestLen, surr32+6, -1, &err);
+    if(err != U_ZERO_ERROR || uDestLen != 4 || u_memcmp(uTarget, expected, 5)) {
+        log_err("u_strFromUTF32(surr32+6/NUL) sets %s != U_ZERO_ERROR or does not produce the expected string\n",
+                u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /* with substitution character */
+    numSubstitutions = -1;
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strFromUTF32WithSub(uTarget, 0, &uDestLen, surr32, len32-1, 0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &err);
+    if(err != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || uDestLen != 10 || numSubstitutions != 4) {
+        log_err("u_strFromUTF32WithSub(preflight surr32) sets %s != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR or an unexpected length\n",
+                u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strFromUTF32WithSub(uTarget, LENGTHOF(uTarget), &uDestLen, surr32, len32-1, 0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &err);
+    if(err != U_ZERO_ERROR || uDestLen != 10 || numSubstitutions != 4 || u_memcmp(uTarget, expected_FFFD, 11)) {
+        log_err("u_strFromUTF32WithSub(surr32) sets %s != U_ZERO_ERROR or does not produce the expected string\n",
+                u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strFromUTF32WithSub(NULL, 0, &uDestLen, surr32, -1, 0x12345, &numSubstitutions, &err);
+    if(err != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || uDestLen != 14 || numSubstitutions != 4) {
+        log_err("u_strFromUTF32WithSub(preflight surr32/NUL) sets %s != U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR or an unexpected length\n",
+                u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strFromUTF32WithSub(uTarget, LENGTHOF(uTarget), &uDestLen, surr32, -1, 0x12345, &numSubstitutions, &err);
+    if(err != U_ZERO_ERROR || uDestLen != 14 || numSubstitutions != 4 || u_memcmp(uTarget, expected_12345, 15)) {
+        log_err("u_strFromUTF32WithSub(surr32/NUL) sets %s != U_ZERO_ERROR or does not produce the expected string\n",
+                u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+}
+
+static void Test_UChar_UTF8_API(void){
+
+    UErrorCode err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    UChar uTemp[1];
+    char u8Temp[1];
+    UChar* uTarget=uTemp;
+    const char* u8Src;
+    int32_t u8SrcLen = 0;
+    int32_t uTargetLength = 0;
+    int32_t uDestLen=0;
+    const UChar* uSrc = src16;
+    int32_t uSrcLen   = sizeof(src16)/2;
+    char* u8Target = u8Temp;
+    int32_t u8TargetLength =0;
+    int32_t u8DestLen =0;
+    UBool failed = FALSE;
+    int i= 0;
+    int32_t numSubstitutions;
+
+    {
+        /* preflight */
+        u8Temp[0] = 0x12;
+        u_strToUTF8(u8Target,u8TargetLength, &u8DestLen, uSrc, uSrcLen,&err);
+        if(err == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR && u8Temp[0] == 0x12){
+            err = U_ZERO_ERROR;       
+            u8Target = (char*) malloc (sizeof(uint8_t) * (u8DestLen+1));
+            u8TargetLength = u8DestLen;
+
+            u8Target[u8TargetLength] = (char)0xfe;
+            u8DestLen = -1;
+            u_strToUTF8(u8Target,u8TargetLength, &u8DestLen, uSrc, uSrcLen,&err);
+            if(U_FAILURE(err) || u8DestLen != u8TargetLength || u8Target[u8TargetLength] != (char)0xfe){
+                log_err("u_strToUTF8 failed after preflight. Error: %s\n", u_errorName(err));
+                return;
+            }
+
+        }
+        else {
+            log_err("Should have gotten U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR");
+        }
+        failed = FALSE;
+        /*for(i=0; i< u8DestLen; i++){
+            printf("0x%04X, ",u8Target[i]);
+            if(i%10==0){
+                printf("\n");
+            }
+        }*/
+        /*for(i=0; i< u8DestLen; i++){
+            if(u8Target[i] != src8[i]){
+                log_verbose("u_strToUTF8() failed expected: %04X got: %04X \n", src8[i], u8Target[i]);
+                failed =TRUE;
+            }
+        }
+        if(failed){
+            log_err("u_strToUTF8() failed \n");
+        }*/
+        u8Src = u8Target;
+        u8SrcLen = u8DestLen;
+
+        /* preflight */
+        uTemp[0] = 0x1234;
+        u_strFromUTF8(uTarget,uTargetLength,&uDestLen,u8Src,u8SrcLen,&err);
+        if(err == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR && uTemp[0] == 0x1234){
+            err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+            uTarget = (UChar*) malloc( sizeof(UChar) * (uDestLen+1));
+            uTargetLength =  uDestLen;
+
+            uTarget[uTargetLength] = 0xfff0;
+            uDestLen = -1;
+            u_strFromUTF8(uTarget,uTargetLength,&uDestLen,u8Src,u8SrcLen,&err);
+        }
+        else {
+            log_err("error: u_strFromUTF8(preflight) should have gotten U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR\n");
+        }
+        /*for(i=0; i< uDestLen; i++){
+            printf("0x%04X, ",uTarget[i]);
+            if(i%10==0){
+                printf("\n");
+            }
+        }*/
+
+        if(U_FAILURE(err) || uDestLen != uTargetLength || uTarget[uTargetLength] != 0xfff0) {
+            failed = TRUE;
+        }
+        for(i=0; i< uSrcLen; i++){
+            if(uTarget[i] != src16[i]){
+                log_verbose("u_strFromUTF8() failed expected: \\u%04X got: \\u%04X at index: %i \n", src16[i] ,uTarget[i],i);
+                failed =TRUE;
+            }
+        }
+        if(failed){
+            log_err("error: u_strFromUTF8(after preflighting) failed\n");
+        }
+
+        free(u8Target);
+        free(uTarget);
+    }
+    {
+        u8SrcLen = -1;
+        uTargetLength = 0;
+        uSrcLen =-1;
+        u8TargetLength=0;
+        failed = FALSE;
+        /* preflight */
+        u_strToUTF8(NULL,u8TargetLength, &u8DestLen, uSrc, uSrcLen,&err);
+        if(err == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){
+            err = U_ZERO_ERROR;       
+            u8Target = (char*) malloc (sizeof(uint8_t) * (u8DestLen+1));
+            u8TargetLength = u8DestLen;
+        
+            u_strToUTF8(u8Target,u8TargetLength, &u8DestLen, uSrc, uSrcLen,&err);
+
+        }
+        else {
+            log_err("Should have gotten U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR");
+        }
+        failed = FALSE;
+        /*for(i=0; i< u8DestLen; i++){
+            printf("0x%04X, ",u8Target[i]);
+            if(i%10==0){
+                printf("\n");
+            }
+        }*/
+        /*for(i=0; i< u8DestLen; i++){
+            if(u8Target[i] != src8[i]){
+                log_verbose("u_strToUTF8() failed expected: %04X got: %04X \n", src8[i], u8Target[i]);
+                failed =TRUE;
+            }
+        }
+        if(failed){
+            log_err("u_strToUTF8() failed \n");
+        }*/
+        u8Src = u8Target;
+        u8SrcLen = u8DestLen;
+
+        /* preflight */
+        u_strFromUTF8(NULL,uTargetLength,&uDestLen,u8Src,u8SrcLen,&err);
+        if(err == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){
+            err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+            uTarget = (UChar*) malloc( sizeof(UChar) * (uDestLen+1));
+            uTargetLength =  uDestLen;
+
+            u_strFromUTF8(uTarget,uTargetLength,&uDestLen,u8Src,u8SrcLen,&err);
+        }
+        else {
+            log_err("Should have gotten U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR");
+        }
+        /*for(i=0; i< uDestLen; i++){
+            printf("0x%04X, ",uTarget[i]);
+            if(i%10==0){
+                printf("\n");
+            }
+        }*/
+        
+        for(i=0; i< uSrcLen; i++){
+            if(uTarget[i] != src16[i]){
+                log_verbose("u_strFromUTF8() failed expected: \\u%04X got: \\u%04X at index: %i \n", src16[i] ,uTarget[i],i);
+                failed =TRUE;
+            }
+        }
+        if(failed){
+            log_err("u_strToUTF8() failed \n");
+        }
+
+        free(u8Target);
+        free(uTarget);
+    }
+
+    /* test UTF-8 with single surrogates - illegal in Unicode 3.2 */
+    {
+        static const UChar
+            withLead16[]={ 0x1800, 0xd89a, 0x0061 },
+            withTrail16[]={ 0x1800, 0xdcba, 0x0061, 0 },
+            withTrail16SubFFFD[]={ 0x1800, 0xfffd, 0x0061, 0 }, /* sub==U+FFFD */
+            withTrail16Sub50005[]={ 0x1800, 0xd900, 0xdc05, 0x0061, 0 }; /* sub==U+50005 */
+        static const uint8_t
+            withLead8[]={ 0xe1, 0xa0, 0x80, 0xed, 0xa2, 0x9a, 0x61 },
+            withTrail8[]={ 0xe1, 0xa0, 0x80, 0xed, 0xb2, 0xba, 0x61, 0 },
+            withTrail8Sub1A[]={ 0xe1, 0xa0, 0x80, 0x1a, 0x61, 0 }, /* sub==U+001A */
+            withTrail8SubFFFD[]={ 0xe1, 0xa0, 0x80, 0xef, 0xbf, 0xbd, 0x61, 0 }; /* sub==U+FFFD */
+        UChar out16[10];
+        char out8[10];
+
+        if(
+            (err=U_ZERO_ERROR, u_strToUTF8(out8, LENGTHOF(out8), NULL, withLead16, LENGTHOF(withLead16), &err), err!=U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND) ||
+            (err=U_ZERO_ERROR, u_strToUTF8(out8, LENGTHOF(out8), NULL, withTrail16, -1, &err), err!=U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND) ||
+            (err=U_ZERO_ERROR, u_strFromUTF8(out16, LENGTHOF(out16), NULL, (const char *)withLead8, LENGTHOF(withLead8), &err), err!=U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND) ||
+            (err=U_ZERO_ERROR, u_strFromUTF8(out16, LENGTHOF(out16), NULL, (const char *)withTrail8, -1, &err), err!=U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND)
+        ) {
+            log_err("error: u_strTo/FromUTF8(string with single surrogate) fails to report error\n");
+        }
+
+        /* test error handling with substitution characters */
+
+        /* from UTF-8 with length */
+        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        numSubstitutions=-1;
+        out16[0]=0x55aa;
+        uDestLen=0;
+        u_strFromUTF8WithSub(out16, LENGTHOF(out16), &uDestLen,
+                             (const char *)withTrail8, uprv_strlen((const char *)withTrail8),
+                             0x50005, &numSubstitutions,
+                             &err);
+        if(U_FAILURE(err) || uDestLen!=u_strlen(withTrail16Sub50005) ||
+                             0!=u_memcmp(withTrail16Sub50005, out16, uDestLen+1) ||
+                             numSubstitutions!=1) {
+            log_err("error: u_strFromUTF8WithSub(length) failed\n");
+        }
+
+        /* from UTF-8 with NUL termination */
+        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        numSubstitutions=-1;
+        out16[0]=0x55aa;
+        uDestLen=0;
+        u_strFromUTF8WithSub(out16, LENGTHOF(out16), &uDestLen,
+                             (const char *)withTrail8, -1,
+                             0xfffd, &numSubstitutions,
+                             &err);
+        if(U_FAILURE(err) || uDestLen!=u_strlen(withTrail16SubFFFD) ||
+                             0!=u_memcmp(withTrail16SubFFFD, out16, uDestLen+1) ||
+                             numSubstitutions!=1) {
+            log_err("error: u_strFromUTF8WithSub(NUL termination) failed\n");
+        }
+
+        /* preflight from UTF-8 with NUL termination */
+        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        numSubstitutions=-1;
+        out16[0]=0x55aa;
+        uDestLen=0;
+        u_strFromUTF8WithSub(out16, 1, &uDestLen,
+                             (const char *)withTrail8, -1,
+                             0x50005, &numSubstitutions,
+                             &err);
+        if(err!=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || uDestLen!=u_strlen(withTrail16Sub50005) || numSubstitutions!=1) {
+            log_err("error: u_strFromUTF8WithSub(preflight/NUL termination) failed\n");
+        }
+
+        /* to UTF-8 with length */
+        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        numSubstitutions=-1;
+        out8[0]=(char)0xf5;
+        u8DestLen=0;
+        u_strToUTF8WithSub(out8, LENGTHOF(out8), &u8DestLen,
+                           withTrail16, u_strlen(withTrail16),
+                           0xfffd, &numSubstitutions,
+                           &err);
+        if(U_FAILURE(err) || u8DestLen!=uprv_strlen((const char *)withTrail8SubFFFD) ||
+                             0!=uprv_memcmp((const char *)withTrail8SubFFFD, out8, u8DestLen+1) ||
+                             numSubstitutions!=1) {
+            log_err("error: u_strToUTF8WithSub(length) failed\n");
+        }
+
+        /* to UTF-8 with NUL termination */
+        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        numSubstitutions=-1;
+        out8[0]=(char)0xf5;
+        u8DestLen=0;
+        u_strToUTF8WithSub(out8, LENGTHOF(out8), &u8DestLen,
+                           withTrail16, -1,
+                           0x1a, &numSubstitutions,
+                           &err);
+        if(U_FAILURE(err) || u8DestLen!=uprv_strlen((const char *)withTrail8Sub1A) ||
+                             0!=uprv_memcmp((const char *)withTrail8Sub1A, out8, u8DestLen+1) ||
+                             numSubstitutions!=1) {
+            log_err("error: u_strToUTF8WithSub(NUL termination) failed\n");
+        }
+
+        /* preflight to UTF-8 with NUL termination */
+        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        numSubstitutions=-1;
+        out8[0]=(char)0xf5;
+        u8DestLen=0;
+        u_strToUTF8WithSub(out8, 1, &u8DestLen,
+                           withTrail16, -1,
+                           0xfffd, &numSubstitutions,
+                           &err);
+        if(err!=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || u8DestLen!=uprv_strlen((const char *)withTrail8SubFFFD) ||
+                                           numSubstitutions!=1) {
+            log_err("error: u_strToUTF8WithSub(preflight/NUL termination) failed\n");
+        }
+
+        /* test that numSubstitutions==0 if there are no substitutions */
+
+        /* from UTF-8 with length (just first 3 bytes which are valid) */
+        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        numSubstitutions=-1;
+        out16[0]=0x55aa;
+        uDestLen=0;
+        u_strFromUTF8WithSub(out16, LENGTHOF(out16), &uDestLen,
+                             (const char *)withTrail8, 3,
+                             0x50005, &numSubstitutions,
+                             &err);
+        if(U_FAILURE(err) || uDestLen!=1 ||
+                             0!=u_memcmp(withTrail16Sub50005, out16, uDestLen) ||
+                             numSubstitutions!=0) {
+            log_err("error: u_strFromUTF8WithSub(no subs) failed\n");
+        }
+
+        /* to UTF-8 with length (just first UChar which is valid) */
+        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        numSubstitutions=-1;
+        out8[0]=(char)0xf5;
+        u8DestLen=0;
+        u_strToUTF8WithSub(out8, LENGTHOF(out8), &u8DestLen,
+                           withTrail16, 1,
+                           0xfffd, &numSubstitutions,
+                           &err);
+        if(U_FAILURE(err) || u8DestLen!=3 ||
+                             0!=uprv_memcmp((const char *)withTrail8SubFFFD, out8, u8DestLen) ||
+                             numSubstitutions!=0) {
+            log_err("error: u_strToUTF8WithSub(no subs) failed\n");
+        }
+
+        /* test that numSubstitutions==0 if subchar==U_SENTINEL (no subchar) */
+
+        /* from UTF-8 with length (just first 3 bytes which are valid) */
+        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        numSubstitutions=-1;
+        out16[0]=0x55aa;
+        uDestLen=0;
+        u_strFromUTF8WithSub(out16, LENGTHOF(out16), &uDestLen,
+                             (const char *)withTrail8, 3,
+                             U_SENTINEL, &numSubstitutions,
+                             &err);
+        if(U_FAILURE(err) || uDestLen!=1 ||
+                             0!=u_memcmp(withTrail16Sub50005, out16, uDestLen) ||
+                             numSubstitutions!=0) {
+            log_err("error: u_strFromUTF8WithSub(no subchar) failed\n");
+        }
+
+        /* to UTF-8 with length (just first UChar which is valid) */
+        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        numSubstitutions=-1;
+        out8[0]=(char)0xf5;
+        u8DestLen=0;
+        u_strToUTF8WithSub(out8, LENGTHOF(out8), &u8DestLen,
+                           withTrail16, 1,
+                           U_SENTINEL, &numSubstitutions,
+                           &err);
+        if(U_FAILURE(err) || u8DestLen!=3 ||
+                             0!=uprv_memcmp((const char *)withTrail8SubFFFD, out8, u8DestLen) ||
+                             numSubstitutions!=0) {
+            log_err("error: u_strToUTF8WithSub(no subchar) failed\n");
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/* compare if two strings are equal, but match 0xfffd in the second string with anything in the first */
+static UBool
+equalAnyFFFD(const UChar *s, const UChar *t, int32_t length) {
+    UChar c1, c2;
+
+    while(length>0) {
+        c1=*s++;
+        c2=*t++;
+        if(c1!=c2 && c2!=0xfffd) {
+            return FALSE;
+        }
+        --length;
+    }
+    return TRUE;
+}
+
+/* test u_strFromUTF8Lenient() */
+static void
+Test_FromUTF8(void) {
+    /*
+     * Test case from icu-support list 20071130 "u_strFromUTF8() returns U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND(10)"
+     */
+    static const uint8_t bytes[]={ 0xe0, 0xa5, 0x9c, 0 };
+    UChar dest[64];
+    UChar *destPointer;
+    int32_t destLength;
+    UErrorCode errorCode;
+
+    /* 3 bytes input, one UChar output (U+095C) */
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    destLength=-99;
+    destPointer=u_strFromUTF8(NULL, 0, &destLength, (const char *)bytes, 3, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || destPointer!=NULL || destLength!=1) {
+        log_err("error: u_strFromUTF8(preflight srcLength=3) fails: destLength=%ld - %s\n",
+                (long)destLength, u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+
+    /* 4 bytes input, two UChars output (U+095C U+0000) */
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    destLength=-99;
+    destPointer=u_strFromUTF8(NULL, 0, &destLength, (const char *)bytes, 4, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || destPointer!=NULL || destLength!=2) {
+        log_err("error: u_strFromUTF8(preflight srcLength=4) fails: destLength=%ld - %s\n",
+                (long)destLength, u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+
+    /* NUL-terminated 3 bytes input, one UChar output (U+095C) */
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    destLength=-99;
+    destPointer=u_strFromUTF8(NULL, 0, &destLength, (const char *)bytes, -1, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || destPointer!=NULL || destLength!=1) {
+        log_err("error: u_strFromUTF8(preflight srcLength=-1) fails: destLength=%ld - %s\n",
+                (long)destLength, u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+
+    /* 3 bytes input, one UChar output (U+095C), transform not just preflight */
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    dest[0]=dest[1]=99;
+    destLength=-99;
+    destPointer=u_strFromUTF8(dest, LENGTHOF(dest), &destLength, (const char *)bytes, 3, &errorCode);
+    if(U_FAILURE(errorCode) || destPointer!=dest || destLength!=1 || dest[0]!=0x95c || dest[1]!=0) {
+        log_err("error: u_strFromUTF8(transform srcLength=3) fails: destLength=%ld - %s\n",
+                (long)destLength, u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+}
+
+/* test u_strFromUTF8Lenient() */
+static void
+Test_FromUTF8Lenient(void) {
+    /*
+     * Multiple input strings, each NUL-terminated.
+     * Terminate with a string starting with 0xff.
+     */
+    static const uint8_t bytes[]={
+        /* well-formed UTF-8 */
+        0x61,  0xc3, 0x9f,  0xe0, 0xa0, 0x80,  0xf0, 0xa0, 0x80, 0x80,
+        0x62,  0xc3, 0xa0,  0xe0, 0xa0, 0x81,  0xf0, 0xa0, 0x80, 0x81, 0,
+
+        /* various malformed sequences */
+        0xc3, 0xc3, 0x9f,  0xc3, 0xa0,  0xe0, 0x80, 0x8a,  0xf0, 0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0,
+
+        /* truncated input */
+        0xc3, 0,
+        0xe0, 0,
+        0xe0, 0xa0, 0,
+        0xf0, 0,
+        0xf0, 0x90, 0,
+        0xf0, 0x90, 0x80, 0,
+
+        /* non-ASCII characters in the last few bytes */
+        0x61,  0xc3, 0x9f,  0xe0, 0xa0, 0x80, 0,
+        0x61,  0xe0, 0xa0, 0x80,  0xc3, 0x9f, 0,
+
+        /* empty string */
+        0,
+
+        /* finish */
+        0xff, 0
+    };
+
+    /* Multiple output strings, each NUL-terminated. 0xfffd matches anything. */
+    static const UChar uchars[]={
+        0x61, 0xdf, 0x800,  0xd840, 0xdc00,
+        0x62, 0xe0, 0x801,  0xd840, 0xdc01,  0,
+
+        0xfffd, 0x9f, 0xe0, 0xa,  0xfffd, 0xfffd,  0,
+
+        0xfffd, 0,
+        0xfffd, 0,
+        0xfffd, 0,
+        0xfffd, 0,
+        0xfffd, 0,
+        0xfffd, 0,
+
+        0x61, 0xdf, 0x800,  0,
+        0x61, 0x800, 0xdf,  0,
+
+        0,
+
+        0
+    };
+
+    UChar dest[64];
+    const char *pb;
+    const UChar *pu, *pDest;
+    int32_t srcLength, destLength0, destLength;
+    int number;
+    UErrorCode errorCode;
+
+    /* verify checking for some illegal arguments */
+    dest[0]=0x1234;
+    destLength=-1;
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    pDest=u_strFromUTF8Lenient(dest, 1, &destLength, NULL, -1, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR || dest[0]!=0x1234) {
+        log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(src=NULL) failed\n");
+    }
+
+    dest[0]=0x1234;
+    destLength=-1;
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    pDest=u_strFromUTF8Lenient(NULL, 1, &destLength, (const char *)bytes, -1, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR) {
+        log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(dest=NULL[1]) failed\n");
+    }
+
+    dest[0]=0x1234;
+    destLength=-1;
+    errorCode=U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR;
+    pDest=u_strFromUTF8Lenient(dest, 1, &destLength, (const char *)bytes, -1, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR || dest[0]!=0x1234) {
+        log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR) failed\n");
+    }
+
+    dest[0]=0x1234;
+    destLength=-1;
+    errorCode=U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR;
+    pDest=u_strFromUTF8Lenient(dest, 1, &destLength, (const char *)bytes, -1, NULL);
+    if(dest[0]!=0x1234) {
+        log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(pErrorCode=NULL) failed\n");
+    }
+
+    /* test normal behavior */
+    number=0; /* string number for log_err() */
+
+    for(pb=(const char *)bytes, pu=uchars;
+        *pb!=(char)0xff;
+        pb+=srcLength+1, pu+=destLength0+1, ++number
+    ) {
+        srcLength=uprv_strlen(pb);
+        destLength0=u_strlen(pu);
+
+        /* preflighting with NUL-termination */
+        dest[0]=0x1234;
+        destLength=-1;
+        errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        pDest=u_strFromUTF8Lenient(NULL, 0, &destLength, pb, -1, &errorCode);
+        if (errorCode!= (destLength0==0 ? U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_WARNING : U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR) ||
+            pDest!=NULL || dest[0]!=0x1234 || destLength!=destLength0
+        ) {
+            log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(%d preflighting with NUL-termination) failed\n", number);
+        }
+
+        /* preflighting/some capacity with NUL-termination */
+        if(srcLength>0) {
+            dest[destLength0-1]=0x1234;
+            destLength=-1;
+            errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+            pDest=u_strFromUTF8Lenient(dest, destLength0-1, &destLength, pb, -1, &errorCode);
+            if (errorCode!=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR ||
+                dest[destLength0-1]!=0x1234 || destLength!=destLength0
+            ) {
+                log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(%d preflighting/some capacity with NUL-termination) failed\n", number);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* conversion with NUL-termination, much capacity */
+        dest[0]=dest[destLength0]=0x1234;
+        destLength=-1;
+        errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        pDest=u_strFromUTF8Lenient(dest, LENGTHOF(dest), &destLength, pb, -1, &errorCode);
+        if (errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR ||
+            pDest!=dest || dest[destLength0]!=0 ||
+            destLength!=destLength0 || !equalAnyFFFD(dest, pu, destLength)
+        ) {
+            log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(%d conversion with NUL-termination, much capacity) failed\n", number);
+        }
+
+        /* conversion with NUL-termination, exact capacity */
+        dest[0]=dest[destLength0]=0x1234;
+        destLength=-1;
+        errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        pDest=u_strFromUTF8Lenient(dest, destLength0, &destLength, pb, -1, &errorCode);
+        if (errorCode!=U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_WARNING ||
+            pDest!=dest || dest[destLength0]!=0x1234 ||
+            destLength!=destLength0 || !equalAnyFFFD(dest, pu, destLength)
+        ) {
+            log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(%d conversion with NUL-termination, exact capacity) failed\n", number);
+        }
+
+        /* preflighting with length */
+        dest[0]=0x1234;
+        destLength=-1;
+        errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        pDest=u_strFromUTF8Lenient(NULL, 0, &destLength, pb, srcLength, &errorCode);
+        if (errorCode!= (destLength0==0 ? U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_WARNING : U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR) ||
+            pDest!=NULL || dest[0]!=0x1234 || destLength!=srcLength
+        ) {
+            log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(%d preflighting with length) failed\n", number);
+        }
+
+        /* preflighting/some capacity with length */
+        if(srcLength>0) {
+            dest[srcLength-1]=0x1234;
+            destLength=-1;
+            errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+            pDest=u_strFromUTF8Lenient(dest, srcLength-1, &destLength, pb, srcLength, &errorCode);
+            if (errorCode!=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR ||
+                dest[srcLength-1]!=0x1234 || destLength!=srcLength
+            ) {
+                log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(%d preflighting/some capacity with length) failed\n", number);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /* conversion with length, much capacity */
+        dest[0]=dest[destLength0]=0x1234;
+        destLength=-1;
+        errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        pDest=u_strFromUTF8Lenient(dest, LENGTHOF(dest), &destLength, pb, srcLength, &errorCode);
+        if (errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR ||
+            pDest!=dest || dest[destLength0]!=0 ||
+            destLength!=destLength0 || !equalAnyFFFD(dest, pu, destLength)
+        ) {
+            log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(%d conversion with length, much capacity) failed\n", number);
+        }
+
+        /* conversion with length, srcLength capacity */
+        dest[0]=dest[srcLength]=dest[destLength0]=0x1234;
+        destLength=-1;
+        errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        pDest=u_strFromUTF8Lenient(dest, srcLength, &destLength, pb, srcLength, &errorCode);
+        if(srcLength==destLength0) {
+            if (errorCode!=U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_WARNING ||
+                pDest!=dest || dest[destLength0]!=0x1234 ||
+                destLength!=destLength0 || !equalAnyFFFD(dest, pu, destLength)
+            ) {
+                log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(%d conversion with length, srcLength capacity/not terminated) failed\n", number);
+            }
+        } else {
+            if (errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR ||
+                pDest!=dest || dest[destLength0]!=0 ||
+                destLength!=destLength0 || !equalAnyFFFD(dest, pu, destLength)
+            ) {
+                log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(%d conversion with length, srcLength capacity/terminated) failed\n", number);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+static const uint16_t src16j[] = {
+    0x0043, 0x0044, 0x0045, 0x0046, 0x0047, 0x0048, 0x0049, 0x004A, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x004B, 0x004C, 0x004D, 0x004E, 0x004F, 0x0050, 0x0051, 0x0052, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x0053, 0x0054, 0x0055, 0x0056, 0x0057, 0x0058, 0x0059, 0x005A, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x0053, 0x0054, 0x0055, 0x0056, 0x0057, 0x0058, 0x0059, 0x005A, 0x000D, 0x000A,
+    0x0000,
+    /* Test only ASCII */
+
+};
+static const uint16_t src16WithNulls[] = {
+    0x0043, 0x0044, 0x0045, 0x0046, 0x0047, 0x0000,
+    0x0048, 0x0049, 0x004A, 0x000D, 0x000A, 0x0000,
+    0x004B, 0x004C, 0x004D, 0x004E, 0x004F, 0x0000,
+    0x0050, 0x0051, 0x0052, 0x000D, 0x000A, 0x0000,
+    0x0053, 0x0054, 0x0055, 0x0056, 0x0057, 0x0000,
+    0x0058, 0x0059, 0x005A, 0x000D, 0x000A, 0x0000,
+    0x0053, 0x0054, 0x0055, 0x0056, 0x0057, 0x0000,
+    0x0058, 0x0059, 0x005A, 0x000D, 0x000A, 0x0000,
+    /* test only ASCII */
+    /* 
+    0x00A8, 0x00A9, 0x00AA, 0x00AB, 0x00AC, 0x00AD,
+    0x00AE, 0x00AF, 0x00B0, 0x00B1, 0x00B2, 0x00B3, 0x00B4, 0x00B5, 0x00B6, 0x00B7,
+    0x00B8, 0x00B9, 0x00BA, 0x00BB, 0x00BC, 0x00BD, 0x00BE, 0x00BF, 0x00C0, 0x00C1,
+    0x00C2, 0x00C3, 0x00C4, 0x00C5, 0x00C6, 0x00C7, 0x00C8, 0x00C9, 0x00CA, 0x00CB,
+    0x00CC, 0x00CD, 0x00CE, 0x00CF, 0x00D0, 0x00D1, 0x00D2, 0x00D3, 0x00D4, 0x00D5, 
+    0x00D6, 0x00D7, 0x00D8, 0x00D9, 0x00DA, 0x00DB, 0x00DC, 0x00DD, 0x00DE, 0x00DF, 
+    0x00E0, 0x00E1, 0x00E2, 0x00E3, 0x00E4, 0x00E5, 0x00E6, 0x00E7, 0x00E8, 0x00E9,
+    0x0054, 0x0000 */
+
+};
+static void Test_UChar_WCHART_API(void){
+#if (defined(U_WCHAR_IS_UTF16) || defined(U_WCHAR_IS_UTF32)) || (!UCONFIG_NO_CONVERSION && !UCONFIG_NO_LEGACY_CONVERSION)
+    UErrorCode err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    const UChar* uSrc = src16j;
+    int32_t uSrcLen = sizeof(src16j)/2;
+    wchar_t* wDest = NULL;
+    int32_t wDestLen = 0;
+    int32_t reqLen= 0 ;
+    UBool failed = FALSE;
+    UChar* uDest = NULL;
+    int32_t uDestLen = 0;
+    int i =0;
+    {
+        /* Bad UErrorCode arguments. Make sure that the API doesn't crash, and that Purify doesn't complain. */
+        if (u_strFromWCS(NULL,0,NULL,NULL,0,NULL) != NULL) {
+            log_err("u_strFromWCS() should return NULL with a bad argument\n");
+        }
+        if (u_strToWCS(NULL,0,NULL,NULL,0,NULL) != NULL) {
+            log_err("u_strToWCS() should return NULL with a bad argument\n");
+        }
+
+        /* NULL source & destination. */
+        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        u_strFromWCS(NULL,0,NULL,NULL,0,&err);
+        if (err != U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_WARNING) {
+            log_err("u_strFromWCS(NULL, NULL) failed. Error: %s \n", u_errorName(err));
+        }
+        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        u_strToWCS(NULL,0,NULL,NULL,0,&err);
+        if (err != U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_WARNING) {
+            log_err("u_strToWCS(NULL, NULL) failed. Error: %s \n", u_errorName(err));
+        }
+        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+
+        /* pre-flight*/
+        u_strToWCS(wDest,wDestLen,&reqLen,uSrc,uSrcLen-1,&err);
+
+        if(err == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){
+            err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+            wDest =(wchar_t*) malloc(sizeof(wchar_t) * (reqLen+1));
+            wDestLen = reqLen+1;
+            u_strToWCS(wDest,wDestLen,&reqLen,uSrc,uSrcLen-1,&err);
+        }
+
+        /* pre-flight */
+        u_strFromWCS(uDest, uDestLen,&reqLen,wDest,reqLen,&err);
+        
+
+        if(err == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){
+            err =U_ZERO_ERROR;
+            uDest = (UChar*) malloc(sizeof(UChar) * (reqLen+1));
+            uDestLen = reqLen + 1;
+            u_strFromWCS(uDest, uDestLen,&reqLen,wDest,reqLen,&err);
+        }else if(U_FAILURE(err)){
+
+            log_err("u_strFromWCS() failed. Error: %s \n", u_errorName(err));
+            return;
+        }
+
+        for(i=0; i< uSrcLen; i++){
+            if(uDest[i] != src16j[i]){
+                log_verbose("u_str*WCS() failed for unterminated string expected: \\u%04X got: \\u%04X at index: %i \n", src16j[i] ,uDest[i],i);
+                failed =TRUE;
+            }
+        }
+
+        if(U_FAILURE(err)){
+            failed = TRUE;
+        }
+        if(failed){
+            log_err("u_strToWCS() failed \n");
+        }
+        free(wDest);
+        free(uDest);
+        
+       
+        /* test with embeded nulls */
+        uSrc = src16WithNulls;
+        uSrcLen = sizeof(src16WithNulls)/2;
+        wDestLen =0;
+        uDestLen =0;
+        wDest = NULL;
+        uDest = NULL;
+        /* pre-flight*/
+        u_strToWCS(wDest,wDestLen,&reqLen,uSrc,uSrcLen-1,&err);
+
+        if(err == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){
+            err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+            wDest =(wchar_t*) malloc(sizeof(wchar_t) * (reqLen+1));
+            wDestLen = reqLen+1;
+            u_strToWCS(wDest,wDestLen,&reqLen,uSrc,uSrcLen-1,&err);
+        }
+
+        /* pre-flight */
+        u_strFromWCS(uDest, uDestLen,&reqLen,wDest,reqLen,&err);
+
+        if(err == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){
+            err =U_ZERO_ERROR;
+            uDest = (UChar*) malloc(sizeof(UChar) * (reqLen+1));
+            uDestLen = reqLen + 1;
+            u_strFromWCS(uDest, uDestLen,&reqLen,wDest,reqLen,&err);
+        }
+    
+        if(!U_FAILURE(err)) {
+         for(i=0; i< uSrcLen; i++){
+            if(uDest[i] != src16WithNulls[i]){
+                log_verbose("u_str*WCS() failed for string with nulls expected: \\u%04X got: \\u%04X at index: %i \n", src16WithNulls[i] ,uDest[i],i);
+                failed =TRUE;
+            }
+         }
+        }
+
+        if(U_FAILURE(err)){
+            failed = TRUE;
+        }
+        if(failed){
+            log_err("u_strToWCS() failed \n");
+        }
+        free(wDest);
+        free(uDest);
+
+    }
+
+    {
+        
+        uSrc = src16j;
+        uSrcLen = sizeof(src16j)/2;
+        wDestLen =0;
+        uDestLen =0;
+        wDest = NULL;
+        uDest = NULL;
+        wDestLen = 0;
+        /* pre-flight*/
+        u_strToWCS(wDest,wDestLen,&reqLen,uSrc,-1,&err);
+
+        if(err == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){
+            err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+            wDest =(wchar_t*) malloc(sizeof(wchar_t) * (reqLen+1));
+            wDestLen = reqLen+1;
+            u_strToWCS(wDest,wDestLen,&reqLen,uSrc,-1,&err);
+        }
+        uDestLen = 0;
+        /* pre-flight */
+        u_strFromWCS(uDest, uDestLen,&reqLen,wDest,-1,&err);
+
+        if(err == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){
+            err =U_ZERO_ERROR;
+            uDest = (UChar*) malloc(sizeof(UChar) * (reqLen+1));
+            uDestLen = reqLen + 1;
+            u_strFromWCS(uDest, uDestLen,&reqLen,wDest,-1,&err);
+        }
+    
+
+        if(!U_FAILURE(err)) {
+         for(i=0; i< uSrcLen; i++){
+            if(uDest[i] != src16j[i]){
+                log_verbose("u_str*WCS() failed for null terminated string expected: \\u%04X got: \\u%04X at index: %i \n", src16j[i] ,uDest[i],i);
+                failed =TRUE;
+            }
+         }
+        }
+
+        if(U_FAILURE(err)){
+            failed = TRUE;
+        }
+        if(failed){
+            log_err("u_strToWCS() failed \n");
+        }
+        free(wDest);
+        free(uDest);
+    }
+
+    /*
+     * Test u_terminateWChars().
+     * All u_terminateXYZ() use the same implementation macro;
+     * we test this function to improve API coverage.
+     */
+    {
+        wchar_t buffer[10];
+
+        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        buffer[3]=0x20ac;
+        wDestLen=u_terminateWChars(buffer, LENGTHOF(buffer), 3, &err);
+        if(err!=U_ZERO_ERROR || wDestLen!=3 || buffer[3]!=0) {
+            log_err("u_terminateWChars(buffer, all, 3, zero) failed: %s length %d [3]==U+%04x\n",
+                    u_errorName(err), wDestLen, buffer[3]);
+        }
+
+        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        buffer[3]=0x20ac;
+        wDestLen=u_terminateWChars(buffer, 3, 3, &err);
+        if(err!=U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_WARNING || wDestLen!=3 || buffer[3]!=0x20ac) {
+            log_err("u_terminateWChars(buffer, 3, 3, zero) failed: %s length %d [3]==U+%04x\n",
+                    u_errorName(err), wDestLen, buffer[3]);
+        }
+
+        err=U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_WARNING;
+        buffer[3]=0x20ac;
+        wDestLen=u_terminateWChars(buffer, LENGTHOF(buffer), 3, &err);
+        if(err!=U_ZERO_ERROR || wDestLen!=3 || buffer[3]!=0) {
+            log_err("u_terminateWChars(buffer, all, 3, not-terminated) failed: %s length %d [3]==U+%04x\n",
+                    u_errorName(err), wDestLen, buffer[3]);
+        }
+
+        err=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        buffer[3]=0x20ac;
+        wDestLen=u_terminateWChars(buffer, 2, 3, &err);
+        if(err!=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR || wDestLen!=3 || buffer[3]!=0x20ac) {
+            log_err("u_terminateWChars(buffer, 2, 3, zero) failed: %s length %d [3]==U+%04x\n",
+                    u_errorName(err), wDestLen, buffer[3]);
+        }
+    }
+#else
+    log_info("Not testing u_str*WCS because (!UCONFIG_NO_CONVERSION && !UCONFIG_NO_LEGACY_CONVERSION) and wchar is neither utf16 nor utf32");
+#endif
+} 
+
+static void Test_widestrs()
+{
+#if (defined(U_WCHAR_IS_UTF16) || defined(U_WCHAR_IS_UTF32)) || (!UCONFIG_NO_CONVERSION && !UCONFIG_NO_LEGACY_CONVERSION)
+        wchar_t ws[100];
+        UChar rts[100];
+        int32_t wcap = sizeof(ws) / sizeof(*ws);
+        int32_t wl;
+        int32_t rtcap = sizeof(rts) / sizeof(*rts);
+        int32_t rtl;
+        wchar_t *wcs;
+        UChar *cp;
+        const char *errname;
+        UChar ustr[] = {'h', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', 0};
+        int32_t ul = sizeof(ustr)/sizeof(*ustr) -1;
+        char astr[100];
+
+        UErrorCode err;
+
+        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        wcs = u_strToWCS(ws, wcap, &wl, ustr, ul, &err);
+        if (U_FAILURE(err)) {
+                errname = u_errorName(err);
+                log_err("test_widestrs: u_strToWCS error: %s!\n",errname);
+        }
+        if(ul!=wl){
+            log_err("u_strToWCS: ustr = %s, ul = %d, ws = %S, wl = %d!\n", u_austrcpy(astr, ustr), ul, ws, wl);
+        }
+        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        wl = (int32_t)uprv_wcslen(wcs);
+        cp = u_strFromWCS(rts, rtcap, &rtl, wcs, wl, &err);
+        if (U_FAILURE(err)) {
+                errname = u_errorName(err);
+                fprintf(stderr, "test_widestrs: ucnv_wcstombs error: %s!\n",errname);
+        }
+        if(wl != rtl){
+            log_err("u_strFromWCS: wcs = %S, wl = %d,rts = %s, rtl = %d!\n", wcs, wl, u_austrcpy(astr, rts), rtl);
+        }
+#else
+    log_info("Not testing u_str*WCS because (!UCONFIG_NO_CONVERSION && !UCONFIG_NO_LEGACY_CONVERSION) and wchar is neither utf16 nor utf32");
+#endif
+}
+
+static void
+Test_WCHART_LongString(){
+#if (defined(U_WCHAR_IS_UTF16) || defined(U_WCHAR_IS_UTF32)) || (!UCONFIG_NO_CONVERSION && !UCONFIG_NO_LEGACY_CONVERSION)
+    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    const char* testdatapath=loadTestData(&status);
+    UResourceBundle *theBundle = ures_open(testdatapath, "testtypes", &status);
+    int32_t strLen =0;
+    const UChar* str = ures_getStringByKey(theBundle, "testinclude",&strLen,&status);
+    const UChar* uSrc = str;
+    int32_t uSrcLen = strLen;
+    int32_t wDestLen =0, reqLen=0, i=0;
+    int32_t uDestLen =0;
+    wchar_t* wDest = NULL;
+    UChar* uDest = NULL;
+    UBool failed = FALSE;
+
+    if(U_FAILURE(status)){
+        log_data_err("Could not get testinclude resource from testtypes bundle. Error: %s\n",u_errorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /* pre-flight*/
+    u_strToWCS(wDest,wDestLen,&reqLen,uSrc,-1,&status);
+
+    if(status == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){
+        status=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        wDest =(wchar_t*) malloc(sizeof(wchar_t) * (reqLen+1));
+        wDestLen = reqLen+1;
+        u_strToWCS(wDest,wDestLen,&reqLen,uSrc,-1,&status);
+    }
+    uDestLen = 0;
+    /* pre-flight */
+    u_strFromWCS(uDest, uDestLen,&reqLen,wDest,-1,&status);
+
+    if(status == U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){
+        status =U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        uDest = (UChar*) malloc(sizeof(UChar) * (reqLen+1));
+        uDestLen = reqLen + 1;
+        u_strFromWCS(uDest, uDestLen,&reqLen,wDest,-1,&status);
+    }
+
+
+    for(i=0; i< uSrcLen; i++){
+        if(uDest[i] != str[i]){
+            log_verbose("u_str*WCS() failed for null terminated string expected: \\u%04X got: \\u%04X at index: %i \n", src16j[i] ,uDest[i],i);
+            failed =TRUE;
+        }
+    }
+
+    if(U_FAILURE(status)){
+        failed = TRUE;
+    }
+    if(failed){
+        log_err("u_strToWCS() failed \n");
+    }
+    free(wDest);
+    free(uDest);
+    /* close the bundle */
+    ures_close(theBundle);    
+#else
+    log_info("Not testing u_str*WCS because (!UCONFIG_NO_CONVERSION && !UCONFIG_NO_LEGACY_CONVERSION) and wchar is neither utf16 nor utf32");
+#endif
+}
+
+static void Test_strToJavaModifiedUTF8() {
+    static const UChar src[]={
+        0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0xe1, 0xe2, 0xe3,
+        0xe01, 0xe02, 0xe03, 0xe001, 0xe002, 0xe003,
+        0xd800, 0xdc00, 0xdc00, 0xd800, 0,
+        0xdbff, 0xdfff,
+        0x64, 0x65, 0x66, 0x67, 0x68, 0x69, 0x6a, 0x6b, 0x6c, 0xed, 0xe0e, 0x6f
+    };
+    static const uint8_t expected[]={
+        0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0xc3, 0xa1, 0xc3, 0xa2, 0xc3, 0xa3,
+        0xe0, 0xb8, 0x81, 0xe0, 0xb8, 0x82, 0xe0, 0xb8, 0x83,
+        0xee, 0x80, 0x81, 0xee, 0x80, 0x82, 0xee, 0x80, 0x83,
+        0xed, 0xa0, 0x80, 0xed, 0xb0, 0x80, 0xed, 0xb0, 0x80, 0xed, 0xa0, 0x80, 0xc0, 0x80,
+        0xed, 0xaf, 0xbf, 0xed, 0xbf, 0xbf,
+        0x64, 0x65, 0x66, 0x67, 0x68, 0x69, 0x6a, 0x6b, 0x6c, 0xc3, 0xad, 0xe0, 0xb8, 0x8e, 0x6f
+    };
+    static const UChar shortSrc[]={
+        0xe01, 0xe1, 0x61
+    };
+    static const uint8_t shortExpected[]={
+        0xe0, 0xb8, 0x81, 0xc3, 0xa1, 0x61
+    };
+    static const UChar asciiNul[]={
+        0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0
+    };
+    static const uint8_t asciiNulExpected[]={
+        0x61, 0x62, 0x63
+    };
+    char dest[200];
+    char *p;
+    int32_t length, expectedTerminatedLength;
+    UErrorCode errorCode;
+
+    expectedTerminatedLength=(int32_t)(strstr((const char *)expected, "\xc0\x80")-
+                                       (const char *)expected);
+
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=-5;
+    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
+                              src, LENGTHOF(src), &errorCode);
+    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
+        length!=LENGTHOF(expected) || 0!=memcmp(dest, expected, length) ||
+        dest[length]!=0
+    ) {
+        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(normal) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=-5;
+    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), NULL,
+                              src, LENGTHOF(src), &errorCode);
+    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
+        0!=memcmp(dest, expected, LENGTHOF(expected)) ||
+        dest[LENGTHOF(expected)]!=0
+    ) {
+        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(normal, pLength=NULL) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=-5;
+    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest, LENGTHOF(expected), &length,
+                              src, LENGTHOF(src), &errorCode);
+    if( errorCode!=U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_WARNING || p!=dest ||
+        length!=LENGTHOF(expected) || 0!=memcmp(dest, expected, length) ||
+        dest[length]!=(char)0xff
+    ) {
+        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(tight) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=-5;
+    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length, src, -1, &errorCode);
+    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
+        length!=expectedTerminatedLength || 0!=memcmp(dest, expected, length) ||
+        dest[length]!=0
+    ) {
+        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(NUL-terminated) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=-5;
+    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), NULL, src, -1, &errorCode);
+    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
+        0!=memcmp(dest, expected, expectedTerminatedLength) ||
+        dest[expectedTerminatedLength]!=0
+    ) {
+        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(NUL-terminated, pLength=NULL) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=-5;
+    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest, LENGTHOF(expected)/2, &length,
+                              src, LENGTHOF(src), &errorCode);
+    if( errorCode!=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR ||
+        length!=LENGTHOF(expected) || dest[LENGTHOF(expected)/2]!=(char)0xff
+    ) {
+        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(overflow) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=-5;
+    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(NULL, 0, &length,
+                              src, LENGTHOF(src), &errorCode);
+    if( errorCode!=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR ||
+        length!=LENGTHOF(expected) || dest[0]!=(char)0xff
+    ) {
+        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(pure preflighting) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=-5;
+    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
+                              shortSrc, LENGTHOF(shortSrc), &errorCode);
+    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
+        length!=LENGTHOF(shortExpected) || 0!=memcmp(dest, shortExpected, length) ||
+        dest[length]!=0
+    ) {
+        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(short) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=-5;
+    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
+                              asciiNul, -1, &errorCode);
+    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
+        length!=LENGTHOF(asciiNulExpected) || 0!=memcmp(dest, asciiNulExpected, length) ||
+        dest[length]!=0
+    ) {
+        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(asciiNul) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=-5;
+    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
+                              NULL, 0, &errorCode);
+    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
+        length!=0 || dest[0]!=0
+    ) {
+        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(empty) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+
+    /* illegal arguments */
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=-5;
+    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(NULL, sizeof(dest), &length,
+                              src, LENGTHOF(src), &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR || dest[0]!=(char)0xff) {
+        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest=NULL) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=-5;
+    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest, -1, &length,
+                              src, LENGTHOF(src), &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR || dest[0]!=(char)0xff) {
+        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(destCapacity<0) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=-5;
+    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest, sizeof(dest), &length,
+                              NULL, LENGTHOF(src), &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR || dest[0]!=(char)0xff) {
+        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(src=NULL) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=-5;
+    p=u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest, sizeof(dest), &length,
+                              NULL, -1, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR || dest[0]!=(char)0xff) {
+        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(src=NULL, srcLength<0) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+}
+
+static void Test_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8() {
+    static const uint8_t src[]={
+        0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0xc3, 0xa1, 0xc3, 0xa2, 0xc3, 0xa3,
+        0xe0, 0xb8, 0x81, 0xe0, 0xb8, 0x82, 0xe0, 0xb8, 0x83,
+        0xee, 0x80, 0x81, 0xee, 0x80, 0x82, 0xee, 0x80, 0x83,
+        0xed, 0xa0, 0x80, 0xed, 0xb0, 0x80, 0xed, 0xb0, 0x80, 0xed, 0xa0, 0x80, 0,
+        0xed, 0xaf, 0xbf, 0xed, 0xbf, 0xbf,
+        0x81, 0xc0, 0xe0, 0xb8, 0xf0, 0x90, 0x80, 0x80,  /* invalid sequences */
+        0x64, 0x65, 0x66, 0x67, 0x68, 0x69, 0x6a, 0x6b,
+        0xe0, 0x81, 0xac, 0xe0, 0x83, 0xad,  /* non-shortest forms are allowed */
+        0xe0, 0xb8, 0x8e, 0x6f
+    };
+    static const UChar expected[]={
+        0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0xe1, 0xe2, 0xe3,
+        0xe01, 0xe02, 0xe03, 0xe001, 0xe002, 0xe003,
+        0xd800, 0xdc00, 0xdc00, 0xd800, 0,
+        0xdbff, 0xdfff,
+        0xfffd, 0xfffd, 0xfffd, 0xfffd,
+        0x64, 0x65, 0x66, 0x67, 0x68, 0x69, 0x6a, 0x6b,
+        0x6c, 0xed,
+        0xe0e, 0x6f
+    };
+    static const uint8_t shortSrc[]={
+        0xe0, 0xb8, 0x81, 0xc3, 0xa1, 0x61
+    };
+    static const UChar shortExpected[]={
+        0xe01, 0xe1, 0x61
+    };
+    static const uint8_t asciiNul[]={
+        0x61, 0x62, 0x63, 0
+    };
+    static const UChar asciiNulExpected[]={
+        0x61, 0x62, 0x63
+    };
+    static const uint8_t invalid[]={
+        0x81, 0xc0, 0xe0, 0xb8, 0xf0, 0x90, 0x80, 0x80
+    };
+    static const UChar invalidExpectedFFFD[]={
+        0xfffd, 0xfffd, 0xfffd, 0xfffd
+    };
+    static const UChar invalidExpected50000[]={
+        0xd900, 0xdc00, 0xd900, 0xdc00, 0xd900, 0xdc00, 0xd900, 0xdc00
+    };
+    UChar dest[200];
+    UChar *p;
+    int32_t length, expectedTerminatedLength;
+    int32_t numSubstitutions;
+    UErrorCode errorCode;
+
+    expectedTerminatedLength=(int32_t)(u_strchr(expected, 0)-expected);
+
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
+    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
+                                       (const char *)src, LENGTHOF(src),
+                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
+    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
+        length!=LENGTHOF(expected) || 0!=memcmp(dest, expected, length) ||
+        dest[length]!=0 ||
+        numSubstitutions!=LENGTHOF(invalidExpectedFFFD)
+    ) {
+        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(normal) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
+    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), NULL,
+                                       (const char *)src, LENGTHOF(src),
+                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
+    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
+        0!=memcmp(dest, expected, LENGTHOF(expected)) ||
+        dest[LENGTHOF(expected)]!=0 ||
+        numSubstitutions!=LENGTHOF(invalidExpectedFFFD)
+    ) {
+        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(normal, pLength=NULL) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
+    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
+                                       (const char *)src, LENGTHOF(src),
+                                       0xfffd, NULL, &errorCode);
+    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
+        length!=LENGTHOF(expected) || 0!=memcmp(dest, expected, length) ||
+        dest[length]!=0
+    ) {
+        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(normal, pNumSubstitutions=NULL) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
+    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, LENGTHOF(expected), &length,
+                                       (const char *)src, LENGTHOF(src),
+                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
+    if( errorCode!=U_STRING_NOT_TERMINATED_WARNING || p!=dest ||
+        length!=LENGTHOF(expected) || 0!=memcmp(dest, expected, length) ||
+        dest[length]!=0xffff ||
+        numSubstitutions!=LENGTHOF(invalidExpectedFFFD)
+    ) {
+        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(tight) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
+    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
+                                       (const char *)src, -1,
+                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
+    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
+        length!=expectedTerminatedLength || 0!=memcmp(dest, expected, length) ||
+        dest[length]!=0 ||
+        numSubstitutions!=0
+    ) {
+        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(NUL-terminated) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
+    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), NULL,
+                                       (const char *)src, -1,
+                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
+    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
+        0!=memcmp(dest, expected, expectedTerminatedLength) ||
+        dest[expectedTerminatedLength]!=0 ||
+        numSubstitutions!=0
+    ) {
+        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(NUL-terminated, pLength=NULL) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
+    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
+                                       (const char *)src, -1,
+                                       0xfffd, NULL, &errorCode);
+    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
+        length!=expectedTerminatedLength || 0!=memcmp(dest, expected, length) ||
+        dest[length]!=0
+    ) {
+        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(NUL-terminated, pNumSubstitutions=NULL) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
+    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, LENGTHOF(expected)/2, &length,
+                                       (const char *)src, LENGTHOF(src),
+                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
+    if( errorCode!=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR ||
+        length!=LENGTHOF(expected) || dest[LENGTHOF(expected)/2]!=0xffff
+    ) {
+        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(overflow) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
+    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(NULL, 0, &length,
+                                       (const char *)src, LENGTHOF(src),
+                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
+    if( errorCode!=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR ||
+        length!=LENGTHOF(expected) || dest[0]!=0xffff
+    ) {
+        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(pure preflighting) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
+    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
+                                       (const char *)shortSrc, LENGTHOF(shortSrc),
+                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
+    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
+        length!=LENGTHOF(shortExpected) || 0!=memcmp(dest, shortExpected, length) ||
+        dest[length]!=0 ||
+        numSubstitutions!=0
+    ) {
+        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(short) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
+    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
+                                       (const char *)asciiNul, -1,
+                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
+    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
+        length!=LENGTHOF(asciiNulExpected) || 0!=memcmp(dest, asciiNulExpected, length) ||
+        dest[length]!=0 ||
+        numSubstitutions!=0
+    ) {
+        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(asciiNul) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
+    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
+                                       NULL, 0, 0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
+    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
+        length!=0 || dest[0]!=0 ||
+        numSubstitutions!=0
+    ) {
+        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(empty) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
+    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
+                                       (const char *)invalid, LENGTHOF(invalid),
+                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
+    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
+        length!=LENGTHOF(invalidExpectedFFFD) || 0!=memcmp(dest, invalidExpectedFFFD, length) ||
+        dest[length]!=0 ||
+        numSubstitutions!=LENGTHOF(invalidExpectedFFFD)
+    ) {
+        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(invalid->fffd) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
+    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
+                                       (const char *)invalid, LENGTHOF(invalid),
+                                       0x50000, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
+    if( U_FAILURE(errorCode) || p!=dest ||
+        length!=LENGTHOF(invalidExpected50000) || 0!=memcmp(dest, invalidExpected50000, length) ||
+        dest[length]!=0 ||
+        numSubstitutions!=LENGTHOF(invalidExpectedFFFD)  /* not ...50000 */
+    ) {
+        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(invalid->50000) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
+    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
+                                       (const char *)invalid, LENGTHOF(invalid),
+                                       U_SENTINEL, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND || dest[0]!=0xffff || numSubstitutions!=0) {
+        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(invalid->error) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
+    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, (int32_t)sizeof(dest), &length,
+                                       (const char *)src, LENGTHOF(src),
+                                       U_SENTINEL, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
+    if( errorCode!=U_INVALID_CHAR_FOUND ||
+        length>=LENGTHOF(expected) || dest[LENGTHOF(expected)-1]!=0xffff ||
+        numSubstitutions!=0
+    ) {
+        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(normal->error) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+
+    /* illegal arguments */
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
+    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(NULL, sizeof(dest), &length,
+                                       (const char *)src, LENGTHOF(src),
+                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR || dest[0]!=0xffff) {
+        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest=NULL) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
+    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, -1, &length,
+                                       (const char *)src, LENGTHOF(src),
+                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR || dest[0]!=0xffff) {
+        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(destCapacity<0) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
+    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, sizeof(dest), &length,
+                                       NULL, LENGTHOF(src),
+                                       0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR || dest[0]!=0xffff) {
+        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(src=NULL) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
+    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, sizeof(dest), &length,
+                                       NULL, -1, 0xfffd, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR || dest[0]!=0xffff) {
+        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(src=NULL, srcLength<0) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
+    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, sizeof(dest), &length,
+                                       (const char *)src, LENGTHOF(src),
+                                       0x110000, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR || dest[0]!=0xffff) {
+        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(subchar=U_SENTINEL) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+    memset(dest, 0xff, sizeof(dest));
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    length=numSubstitutions=-5;
+    p=u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest, sizeof(dest), &length,
+                                       (const char *)src, LENGTHOF(src),
+                                       0xdfff, &numSubstitutions, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR || dest[0]!=0xffff) {
+        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(subchar is surrogate) failed - %s\n", u_errorName(errorCode));
+    }
+}
+
+/* test that string transformation functions permit NULL source pointer when source length==0 */
+static void TestNullEmptySource() {
+    char dest8[4]={ 3, 3, 3, 3 };
+    UChar dest16[4]={ 3, 3, 3, 3 };
+    UChar32 dest32[4]={ 3, 3, 3, 3 };
+#if (defined(U_WCHAR_IS_UTF16) || defined(U_WCHAR_IS_UTF32)) || (!UCONFIG_NO_CONVERSION && !UCONFIG_NO_LEGACY_CONVERSION)
+    wchar_t destW[4]={ 3, 3, 3, 3 };
+#endif
+
+    int32_t length;
+    UErrorCode errorCode;
+
+    /* u_strFromXyz() */
+
+    dest16[0]=3;
+    length=3;
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strFromUTF8(dest16, LENGTHOF(dest16), &length, NULL, 0, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || dest16[0]!=0 || dest16[1]!=3) {
+        log_err("u_strFromUTF8(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
+    }
+
+    dest16[0]=3;
+    length=3;
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strFromUTF8WithSub(dest16, LENGTHOF(dest16), &length, NULL, 0, 0xfffd, NULL, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || dest16[0]!=0 || dest16[1]!=3) {
+        log_err("u_strFromUTF8WithSub(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
+    }
+
+    dest16[0]=3;
+    length=3;
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strFromUTF8Lenient(dest16, LENGTHOF(dest16), &length, NULL, 0, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || dest16[0]!=0 || dest16[1]!=3) {
+        log_err("u_strFromUTF8Lenient(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
+    }
+
+    dest16[0]=3;
+    length=3;
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strFromUTF32(dest16, LENGTHOF(dest16), &length, NULL, 0, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || dest16[0]!=0 || dest16[1]!=3) {
+        log_err("u_strFromUTF32(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
+    }
+
+    dest16[0]=3;
+    length=3;
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strFromUTF32WithSub(dest16, LENGTHOF(dest16), &length, NULL, 0, 0xfffd, NULL, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || dest16[0]!=0 || dest16[1]!=3) {
+        log_err("u_strFromUTF32WithSub(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
+    }
+
+    dest16[0]=3;
+    length=3;
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(dest16, LENGTHOF(dest16), &length, NULL, 0, 0xfffd, NULL, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || dest16[0]!=0 || dest16[1]!=3) {
+        log_err("u_strFromJavaModifiedUTF8WithSub(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
+    }
+
+    /* u_strToXyz() */
+
+    dest8[0]=3;
+    length=3;
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strToUTF8(dest8, LENGTHOF(dest8), &length, NULL, 0, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || dest8[0]!=0 || dest8[1]!=3) {
+        log_err("u_strToUTF8(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
+    }
+
+    dest8[0]=3;
+    length=3;
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strToUTF8WithSub(dest8, LENGTHOF(dest8), &length, NULL, 0, 0xfffd, NULL, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || dest8[0]!=0 || dest8[1]!=3) {
+        log_err("u_strToUTF8(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
+    }
+
+    dest32[0]=3;
+    length=3;
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strToUTF32(dest32, LENGTHOF(dest32), &length, NULL, 0, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || dest32[0]!=0 || dest32[1]!=3) {
+        log_err("u_strToUTF32(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
+    }
+
+    dest32[0]=3;
+    length=3;
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strToUTF32WithSub(dest32, LENGTHOF(dest32), &length, NULL, 0, 0xfffd, NULL, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || dest32[0]!=0 || dest32[1]!=3) {
+        log_err("u_strToUTF32WithSub(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
+    }
+
+    dest8[0]=3;
+    length=3;
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(dest8, LENGTHOF(dest8), &length, NULL, 0, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || dest8[0]!=0 || dest8[1]!=3) {
+        log_err("u_strToJavaModifiedUTF8(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
+    }
+
+#if (defined(U_WCHAR_IS_UTF16) || defined(U_WCHAR_IS_UTF32)) || (!UCONFIG_NO_CONVERSION && !UCONFIG_NO_LEGACY_CONVERSION)
+
+    dest16[0]=3;
+    length=3;
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strFromWCS(dest16, LENGTHOF(dest16), &length, NULL, 0, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || dest16[0]!=0 || dest16[1]!=3) {
+        log_err("u_strFromWCS(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
+    }
+
+    destW[0]=3;
+    length=3;
+    errorCode=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_strToWCS(destW, LENGTHOF(destW), &length, NULL, 0, &errorCode);
+    if(errorCode!=U_ZERO_ERROR || length!=0 || destW[0]!=0 || destW[1]!=3) {
+        log_err("u_strToWCS(source=NULL, sourceLength=0) failed\n");
+    }
+
+#endif
+}