Check in the pristine copy of ICU 4.6...

icu46/source/test/cintltst/capitst.c

+/********************************************************************
+ * Copyright (c) 1997-2010 International Business Machines
+ * Corporation and others. All Rights Reserved.
+ ********************************************************************/
+/*****************************************************************************
+*
+* File CAPITEST.C
+*
+* Modification History:
+*        Name                     Description
+*     Madhu Katragadda             Ported for C API
+*     Brian Rower                  Added TestOpenVsOpenRules
+******************************************************************************
+*//* C API TEST For COLLATOR */
+
+#include "unicode/utypes.h"
+
+#if !UCONFIG_NO_COLLATION
+
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include "unicode/uloc.h"
+#include "unicode/ulocdata.h"
+#include "unicode/ustring.h"
+#include "unicode/ures.h"
+#include "unicode/ucoleitr.h"
+#include "cintltst.h"
+#include "capitst.h"
+#include "ccolltst.h"
+#include "putilimp.h"
+#include "cmemory.h"
+#include "cstring.h"
+
+static void TestAttribute(void);
+static void TestDefault(void);
+static void TestDefaultKeyword(void);
+        int TestBufferSize();    /* defined in "colutil.c" */
+
+
+
+
+/* next two function is modified from "i18n/ucol.cpp" to avoid include "ucol_imp.h" */
+static void uprv_appendByteToHexString(char *dst, uint8_t val) {
+  uint32_t len = (uint32_t)strlen(dst);
+  sprintf(dst+len, "%02X", val);
+}
+
+static char* U_EXPORT2 ucol_sortKeyToString(const UCollator *coll, const uint8_t *sortkey, char *buffer, uint32_t *len) {
+  int32_t strength = UCOL_PRIMARY;
+  uint32_t res_size = 0;
+  UBool doneCase = FALSE;
+
+  char *current = buffer;
+  const uint8_t *currentSk = sortkey;
+
+  UErrorCode error_code = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+
+  strcpy(current, "[");
+
+  while(strength <= UCOL_QUATERNARY && strength <= ucol_getAttribute(coll,UCOL_STRENGTH, &error_code)) {
+    if(U_FAILURE(error_code)) {
+      log_err("ucol_getAttribute returned error: %s\n", u_errorName(error_code));
+    }
+    if(strength > UCOL_PRIMARY) {
+      strcat(current, " . ");
+    }
+    while(*currentSk != 0x01 && *currentSk != 0x00) { /* print a level */
+      uprv_appendByteToHexString(current, *currentSk++);
+      strcat(current, " ");
+    }
+    if(ucol_getAttribute(coll,UCOL_CASE_LEVEL, &error_code) == UCOL_ON && strength == UCOL_SECONDARY && doneCase == FALSE) {
+        doneCase = TRUE;
+    } else if(ucol_getAttribute(coll,UCOL_CASE_LEVEL, &error_code) == UCOL_OFF || doneCase == TRUE || strength != UCOL_SECONDARY) {
+      strength ++;
+    }
+    if(U_FAILURE(error_code)) {
+      log_err("ucol_getAttribute returned error: %s\n", u_errorName(error_code));
+    }
+    uprv_appendByteToHexString(current, *currentSk++); /* This should print '01' */
+    if(strength == UCOL_QUATERNARY && ucol_getAttribute(coll,UCOL_ALTERNATE_HANDLING, &error_code) == UCOL_NON_IGNORABLE) {
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+
+  if(ucol_getAttribute(coll,UCOL_STRENGTH, &error_code) == UCOL_IDENTICAL) {
+    strcat(current, " . ");
+    while(*currentSk != 0) {
+      uprv_appendByteToHexString(current, *currentSk++);
+      strcat(current, " ");
+    }
+
+    uprv_appendByteToHexString(current, *currentSk++);
+  }
+  if(U_FAILURE(error_code)) {
+    log_err("ucol_getAttribute returned error: %s\n", u_errorName(error_code));
+  }
+  strcat(current, "]");
+
+  if(res_size > *len) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  return buffer;
+}
+/* end of  avoid include "ucol_imp.h" */
+
+
+void addCollAPITest(TestNode** root)
+{
+    /* WEIVTODO: return tests here */
+    addTest(root, &TestProperty,      "tscoll/capitst/TestProperty");
+    addTest(root, &TestRuleBasedColl, "tscoll/capitst/TestRuleBasedColl");
+    addTest(root, &TestCompare,       "tscoll/capitst/TestCompare");
+    addTest(root, &TestSortKey,       "tscoll/capitst/TestSortKey");
+    addTest(root, &TestHashCode,      "tscoll/capitst/TestHashCode");
+    addTest(root, &TestElemIter,      "tscoll/capitst/TestElemIter");
+    addTest(root, &TestGetAll,        "tscoll/capitst/TestGetAll");
+    /*addTest(root, &TestGetDefaultRules, "tscoll/capitst/TestGetDefaultRules");*/
+    addTest(root, &TestDecomposition, "tscoll/capitst/TestDecomposition");
+    addTest(root, &TestSafeClone, "tscoll/capitst/TestSafeClone");
+    addTest(root, &TestCloneBinary, "tscoll/capitst/TestCloneBinary");
+    addTest(root, &TestGetSetAttr, "tscoll/capitst/TestGetSetAttr");
+    addTest(root, &TestBounds, "tscoll/capitst/TestBounds");
+    addTest(root, &TestGetLocale, "tscoll/capitst/TestGetLocale");
+    addTest(root, &TestSortKeyBufferOverrun, "tscoll/capitst/TestSortKeyBufferOverrun");
+    addTest(root, &TestAttribute, "tscoll/capitst/TestAttribute");
+    addTest(root, &TestGetTailoredSet, "tscoll/capitst/TestGetTailoredSet");
+    addTest(root, &TestMergeSortKeys, "tscoll/capitst/TestMergeSortKeys");
+    addTest(root, &TestShortString, "tscoll/capitst/TestShortString");
+    addTest(root, &TestGetContractionsAndUnsafes, "tscoll/capitst/TestGetContractionsAndUnsafes");
+    addTest(root, &TestOpenBinary, "tscoll/capitst/TestOpenBinary");
+    addTest(root, &TestDefault, "tscoll/capitst/TestDefault");
+    addTest(root, &TestDefaultKeyword, "tscoll/capitst/TestDefaultKeyword");
+    addTest(root, &TestOpenVsOpenRules, "tscoll/capitst/TestOpenVsOpenRules");
+    addTest(root, &TestGetKeywordValuesForLocale, "tscoll/capitst/TestGetKeywordValuesForLocale");
+}
+
+void TestGetSetAttr(void) {
+  UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+  UCollator *coll = ucol_open(NULL, &status);
+  struct attrTest {
+    UColAttribute att;
+    UColAttributeValue val[5];
+    uint32_t valueSize;
+    UColAttributeValue nonValue;
+  } attrs[] = {
+    {UCOL_FRENCH_COLLATION, {UCOL_ON, UCOL_OFF}, 2, UCOL_SHIFTED},
+    {UCOL_ALTERNATE_HANDLING, {UCOL_NON_IGNORABLE, UCOL_SHIFTED}, 2, UCOL_OFF},/* attribute for handling variable elements*/
+    {UCOL_CASE_FIRST, {UCOL_OFF, UCOL_LOWER_FIRST, UCOL_UPPER_FIRST}, 3, UCOL_SHIFTED},/* who goes first, lower case or uppercase */
+    {UCOL_CASE_LEVEL, {UCOL_ON, UCOL_OFF}, 2, UCOL_SHIFTED},/* do we have an extra case level */
+    {UCOL_NORMALIZATION_MODE, {UCOL_ON, UCOL_OFF}, 2, UCOL_SHIFTED},/* attribute for normalization */
+    {UCOL_DECOMPOSITION_MODE, {UCOL_ON, UCOL_OFF}, 2, UCOL_SHIFTED},
+    {UCOL_STRENGTH,         {UCOL_PRIMARY, UCOL_SECONDARY, UCOL_TERTIARY, UCOL_QUATERNARY, UCOL_IDENTICAL}, 5, UCOL_SHIFTED},/* attribute for strength */
+    {UCOL_HIRAGANA_QUATERNARY_MODE, {UCOL_ON, UCOL_OFF}, 2, UCOL_SHIFTED},/* when turned on, this attribute */
+  };
+  UColAttribute currAttr;
+  UColAttributeValue value;
+  uint32_t i = 0, j = 0;
+
+  if (coll == NULL) {
+    log_err_status(status, "Unable to open collator. %s\n", u_errorName(status));
+    return;
+  } 
+  for(i = 0; i<sizeof(attrs)/sizeof(attrs[0]); i++) {
+    currAttr = attrs[i].att;
+    ucol_setAttribute(coll, currAttr, UCOL_DEFAULT, &status);
+    if(U_FAILURE(status)) {
+      log_err_status(status, "ucol_setAttribute with the default value returned error: %s\n", u_errorName(status));
+      break;
+    }
+    value = ucol_getAttribute(coll, currAttr, &status);
+    if(U_FAILURE(status)) {
+      log_err("ucol_getAttribute returned error: %s\n", u_errorName(status));
+      break;
+    }
+    for(j = 0; j<attrs[i].valueSize; j++) {
+      ucol_setAttribute(coll, currAttr, attrs[i].val[j], &status);
+      if(U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err("ucol_setAttribute with the value %i returned error: %s\n", attrs[i].val[j], u_errorName(status));
+        break;
+      }
+    }
+    status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    ucol_setAttribute(coll, currAttr, attrs[i].nonValue, &status);
+    if(U_SUCCESS(status)) {
+      log_err("ucol_setAttribute with the bad value didn't return an error\n");
+      break;
+    }
+    status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+
+    ucol_setAttribute(coll, currAttr, value, &status);
+    if(U_FAILURE(status)) {
+      log_err("ucol_setAttribute with the default valuereturned error: %s\n", u_errorName(status));
+      break;
+    }
+  }
+  status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+  value = ucol_getAttribute(coll, UCOL_ATTRIBUTE_COUNT, &status);
+  if(U_SUCCESS(status)) {
+    log_err("ucol_getAttribute for UCOL_ATTRIBUTE_COUNT didn't return an error\n");
+  }
+  status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+  ucol_setAttribute(coll, UCOL_ATTRIBUTE_COUNT, UCOL_DEFAULT, &status);
+  if(U_SUCCESS(status)) {
+    log_err("ucol_setAttribute for UCOL_ATTRIBUTE_COUNT didn't return an error\n");
+  }
+  status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+  ucol_close(coll);
+}
+
+
+static void doAssert(int condition, const char *message)
+{
+    if (condition==0) {
+        log_err("ERROR :  %s\n", message);
+    }
+}
+
+#if 0
+/* We don't have default rules, at least not in the previous sense */
+void TestGetDefaultRules(){
+    uint32_t size=0;
+    UErrorCode status=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    UCollator *coll=NULL;
+    int32_t len1 = 0, len2=0;
+    uint8_t *binColData = NULL;
+
+    UResourceBundle *res = NULL;
+    UResourceBundle *binColl = NULL;
+    uint8_t *binResult = NULL;
+
+
+    const UChar * defaultRulesArray=ucol_getDefaultRulesArray(&size);
+    log_verbose("Test the function ucol_getDefaultRulesArray()\n");
+
+    coll = ucol_openRules(defaultRulesArray, size, UCOL_ON, UCOL_PRIMARY, &status);
+    if(U_SUCCESS(status) && coll !=NULL) {
+        binColData = (uint8_t*)ucol_cloneRuleData(coll, &len1, &status);
+
+    }
+
+
+    status=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    res=ures_open(NULL, "root", &status);
+    if(U_FAILURE(status)){
+        log_err("ERROR: Failed to get resource for \"root Locale\" with %s", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+    binColl=ures_getByKey(res, "%%Collation", binColl, &status);
+    if(U_SUCCESS(status)){
+        binResult=(uint8_t*)ures_getBinary(binColl,  &len2, &status);
+        if(U_FAILURE(status)){
+            log_err("ERROR: ures_getBinary() failed\n");
+        }
+    }else{
+        log_err("ERROR: ures_getByKey(locale(default), %%Collation) failed");
+    }
+
+
+    if(len1 != len2){
+        log_err("Error: ucol_getDefaultRulesArray() failed to return the correct length.\n");
+    }
+    if(memcmp(binColData, binResult, len1) != 0){
+        log_err("Error: ucol_getDefaultRulesArray() failed\n");
+    }
+
+    free(binColData);
+    ures_close(binColl);
+    ures_close(res);
+    ucol_close(coll);
+
+}
+#endif
+
+/* Collator Properties
+ ucol_open, ucol_strcoll,  getStrength/setStrength
+ getDecomposition/setDecomposition, getDisplayName*/
+void TestProperty()
+{
+    UCollator *col, *ruled;
+    UChar *disName;
+    int32_t len = 0;
+    UChar *source, *target;
+    int32_t tempLength;
+    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    /*
+     * Expected version of the English collator.
+     * Currently, the major/minor version numbers change when the builder code
+     * changes,
+     * number 2 is from the tailoring data version and
+     * number 3 is the UCA version.
+     * This changes with every UCA version change, and the expected value
+     * needs to be adjusted.
+     * Same in intltest/apicoll.cpp.
+     */
+    UVersionInfo currVersionArray = {0x31, 0xC0, 0x05, 0x2A};  /* from ICU 4.4/UCA 5.2 */
+    UVersionInfo versionArray = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+    UVersionInfo versionUCAArray = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+    UVersionInfo versionUCDArray = {0, 0, 0, 0};
+
+    log_verbose("The property tests begin : \n");
+    log_verbose("Test ucol_strcoll : \n");
+    col = ucol_open("en_US", &status);
+    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err_status(status, "Default Collator creation failed.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    ucol_getVersion(col, versionArray);
+    /* Check for a version greater than some value rather than equality
+     * so that we need not update the expected version each time. */
+    if (uprv_memcmp(versionArray, currVersionArray, 4)<0) {
+      log_err("Testing ucol_getVersion() - unexpected result: %02x.%02x.%02x.%02x\n",
+              versionArray[0], versionArray[1], versionArray[2], versionArray[3]);
+    } else {
+      log_verbose("ucol_getVersion() result: %02x.%02x.%02x.%02x\n",
+                  versionArray[0], versionArray[1], versionArray[2], versionArray[3]);
+    }
+
+    /* Assume that the UCD and UCA versions are the same,
+     * rather than hardcoding (and updating each time) a particular UCA version. */
+    u_getUnicodeVersion(versionUCDArray);
+    ucol_getUCAVersion(col, versionUCAArray);
+    if (0!=uprv_memcmp(versionUCAArray, versionUCDArray, 4)) {
+      log_err("Testing ucol_getUCAVersion() - unexpected result: %hu.%hu.%hu.%hu\n",
+              versionUCAArray[0], versionUCAArray[1], versionUCAArray[2], versionUCAArray[3]);
+    }
+
+    source=(UChar*)malloc(sizeof(UChar) * 12);
+    target=(UChar*)malloc(sizeof(UChar) * 12);
+
+
+    u_uastrcpy(source, "ab");
+    u_uastrcpy(target, "abc");
+
+    doAssert((ucol_strcoll(col, source, u_strlen(source), target, u_strlen(target)) == UCOL_LESS), "ab < abc comparison failed");
+
+    u_uastrcpy(source, "ab");
+    u_uastrcpy(target, "AB");
+
+    doAssert((ucol_strcoll(col, source, u_strlen(source), target, u_strlen(target)) == UCOL_LESS), "ab < AB comparison failed");
+/*    u_uastrcpy(source, "black-bird");
+    u_uastrcpy(target, "blackbird"); */
+    u_uastrcpy(target, "black-bird");
+    u_uastrcpy(source, "blackbird");
+
+    doAssert((ucol_strcoll(col, source, u_strlen(source), target, u_strlen(target)) == UCOL_GREATER),
+        "black-bird > blackbird comparison failed");
+    u_uastrcpy(source, "black bird");
+    u_uastrcpy(target, "black-bird");
+    doAssert((ucol_strcoll(col, source, u_strlen(source), target, u_strlen(target)) == UCOL_LESS),
+        "black bird < black-bird comparison failed");
+    u_uastrcpy(source, "Hello");
+    u_uastrcpy(target, "hello");
+
+    doAssert((ucol_strcoll(col, source, u_strlen(source), target, u_strlen(target)) == UCOL_GREATER),
+        "Hello > hello comparison failed");
+    free(source);
+    free(target);
+    log_verbose("Test ucol_strcoll ends.\n");
+
+    log_verbose("testing ucol_getStrength() method ...\n");
+    doAssert( (ucol_getStrength(col) == UCOL_TERTIARY), "collation object has the wrong strength");
+    doAssert( (ucol_getStrength(col) != UCOL_PRIMARY), "collation object's strength is primary difference");
+
+    log_verbose("testing ucol_setStrength() method ...\n");
+    ucol_setStrength(col, UCOL_SECONDARY);
+    doAssert( (ucol_getStrength(col) != UCOL_TERTIARY), "collation object's strength is secondary difference");
+    doAssert( (ucol_getStrength(col) != UCOL_PRIMARY), "collation object's strength is primary difference");
+    doAssert( (ucol_getStrength(col) == UCOL_SECONDARY), "collation object has the wrong strength");
+
+
+    log_verbose("Get display name for the default collation in German : \n");
+
+    len=ucol_getDisplayName("en_US", "de_DE", NULL, 0,  &status);
+    if(status==U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){
+        status=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        disName=(UChar*)malloc(sizeof(UChar) * (len+1));
+        ucol_getDisplayName("en_US", "de_DE", disName, len+1,  &status);
+        log_verbose("the display name for default collation in german: %s\n", austrdup(disName) );
+        free(disName);
+    }
+    if(U_FAILURE(status)){
+        log_err("ERROR: in getDisplayName: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+    log_verbose("Default collation getDisplayName ended.\n");
+
+    ruled = ucol_open("da_DK", &status);
+    log_verbose("ucol_getRules() testing ...\n");
+    ucol_getRules(ruled, &tempLength);
+    doAssert( tempLength != 0, "getRules() result incorrect" );
+    log_verbose("getRules tests end.\n");
+    {
+        UChar *buffer = (UChar *)malloc(200000*sizeof(UChar));
+        int32_t bufLen = 200000;
+        buffer[0] = '\0';
+        log_verbose("ucol_getRulesEx() testing ...\n");
+        tempLength = ucol_getRulesEx(col,UCOL_TAILORING_ONLY,buffer,bufLen );
+        doAssert( tempLength == 0x00, "getRulesEx() result incorrect" );
+        log_verbose("getRules tests end.\n");
+
+        log_verbose("ucol_getRulesEx() testing ...\n");
+        tempLength=ucol_getRulesEx(col,UCOL_FULL_RULES,buffer,bufLen );
+        doAssert( tempLength != 0, "getRulesEx() result incorrect" );
+        log_verbose("getRules tests end.\n");
+        free(buffer);
+    }
+    ucol_close(ruled);
+    ucol_close(col);
+
+    log_verbose("open an collator for french locale");
+    col = ucol_open("fr_FR", &status);
+    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
+       log_err("ERROR: Creating French collation failed.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+    ucol_setStrength(col, UCOL_PRIMARY);
+    log_verbose("testing ucol_getStrength() method again ...\n");
+    doAssert( (ucol_getStrength(col) != UCOL_TERTIARY), "collation object has the wrong strength");
+    doAssert( (ucol_getStrength(col) == UCOL_PRIMARY), "collation object's strength is not primary difference");
+
+    log_verbose("testing French ucol_setStrength() method ...\n");
+    ucol_setStrength(col, UCOL_TERTIARY);
+    doAssert( (ucol_getStrength(col) == UCOL_TERTIARY), "collation object's strength is not tertiary difference");
+    doAssert( (ucol_getStrength(col) != UCOL_PRIMARY), "collation object's strength is primary difference");
+    doAssert( (ucol_getStrength(col) != UCOL_SECONDARY), "collation object's strength is secondary difference");
+    ucol_close(col);
+
+    log_verbose("Get display name for the french collation in english : \n");
+    len=ucol_getDisplayName("fr_FR", "en_US", NULL, 0,  &status);
+    if(status==U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR){
+        status=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        disName=(UChar*)malloc(sizeof(UChar) * (len+1));
+        ucol_getDisplayName("fr_FR", "en_US", disName, len+1,  &status);
+        log_verbose("the display name for french collation in english: %s\n", austrdup(disName) );
+        free(disName);
+    }
+    if(U_FAILURE(status)){
+        log_err("ERROR: in getDisplayName: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+    log_verbose("Default collation getDisplayName ended.\n");
+
+}
+
+/* Test RuleBasedCollator and getRules*/
+void TestRuleBasedColl()
+{
+    UCollator *col1, *col2, *col3, *col4;
+    UCollationElements *iter1, *iter2;
+    UChar ruleset1[60];
+    UChar ruleset2[50];
+    UChar teststr[10];
+    UChar teststr2[10];
+    const UChar *rule1, *rule2, *rule3, *rule4;
+    int32_t tempLength;
+    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    u_uastrcpy(ruleset1, "&9 < a, A < b, B < c, C; ch, cH, Ch, CH < d, D, e, E");
+    u_uastrcpy(ruleset2, "&9 < a, A < b, B < c, C < d, D, e, E");
+
+
+    col1 = ucol_openRules(ruleset1, u_strlen(ruleset1), UCOL_DEFAULT, UCOL_DEFAULT_STRENGTH, NULL,&status);
+    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err_status(status, "RuleBased Collator creation failed.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+    else
+        log_verbose("PASS: RuleBased Collator creation passed\n");
+
+    status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    col2 = ucol_openRules(ruleset2, u_strlen(ruleset2),  UCOL_DEFAULT, UCOL_DEFAULT_STRENGTH, NULL, &status);
+    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err("RuleBased Collator creation failed.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+    else
+        log_verbose("PASS: RuleBased Collator creation passed\n");
+
+
+    status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    col3= ucol_open(NULL, &status);
+    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err("Default Collator creation failed.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+    else
+        log_verbose("PASS: Default Collator creation passed\n");
+
+    rule1 = ucol_getRules(col1, &tempLength);
+    rule2 = ucol_getRules(col2, &tempLength);
+    rule3 = ucol_getRules(col3, &tempLength);
+
+    doAssert((u_strcmp(rule1, rule2) != 0), "Default collator getRules failed");
+    doAssert((u_strcmp(rule2, rule3) != 0), "Default collator getRules failed");
+    doAssert((u_strcmp(rule1, rule3) != 0), "Default collator getRules failed");
+
+    col4=ucol_openRules(rule2, u_strlen(rule2), UCOL_DEFAULT, UCOL_DEFAULT_STRENGTH, NULL, &status);
+    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err("RuleBased Collator creation failed.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+    rule4= ucol_getRules(col4, &tempLength);
+    doAssert((u_strcmp(rule2, rule4) == 0), "Default collator getRules failed");
+
+    ucol_close(col1);
+    ucol_close(col2);
+    ucol_close(col3);
+    ucol_close(col4);
+
+    /* tests that modifier ! is always ignored */
+    u_uastrcpy(ruleset1, "!&a<b");
+    teststr[0] = 0x0e40;
+    teststr[1] = 0x0e01;
+    teststr[2] = 0x0e2d;
+    col1 = ucol_openRules(ruleset1, u_strlen(ruleset1), UCOL_DEFAULT, UCOL_DEFAULT_STRENGTH, NULL, &status);
+    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err("RuleBased Collator creation failed.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+    col2 = ucol_open("en_US", &status);
+    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err("en_US Collator creation failed.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+    iter1 = ucol_openElements(col1, teststr, 3, &status);
+    iter2 = ucol_openElements(col2, teststr, 3, &status);
+    if(U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err("ERROR: CollationElement iterator creation failed.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+    while (TRUE) {
+        /* testing with en since thai has its own tailoring */
+        uint32_t ce = ucol_next(iter1, &status);
+        uint32_t ce2 = ucol_next(iter2, &status);
+        if(U_FAILURE(status)) {
+            log_err("ERROR: CollationElement iterator creation failed.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+            return;
+        }
+        if (ce2 != ce) {
+             log_err("! modifier test failed");
+        }
+        if (ce == UCOL_NULLORDER) {
+            break;
+        }
+    }
+    ucol_closeElements(iter1);
+    ucol_closeElements(iter2);
+    ucol_close(col1);
+    ucol_close(col2);
+    /* test that we can start a rule without a & or < */
+    u_uastrcpy(ruleset1, "< z < a");
+    col1 = ucol_openRules(ruleset1, u_strlen(ruleset1), UCOL_DEFAULT, UCOL_DEFAULT_STRENGTH, NULL, &status);
+    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err("RuleBased Collator creation failed.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+    u_uastrcpy(teststr, "z");
+    u_uastrcpy(teststr2, "a");
+    if (ucol_greaterOrEqual(col1, teststr, 1, teststr2, 1)) {
+        log_err("Rule \"z < a\" fails");
+    }
+    ucol_close(col1);
+}
+
+void TestCompare()
+{
+    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    UCollator *col;
+    UChar* test1;
+    UChar* test2;
+
+    log_verbose("The compare tests begin : \n");
+    status=U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    col = ucol_open("en_US", &status);
+    if(U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err_status(status, "ucal_open() collation creation failed.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+    test1=(UChar*)malloc(sizeof(UChar) * 6);
+    test2=(UChar*)malloc(sizeof(UChar) * 6);
+    u_uastrcpy(test1, "Abcda");
+    u_uastrcpy(test2, "abcda");
+
+    log_verbose("Use tertiary comparison level testing ....\n");
+
+    doAssert( (!ucol_equal(col, test1, u_strlen(test1), test2, u_strlen(test2))), "Result should be \"Abcda\" != \"abcda\" ");
+    doAssert( (ucol_greater(col, test1, u_strlen(test1), test2, u_strlen(test2))), "Result should be \"Abcda\" >>> \"abcda\" ");
+    doAssert( (ucol_greaterOrEqual(col, test1, u_strlen(test1), test2, u_strlen(test2))), "Result should be \"Abcda\" >>> \"abcda\"");
+
+    ucol_setStrength(col, UCOL_SECONDARY);
+    log_verbose("Use secondary comparison level testing ....\n");
+
+    doAssert( (ucol_equal(col, test1, u_strlen(test1), test2, u_strlen(test2) )), "Result should be \"Abcda\" == \"abcda\"");
+    doAssert( (!ucol_greater(col, test1, u_strlen(test1), test2, u_strlen(test2))), "Result should be \"Abcda\" == \"abcda\"");
+    doAssert( (ucol_greaterOrEqual(col, test1, u_strlen(test1), test2, u_strlen(test2) )), "Result should be \"Abcda\" == \"abcda\"");
+
+    ucol_setStrength(col, UCOL_PRIMARY);
+    log_verbose("Use primary comparison level testing ....\n");
+
+    doAssert( (ucol_equal(col, test1, u_strlen(test1), test2, u_strlen(test2))), "Result should be \"Abcda\" == \"abcda\"");
+    doAssert( (!ucol_greater(col, test1, u_strlen(test1), test2, u_strlen(test2))), "Result should be \"Abcda\" == \"abcda\"");
+    doAssert( (ucol_greaterOrEqual(col, test1, u_strlen(test1), test2, u_strlen(test2))), "Result should be \"Abcda\" == \"abcda\"");
+
+
+    log_verbose("The compare tests end.\n");
+    ucol_close(col);
+    free(test1);
+    free(test2);
+
+}
+/*
+---------------------------------------------
+ tests decomposition setting
+*/
+void TestDecomposition() {
+    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    UCollator *en_US, *el_GR, *vi_VN;
+    en_US = ucol_open("en_US", &status);
+    el_GR = ucol_open("el_GR", &status);
+    vi_VN = ucol_open("vi_VN", &status);
+
+    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err_status(status, "ERROR: collation creation failed.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    if (ucol_getAttribute(vi_VN, UCOL_NORMALIZATION_MODE, &status) != UCOL_ON ||
+        U_FAILURE(status))
+    {
+        log_err("ERROR: vi_VN collation did not have cannonical decomposition for normalization!\n");
+    }
+
+    status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    if (ucol_getAttribute(el_GR, UCOL_NORMALIZATION_MODE, &status) != UCOL_ON ||
+        U_FAILURE(status))
+    {
+        log_err("ERROR: el_GR collation did not have cannonical decomposition for normalization!\n");
+    }
+
+    status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    if (ucol_getAttribute(en_US, UCOL_NORMALIZATION_MODE, &status) != UCOL_OFF ||
+        U_FAILURE(status))
+    {
+        log_err("ERROR: en_US collation had cannonical decomposition for normalization!\n");
+    }
+
+    ucol_close(en_US);
+    ucol_close(el_GR);
+    ucol_close(vi_VN);
+}
+
+#define CLONETEST_COLLATOR_COUNT 4
+
+void TestSafeClone() {
+    UChar test1[6];
+    UChar test2[6];
+    static const UChar umlautUStr[] = {0x00DC, 0};
+    static const UChar oeStr[] = {0x0055, 0x0045, 0};
+    UCollator * someCollators [CLONETEST_COLLATOR_COUNT];
+    UCollator * someClonedCollators [CLONETEST_COLLATOR_COUNT];
+    UCollator * col;
+    UErrorCode err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    int8_t index = 6;    /* Leave this here to test buffer alingment in memory*/
+    uint8_t buffer [CLONETEST_COLLATOR_COUNT] [U_COL_SAFECLONE_BUFFERSIZE];
+    int32_t bufferSize = U_COL_SAFECLONE_BUFFERSIZE;
+    const char sampleRuleChars[] = "&Z < CH";
+    UChar sampleRule[sizeof(sampleRuleChars)];
+
+    if (TestBufferSize()) {
+        log_err("U_COL_SAFECLONE_BUFFERSIZE should be larger than sizeof(UCollator)\n");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    u_uastrcpy(test1, "abCda");
+    u_uastrcpy(test2, "abcda");
+    u_uastrcpy(sampleRule, sampleRuleChars);
+
+    /* one default collator & two complex ones */
+    someCollators[0] = ucol_open("en_US", &err);
+    someCollators[1] = ucol_open("ko", &err);
+    someCollators[2] = ucol_open("ja_JP", &err);
+    someCollators[3] = ucol_openRules(sampleRule, -1, UCOL_ON, UCOL_TERTIARY, NULL, &err);
+    if(U_FAILURE(err)) {
+        for (index = 0; index < CLONETEST_COLLATOR_COUNT; index++) {
+            ucol_close(someCollators[index]);
+        }
+        log_data_err("Couldn't open one or more collators\n");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /* Check the various error & informational states: */
+
+    /* Null status - just returns NULL */
+    if (0 != ucol_safeClone(someCollators[0], buffer[0], &bufferSize, 0))
+    {
+        log_err("FAIL: Cloned Collator failed to deal correctly with null status\n");
+    }
+    /* error status - should return 0 & keep error the same */
+    err = U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR;
+    if (0 != ucol_safeClone(someCollators[0], buffer[0], &bufferSize, &err) || err != U_MEMORY_ALLOCATION_ERROR)
+    {
+        log_err("FAIL: Cloned Collator failed to deal correctly with incoming error status\n");
+    }
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+
+    /* Null buffer size pointer - just returns NULL & set error to U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR*/
+    if (0 != ucol_safeClone(someCollators[0], buffer[0], 0, &err) || err != U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR)
+    {
+        log_err("FAIL: Cloned Collator failed to deal correctly with null bufferSize pointer\n");
+    }
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+
+    /* buffer size pointer is 0 - fill in pbufferSize with a size */
+    bufferSize = 0;
+    if (0 != ucol_safeClone(someCollators[0], buffer[0], &bufferSize, &err) || U_FAILURE(err) || bufferSize <= 0)
+    {
+        log_err("FAIL: Cloned Collator failed a sizing request ('preflighting')\n");
+    }
+    /* Verify our define is large enough  */
+    if (U_COL_SAFECLONE_BUFFERSIZE < bufferSize)
+    {
+        log_err("FAIL: Pre-calculated buffer size is too small\n");
+    }
+    /* Verify we can use this run-time calculated size */
+    if (0 == (col = ucol_safeClone(someCollators[0], buffer[0], &bufferSize, &err)) || U_FAILURE(err))
+    {
+        log_err("FAIL: Collator can't be cloned with run-time size\n");
+    }
+    if (col) ucol_close(col);
+    /* size one byte too small - should allocate & let us know */
+    --bufferSize;
+    if (0 == (col = ucol_safeClone(someCollators[0], 0, &bufferSize, &err)) || err != U_SAFECLONE_ALLOCATED_WARNING)
+    {
+        log_err("FAIL: Cloned Collator failed to deal correctly with too-small buffer size\n");
+    }
+    if (col) ucol_close(col);
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    bufferSize = U_COL_SAFECLONE_BUFFERSIZE;
+
+
+    /* Null buffer pointer - return Collator & set error to U_SAFECLONE_ALLOCATED_ERROR */
+    if (0 == (col = ucol_safeClone(someCollators[0], 0, &bufferSize, &err)) || err != U_SAFECLONE_ALLOCATED_WARNING)
+    {
+        log_err("FAIL: Cloned Collator failed to deal correctly with null buffer pointer\n");
+    }
+    if (col) ucol_close(col);
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+
+    /* Null Collator - return NULL & set U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR */
+    if (0 != ucol_safeClone(0, buffer[0], &bufferSize, &err) || err != U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR)
+    {
+        log_err("FAIL: Cloned Collator failed to deal correctly with null Collator pointer\n");
+    }
+
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+
+    /* Test that a cloned collator doesn't accidentally use UCA. */
+    col=ucol_open("de@collation=phonebook", &err);
+    bufferSize = U_COL_SAFECLONE_BUFFERSIZE;
+    someClonedCollators[0] = ucol_safeClone(col, buffer[0], &bufferSize, &err);
+    doAssert( (ucol_greater(col, umlautUStr, u_strlen(umlautUStr), oeStr, u_strlen(oeStr))), "Original German phonebook collation sorts differently than expected");
+    doAssert( (ucol_greater(someClonedCollators[0], umlautUStr, u_strlen(umlautUStr), oeStr, u_strlen(oeStr))), "Cloned German phonebook collation sorts differently than expected");
+    if (!ucol_equals(someClonedCollators[0], col)) {
+        log_err("FAIL: Cloned German phonebook collator is not equal to original.\n");
+    }
+    ucol_close(col);
+    ucol_close(someClonedCollators[0]);
+
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+
+    /* change orig & clone & make sure they are independent */
+
+    for (index = 0; index < CLONETEST_COLLATOR_COUNT; index++)
+    {
+        ucol_setStrength(someCollators[index], UCOL_IDENTICAL);
+        bufferSize = 1;
+        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        ucol_close(ucol_safeClone(someCollators[index], buffer[index], &bufferSize, &err));
+        if (err != U_SAFECLONE_ALLOCATED_WARNING) {
+            log_err("FAIL: collator number %d was not allocated.\n", index);
+            log_err("FAIL: status of Collator[%d] is %d  (hex: %x).\n", index, err, err);
+        }
+
+        bufferSize = U_COL_SAFECLONE_BUFFERSIZE;
+        err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        someClonedCollators[index] = ucol_safeClone(someCollators[index], buffer[index], &bufferSize, &err);
+        if (someClonedCollators[index] == NULL
+            || someClonedCollators[index] < (UCollator *)buffer[index]
+            || someClonedCollators[index] > (UCollator *)(buffer[index]+(U_COL_SAFECLONE_BUFFERSIZE-1)))
+        {
+            log_err("FAIL: Cloned collator didn't use provided buffer.\n");
+            return;
+        }
+        if (!ucol_equals(someClonedCollators[index], someCollators[index])) {
+            log_err("FAIL: Cloned collator is not equal to original at index = %d.\n", index);
+        }
+
+        /* Check the usability */
+        ucol_setStrength(someCollators[index], UCOL_PRIMARY);
+        ucol_setAttribute(someCollators[index], UCOL_CASE_LEVEL, UCOL_OFF, &err);
+
+        doAssert( (ucol_equal(someCollators[index], test1, u_strlen(test1), test2, u_strlen(test2))), "Result should be \"abcda\" == \"abCda\"");
+
+        /* Close the original to make sure that the clone is usable. */
+        ucol_close(someCollators[index]);
+
+        ucol_setStrength(someClonedCollators[index], UCOL_TERTIARY);
+        ucol_setAttribute(someClonedCollators[index], UCOL_CASE_LEVEL, UCOL_OFF, &err);
+        doAssert( (ucol_greater(someClonedCollators[index], test1, u_strlen(test1), test2, u_strlen(test2))), "Result should be \"abCda\" >>> \"abcda\" ");
+
+        ucol_close(someClonedCollators[index]);
+    }
+}
+
+void TestCloneBinary(){
+    UErrorCode err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    UCollator * col = ucol_open("en_US", &err);
+    UCollator * c;
+    int32_t size;
+    uint8_t * buffer;
+
+    if (U_FAILURE(err)) {
+        log_data_err("Couldn't open collator. Error: %s\n", u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    size = ucol_cloneBinary(col, NULL, 0, &err);
+    if(size==0 || err!=U_BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR) {
+        log_err("ucol_cloneBinary - couldn't check size. Error: %s\n", u_errorName(err));
+        return;
+    }
+    err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+
+    buffer = (uint8_t *) malloc(size);
+    ucol_cloneBinary(col, buffer, size, &err);
+    if(U_FAILURE(err)) {
+        log_err("ucol_cloneBinary - couldn't clone.. Error: %s\n", u_errorName(err));
+        free(buffer);
+        return;
+    }
+
+    /* how to check binary result ? */
+
+    c = ucol_openBinary(buffer, size, col, &err);
+    if(U_FAILURE(err)) {
+        log_err("ucol_openBinary failed. Error: %s\n", u_errorName(err));
+    } else {
+        UChar t[] = {0x41, 0x42, 0x43, 0};  /* ABC */
+        uint8_t  *k1, *k2;
+        int l1, l2;
+        l1 = ucol_getSortKey(col, t, -1, NULL,0);
+        l2 = ucol_getSortKey(c, t, -1, NULL,0);
+        k1 = (uint8_t *) malloc(sizeof(uint8_t) * l1);
+        k2 = (uint8_t *) malloc(sizeof(uint8_t) * l2);
+        ucol_getSortKey(col, t, -1, k1, l1);
+        ucol_getSortKey(col, t, -1, k2, l2);
+        if (strcmp((char *)k1,(char *)k2) != 0){
+            log_err("ucol_openBinary - new collator should equal to old one\n");
+        };
+        free(k1);
+        free(k2);
+    }
+    free(buffer);
+    ucol_close(c);
+    ucol_close(col);
+}
+/*
+    TestOpenVsOpenRules ensures that collators from ucol_open and ucol_openRules
+    will generate identical sort keys
+*/
+void TestOpenVsOpenRules(){
+
+    /* create an array of all the locales */
+    int32_t numLocales = uloc_countAvailable();
+    int32_t sizeOfStdSet;
+    uint32_t adder;
+    UChar str[41]; /* create an array of UChar of size maximum strSize + 1 */
+    USet *stdSet;
+    char* curLoc;
+    UCollator * c1;
+    UCollator * c2;
+    const UChar* rules;
+    int32_t rulesLength;
+    int32_t sortKeyLen1, sortKeyLen2;
+    uint8_t *sortKey1 = NULL, *sortKey2 = NULL;
+    ULocaleData *uld;
+    int32_t x, y, z;
+    USet *eSet;
+    int32_t eSize;
+    int strSize;
+
+    UErrorCode err = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+
+    /* create a set of standard characters that aren't very interesting...
+    and then we can find some interesting ones later */
+
+    stdSet = uset_open(0x61, 0x7A);
+    uset_addRange(stdSet, 0x41, 0x5A);
+    uset_addRange(stdSet, 0x30, 0x39);
+    sizeOfStdSet = uset_size(stdSet);
+
+    adder = 1;
+    if(getTestOption(QUICK_OPTION))
+    {
+        adder = 10;
+    }
+
+    for(x = 0; x < numLocales; x+=adder){
+        curLoc = (char *)uloc_getAvailable(x);
+        log_verbose("Processing %s\n", curLoc);
+
+        /* create a collator the normal API way */
+        c1 = ucol_open(curLoc, &err);
+        if (U_FAILURE(err)) {
+            log_err("ERROR: Normal collation creation failed with locale: %s : %s\n", curLoc, myErrorName(err));
+            return;
+        }
+
+        /* grab the rules */
+        rules = ucol_getRules(c1, &rulesLength);
+
+        /* use those rules to create a collator from rules */
+        c2 = ucol_openRules(rules, rulesLength, UCOL_DEFAULT, UCOL_DEFAULT_STRENGTH, NULL, &err);
+        if (U_FAILURE(err)) {
+            log_err("ERROR: Creating collator from rules failed with locale: %s : %s\n", curLoc, myErrorName(err));
+            return;
+        }
+
+        uld = ulocdata_open(curLoc, &err);
+
+        /*now that we have some collators, we get several strings */
+
+        for(y = 0; y < 5; y++){
+
+            /* get a set of ALL the characters in this locale */
+            eSet =  ulocdata_getExemplarSet(uld, NULL, 0, ULOCDATA_ES_STANDARD, &err);
+            eSize = uset_size(eSet);
+
+            /* make a string with these characters in it */
+            strSize = (rand()%40) + 1;
+
+            for(z = 0; z < strSize; z++){
+                str[z] = uset_charAt(eSet, rand()%eSize);
+            }
+
+            /* change the set to only include 'abnormal' characters (not A-Z, a-z, 0-9 */
+            uset_removeAll(eSet, stdSet);
+            eSize = uset_size(eSet);
+
+            /* if there are some non-normal characters left, put a few into the string, just to make sure we have some */
+            if(eSize > 0){
+                str[2%strSize] = uset_charAt(eSet, rand()%eSize);
+                str[3%strSize] = uset_charAt(eSet, rand()%eSize);
+                str[5%strSize] = uset_charAt(eSet, rand()%eSize);
+                str[10%strSize] = uset_charAt(eSet, rand()%eSize);
+                str[13%strSize] = uset_charAt(eSet, rand()%eSize);
+            }
+            /* terminate the string */
+            str[strSize-1] = '\0';
+            log_verbose("String used: %S\n", str);
+
+            /* get sort keys for both of them, and check that the keys are identicle */
+            sortKeyLen1 = ucol_getSortKey(c1, str, u_strlen(str),  NULL, 0);
+            sortKey1 = (uint8_t*)malloc(sizeof(uint8_t) * (sortKeyLen1 + 1));
+            /*memset(sortKey1, 0xFE, sortKeyLen1);*/
+            ucol_getSortKey(c1, str, u_strlen(str), sortKey1, sortKeyLen1 + 1);
+
+            sortKeyLen2 = ucol_getSortKey(c2, str, u_strlen(str),  NULL, 0);
+            sortKey2 = (uint8_t*)malloc(sizeof(uint8_t) * (sortKeyLen2 + 1));
+            /*memset(sortKey2, 0xFE, sortKeyLen2);*/
+            ucol_getSortKey(c2, str, u_strlen(str), sortKey2, sortKeyLen2 + 1);
+
+            /* Check that the lengths are the same */
+            doAssert((sortKeyLen1 == sortKeyLen2), "Sort key lengths do not match.");
+
+            /* check that the keys are the same */
+            doAssert((memcmp(sortKey1, sortKey2, sortKeyLen1) == 0), "Keys are not equivalent");
+
+            /* clean up after each string */
+            free(sortKey1);
+            free(sortKey2);
+            uset_close(eSet);
+        }
+        /* clean up after each locale */
+        ulocdata_close(uld);
+        ucol_close(c1);
+        ucol_close(c2);
+    }
+    /* final clean up */
+    uset_close(stdSet);
+}
+/*
+----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ ctor -- Tests the getSortKey
+*/
+void TestSortKey()
+{
+    uint8_t *sortk1 = NULL, *sortk2 = NULL, *sortk3 = NULL, *sortkEmpty = NULL;
+    int32_t sortklen, osortklen;
+    uint32_t toStringLen=0;
+    UCollator *col;
+    UChar *test1, *test2, *test3;
+    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    char toStringBuffer[256], *resultP;
+
+
+    uint8_t s1[] = { 0x9f, 0x00 };
+    uint8_t s2[] = { 0x61, 0x00 };
+    int  strcmpResult;
+
+    strcmpResult = strcmp((const char *)s1, (const char *)s2);
+    log_verbose("strcmp(0x9f..., 0x61...) = %d\n", strcmpResult);
+
+    if(strcmpResult <= 0) {
+      log_err("ERR: expected strcmp(\"9f 00\", \"61 00\") to be >=0 (GREATER).. got %d. Calling strcmp() for sortkeys may not work! \n",
+              strcmpResult);
+    }
+
+
+    log_verbose("testing SortKey begins...\n");
+    /* this is supposed to open default date format, but later on it treats it like it is "en_US"
+       - very bad if you try to run the tests on machine where default locale is NOT "en_US" */
+    /* col = ucol_open(NULL, &status); */
+    col = ucol_open("en_US", &status);
+    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err_status(status, "ERROR: Default collation creation failed.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+
+
+    if(ucol_getStrength(col) != UCOL_DEFAULT_STRENGTH)
+    {
+        log_err("ERROR: default collation did not have UCOL_DEFAULT_STRENGTH !\n");
+    }
+    /* Need to use identical strength */
+    ucol_setAttribute(col, UCOL_STRENGTH, UCOL_IDENTICAL, &status);
+
+    test1=(UChar*)malloc(sizeof(UChar) * 6);
+    test2=(UChar*)malloc(sizeof(UChar) * 6);
+    test3=(UChar*)malloc(sizeof(UChar) * 6);
+
+    memset(test1,0xFE, sizeof(UChar)*6);
+    memset(test2,0xFE, sizeof(UChar)*6);
+    memset(test3,0xFE, sizeof(UChar)*6);
+
+
+    u_uastrcpy(test1, "Abcda");
+    u_uastrcpy(test2, "abcda");
+    u_uastrcpy(test3, "abcda");
+
+    log_verbose("Use tertiary comparison level testing ....\n");
+
+    sortklen=ucol_getSortKey(col, test1, u_strlen(test1),  NULL, 0);
+    sortk1=(uint8_t*)malloc(sizeof(uint8_t) * (sortklen+1));
+    memset(sortk1,0xFE, sortklen);
+    ucol_getSortKey(col, test1, u_strlen(test1), sortk1, sortklen+1);
+
+    sortklen=ucol_getSortKey(col, test2, u_strlen(test2),  NULL, 0);
+    sortk2=(uint8_t*)malloc(sizeof(uint8_t) * (sortklen+1));
+    memset(sortk2,0xFE, sortklen);
+    ucol_getSortKey(col, test2, u_strlen(test2), sortk2, sortklen+1);
+
+    osortklen = sortklen;
+    sortklen=ucol_getSortKey(col, test2, u_strlen(test3),  NULL, 0);
+    sortk3=(uint8_t*)malloc(sizeof(uint8_t) * (sortklen+1));
+    memset(sortk3,0xFE, sortklen);
+    ucol_getSortKey(col, test2, u_strlen(test2), sortk3, sortklen+1);
+
+    doAssert( (sortklen == osortklen), "Sortkey length should be the same (abcda, abcda)");
+
+    doAssert( (memcmp(sortk1, sortk2, sortklen) > 0), "Result should be \"Abcda\" > \"abcda\"");
+    doAssert( (memcmp(sortk2, sortk1, sortklen) < 0), "Result should be \"abcda\" < \"Abcda\"");
+    doAssert( (memcmp(sortk2, sortk3, sortklen) == 0), "Result should be \"abcda\" ==  \"abcda\"");
+
+    resultP = ucol_sortKeyToString(col, sortk3, toStringBuffer, &toStringLen);
+    doAssert( (resultP != 0), "sortKeyToString failed!");
+
+#if 1 /* verobse log of sortkeys */
+    {
+      char junk2[1000];
+      char junk3[1000];
+      int i;
+
+      strcpy(junk2, "abcda[2] ");
+      strcpy(junk3, " abcda[3] ");
+
+      for(i=0;i<sortklen;i++)
+        {
+          sprintf(junk2+strlen(junk2), "%02X ",(int)( 0xFF & sortk2[i]));
+          sprintf(junk3+strlen(junk3), "%02X ",(int)( 0xFF & sortk3[i]));
+        }
+
+      log_verbose("%s\n", junk2);
+      log_verbose("%s\n", junk3);
+    }
+#endif
+
+    free(sortk1);
+    free(sortk2);
+    free(sortk3);
+
+    log_verbose("Use secondary comparision level testing ...\n");
+    ucol_setStrength(col, UCOL_SECONDARY);
+    sortklen=ucol_getSortKey(col, test1, u_strlen(test1),  NULL, 0);
+    sortk1=(uint8_t*)malloc(sizeof(uint8_t) * (sortklen+1));
+    ucol_getSortKey(col, test1, u_strlen(test1), sortk1, sortklen+1);
+    sortklen=ucol_getSortKey(col, test2, u_strlen(test2),  NULL, 0);
+    sortk2=(uint8_t*)malloc(sizeof(uint8_t) * (sortklen+1));
+    ucol_getSortKey(col, test2, u_strlen(test2), sortk2, sortklen+1);
+
+    doAssert( !(memcmp(sortk1, sortk2, sortklen) > 0), "Result should be \"Abcda\" == \"abcda\"");
+    doAssert( !(memcmp(sortk2, sortk1, sortklen) < 0), "Result should be \"abcda\" == \"Abcda\"");
+    doAssert( (memcmp(sortk1, sortk2, sortklen) == 0), "Result should be \"abcda\" ==  \"abcda\"");
+
+    log_verbose("getting sortkey for an empty string\n");
+    ucol_setAttribute(col, UCOL_STRENGTH, UCOL_TERTIARY, &status);
+    sortklen = ucol_getSortKey(col, test1, 0, NULL, 0);
+    sortkEmpty = (uint8_t*)malloc(sizeof(uint8_t) * sortklen+1);
+    sortklen = ucol_getSortKey(col, test1, 0, sortkEmpty, sortklen+1);
+    if(sortklen != 3 || sortkEmpty[0] != 1 || sortkEmpty[0] != 1 || sortkEmpty[2] != 0) {
+      log_err("Empty string generated wrong sortkey!\n");
+    }
+    free(sortkEmpty);
+
+    log_verbose("testing passing invalid string\n");
+    sortklen = ucol_getSortKey(col, NULL, 0, NULL, 0);
+    if(sortklen != 0) {
+      log_err("Invalid string didn't return sortkey size of 0\n");
+    }
+
+
+    log_verbose("testing sortkey ends...\n");
+    ucol_close(col);
+    free(test1);
+    free(test2);
+    free(test3);
+    free(sortk1);
+    free(sortk2);
+
+}
+void TestHashCode()
+{
+    uint8_t *sortk1, *sortk2, *sortk3;
+    int32_t sortk1len, sortk2len, sortk3len;
+    UCollator *col;
+    UChar *test1, *test2, *test3;
+    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    log_verbose("testing getHashCode begins...\n");
+    col = ucol_open("en_US", &status);
+    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err_status(status, "ERROR: Default collation creation failed.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+    test1=(UChar*)malloc(sizeof(UChar) * 6);
+    test2=(UChar*)malloc(sizeof(UChar) * 6);
+    test3=(UChar*)malloc(sizeof(UChar) * 6);
+    u_uastrcpy(test1, "Abcda");
+    u_uastrcpy(test2, "abcda");
+    u_uastrcpy(test3, "abcda");
+
+    log_verbose("Use tertiary comparison level testing ....\n");
+    sortk1len=ucol_getSortKey(col, test1, u_strlen(test1),  NULL, 0);
+    sortk1=(uint8_t*)malloc(sizeof(uint8_t) * (sortk1len+1));
+    ucol_getSortKey(col, test1, u_strlen(test1), sortk1, sortk1len+1);
+    sortk2len=ucol_getSortKey(col, test2, u_strlen(test2),  NULL, 0);
+    sortk2=(uint8_t*)malloc(sizeof(uint8_t) * (sortk2len+1));
+    ucol_getSortKey(col, test2, u_strlen(test2), sortk2, sortk2len+1);
+    sortk3len=ucol_getSortKey(col, test2, u_strlen(test3),  NULL, 0);
+    sortk3=(uint8_t*)malloc(sizeof(uint8_t) * (sortk3len+1));
+    ucol_getSortKey(col, test2, u_strlen(test2), sortk3, sortk3len+1);
+
+
+    log_verbose("ucol_hashCode() testing ...\n");
+
+    doAssert( ucol_keyHashCode(sortk1, sortk1len) != ucol_keyHashCode(sortk2, sortk2len), "Hash test1 result incorrect" );
+    doAssert( !(ucol_keyHashCode(sortk1, sortk1len) == ucol_keyHashCode(sortk2, sortk2len)), "Hash test2 result incorrect" );
+    doAssert( ucol_keyHashCode(sortk2, sortk2len) == ucol_keyHashCode(sortk3, sortk3len), "Hash result not equal" );
+
+    log_verbose("hashCode tests end.\n");
+    ucol_close(col);
+    free(sortk1);
+    free(sortk2);
+    free(sortk3);
+    free(test1);
+    free(test2);
+    free(test3);
+
+
+}
+/*
+ *----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+ * Tests the UCollatorElements API.
+ *
+ */
+void TestElemIter()
+{
+    int32_t offset;
+    int32_t order1, order2, order3;
+    UChar *testString1, *testString2;
+    UCollator *col;
+    UCollationElements *iterator1, *iterator2, *iterator3;
+    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    log_verbose("testing UCollatorElements begins...\n");
+    col = ucol_open("en_US", &status);
+    ucol_setAttribute(col, UCOL_NORMALIZATION_MODE, UCOL_OFF, &status);
+    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err_status(status, "ERROR: Default collation creation failed.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    testString1=(UChar*)malloc(sizeof(UChar) * 150);
+    testString2=(UChar*)malloc(sizeof(UChar) * 150);
+    u_uastrcpy(testString1, "XFILE What subset of all possible test cases has the highest probability of detecting the most errors?");
+    u_uastrcpy(testString2, "Xf_ile What subset of all possible test cases has the lowest probability of detecting the least errors?");
+
+    log_verbose("Constructors and comparison testing....\n");
+
+    iterator1 = ucol_openElements(col, testString1, u_strlen(testString1), &status);
+    if(U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err("ERROR: Default collationElement iterator creation failed.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        ucol_close(col);
+        return;
+    }
+    else{ log_verbose("PASS: Default collationElement iterator1 creation passed\n");}
+
+    iterator2 = ucol_openElements(col, testString1, u_strlen(testString1), &status);
+    if(U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err("ERROR: Default collationElement iterator creation failed.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        ucol_close(col);
+        return;
+    }
+    else{ log_verbose("PASS: Default collationElement iterator2 creation passed\n");}
+
+    iterator3 = ucol_openElements(col, testString2, u_strlen(testString2), &status);
+    if(U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err("ERROR: Default collationElement iterator creation failed.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        ucol_close(col);
+        return;
+    }
+    else{ log_verbose("PASS: Default collationElement iterator3 creation passed\n");}
+
+    offset=ucol_getOffset(iterator1);
+    ucol_setOffset(iterator1, 6, &status);
+    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err("Error in setOffset for UCollatorElements iterator.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+    if(ucol_getOffset(iterator1)==6)
+        log_verbose("setOffset and getOffset working fine\n");
+    else{
+        log_err("error in set and get Offset got %d instead of 6\n", ucol_getOffset(iterator1));
+    }
+
+    ucol_setOffset(iterator1, 0, &status);
+    order1 = ucol_next(iterator1, &status);
+    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err("Somehow ran out of memory stepping through the iterator1.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+    order2=ucol_getOffset(iterator2);
+    doAssert((order1 != order2), "The first iterator advance failed");
+    order2 = ucol_next(iterator2, &status);
+    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err("Somehow ran out of memory stepping through the iterator2.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+    order3 = ucol_next(iterator3, &status);
+    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err("Somehow ran out of memory stepping through the iterator3.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+
+    doAssert((order1 == order2), "The second iterator advance failed should be the same as first one");
+
+doAssert( (ucol_primaryOrder(order1) == ucol_primaryOrder(order3)), "The primary orders should be identical");
+doAssert( (ucol_secondaryOrder(order1) == ucol_secondaryOrder(order3)), "The secondary orders should be identical");
+doAssert( (ucol_tertiaryOrder(order1) == ucol_tertiaryOrder(order3)), "The tertiary orders should be identical");
+
+    order1=ucol_next(iterator1, &status);
+    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err("Somehow ran out of memory stepping through the iterator2.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+    order3=ucol_next(iterator3, &status);
+    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err("Somehow ran out of memory stepping through the iterator2.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+doAssert( (ucol_primaryOrder(order1) == ucol_primaryOrder(order3)), "The primary orders should be identical");
+doAssert( (ucol_tertiaryOrder(order1) != ucol_tertiaryOrder(order3)), "The tertiary orders should be different");
+
+    order1=ucol_next(iterator1, &status);
+    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err("Somehow ran out of memory stepping through the iterator2.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+    order3=ucol_next(iterator3, &status);
+    if (U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_err("Somehow ran out of memory stepping through the iterator2.: %s\n", myErrorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+    /* this here, my friends, is either pure lunacy or something so obsolete that even it's mother
+     * doesn't care about it. Essentialy, this test complains if secondary values for 'I' and '_'
+     * are the same. According to the UCA, this is not true. Therefore, remove the test.
+     * Besides, if primary strengths for two code points are different, it doesn't matter one bit
+     * what is the relation between secondary or any other strengths.
+     * killed by weiv 06/11/2002.
+     */
+    /*
+    doAssert( ((order1 & UCOL_SECONDARYMASK) != (order3 & UCOL_SECONDARYMASK)), "The secondary orders should be different");
+    */
+    doAssert( (order1 != UCOL_NULLORDER), "Unexpected end of iterator reached");
+
+    free(testString1);
+    free(testString2);
+    ucol_closeElements(iterator1);
+    ucol_closeElements(iterator2);
+    ucol_closeElements(iterator3);
+    ucol_close(col);
+
+    log_verbose("testing CollationElementIterator ends...\n");
+}
+
+void TestGetLocale() {
+  UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+  const char *rules = "&a<x<y<z";
+  UChar rlz[256] = {0};
+  uint32_t rlzLen = u_unescape(rules, rlz, 256);
+
+  UCollator *coll = NULL;
+  const char *locale = NULL;
+
+  int32_t i = 0;
+
+  /* Now that the collation tree is separate, actual==valid at all times. [alan] */
+  static const struct {
+    const char* requestedLocale;
+    const char* validLocale;
+    const char* actualLocale;
+  } testStruct[] = {
+    { "sr_RS", "sr_Cyrl_RS", "sr" },
+    { "sh_YU", "sr_Latn_RS", "hr" }, /* this used to be sh, but now sh collation aliases hr */
+    { "en_BE_FOO", "en_BE", "root" },
+    { "de_DE_NONEXISTANT", "de_DE", "de" }
+  };
+
+  /* test opening collators for different locales */
+  for(i = 0; i<sizeof(testStruct)/sizeof(testStruct[0]); i++) {
+    status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    coll = ucol_open(testStruct[i].requestedLocale, &status);
+    if(U_FAILURE(status)) {
+      log_err_status(status, "Failed to open collator for %s with %s\n", testStruct[i].requestedLocale, u_errorName(status));
+      ucol_close(coll);
+      continue;
+    }
+   locale = ucol_getLocaleByType(coll, ULOC_REQUESTED_LOCALE, &status);
+    if(strcmp(locale, testStruct[i].requestedLocale) != 0) {
+      log_err("[Coll %s]: Error in requested locale, expected %s, got %s\n", testStruct[i].requestedLocale, testStruct[i].requestedLocale, locale);
+    }
+    locale = ucol_getLocaleByType(coll, ULOC_VALID_LOCALE, &status);
+    if(strcmp(locale, testStruct[i].validLocale) != 0) {
+      log_err("[Coll %s]: Error in valid locale, expected %s, got %s\n", testStruct[i].requestedLocale, testStruct[i].validLocale, locale);
+    }
+    locale = ucol_getLocaleByType(coll, ULOC_ACTUAL_LOCALE, &status);
+    if(strcmp(locale, testStruct[i].actualLocale) != 0) {
+      log_err("[Coll %s]: Error in actual locale, expected %s, got %s\n", testStruct[i].requestedLocale, testStruct[i].actualLocale, locale);
+    }
+    ucol_close(coll);
+  }
+
+  /* completely non-existant locale for collator should get a default collator */
+  {
+    UCollator *defaultColl = ucol_open(NULL, &status);
+    coll = ucol_open("blahaha", &status);
+    if(U_SUCCESS(status)) {
+      if(strcmp(ucol_getLocaleByType(coll, ULOC_REQUESTED_LOCALE, &status), "blahaha")) {
+        log_err("Nonexisting locale didn't preserve the requested locale\n");
+      }
+      if(strcmp(ucol_getLocaleByType(coll, ULOC_VALID_LOCALE, &status),
+        ucol_getLocaleByType(defaultColl, ULOC_VALID_LOCALE, &status))) {
+        log_err("Valid locale for nonexisting locale locale collator differs "
+          "from valid locale for default collator\n");
+      }
+      if(strcmp(ucol_getLocaleByType(coll, ULOC_ACTUAL_LOCALE, &status),
+        ucol_getLocaleByType(defaultColl, ULOC_ACTUAL_LOCALE, &status))) {
+        log_err("Actual locale for nonexisting locale locale collator differs "
+          "from actual locale for default collator\n");
+      }
+      ucol_close(coll);
+      ucol_close(defaultColl);
+    } else {
+      log_data_err("Couldn't open collators\n");
+    }
+  }
+
+
+
+  /* collator instantiated from rules should have all three locales NULL */
+  coll = ucol_openRules(rlz, rlzLen, UCOL_DEFAULT, UCOL_DEFAULT, NULL, &status);
+  locale = ucol_getLocaleByType(coll, ULOC_REQUESTED_LOCALE, &status);
+  if(locale != NULL) {
+    log_err("For collator instantiated from rules, requested locale returned %s instead of NULL\n", locale);
+  }
+  locale = ucol_getLocaleByType(coll, ULOC_VALID_LOCALE, &status);
+  if(locale != NULL) {
+    log_err("For collator instantiated from rules,  valid locale returned %s instead of NULL\n", locale);
+  }
+  locale = ucol_getLocaleByType(coll, ULOC_ACTUAL_LOCALE, &status);
+  if(locale != NULL) {
+    log_err("For collator instantiated from rules, actual locale returned %s instead of NULL\n", locale);
+  }
+  ucol_close(coll);
+
+}
+
+
+void TestGetAll()
+{
+    int32_t i, count;
+    count=ucol_countAvailable();
+    /* use something sensible w/o hardcoding the count */
+    if(count < 0){
+        log_err("Error in countAvailable(), it returned %d\n", count);
+    }
+    else{
+        log_verbose("PASS: countAvailable() successful, it returned %d\n", count);
+    }
+    for(i=0;i<count;i++)
+        log_verbose("%s\n", ucol_getAvailable(i));
+
+
+}
+
+
+struct teststruct {
+    const char *original;
+    uint8_t key[256];
+} ;
+
+static int compare_teststruct(const void *string1, const void *string2) {
+    return(strcmp((const char *)((struct teststruct *)string1)->key, (const char *)((struct teststruct *)string2)->key));
+}
+
+void TestBounds() {
+    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+
+    UCollator *coll = ucol_open("sh", &status);
+
+    uint8_t sortkey[512], lower[512], upper[512];
+    UChar buffer[512];
+
+    static const char * const test[] = {
+        "John Smith",
+        "JOHN SMITH",
+        "john SMITH",
+        "j\\u00F6hn sm\\u00EFth",
+        "J\\u00F6hn Sm\\u00EFth",
+        "J\\u00D6HN SM\\u00CFTH",
+        "john smithsonian",
+        "John Smithsonian",
+    };
+
+    struct teststruct tests[] = {
+        {"\\u010CAKI MIHALJ" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAKI MIHALJ" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAKI PIRO\\u0160KA" },
+        {"\\u010CABAI ANDRIJA" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABAI LAJO\\u0160" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABAI MARIJA" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABAI STEVAN" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABAI STEVAN" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABARKAPA BRANKO" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABARKAPA MILENKO" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABARKAPA MIROSLAV" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABARKAPA SIMO" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABARKAPA STANKO" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABARKAPA TAMARA" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABARKAPA TOMA\\u0160" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABDARI\\u0106 NIKOLA" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABDARI\\u0106 ZORICA" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABI NANDOR" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABOVI\\u0106 MILAN" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABRADI AGNEZIJA" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABRADI IVAN" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABRADI JELENA" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABRADI LJUBICA" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABRADI STEVAN" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABRDA MARTIN" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABRILO BOGDAN" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABRILO BRANISLAV" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABRILO LAZAR" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABRILO LJUBICA" } ,
+        {"\\u010CABRILO SPASOJA" } ,
+        {"\\u010CADE\\u0160 ZDENKA" } ,
+        {"\\u010CADESKI BLAGOJE" } ,
+        {"\\u010CADOVSKI VLADIMIR" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAGLJEVI\\u0106 TOMA" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAGOROVI\\u0106 VLADIMIR" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAJA VANKA" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAJI\\u0106 BOGOLJUB" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAJI\\u0106 BORISLAV" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAJI\\u0106 RADOSLAV" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAK\\u0160IRAN MILADIN" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAKAN EUGEN" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAKAN EVGENIJE" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAKAN IVAN" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAKAN JULIJAN" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAKAN MIHAJLO" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAKAN STEVAN" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAKAN VLADIMIR" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAKAN VLADIMIR" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAKAN VLADIMIR" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAKARA ANA" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAKAREVI\\u0106 MOMIR" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAKAREVI\\u0106 NEDELJKO" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAKI \\u0160ANDOR" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAKI AMALIJA" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAKI ANDRA\\u0160" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAKI LADISLAV" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAKI LAJO\\u0160" } ,
+        {"\\u010CAKI LASLO" } ,
+    };
+
+
+
+    int32_t i = 0, j = 0, k = 0, buffSize = 0, skSize = 0, lowerSize = 0, upperSize = 0;
+    int32_t arraySize = sizeof(tests)/sizeof(tests[0]);
+
+    if(U_SUCCESS(status) && coll) {
+        for(i = 0; i<arraySize; i++) {
+            buffSize = u_unescape(tests[i].original, buffer, 512);
+            skSize = ucol_getSortKey(coll, buffer, buffSize, tests[i].key, 512);
+        }
+
+        qsort(tests, arraySize, sizeof(struct teststruct), compare_teststruct);
+
+        for(i = 0; i < arraySize-1; i++) {
+            for(j = i+1; j < arraySize; j++) {
+                lowerSize = ucol_getBound(tests[i].key, -1, UCOL_BOUND_LOWER, 1, lower, 512, &status);
+                upperSize = ucol_getBound(tests[j].key, -1, UCOL_BOUND_UPPER, 1, upper, 512, &status);
+                for(k = i; k <= j; k++) {
+                    if(strcmp((const char *)lower, (const char *)tests[k].key) > 0) {
+                        log_err("Problem with lower! j = %i (%s vs %s)\n", k, tests[k].original, tests[i].original);
+                    }
+                    if(strcmp((const char *)upper, (const char *)tests[k].key) <= 0) {
+                        log_err("Problem with upper! j = %i (%s vs %s)\n", k, tests[k].original, tests[j].original);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+
+#if 0
+        for(i = 0; i < 1000; i++) {
+            lowerRND = (rand()/(RAND_MAX/arraySize));
+            upperRND = lowerRND + (rand()/(RAND_MAX/(arraySize-lowerRND)));
+
+            lowerSize = ucol_getBound(tests[lowerRND].key, -1, UCOL_BOUND_LOWER, 1, lower, 512, &status);
+            upperSize = ucol_getBound(tests[upperRND].key, -1, UCOL_BOUND_UPPER_LONG, 1, upper, 512, &status);
+
+            for(j = lowerRND; j<=upperRND; j++) {
+                if(strcmp(lower, tests[j].key) > 0) {
+                    log_err("Problem with lower! j = %i (%s vs %s)\n", j, tests[j].original, tests[lowerRND].original);
+                }
+                if(strcmp(upper, tests[j].key) <= 0) {
+                    log_err("Problem with upper! j = %i (%s vs %s)\n", j, tests[j].original, tests[upperRND].original);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+#endif
+
+
+
+
+
+        for(i = 0; i<sizeof(test)/sizeof(test[0]); i++) {
+            buffSize = u_unescape(test[i], buffer, 512);
+            skSize = ucol_getSortKey(coll, buffer, buffSize, sortkey, 512);
+            lowerSize = ucol_getBound(sortkey, skSize, UCOL_BOUND_LOWER, 1, lower, 512, &status);
+            upperSize = ucol_getBound(sortkey, skSize, UCOL_BOUND_UPPER_LONG, 1, upper, 512, &status);
+            for(j = i+1; j<sizeof(test)/sizeof(test[0]); j++) {
+                buffSize = u_unescape(test[j], buffer, 512);
+                skSize = ucol_getSortKey(coll, buffer, buffSize, sortkey, 512);
+                if(strcmp((const char *)lower, (const char *)sortkey) > 0) {
+                    log_err("Problem with lower! i = %i, j = %i (%s vs %s)\n", i, j, test[i], test[j]);
+                }
+                if(strcmp((const char *)upper, (const char *)sortkey) <= 0) {
+                    log_err("Problem with upper! i = %i, j = %i (%s vs %s)\n", i, j, test[i], test[j]);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+        ucol_close(coll);
+    } else {
+        log_data_err("Couldn't open collator\n");
+    }
+
+}
+
+static void doOverrunTest(UCollator *coll, const UChar *uString, int32_t strLen) {
+    int32_t skLen = 0, skLen2 = 0;
+    uint8_t sortKey[256];
+    int32_t i, j;
+    uint8_t filler = 0xFF;
+
+    skLen = ucol_getSortKey(coll, uString, strLen, NULL, 0);
+
+    for(i = 0; i < skLen; i++) {
+        memset(sortKey, filler, 256);
+        skLen2 = ucol_getSortKey(coll, uString, strLen, sortKey, i);
+        if(skLen != skLen2) {
+            log_err("For buffer size %i, got different sortkey length. Expected %i got %i\n", i, skLen, skLen2);
+        }
+        for(j = i; j < 256; j++) {
+            if(sortKey[j] != filler) {
+                log_err("Something run over index %i\n", j);
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/* j1865 reports that if a shorter buffer is passed to
+* to get sort key, a buffer overrun happens in some
+* cases. This test tries to check this.
+*/
+void TestSortKeyBufferOverrun(void) {
+    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    const char* cString = "A very Merry liTTle-lamB..";
+    UChar uString[256];
+    int32_t strLen = 0;
+    UCollator *coll = ucol_open("root", &status);
+    strLen = u_unescape(cString, uString, 256);
+
+    if(U_SUCCESS(status)) {
+        log_verbose("testing non ignorable\n");
+        ucol_setAttribute(coll, UCOL_ALTERNATE_HANDLING, UCOL_NON_IGNORABLE, &status);
+        doOverrunTest(coll, uString, strLen);
+
+        log_verbose("testing shifted\n");
+        ucol_setAttribute(coll, UCOL_ALTERNATE_HANDLING, UCOL_SHIFTED, &status);
+        doOverrunTest(coll, uString, strLen);
+
+        log_verbose("testing shifted quaternary\n");
+        ucol_setAttribute(coll, UCOL_STRENGTH, UCOL_QUATERNARY, &status);
+        doOverrunTest(coll, uString, strLen);
+
+        log_verbose("testing with french secondaries\n");
+        ucol_setAttribute(coll, UCOL_FRENCH_COLLATION, UCOL_ON, &status);
+        ucol_setAttribute(coll, UCOL_STRENGTH, UCOL_TERTIARY, &status);
+        ucol_setAttribute(coll, UCOL_ALTERNATE_HANDLING, UCOL_NON_IGNORABLE, &status);
+        doOverrunTest(coll, uString, strLen);
+
+    }
+    ucol_close(coll);
+}
+
+static void TestAttribute()
+{
+    UErrorCode error = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    UCollator *coll = ucol_open(NULL, &error);
+
+    if (U_FAILURE(error)) {
+        log_err_status(error, "Creation of default collator failed\n");
+        return;
+    }
+
+    ucol_setAttribute(coll, UCOL_FRENCH_COLLATION, UCOL_OFF, &error);
+    if (ucol_getAttribute(coll, UCOL_FRENCH_COLLATION, &error) != UCOL_OFF ||
+        U_FAILURE(error)) {
+        log_err_status(error, "Setting and retrieving of the french collation failed\n");
+    }
+
+    ucol_setAttribute(coll, UCOL_FRENCH_COLLATION, UCOL_ON, &error);
+    if (ucol_getAttribute(coll, UCOL_FRENCH_COLLATION, &error) != UCOL_ON ||
+        U_FAILURE(error)) {
+        log_err_status(error, "Setting and retrieving of the french collation failed\n");
+    }
+
+    ucol_setAttribute(coll, UCOL_ALTERNATE_HANDLING, UCOL_SHIFTED, &error);
+    if (ucol_getAttribute(coll, UCOL_ALTERNATE_HANDLING, &error) != UCOL_SHIFTED ||
+        U_FAILURE(error)) {
+        log_err_status(error, "Setting and retrieving of the alternate handling failed\n");
+    }
+
+    ucol_setAttribute(coll, UCOL_ALTERNATE_HANDLING, UCOL_NON_IGNORABLE, &error);
+    if (ucol_getAttribute(coll, UCOL_ALTERNATE_HANDLING, &error) != UCOL_NON_IGNORABLE ||
+        U_FAILURE(error)) {
+        log_err_status(error, "Setting and retrieving of the alternate handling failed\n");
+    }
+
+    ucol_setAttribute(coll, UCOL_CASE_FIRST, UCOL_LOWER_FIRST, &error);
+    if (ucol_getAttribute(coll, UCOL_CASE_FIRST, &error) != UCOL_LOWER_FIRST ||
+        U_FAILURE(error)) {
+        log_err_status(error, "Setting and retrieving of the case first attribute failed\n");
+    }
+
+    ucol_setAttribute(coll, UCOL_CASE_FIRST, UCOL_UPPER_FIRST, &error);
+    if (ucol_getAttribute(coll, UCOL_CASE_FIRST, &error) != UCOL_UPPER_FIRST ||
+        U_FAILURE(error)) {
+        log_err_status(error, "Setting and retrieving of the case first attribute failed\n");
+    }
+
+    ucol_setAttribute(coll, UCOL_CASE_LEVEL, UCOL_ON, &error);
+    if (ucol_getAttribute(coll, UCOL_CASE_LEVEL, &error) != UCOL_ON ||
+        U_FAILURE(error)) {
+        log_err_status(error, "Setting and retrieving of the case level attribute failed\n");
+    }
+
+    ucol_setAttribute(coll, UCOL_CASE_LEVEL, UCOL_OFF, &error);
+    if (ucol_getAttribute(coll, UCOL_CASE_LEVEL, &error) != UCOL_OFF ||
+        U_FAILURE(error)) {
+        log_err_status(error, "Setting and retrieving of the case level attribute failed\n");
+    }
+
+    ucol_setAttribute(coll, UCOL_NORMALIZATION_MODE, UCOL_ON, &error);
+    if (ucol_getAttribute(coll, UCOL_NORMALIZATION_MODE, &error) != UCOL_ON ||
+        U_FAILURE(error)) {
+        log_err_status(error, "Setting and retrieving of the normalization on/off attribute failed\n");
+    }
+
+    ucol_setAttribute(coll, UCOL_NORMALIZATION_MODE, UCOL_OFF, &error);
+    if (ucol_getAttribute(coll, UCOL_NORMALIZATION_MODE, &error) != UCOL_OFF ||
+        U_FAILURE(error)) {
+        log_err_status(error, "Setting and retrieving of the normalization on/off attribute failed\n");
+    }
+
+    ucol_setAttribute(coll, UCOL_STRENGTH, UCOL_PRIMARY, &error);
+    if (ucol_getAttribute(coll, UCOL_STRENGTH, &error) != UCOL_PRIMARY ||
+        U_FAILURE(error)) {
+        log_err_status(error, "Setting and retrieving of the collation strength failed\n");
+    }
+
+    ucol_setAttribute(coll, UCOL_STRENGTH, UCOL_SECONDARY, &error);
+    if (ucol_getAttribute(coll, UCOL_STRENGTH, &error) != UCOL_SECONDARY ||
+        U_FAILURE(error)) {
+        log_err_status(error, "Setting and retrieving of the collation strength failed\n");
+    }
+
+    ucol_setAttribute(coll, UCOL_STRENGTH, UCOL_TERTIARY, &error);
+    if (ucol_getAttribute(coll, UCOL_STRENGTH, &error) != UCOL_TERTIARY ||
+        U_FAILURE(error)) {
+        log_err_status(error, "Setting and retrieving of the collation strength failed\n");
+    }
+
+    ucol_setAttribute(coll, UCOL_STRENGTH, UCOL_QUATERNARY, &error);
+    if (ucol_getAttribute(coll, UCOL_STRENGTH, &error) != UCOL_QUATERNARY ||
+        U_FAILURE(error)) {
+        log_err_status(error, "Setting and retrieving of the collation strength failed\n");
+    }
+
+    ucol_setAttribute(coll, UCOL_STRENGTH, UCOL_IDENTICAL, &error);
+    if (ucol_getAttribute(coll, UCOL_STRENGTH, &error) != UCOL_IDENTICAL ||
+        U_FAILURE(error)) {
+        log_err_status(error, "Setting and retrieving of the collation strength failed\n");
+    }
+
+    ucol_close(coll);
+}
+
+void TestGetTailoredSet() {
+  struct {
+    const char *rules;
+    const char *tests[20];
+    int32_t testsize;
+  } setTest[] = {
+    { "&a < \\u212b", { "\\u212b", "A\\u030a", "\\u00c5" }, 3},
+    { "& S < \\u0161 <<< \\u0160", { "\\u0161", "s\\u030C", "\\u0160", "S\\u030C" }, 4}
+  };
+
+  int32_t i = 0, j = 0;
+  UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+  UParseError pError;
+
+  UCollator *coll = NULL;
+  UChar buff[1024];
+  int32_t buffLen = 0;
+  USet *set = NULL;
+
+  for(i = 0; i < sizeof(setTest)/sizeof(setTest[0]); i++) {
+    buffLen = u_unescape(setTest[i].rules, buff, 1024);
+    coll = ucol_openRules(buff, buffLen, UCOL_DEFAULT, UCOL_DEFAULT, &pError, &status);
+    if(U_SUCCESS(status)) {
+      set = ucol_getTailoredSet(coll, &status);
+      if(uset_size(set) != setTest[i].testsize) {
+        log_err("Tailored set size different (%d) than expected (%d)\n", uset_size(set), setTest[i].testsize);
+      }
+      for(j = 0; j < setTest[i].testsize; j++) {
+        buffLen = u_unescape(setTest[i].tests[j], buff, 1024);
+        if(!uset_containsString(set, buff, buffLen)) {
+          log_err("Tailored set doesn't contain %s... It should\n", setTest[i].tests[j]);
+        }
+      }
+      uset_close(set);
+    } else {
+      log_err_status(status, "Couldn't open collator with rules %s\n", setTest[i].rules);
+    }
+    ucol_close(coll);
+  }
+}
+
+static int tMemCmp(const uint8_t *first, const uint8_t *second) {
+   int32_t firstLen = (int32_t)strlen((const char *)first);
+   int32_t secondLen = (int32_t)strlen((const char *)second);
+   return memcmp(first, second, uprv_min(firstLen, secondLen));
+}
+static const char * strengthsC[] = {
+     "UCOL_PRIMARY",
+     "UCOL_SECONDARY",
+     "UCOL_TERTIARY",
+     "UCOL_QUATERNARY",
+     "UCOL_IDENTICAL"
+};
+
+void TestMergeSortKeys(void) {
+   UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+   UCollator *coll = ucol_open("en", &status);
+   if(U_SUCCESS(status)) {
+
+     const char* cases[] = {
+       "abc",
+         "abcd",
+         "abcde"
+     };
+     uint32_t casesSize = sizeof(cases)/sizeof(cases[0]);
+     const char* prefix = "foo";
+     const char* suffix = "egg";
+     char outBuff1[256], outBuff2[256];
+
+     uint8_t **sortkeys = (uint8_t **)malloc(casesSize*sizeof(uint8_t *));
+     uint8_t **mergedPrefixkeys = (uint8_t **)malloc(casesSize*sizeof(uint8_t *));
+     uint8_t **mergedSuffixkeys = (uint8_t **)malloc(casesSize*sizeof(uint8_t *));
+     uint32_t *sortKeysLen = (uint32_t *)malloc(casesSize*sizeof(uint32_t));
+     uint8_t prefixKey[256], suffixKey[256];
+     uint32_t prefixKeyLen = 0, suffixKeyLen = 0, i = 0;
+     UChar buffer[256];
+     uint32_t unescapedLen = 0, l1 = 0, l2 = 0;
+     UColAttributeValue strength;
+
+     log_verbose("ucol_mergeSortkeys test\n");
+     log_verbose("Testing order of the test cases\n");
+     genericLocaleStarter("en", cases, casesSize);
+
+     for(i = 0; i<casesSize; i++) {
+       sortkeys[i] = (uint8_t *)malloc(256*sizeof(uint8_t));
+       mergedPrefixkeys[i] = (uint8_t *)malloc(256*sizeof(uint8_t));
+       mergedSuffixkeys[i] = (uint8_t *)malloc(256*sizeof(uint8_t));
+     }
+
+     unescapedLen = u_unescape(prefix, buffer, 256);
+     prefixKeyLen = ucol_getSortKey(coll, buffer, unescapedLen, prefixKey, 256);
+
+     unescapedLen = u_unescape(suffix, buffer, 256);
+     suffixKeyLen = ucol_getSortKey(coll, buffer, unescapedLen, suffixKey, 256);
+
+     log_verbose("Massaging data with prefixes and different strengths\n");
+     strength = UCOL_PRIMARY;
+     while(strength <= UCOL_IDENTICAL) {
+       log_verbose("Strength %s\n", strengthsC[strength<=UCOL_QUATERNARY?strength:4]);
+       ucol_setAttribute(coll, UCOL_STRENGTH, strength, &status);
+       for(i = 0; i<casesSize; i++) {
+         unescapedLen = u_unescape(cases[i], buffer, 256);
+         sortKeysLen[i] = ucol_getSortKey(coll, buffer, unescapedLen, sortkeys[i], 256);
+         ucol_mergeSortkeys(prefixKey, prefixKeyLen, sortkeys[i], sortKeysLen[i], mergedPrefixkeys[i], 256);
+         ucol_mergeSortkeys(sortkeys[i], sortKeysLen[i], suffixKey, suffixKeyLen, mergedSuffixkeys[i], 256);
+         if(i>0) {
+           if(tMemCmp(mergedPrefixkeys[i-1], mergedPrefixkeys[i]) >= 0) {
+             log_err("Error while comparing prefixed keys @ strength %s:\n", strengthsC[strength<=UCOL_QUATERNARY?strength:4]);
+             log_err("%s\n%s\n",
+                         ucol_sortKeyToString(coll, mergedPrefixkeys[i-1], outBuff1, &l1),
+                         ucol_sortKeyToString(coll, mergedPrefixkeys[i], outBuff2, &l2));
+           }
+           if(tMemCmp(mergedSuffixkeys[i-1], mergedSuffixkeys[i]) >= 0) {
+             log_err("Error while comparing suffixed keys @ strength %s:\n", strengthsC[strength<=UCOL_QUATERNARY?strength:4]);
+             log_err("%s\n%s\n",
+                         ucol_sortKeyToString(coll, mergedSuffixkeys[i-1], outBuff1, &l1),
+                         ucol_sortKeyToString(coll, mergedSuffixkeys[i], outBuff2, &l2));
+           }
+         }
+       }
+       if(strength == UCOL_QUATERNARY) {
+         strength = UCOL_IDENTICAL;
+       } else {
+         strength++;
+       }
+     }
+
+     {
+       uint8_t smallBuf[3];
+       uint32_t reqLen = 0;
+       log_verbose("testing buffer overflow\n");
+       reqLen = ucol_mergeSortkeys(prefixKey, prefixKeyLen, suffixKey, suffixKeyLen, smallBuf, 3);
+       if(reqLen != (prefixKeyLen+suffixKeyLen-1)) {
+         log_err("Wrong preflight size for merged sortkey\n");
+       }
+     }
+
+     {
+       UChar empty = 0;
+       uint8_t emptyKey[20], abcKey[50], mergedKey[100];
+       int32_t emptyKeyLen = 0, abcKeyLen = 0, mergedKeyLen = 0;
+
+       log_verbose("testing merging with sortkeys generated for empty strings\n");
+       emptyKeyLen = ucol_getSortKey(coll, &empty, 0, emptyKey, 20);
+       unescapedLen = u_unescape(cases[0], buffer, 256);
+       abcKeyLen = ucol_getSortKey(coll, buffer, unescapedLen, abcKey, 50);
+       mergedKeyLen = ucol_mergeSortkeys(emptyKey, emptyKeyLen, abcKey, abcKeyLen, mergedKey, 100);
+       if(mergedKey[0] != 2) {
+         log_err("Empty sortkey didn't produce a level separator\n");
+       }
+       /* try with zeros */
+       mergedKeyLen = ucol_mergeSortkeys(emptyKey, 0, abcKey, abcKeyLen, mergedKey, 100);
+       if(mergedKeyLen != 0 || mergedKey[0] != 0) {
+         log_err("Empty key didn't produce null mergedKey\n");
+       }
+       mergedKeyLen = ucol_mergeSortkeys(abcKey, abcKeyLen, emptyKey, 0, mergedKey, 100);
+       if(mergedKeyLen != 0 || mergedKey[0] != 0) {
+         log_err("Empty key didn't produce null mergedKey\n");
+       }
+
+     }
+
+     for(i = 0; i<casesSize; i++) {
+       free(sortkeys[i]);
+       free(mergedPrefixkeys[i]);
+       free(mergedSuffixkeys[i]);
+     }
+     free(sortkeys);
+     free(mergedPrefixkeys);
+     free(mergedSuffixkeys);
+     free(sortKeysLen);
+     ucol_close(coll);
+     /* need to finish this up */
+   } else {
+     log_data_err("Couldn't open collator");
+   }
+}
+static void TestShortString(void)
+{
+    struct {
+        const char *input;
+        const char *expectedOutput;
+        const char *locale;
+        UErrorCode expectedStatus;
+        int32_t    expectedOffset;
+        uint32_t   expectedIdentifier;
+    } testCases[] = {
+        /*
+         * The following expectedOutput contains a collation weight (2700 from UCA 6.0)
+         * which is the primary weight for the T character (U+0041) in the input.
+         * When that character gets a different weight in FractionalUCA.txt,
+         * the expectedOutput needs to be adjusted.
+         * That is, when we upgrade to a new UCA version or change collation
+         * in such a way that the absolute weight for 'A' changes,
+         * we will get a test failure here and need to adjust the test case.
+         */
+        {"LDE_RDE_KPHONEBOOK_T0041_ZLATN","B2700_KPHONEBOOK_LDE", "de@collation=phonebook", U_USING_FALLBACK_WARNING, 0, 0 },
+
+        {"LEN_RUS_NO_AS_S4","AS_LROOT_NO_S4", NULL, U_USING_DEFAULT_WARNING, 0, 0 },
+        {"LDE_VPHONEBOOK_EO_SI","EO_KPHONEBOOK_LDE_SI", "de@collation=phonebook", U_ZERO_ERROR, 0, 0 },
+        {"LDE_Kphonebook","KPHONEBOOK_LDE", "de@collation=phonebook", U_ZERO_ERROR, 0, 0 },
+        {"Xqde_DE@collation=phonebookq_S3_EX","KPHONEBOOK_LDE", "de@collation=phonebook", U_USING_FALLBACK_WARNING, 0, 0 },
+        {"LFR_FO", "FO_LROOT", NULL, U_USING_DEFAULT_WARNING, 0, 0 },
+        {"SO_LX_AS", "", NULL, U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR, 8, 0 },
+        {"S3_ASS_MMM", "", NULL, U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR, 5, 0 }
+    };
+
+    int32_t i = 0;
+    UCollator *coll = NULL, *fromNormalized = NULL;
+    UParseError parseError;
+    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    char fromShortBuffer[256], normalizedBuffer[256], fromNormalizedBuffer[256];
+    const char* locale = NULL;
+
+
+    for(i = 0; i < sizeof(testCases)/sizeof(testCases[0]); i++) {
+        status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        if(testCases[i].locale) {
+            locale = testCases[i].locale;
+        } else {
+            locale = NULL;
+        }
+
+        coll = ucol_openFromShortString(testCases[i].input, FALSE, &parseError, &status);
+        if(status != testCases[i].expectedStatus) {
+            log_err_status(status, "Got status '%s' that is different from expected '%s' for '%s'\n",
+                u_errorName(status), u_errorName(testCases[i].expectedStatus), testCases[i].input);
+            continue;
+        }
+
+        if(U_SUCCESS(status)) {
+            ucol_getShortDefinitionString(coll, locale, fromShortBuffer, 256, &status);
+
+            if(strcmp(fromShortBuffer, testCases[i].expectedOutput)) {
+                log_err("Got short string '%s' from the collator. Expected '%s' for input '%s'\n",
+                    fromShortBuffer, testCases[i].expectedOutput, testCases[i].input);
+            }
+
+            ucol_normalizeShortDefinitionString(testCases[i].input, normalizedBuffer, 256, &parseError, &status);
+            fromNormalized = ucol_openFromShortString(normalizedBuffer, FALSE, &parseError, &status);
+            ucol_getShortDefinitionString(fromNormalized, locale, fromNormalizedBuffer, 256, &status);
+
+            if(strcmp(fromShortBuffer, fromNormalizedBuffer)) {
+                log_err("Strings obtained from collators instantiated by short string ('%s') and from normalized string ('%s') differ\n",
+                    fromShortBuffer, fromNormalizedBuffer);
+            }
+
+
+            if(!ucol_equals(coll, fromNormalized)) {
+                log_err("Collator from short string ('%s') differs from one obtained through a normalized version ('%s')\n",
+                    testCases[i].input, normalizedBuffer);
+            }
+
+            ucol_close(fromNormalized);
+            ucol_close(coll);
+
+        } else {
+            if(parseError.offset != testCases[i].expectedOffset) {
+                log_err("Got parse error offset %i, but expected %i instead for '%s'\n",
+                    parseError.offset, testCases[i].expectedOffset, testCases[i].input);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+}
+
+static void
+doSetsTest(const char *locale, const USet *ref, USet *set, const char* inSet, const char* outSet, UErrorCode *status) {
+    UChar buffer[512];
+    int32_t bufLen;
+
+    uset_clear(set);
+    bufLen = u_unescape(inSet, buffer, 512);
+    uset_applyPattern(set, buffer, bufLen, 0, status);
+    if(U_FAILURE(*status)) {
+        log_err("%s: Failure setting pattern %s\n", locale, u_errorName(*status));
+    }
+
+    if(!uset_containsAll(ref, set)) {
+        log_err("%s: Some stuff from %s is not present in the set\n", locale, inSet);
+    }
+
+    uset_clear(set);
+    bufLen = u_unescape(outSet, buffer, 512);
+    uset_applyPattern(set, buffer, bufLen, 0, status);
+    if(U_FAILURE(*status)) {
+        log_err("%s: Failure setting pattern %s\n", locale, u_errorName(*status));
+    }
+
+    if(!uset_containsNone(ref, set)) {
+        log_err("%s: Some stuff from %s is present in the set\n", locale, outSet);
+    }
+}
+
+
+
+
+static void
+TestGetContractionsAndUnsafes(void)
+{
+    static struct {
+        const char* locale;
+        const char* inConts;
+        const char* outConts;
+        const char* inExp;
+        const char* outExp;
+        const char* unsafeCodeUnits;
+        const char* safeCodeUnits;
+    } tests[] = {
+        { "ru",
+            "[{\\u0418\\u0306}{\\u0438\\u0306}]",
+            "[\\u0439\\u0457]",
+            "[\\u00e6]",
+            "[ae]",
+            "[\\u0418\\u0438]",
+            "[aAbB\\u0430\\u0410\\u0433\\u0413]"
+        },
+        { "uk",
+            "[{\\u0406\\u0308}{\\u0456\\u0308}{\\u0418\\u0306}{\\u0438\\u0306}]",
+            "[\\u0407\\u0419\\u0439\\u0457]",
+            "[\\u00e6]",
+            "[ae]",
+            "[\\u0406\\u0456\\u0418\\u0438]",
+            "[aAbBxv]",
+        },
+        { "sh",
+            "[{C\\u0301}{C\\u030C}{C\\u0341}{DZ\\u030C}{Dz\\u030C}{D\\u017D}{D\\u017E}{lj}{nj}]",
+            "[{\\u309d\\u3099}{\\u30fd\\u3099}]",
+            "[\\u00e6]",
+            "[a]",
+            "[nlcdzNLCDZ]",
+            "[jabv]"
+        },
+        { "ja",
+          "[{\\u3053\\u3099\\u309D}{\\u3053\\u3099\\u309D\\u3099}{\\u3053\\u3099\\u309E}{\\u3053\\u3099\\u30FC}{\\u3053\\u309D}{\\u3053\\u309D\\u3099}{\\u3053\\u309E}{\\u3053\\u30FC}{\\u30B3\\u3099\\u30FC}{\\u30B3\\u3099\\u30FD}{\\u30B3\\u3099\\u30FD\\u3099}{\\u30B3\\u3099\\u30FE}{\\u30B3\\u30FC}{\\u30B3\\u30FD}{\\u30B3\\u30FD\\u3099}{\\u30B3\\u30FE}]",
+          "[{\\u30FD\\u3099}{\\u309D\\u3099}{\\u3053\\u3099}{\\u30B3\\u3099}{lj}{nj}]",
+            "[\\u30FE\\u00e6]",
+            "[a]",
+            "[\\u3099]",
+            "[]"
+        }
+    };
+
+
+
+
+    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    UCollator *coll = NULL;
+    int32_t i = 0;
+    int32_t noConts = 0;
+    USet *conts = uset_open(0,0);
+    USet *exp = uset_open(0, 0);
+    USet *set  = uset_open(0,0);
+    int32_t setBufferLen = 65536;
+    UChar buffer[65536];
+    int32_t setLen = 0;
+
+    for(i = 0; i < sizeof(tests)/sizeof(tests[0]); i++) {
+        log_verbose("Testing locale: %s\n", tests[i].locale);
+        coll = ucol_open(tests[i].locale, &status);
+        if (coll == NULL || U_FAILURE(status)) {
+            log_err_status(status, "Unable to open collator for locale %s ==> %s\n", tests[i].locale, u_errorName(status));
+            continue;
+        }
+        ucol_getContractionsAndExpansions(coll, conts, exp, TRUE, &status);
+        doSetsTest(tests[i].locale, conts, set, tests[i].inConts, tests[i].outConts, &status);
+        setLen = uset_toPattern(conts, buffer, setBufferLen, TRUE, &status);
+        if(U_SUCCESS(status)) {
+            /*log_verbose("Contractions %i: %s\n", uset_getItemCount(conts), aescstrdup(buffer, setLen));*/
+        } else {
+            log_err("error %s. %i\n", u_errorName(status), setLen);
+            status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        }
+        doSetsTest(tests[i].locale, exp, set, tests[i].inExp, tests[i].outExp, &status);
+        setLen = uset_toPattern(exp, buffer, setBufferLen, TRUE, &status);
+        if(U_SUCCESS(status)) {
+            /*log_verbose("Expansions %i: %s\n", uset_getItemCount(exp), aescstrdup(buffer, setLen));*/
+        } else {
+            log_err("error %s. %i\n", u_errorName(status), setLen);
+            status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        }
+
+        noConts = ucol_getUnsafeSet(coll, conts, &status);
+        doSetsTest(tests[i].locale, conts, set, tests[i].unsafeCodeUnits, tests[i].safeCodeUnits, &status);
+        setLen = uset_toPattern(conts, buffer, setBufferLen, TRUE, &status);
+        if(U_SUCCESS(status)) {
+            log_verbose("Unsafe %i: %s\n", uset_getItemCount(exp), aescstrdup(buffer, setLen));
+        } else {
+            log_err("error %s. %i\n", u_errorName(status), setLen);
+            status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        }
+
+        ucol_close(coll);
+    }
+
+
+    uset_close(conts);
+    uset_close(exp);
+    uset_close(set);
+}
+
+static void
+TestOpenBinary(void)
+{
+    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    /*
+    char rule[] = "&h < d < c < b";
+    char *wUCA[] = { "a", "h", "d", "c", "b", "i" };
+    char *noUCA[] = {"d", "c", "b", "a", "h", "i" };
+    */
+    /* we have to use Cyrillic letters because latin-1 always gets copied */
+    const char rule[] = "&\\u0452 < \\u0434 < \\u0433 < \\u0432"; /* &dje < d < g < v */
+    const char *wUCA[] = { "\\u0430", "\\u0452", "\\u0434", "\\u0433", "\\u0432", "\\u0435" }; /* a, dje, d, g, v, e */
+    const char *noUCA[] = {"\\u0434", "\\u0433", "\\u0432", "\\u0430", "\\u0435", "\\u0452" }; /* d, g, v, a, e, dje */
+
+    UChar uRules[256];
+    int32_t uRulesLen = u_unescape(rule, uRules, 256);
+
+    UCollator *coll = ucol_openRules(uRules, uRulesLen, UCOL_DEFAULT, UCOL_DEFAULT, NULL, &status);
+    UCollator *UCA = NULL;
+    UCollator *cloneNOUCA = NULL, *cloneWUCA = NULL;
+
+    uint8_t imageBuffer[32768];
+    uint8_t *image = imageBuffer;
+    int32_t imageBufferCapacity = 32768;
+
+    int32_t imageSize;
+
+    if((coll==NULL)||(U_FAILURE(status))) {
+        log_data_err("could not load collators or error occured: %s\n",
+            u_errorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+    UCA = ucol_open("root", &status);
+    if((UCA==NULL)||(U_FAILURE(status))) {
+        log_data_err("could not load UCA collator or error occured: %s\n",
+            u_errorName(status));
+        return;
+    }
+    imageSize = ucol_cloneBinary(coll, image, imageBufferCapacity, &status);
+    if(U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        image = (uint8_t *)malloc(imageSize*sizeof(uint8_t));
+        status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+        imageSize = ucol_cloneBinary(coll, imageBuffer, imageSize, &status);
+    }
+
+
+    cloneWUCA = ucol_openBinary(image, imageSize, UCA, &status);
+    cloneNOUCA = ucol_openBinary(image, imageSize, NULL, &status);
+
+    genericOrderingTest(coll, wUCA, sizeof(wUCA)/sizeof(wUCA[0]));
+
+    genericOrderingTest(cloneWUCA, wUCA, sizeof(wUCA)/sizeof(wUCA[0]));
+    genericOrderingTest(cloneNOUCA, noUCA, sizeof(noUCA)/sizeof(noUCA[0]));
+
+    if(image != imageBuffer) {
+        free(image);
+    }
+    ucol_close(coll);
+    ucol_close(cloneNOUCA);
+    ucol_close(cloneWUCA);
+    ucol_close(UCA);
+}
+
+static void TestDefault(void) {
+    /* Tests for code coverage. */
+    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    UCollator *coll = ucol_open("es@collation=pinyin", &status);
+    if (coll == NULL || status == U_FILE_ACCESS_ERROR) {
+        log_data_err("Unable to open collator es@collation=pinyin\n");
+        return;
+    }
+    if (status != U_USING_DEFAULT_WARNING) {
+        /* What do you mean that you know about using pinyin collation in Spanish!? This should be in the zh locale. */
+        log_err("es@collation=pinyin should return U_USING_DEFAULT_WARNING, but returned %s\n", u_errorName(status));
+    }
+    ucol_close(coll);
+    if (ucol_getKeywordValues("funky", &status) != NULL) {
+        log_err("Collators should not know about the funky keyword.\n");
+    }
+    if (status != U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR) {
+        log_err("funky keyword didn't fail as expected %s\n", u_errorName(status));
+    }
+    if (ucol_getKeywordValues("collation", &status) != NULL) {
+        log_err("ucol_getKeywordValues should not work when given a bad status.\n");
+    }
+}
+
+static void TestDefaultKeyword(void) {
+    /* Tests for code coverage. */
+    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    const char *loc = "zh_TW@collation=default";
+    UCollator *coll = ucol_open(loc, &status);
+    if(U_FAILURE(status)) {
+        log_info("Warning: ucol_open(%s, ...) returned %s, at least it didn't crash.\n", loc, u_errorName(status));
+    } else if (status != U_USING_FALLBACK_WARNING) {
+        /* Hmm, skip the following test for CLDR 1.9 data and/or ICU 4.6, no longer seems to apply */
+        #if 0
+        log_err("ucol_open(%s, ...) should return an error or some sort of U_USING_FALLBACK_WARNING, but returned %s\n", loc, u_errorName(status));
+        #endif
+    }
+    ucol_close(coll);
+}
+
+static void TestGetKeywordValuesForLocale(void) {
+#define INCLUDE_UNIHAN_COLLATION 0
+#define PREFERRED_SIZE 16
+#define MAX_NUMBER_OF_KEYWORDS 8
+    const char *PREFERRED[PREFERRED_SIZE][MAX_NUMBER_OF_KEYWORDS+1] = {
+            { "und",            "standard", "ducet", "search", NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL },
+            { "en_US",          "standard", "ducet", "search", NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL },
+            { "en_029",         "standard", "ducet", "search", NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL },
+            { "de_DE",          "standard", "phonebook", "search", "ducet", NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL },
+            { "de_Latn_DE",     "standard", "phonebook", "search", "ducet", NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL },
+#if INCLUDE_UNIHAN_COLLATION
+            { "zh",             "pinyin", "big5han", "gb2312han", "standard", "stroke", "unihan", "ducet", "search" },
+            { "zh_Hans",        "pinyin", "big5han", "gb2312han", "standard", "stroke", "unihan", "ducet", "search" },
+            { "zh_CN",          "pinyin", "big5han", "gb2312han", "standard", "stroke", "unihan", "ducet", "search" },
+            { "zh_Hant",        "stroke", "big5han", "gb2312han", "pinyin", "standard", "unihan", "ducet", "search" },
+            { "zh_TW",          "stroke", "big5han", "gb2312han", "pinyin", "standard", "unihan", "ducet", "search" },
+            { "zh__PINYIN",     "pinyin", "big5han", "gb2312han", "standard", "stroke", "unihan", "ducet", "search" },
+#else
+            { "zh",             "pinyin", "big5han", "gb2312han", "standard", "stroke", "ducet", "search", NULL },
+            { "zh_Hans",        "pinyin", "big5han", "gb2312han", "standard", "stroke", "ducet", "search", NULL },
+            { "zh_CN",          "pinyin", "big5han", "gb2312han", "standard", "stroke", "ducet", "search", NULL },
+            { "zh_Hant",        "stroke", "big5han", "gb2312han", "pinyin", "standard", "ducet", "search", NULL },
+            { "zh_TW",          "stroke", "big5han", "gb2312han", "pinyin", "standard", "ducet", "search", NULL },
+            { "zh__PINYIN",     "pinyin", "big5han", "gb2312han", "standard", "stroke", "ducet", "search", NULL },
+#endif
+            { "es_ES",          "standard", "search", "traditional", "ducet", NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL },
+            { "es__TRADITIONAL","traditional", "search", "standard", "ducet", NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL },
+            { "und@collation=phonebook",    "standard", "ducet", "search", NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL },
+            { "de_DE@collation=big5han",    "standard", "phonebook", "search", "ducet", NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL },
+            { "zzz@collation=xxx",          "standard", "ducet", "search", NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL, NULL }
+    };
+#if INCLUDE_UNIHAN_COLLATION
+    const int32_t expectedLength[PREFERRED_SIZE] = { 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 8, 4, 4, 3, 4, 3 };
+#else
+    const int32_t expectedLength[PREFERRED_SIZE] = { 3, 3, 3, 4, 4, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 7, 4, 4, 3, 4, 3 };
+#endif
+
+    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+    UEnumeration *keywordValues = NULL;
+    int32_t i, n, size, valueLength;
+    const char *locale = NULL, *value = NULL;
+    UBool errorOccurred = FALSE;
+
+    for (i = 0; i < PREFERRED_SIZE; i++) {
+        locale = PREFERRED[i][0];
+        value = NULL;
+        valueLength = 0;
+        size = 0;
+
+        keywordValues = ucol_getKeywordValuesForLocale("collation", locale, TRUE, &status);
+        if (keywordValues == NULL || U_FAILURE(status)) {
+            log_err_status(status, "Error getting keyword values: %s\n", u_errorName(status));
+            break;
+        }
+        size = uenum_count(keywordValues, &status);
+
+        if (size == expectedLength[i]) {
+            for (n = 0; n < expectedLength[i]; n++) {
+                if ((value = uenum_next(keywordValues, &valueLength, &status)) != NULL && U_SUCCESS(status)) {
+                    if (uprv_strcmp(value, PREFERRED[i][n+1]) != 0) {
+                        log_err("Keyword values differ: Got [%s] Expected [%s] for locale: %s\n", value, PREFERRED[i][n+1], locale);
+                        errorOccurred = TRUE;
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                } else {
+                    log_err("While getting keyword value from locale: %s got this error: %s\n", locale, u_errorName(status));
+                    errorOccurred = TRUE;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+            if (errorOccurred) {
+                break;
+            }
+        } else {
+            log_err("Number of keywords (%d) does not match expected size (%d) for locale: %s\n", size, expectedLength[i], locale);
+            break;
+        }
+        uenum_close(keywordValues);
+        keywordValues = NULL;
+    }
+    if (keywordValues != NULL) {
+        uenum_close(keywordValues);
+    }
+}
+
+
+#endif /* #if !UCONFIG_NO_COLLATION */