Check in the pristine copy of ICU 4.6...

icu46/source/common/unicode/uloc.h

+/*
+**********************************************************************
+*   Copyright (C) 1997-2010, International Business Machines
+*   Corporation and others.  All Rights Reserved.
+**********************************************************************
+*
+* File ULOC.H
+*
+* Modification History:
+*
+*   Date        Name        Description
+*   04/01/97    aliu        Creation.
+*   08/22/98    stephen     JDK 1.2 sync.
+*   12/08/98    rtg         New C API for Locale
+*   03/30/99    damiba      overhaul
+*   03/31/99    helena      Javadoc for uloc functions.
+*   04/15/99    Madhu       Updated Javadoc
+********************************************************************************
+*/
+
+#ifndef ULOC_H
+#define ULOC_H
+
+#include "unicode/utypes.h"
+#include "unicode/uenum.h"
+
+/**    
+ * \file
+ * \brief  C API: Locale 
+ *
+ * <h2> ULoc C API for Locale </h2>
+ * A <code>Locale</code> represents a specific geographical, political,
+ * or cultural region. An operation that requires a <code>Locale</code> to perform
+ * its task is called <em>locale-sensitive</em> and uses the <code>Locale</code>
+ * to tailor information for the user. For example, displaying a number
+ * is a locale-sensitive operation--the number should be formatted
+ * according to the customs/conventions of the user's native country,
+ * region, or culture.  In the C APIs, a locales is simply a const char string.
+ *
+ * <P>
+ * You create a <code>Locale</code> with one of the three options listed below.
+ * Each of the component is separated by '_' in the locale string.
+ * \htmlonly<blockquote>\endhtmlonly
+ * <pre>
+ * \code
+ *       newLanguage
+ * 
+ *       newLanguage + newCountry
+ * 
+ *       newLanguage + newCountry + newVariant
+ * \endcode
+ * </pre>
+ * \htmlonly</blockquote>\endhtmlonly
+ * The first option is a valid <STRONG>ISO
+ * Language Code.</STRONG> These codes are the lower-case two-letter
+ * codes as defined by ISO-639.
+ * You can find a full list of these codes at a number of sites, such as:
+ * <BR><a href ="http://www.ics.uci.edu/pub/ietf/http/related/iso639.txt">
+ * http://www.ics.uci.edu/pub/ietf/http/related/iso639.txt</a>
+ *
+ * <P>
+ * The second option includes an additonal <STRONG>ISO Country
+ * Code.</STRONG> These codes are the upper-case two-letter codes
+ * as defined by ISO-3166.
+ * You can find a full list of these codes at a number of sites, such as:
+ * <BR><a href="http://www.chemie.fu-berlin.de/diverse/doc/ISO_3166.html">
+ * http://www.chemie.fu-berlin.de/diverse/doc/ISO_3166.html</a>
+ *
+ * <P>
+ * The third option requires another additonal information--the 
+ * <STRONG>Variant.</STRONG>
+ * The Variant codes are vendor and browser-specific.
+ * For example, use WIN for Windows, MAC for Macintosh, and POSIX for POSIX.
+ * Where there are two variants, separate them with an underscore, and
+ * put the most important one first. For
+ * example, a Traditional Spanish collation might be referenced, with
+ * "ES", "ES", "Traditional_WIN".
+ *
+ * <P>
+ * Because a <code>Locale</code> is just an identifier for a region,
+ * no validity check is performed when you specify a <code>Locale</code>.
+ * If you want to see whether particular resources are available for the
+ * <code>Locale</code> you asked for, you must query those resources. For
+ * example, ask the <code>UNumberFormat</code> for the locales it supports
+ * using its <code>getAvailable</code> method.
+ * <BR><STRONG>Note:</STRONG> When you ask for a resource for a particular
+ * locale, you get back the best available match, not necessarily
+ * precisely what you asked for. For more information, look at
+ * <code>UResourceBundle</code>.
+ *
+ * <P>
+ * The <code>Locale</code> provides a number of convenient constants
+ * that you can use to specify the commonly used
+ * locales. For example, the following refers to a locale
+ * for the United States:
+ * \htmlonly<blockquote>\endhtmlonly
+ * <pre>
+ * \code
+ *       ULOC_US
+ * \endcode
+ * </pre>
+ * \htmlonly</blockquote>\endhtmlonly
+ *
+ * <P>
+ * Once you've specified a locale you can query it for information about
+ * itself. Use <code>uloc_getCountry</code> to get the ISO Country Code and
+ * <code>uloc_getLanguage</code> to get the ISO Language Code. You can
+ * use <code>uloc_getDisplayCountry</code> to get the
+ * name of the country suitable for displaying to the user. Similarly,
+ * you can use <code>uloc_getDisplayLanguage</code> to get the name of
+ * the language suitable for displaying to the user. Interestingly,
+ * the <code>uloc_getDisplayXXX</code> methods are themselves locale-sensitive
+ * and have two versions: one that uses the default locale and one
+ * that takes a locale as an argument and displays the name or country in
+ * a language appropriate to that locale.
+ *
+ * <P>
+ * The ICU provides a number of services that perform locale-sensitive
+ * operations. For example, the <code>unum_xxx</code> functions format
+ * numbers, currency, or percentages in a locale-sensitive manner. 
+ * </P>
+ * \htmlonly<blockquote>\endhtmlonly
+ * <pre>
+ * \code
+ *     UErrorCode success = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+ *     UNumberFormat *nf;
+ *     const char* myLocale = "fr_FR";
+ * 
+ *     nf = unum_open( UNUM_DEFAULT, NULL, success );          
+ *     unum_close(nf);
+ *     nf = unum_open( UNUM_CURRENCY, NULL, success );
+ *     unum_close(nf);
+ *     nf = unum_open( UNUM_PERCENT, NULL, success );   
+ *     unum_close(nf);
+ * \endcode
+ * </pre>
+ * \htmlonly</blockquote>\endhtmlonly
+ * Each of these methods has two variants; one with an explicit locale
+ * and one without; the latter using the default locale.
+ * \htmlonly<blockquote>\endhtmlonly
+ * <pre>
+ * \code 
+ * 
+ *     nf = unum_open( UNUM_DEFAULT, myLocale, success );          
+ *     unum_close(nf);
+ *     nf = unum_open( UNUM_CURRENCY, myLocale, success );
+ *     unum_close(nf);
+ *     nf = unum_open( UNUM_PERCENT, myLocale, success );   
+ *     unum_close(nf);
+ * \endcode
+ * </pre>
+ * \htmlonly</blockquote>\endhtmlonly
+ * A <code>Locale</code> is the mechanism for identifying the kind of services
+ * (<code>UNumberFormat</code>) that you would like to get. The locale is
+ * <STRONG>just</STRONG> a mechanism for identifying these services.
+ *
+ * <P>
+ * Each international serivce that performs locale-sensitive operations 
+ * allows you
+ * to get all the available objects of that type. You can sift
+ * through these objects by language, country, or variant,
+ * and use the display names to present a menu to the user.
+ * For example, you can create a menu of all the collation objects
+ * suitable for a given language. Such classes implement these
+ * three class methods:
+ * \htmlonly<blockquote>\endhtmlonly
+ * <pre>
+ * \code
+ *       const char* uloc_getAvailable(int32_t index);
+ *       int32_t uloc_countAvailable();
+ *       int32_t
+ *       uloc_getDisplayName(const char* localeID,
+ *                 const char* inLocaleID, 
+ *                 UChar* result,
+ *                 int32_t maxResultSize,
+ *                  UErrorCode* err);
+ * 
+ * \endcode
+ * </pre>
+ * \htmlonly</blockquote>\endhtmlonly
+ * <P>
+ * Concerning POSIX/RFC1766 Locale IDs, 
+ *  the getLanguage/getCountry/getVariant/getName functions do understand
+ * the POSIX type form of  language_COUNTRY.ENCODING\@VARIANT
+ * and if there is not an ICU-stype variant, uloc_getVariant() for example
+ * will return the one listed after the \@at sign. As well, the hyphen
+ * "-" is recognized as a country/variant separator similarly to RFC1766.
+ * So for example, "en-us" will be interpreted as en_US.  
+ * As a result, uloc_getName() is far from a no-op, and will have the
+ * effect of converting POSIX/RFC1766 IDs into ICU form, although it does
+ * NOT map any of the actual codes (i.e. russian->ru) in any way.
+ * Applications should call uloc_getName() at the point where a locale ID
+ * is coming from an external source (user entry, OS, web browser)
+ * and pass the resulting string to other ICU functions.  For example,
+ * don't use de-de\@EURO as an argument to resourcebundle.
+ *
+ * @see UResourceBundle
+ */
+
+/** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */
+#define ULOC_CHINESE            "zh"
+/** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */
+#define ULOC_ENGLISH            "en"
+/** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */
+#define ULOC_FRENCH             "fr"
+/** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */
+#define ULOC_GERMAN             "de"
+/** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */
+#define ULOC_ITALIAN            "it"
+/** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */
+#define ULOC_JAPANESE           "ja"
+/** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */
+#define ULOC_KOREAN             "ko"
+/** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */
+#define ULOC_SIMPLIFIED_CHINESE "zh_CN"
+/** Useful constant for this language. @stable ICU 2.0 */
+#define ULOC_TRADITIONAL_CHINESE "zh_TW"
+
+/** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */
+#define ULOC_CANADA         "en_CA"
+/** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */
+#define ULOC_CANADA_FRENCH  "fr_CA"
+/** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */
+#define ULOC_CHINA          "zh_CN"
+/** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */
+#define ULOC_PRC            "zh_CN"
+/** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */
+#define ULOC_FRANCE         "fr_FR"
+/** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */
+#define ULOC_GERMANY        "de_DE"
+/** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */
+#define ULOC_ITALY          "it_IT"
+/** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */
+#define ULOC_JAPAN          "ja_JP"
+/** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */
+#define ULOC_KOREA          "ko_KR"
+/** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */
+#define ULOC_TAIWAN         "zh_TW"
+/** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */
+#define ULOC_UK             "en_GB"
+/** Useful constant for this country/region. @stable ICU 2.0 */
+#define ULOC_US             "en_US"
+
+/**
+ * Useful constant for the maximum size of the language part of a locale ID.
+ * (including the terminating NULL).
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+#define ULOC_LANG_CAPACITY 12
+
+/**
+ * Useful constant for the maximum size of the country part of a locale ID
+ * (including the terminating NULL).
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+#define ULOC_COUNTRY_CAPACITY 4
+/**
+ * Useful constant for the maximum size of the whole locale ID
+ * (including the terminating NULL and all keywords).
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+#define ULOC_FULLNAME_CAPACITY 157
+
+/**
+ * Useful constant for the maximum size of the script part of a locale ID
+ * (including the terminating NULL).
+ * @stable ICU 2.8
+ */
+#define ULOC_SCRIPT_CAPACITY 6
+
+/**
+ * Useful constant for the maximum size of keywords in a locale
+ * @stable ICU 2.8
+ */
+#define ULOC_KEYWORDS_CAPACITY 50
+
+/**
+ * Useful constant for the maximum total size of keywords and their values in a locale
+ * @stable ICU 2.8
+ */
+#define ULOC_KEYWORD_AND_VALUES_CAPACITY 100
+
+/**
+ * Invariant character separating keywords from the locale string
+ * @stable ICU 2.8
+ */
+#define ULOC_KEYWORD_SEPARATOR '@'
+
+/**
+  * Unicode code point for '@' separating keywords from the locale string.
+  * @see ULOC_KEYWORD_SEPARATOR
+  * @draft ICU 4.6
+  */
+#define ULOC_KEYWORD_SEPARATOR_UNICODE 0x40
+
+/**
+ * Invariant character for assigning value to a keyword
+ * @stable ICU 2.8
+ */
+#define ULOC_KEYWORD_ASSIGN '='
+
+/**
+  * Unicode code point for '=' for assigning value to a keyword.
+  * @see ULOC_KEYWORD_ASSIGN
+  * @draft ICU 4.6 
+  */
+#define ULOC_KEYWORD_ASSIGN_UNICODE 0x3D
+
+/**
+ * Invariant character separating keywords
+ * @stable ICU 2.8
+ */
+#define ULOC_KEYWORD_ITEM_SEPARATOR ';'
+
+/**
+  * Unicode code point for ';' separating keywords
+  * @see ULOC_KEYWORD_ITEM_SEPARATOR
+  * @draft ICU 4.6
+  */
+#define ULOC_KEYWORD_ITEM_SEPARATOR_UNICODE 0x3B
+
+/**
+ * Constants for *_getLocale()
+ * Allow user to select whether she wants information on 
+ * requested, valid or actual locale.
+ * For example, a collator for "en_US_CALIFORNIA" was
+ * requested. In the current state of ICU (2.0), 
+ * the requested locale is "en_US_CALIFORNIA",
+ * the valid locale is "en_US" (most specific locale supported by ICU)
+ * and the actual locale is "root" (the collation data comes unmodified 
+ * from the UCA)
+ * The locale is considered supported by ICU if there is a core ICU bundle 
+ * for that locale (although it may be empty).
+ * @stable ICU 2.1
+ */
+typedef enum {
+  /** This is locale the data actually comes from 
+   * @stable ICU 2.1
+   */
+  ULOC_ACTUAL_LOCALE    = 0,
+  /** This is the most specific locale supported by ICU 
+   * @stable ICU 2.1
+   */
+  ULOC_VALID_LOCALE    = 1,
+
+#ifndef U_HIDE_DEPRECATED_API
+  /** This is the requested locale
+   *  @deprecated ICU 2.8 
+   */
+  ULOC_REQUESTED_LOCALE = 2,
+#endif /* U_HIDE_DEPRECATED_API */
+
+  ULOC_DATA_LOCALE_TYPE_LIMIT = 3
+} ULocDataLocaleType ;
+
+
+/**
+ * Gets ICU's default locale.  
+ * The returned string is a snapshot in time, and will remain valid
+ *   and unchanged even when uloc_setDefault() is called.
+ *   The returned storage is owned by ICU, and must not be altered or deleted
+ *   by the caller.
+ *  
+ * @return the ICU default locale
+ * @system
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE const char* U_EXPORT2
+uloc_getDefault(void);
+
+/**
+ * Sets ICU's default locale.  
+ *    By default (without calling this function), ICU's default locale will be based
+ *    on information obtained from the underlying system environment.
+ *    <p>
+ *    Changes to ICU's default locale do not propagate back to the
+ *    system environment.
+ *    <p>
+ *    Changes to ICU's default locale to not affect any ICU services that
+ *    may already be open based on the previous default locale value.
+ *
+ * @param localeID the new ICU default locale. A value of NULL will try to get
+ *                 the system's default locale.
+ * @param status the error information if the setting of default locale fails
+ * @system
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE void U_EXPORT2
+uloc_setDefault(const char* localeID,
+        UErrorCode*       status);
+
+/**
+ * Gets the language code for the specified locale.
+ *
+ * @param localeID the locale to get the ISO language code with
+ * @param language the language code for localeID
+ * @param languageCapacity the size of the language buffer to store the  
+ * language code with
+ * @param err error information if retrieving the language code failed
+ * @return the actual buffer size needed for the language code.  If it's greater 
+ * than languageCapacity, the returned language code will be truncated.  
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+uloc_getLanguage(const char*    localeID,
+         char* language,
+         int32_t languageCapacity,
+         UErrorCode* err);
+
+/**
+ * Gets the script code for the specified locale.
+ *
+ * @param localeID the locale to get the ISO language code with
+ * @param script the language code for localeID
+ * @param scriptCapacity the size of the language buffer to store the  
+ * language code with
+ * @param err error information if retrieving the language code failed
+ * @return the actual buffer size needed for the language code.  If it's greater 
+ * than scriptCapacity, the returned language code will be truncated.  
+ * @stable ICU 2.8
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+uloc_getScript(const char*    localeID,
+         char* script,
+         int32_t scriptCapacity,
+         UErrorCode* err);
+
+/**
+ * Gets the  country code for the specified locale.
+ *
+ * @param localeID the locale to get the country code with
+ * @param country the country code for localeID
+ * @param countryCapacity the size of the country buffer to store the  
+ * country code with
+ * @param err error information if retrieving the country code failed
+ * @return the actual buffer size needed for the country code.  If it's greater 
+ * than countryCapacity, the returned country code will be truncated.  
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+uloc_getCountry(const char*    localeID,
+        char* country,
+        int32_t countryCapacity,
+        UErrorCode* err);
+
+/**
+ * Gets the variant code for the specified locale.
+ *
+ * @param localeID the locale to get the variant code with
+ * @param variant the variant code for localeID
+ * @param variantCapacity the size of the variant buffer to store the 
+ * variant code with
+ * @param err error information if retrieving the variant code failed
+ * @return the actual buffer size needed for the variant code.  If it's greater 
+ * than variantCapacity, the returned variant code will be truncated.  
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+uloc_getVariant(const char*    localeID,
+        char* variant,
+        int32_t variantCapacity,
+        UErrorCode* err);
+
+
+/**
+ * Gets the full name for the specified locale.
+ * Note: This has the effect of 'canonicalizing' the ICU locale ID to
+ * a certain extent. Upper and lower case are set as needed.
+ * It does NOT map aliased names in any way.
+ * See the top of this header file.
+ * This API supports preflighting.
+ *
+ * @param localeID the locale to get the full name with
+ * @param name fill in buffer for the name without keywords.
+ * @param nameCapacity capacity of the fill in buffer.
+ * @param err error information if retrieving the full name failed
+ * @return the actual buffer size needed for the full name.  If it's greater 
+ * than nameCapacity, the returned full name will be truncated.  
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+uloc_getName(const char*    localeID,
+         char* name,
+         int32_t nameCapacity,
+         UErrorCode* err);
+
+/**
+ * Gets the full name for the specified locale.
+ * Note: This has the effect of 'canonicalizing' the string to
+ * a certain extent. Upper and lower case are set as needed,
+ * and if the components were in 'POSIX' format they are changed to
+ * ICU format.  It does NOT map aliased names in any way.
+ * See the top of this header file.
+ *
+ * @param localeID the locale to get the full name with
+ * @param name the full name for localeID
+ * @param nameCapacity the size of the name buffer to store the 
+ * full name with
+ * @param err error information if retrieving the full name failed
+ * @return the actual buffer size needed for the full name.  If it's greater 
+ * than nameCapacity, the returned full name will be truncated.  
+ * @stable ICU 2.8
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+uloc_canonicalize(const char*    localeID,
+         char* name,
+         int32_t nameCapacity,
+         UErrorCode* err);
+
+/**
+ * Gets the ISO language code for the specified locale.
+ *
+ * @param localeID the locale to get the ISO language code with
+ * @return language the ISO language code for localeID
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE const char* U_EXPORT2
+uloc_getISO3Language(const char* localeID);
+
+
+/**
+ * Gets the ISO country code for the specified locale.
+ *
+ * @param localeID the locale to get the ISO country code with
+ * @return country the ISO country code for localeID
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE const char* U_EXPORT2
+uloc_getISO3Country(const char* localeID);
+
+/**
+ * Gets the Win32 LCID value for the specified locale.
+ * If the ICU locale is not recognized by Windows, 0 will be returned.
+ *
+ * @param localeID the locale to get the Win32 LCID value with
+ * @return country the Win32 LCID for localeID
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE uint32_t U_EXPORT2
+uloc_getLCID(const char* localeID);
+
+/**
+ * Gets the language name suitable for display for the specified locale.
+ *
+ * @param locale the locale to get the ISO language code with
+ * @param displayLocale Specifies the locale to be used to display the name.  In other words,
+ *                 if the locale's language code is "en", passing Locale::getFrench() for
+ *                 inLocale would result in "Anglais", while passing Locale::getGerman()
+ *                 for inLocale would result in "Englisch".
+ * @param language the displayable language code for localeID
+ * @param languageCapacity the size of the language buffer to store the  
+ * displayable language code with
+ * @param status error information if retrieving the displayable language code failed
+ * @return the actual buffer size needed for the displayable language code.  If it's greater 
+ * than languageCapacity, the returned language code will be truncated.  
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+uloc_getDisplayLanguage(const char* locale,
+            const char* displayLocale,
+            UChar* language,
+            int32_t languageCapacity,
+            UErrorCode* status);
+
+/**
+ * Gets the script name suitable for display for the specified locale.
+ *
+ * @param locale the locale to get the displayable script code with. NULL may be used to specify the default.
+ * @param displayLocale Specifies the locale to be used to display the name.  In other words,
+ *                 if the locale's language code is "en", passing Locale::getFrench() for
+ *                 inLocale would result in "", while passing Locale::getGerman()
+ *                 for inLocale would result in "". NULL may be used to specify the default.
+ * @param script the displayable country code for localeID
+ * @param scriptCapacity the size of the script buffer to store the  
+ * displayable script code with
+ * @param status error information if retrieving the displayable script code failed
+ * @return the actual buffer size needed for the displayable script code.  If it's greater 
+ * than scriptCapacity, the returned displayable script code will be truncated.  
+ * @stable ICU 2.8
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+uloc_getDisplayScript(const char* locale,
+            const char* displayLocale,
+            UChar* script,
+            int32_t scriptCapacity,
+            UErrorCode* status);
+
+/**
+ * Gets the country name suitable for display for the specified locale.
+ *
+ * @param locale the locale to get the displayable country code with. NULL may be used to specify the default.
+ * @param displayLocale Specifies the locale to be used to display the name.  In other words,
+ *                 if the locale's language code is "en", passing Locale::getFrench() for
+ *                 inLocale would result in "Anglais", while passing Locale::getGerman()
+ *                 for inLocale would result in "Englisch". NULL may be used to specify the default.
+ * @param country the displayable country code for localeID
+ * @param countryCapacity the size of the country buffer to store the  
+ * displayable country code with
+ * @param status error information if retrieving the displayable country code failed
+ * @return the actual buffer size needed for the displayable country code.  If it's greater 
+ * than countryCapacity, the returned displayable country code will be truncated.  
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+uloc_getDisplayCountry(const char* locale,
+                       const char* displayLocale,
+                       UChar* country,
+                       int32_t countryCapacity,
+                       UErrorCode* status);
+
+
+/**
+ * Gets the variant name suitable for display for the specified locale.
+ *
+ * @param locale the locale to get the displayable variant code with. NULL may be used to specify the default.
+ * @param displayLocale Specifies the locale to be used to display the name.  In other words,
+ *                 if the locale's language code is "en", passing Locale::getFrench() for
+ *                 inLocale would result in "Anglais", while passing Locale::getGerman()
+ *                 for inLocale would result in "Englisch". NULL may be used to specify the default.
+ * @param variant the displayable variant code for localeID
+ * @param variantCapacity the size of the variant buffer to store the 
+ * displayable variant code with
+ * @param status error information if retrieving the displayable variant code failed
+ * @return the actual buffer size needed for the displayable variant code.  If it's greater 
+ * than variantCapacity, the returned displayable variant code will be truncated.  
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+uloc_getDisplayVariant(const char* locale,
+                       const char* displayLocale,
+                       UChar* variant,
+                       int32_t variantCapacity,
+                       UErrorCode* status);
+
+/**
+ * Gets the keyword name suitable for display for the specified locale.
+ * E.g: for the locale string de_DE\@collation=PHONEBOOK, this API gets the display 
+ * string for the keyword collation. 
+ * Usage:
+ * <code>
+ *    UErrorCode status = U_ZERO_ERROR;
+ *    const char* keyword =NULL;
+ *    int32_t keywordLen = 0;
+ *    int32_t keywordCount = 0;
+ *    UChar displayKeyword[256];
+ *    int32_t displayKeywordLen = 0;
+ *    UEnumeration* keywordEnum = uloc_openKeywords("de_DE@collation=PHONEBOOK;calendar=TRADITIONAL", &status);
+ *    for(keywordCount = uenum_count(keywordEnum, &status); keywordCount > 0 ; keywordCount--){
+ *          if(U_FAILURE(status)){
+ *              ...something went wrong so handle the error...
+ *              break;
+ *          }
+ *          // the uenum_next returns NUL terminated string
+ *          keyword = uenum_next(keywordEnum, &keywordLen, &status);
+ *          displayKeywordLen = uloc_getDisplayKeyword(keyword, "en_US", displayKeyword, 256);
+ *          ... do something interesting .....
+ *    }
+ *    uenum_close(keywordEnum);
+ * </code>
+ * @param keyword           The keyword whose display string needs to be returned.
+ * @param displayLocale     Specifies the locale to be used to display the name.  In other words,
+ *                          if the locale's language code is "en", passing Locale::getFrench() for
+ *                          inLocale would result in "Anglais", while passing Locale::getGerman()
+ *                          for inLocale would result in "Englisch". NULL may be used to specify the default.
+ * @param dest              the buffer to which the displayable keyword should be written.
+ * @param destCapacity      The size of the buffer (number of UChars). If it is 0, then
+ *                          dest may be NULL and the function will only return the length of the 
+ *                          result without writing any of the result string (pre-flighting).
+ * @param status            error information if retrieving the displayable string failed. 
+ *                          Should not be NULL and should not indicate failure on entry.
+ * @return the actual buffer size needed for the displayable variant code.  
+ * @see #uloc_openKeywords
+ * @stable ICU 2.8
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+uloc_getDisplayKeyword(const char* keyword,
+                       const char* displayLocale,
+                       UChar* dest,
+                       int32_t destCapacity,
+                       UErrorCode* status);
+/**
+ * Gets the value of the keyword suitable for display for the specified locale.
+ * E.g: for the locale string de_DE\@collation=PHONEBOOK, this API gets the display 
+ * string for PHONEBOOK, in the display locale, when "collation" is specified as the keyword.
+ *
+ * @param locale            The locale to get the displayable variant code with. NULL may be used to specify the default.
+ * @param keyword           The keyword for whose value should be used.
+ * @param displayLocale     Specifies the locale to be used to display the name.  In other words,
+ *                          if the locale's language code is "en", passing Locale::getFrench() for
+ *                          inLocale would result in "Anglais", while passing Locale::getGerman()
+ *                          for inLocale would result in "Englisch". NULL may be used to specify the default.
+ * @param dest              the buffer to which the displayable keyword should be written.
+ * @param destCapacity      The size of the buffer (number of UChars). If it is 0, then
+ *                          dest may be NULL and the function will only return the length of the 
+ *                          result without writing any of the result string (pre-flighting).
+ * @param status            error information if retrieving the displayable string failed. 
+ *                          Should not be NULL and must not indicate failure on entry.
+ * @return the actual buffer size needed for the displayable variant code.  
+ * @stable ICU 2.8
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+uloc_getDisplayKeywordValue(   const char* locale,
+                               const char* keyword,
+                               const char* displayLocale,
+                               UChar* dest,
+                               int32_t destCapacity,
+                               UErrorCode* status);
+/**
+ * Gets the full name suitable for display for the specified locale.
+ *
+ * @param localeID the locale to get the displayable name with. NULL may be used to specify the default.
+ * @param inLocaleID Specifies the locale to be used to display the name.  In other words,
+ *                   if the locale's language code is "en", passing Locale::getFrench() for
+ *                   inLocale would result in "Anglais", while passing Locale::getGerman()
+ *                   for inLocale would result in "Englisch". NULL may be used to specify the default.
+ * @param result the displayable name for localeID
+ * @param maxResultSize the size of the name buffer to store the 
+ * displayable full name with
+ * @param err error information if retrieving the displayable name failed
+ * @return the actual buffer size needed for the displayable name.  If it's greater 
+ * than maxResultSize, the returned displayable name will be truncated.  
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+uloc_getDisplayName(const char* localeID,
+            const char* inLocaleID,
+            UChar* result,
+            int32_t maxResultSize,
+            UErrorCode* err);
+
+
+/**
+ * Gets the specified locale from a list of all available locales.  
+ * The return value is a pointer to an item of 
+ * a locale name array.  Both this array and the pointers
+ * it contains are owned by ICU and should not be deleted or written through
+ * by the caller.  The locale name is terminated by a null pointer.
+ * @param n the specific locale name index of the available locale list
+ * @return a specified locale name of all available locales
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE const char* U_EXPORT2
+uloc_getAvailable(int32_t n);
+
+/**
+ * Gets the size of the all available locale list.
+ *
+ * @return the size of the locale list
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2 uloc_countAvailable(void);
+
+/**
+ *
+ * Gets a list of all available language codes defined in ISO 639.  This is a pointer
+ * to an array of pointers to arrays of char.  All of these pointers are owned
+ * by ICU-- do not delete them, and do not write through them.  The array is
+ * terminated with a null pointer.
+ * @return a list of all available language codes
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE const char* const* U_EXPORT2
+uloc_getISOLanguages(void);
+
+/**
+ *
+ * Gets a list of all available 2-letter country codes defined in ISO 639.  This is a
+ * pointer to an array of pointers to arrays of char.  All of these pointers are
+ * owned by ICU-- do not delete them, and do not write through them.  The array is
+ * terminated with a null pointer.
+ * @return a list of all available country codes
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE const char* const* U_EXPORT2
+uloc_getISOCountries(void);
+
+/**
+ * Truncate the locale ID string to get the parent locale ID.
+ * Copies the part of the string before the last underscore.
+ * The parent locale ID will be an empty string if there is no
+ * underscore, or if there is only one underscore at localeID[0].
+ *
+ * @param localeID Input locale ID string.
+ * @param parent   Output string buffer for the parent locale ID.
+ * @param parentCapacity Size of the output buffer.
+ * @param err A UErrorCode value.
+ * @return The length of the parent locale ID.
+ * @stable ICU 2.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+uloc_getParent(const char*    localeID,
+                 char* parent,
+                 int32_t parentCapacity,
+                 UErrorCode* err);
+
+
+
+
+/**
+ * Gets the full name for the specified locale.
+ * Note: This has the effect of 'canonicalizing' the string to
+ * a certain extent. Upper and lower case are set as needed,
+ * and if the components were in 'POSIX' format they are changed to
+ * ICU format.  It does NOT map aliased names in any way.
+ * See the top of this header file.
+ * This API strips off the keyword part, so "de_DE\@collation=phonebook" 
+ * will become "de_DE". 
+ * This API supports preflighting.
+ *
+ * @param localeID the locale to get the full name with
+ * @param name fill in buffer for the name without keywords.
+ * @param nameCapacity capacity of the fill in buffer.
+ * @param err error information if retrieving the full name failed
+ * @return the actual buffer size needed for the full name.  If it's greater 
+ * than nameCapacity, the returned full name will be truncated.  
+ * @stable ICU 2.8
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+uloc_getBaseName(const char*    localeID,
+         char* name,
+         int32_t nameCapacity,
+         UErrorCode* err);
+
+/**
+ * Gets an enumeration of keywords for the specified locale. Enumeration
+ * must get disposed of by the client using uenum_close function.
+ *
+ * @param localeID the locale to get the variant code with
+ * @param status error information if retrieving the keywords failed
+ * @return enumeration of keywords or NULL if there are no keywords.
+ * @stable ICU 2.8
+ */
+U_STABLE UEnumeration* U_EXPORT2
+uloc_openKeywords(const char* localeID,
+                        UErrorCode* status);
+
+/**
+ * Get the value for a keyword. Locale name does not need to be normalized.
+ * 
+ * @param localeID locale name containing the keyword ("de_DE@currency=EURO;collation=PHONEBOOK")
+ * @param keywordName name of the keyword for which we want the value. Case insensitive.
+ * @param buffer receiving buffer
+ * @param bufferCapacity capacity of receiving buffer
+ * @param status containing error code - buffer not big enough.
+ * @return the length of keyword value
+ * @stable ICU 2.8
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+uloc_getKeywordValue(const char* localeID,
+                     const char* keywordName,
+                     char* buffer, int32_t bufferCapacity,
+                     UErrorCode* status);
+
+
+/**
+ * Set the value of the specified keyword.
+ * NOTE: Unlike almost every other ICU function which takes a
+ * buffer, this function will NOT truncate the output text. If a
+ * BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR is received, it means that the original
+ * buffer is untouched. This is done to prevent incorrect or possibly
+ * even malformed locales from being generated and used.
+ * 
+ * @param keywordName name of the keyword to be set. Case insensitive.
+ * @param keywordValue value of the keyword to be set. If 0-length or
+ *  NULL, will result in the keyword being removed. No error is given if 
+ *  that keyword does not exist.
+ * @param buffer input buffer containing locale to be modified.
+ * @param bufferCapacity capacity of receiving buffer
+ * @param status containing error code - buffer not big enough.
+ * @return the length needed for the buffer
+ * @see uloc_getKeywordValue
+ * @stable ICU 3.2
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+uloc_setKeywordValue(const char* keywordName,
+                     const char* keywordValue,
+                     char* buffer, int32_t bufferCapacity,
+                     UErrorCode* status);
+
+/**
+ * enums for the  return value for the character and line orientation
+ * functions.
+ * @stable ICU 4.0
+ */
+typedef enum {
+  ULOC_LAYOUT_LTR   = 0,  /* left-to-right. */
+  ULOC_LAYOUT_RTL    = 1,  /* right-to-left. */
+  ULOC_LAYOUT_TTB    = 2,  /* top-to-bottom. */
+  ULOC_LAYOUT_BTT    = 3,   /* bottom-to-top. */
+  ULOC_LAYOUT_UNKNOWN
+} ULayoutType;
+
+/**
+ * Get the layout character orientation for the specified locale.
+ * 
+ * @param localeId locale name
+ * @param status Error status
+ * @return an enum indicating the layout orientation for characters.
+ * @stable ICU 4.0
+ */
+U_STABLE ULayoutType U_EXPORT2
+uloc_getCharacterOrientation(const char* localeId,
+                             UErrorCode *status);
+
+/**
+ * Get the layout line orientation for the specified locale.
+ * 
+ * @param localeId locale name
+ * @param status Error status
+ * @return an enum indicating the layout orientation for lines.
+ * @stable ICU 4.0
+ */
+U_STABLE ULayoutType U_EXPORT2
+uloc_getLineOrientation(const char* localeId,
+                        UErrorCode *status);
+
+/**
+ * enums for the 'outResult' parameter return value
+ * @see uloc_acceptLanguageFromHTTP
+ * @see uloc_acceptLanguage
+ * @stable ICU 3.2
+ */
+typedef enum {
+  ULOC_ACCEPT_FAILED   = 0,  /* No exact match was found. */
+  ULOC_ACCEPT_VALID    = 1,  /* An exact match was found. */
+  ULOC_ACCEPT_FALLBACK = 2   /* A fallback was found, for example, 
+                                Accept list contained 'ja_JP'
+                                which matched available locale 'ja'. */
+} UAcceptResult;
+
+
+/**
+ * Based on a HTTP header from a web browser and a list of available locales,
+ * determine an acceptable locale for the user.
+ * @param result - buffer to accept the result locale
+ * @param resultAvailable the size of the result buffer.
+ * @param outResult - An out parameter that contains the fallback status
+ * @param httpAcceptLanguage - "Accept-Language:" header as per HTTP.
+ * @param availableLocales - list of available locales to match
+ * @param status Error status, may be BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR
+ * @return length needed for the locale.
+ * @stable ICU 3.2
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+uloc_acceptLanguageFromHTTP(char *result, int32_t resultAvailable,
+                            UAcceptResult *outResult,
+                            const char *httpAcceptLanguage,
+                            UEnumeration* availableLocales,
+                            UErrorCode *status);
+
+/**
+ * Based on a list of available locales,
+ * determine an acceptable locale for the user.
+ * @param result - buffer to accept the result locale
+ * @param resultAvailable the size of the result buffer.
+ * @param outResult - An out parameter that contains the fallback status
+ * @param acceptList - list of acceptable languages
+ * @param acceptListCount - count of acceptList items
+ * @param availableLocales - list of available locales to match
+ * @param status Error status, may be BUFFER_OVERFLOW_ERROR
+ * @return length needed for the locale.
+ * @stable ICU 3.2
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+uloc_acceptLanguage(char *result, int32_t resultAvailable, 
+                    UAcceptResult *outResult, const char **acceptList,
+                    int32_t acceptListCount,
+                    UEnumeration* availableLocales,
+                    UErrorCode *status);
+
+
+/**
+ * Gets the ICU locale ID for the specified Win32 LCID value.
+ *
+ * @param hostID the Win32 LCID to translate
+ * @param locale the output buffer for the ICU locale ID, which will be NUL-terminated
+ *  if there is room.
+ * @param localeCapacity the size of the output buffer
+ * @param status an error is returned if the LCID is unrecognized or the output buffer
+ *  is too small
+ * @return actual the actual size of the locale ID, not including NUL-termination 
+ * @stable ICU 3.8
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+uloc_getLocaleForLCID(uint32_t hostID, char *locale, int32_t localeCapacity,
+                    UErrorCode *status);
+
+
+/**
+ * Add the likely subtags for a provided locale ID, per the algorithm described
+ * in the following CLDR technical report:
+ *
+ *   http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr35/#Likely_Subtags
+ *
+ * If localeID is already in the maximal form, or there is no data available
+ * for maximization, it will be copied to the output buffer.  For example,
+ * "und-Zzzz" cannot be maximized, since there is no reasonable maximization.
+ *
+ * Examples:
+ *
+ * "en" maximizes to "en_Latn_US"
+ *
+ * "de" maximizes to "de_Latn_US"
+ *
+ * "sr" maximizes to "sr_Cyrl_RS"
+ *
+ * "sh" maximizes to "sr_Latn_RS" (Note this will not reverse.)
+ *
+ * "zh_Hani" maximizes to "zh_Hans_CN" (Note this will not reverse.)
+ *
+ * @param localeID The locale to maximize
+ * @param maximizedLocaleID The maximized locale
+ * @param maximizedLocaleIDCapacity The capacity of the maximizedLocaleID buffer
+ * @param err Error information if maximizing the locale failed.  If the length
+ * of the localeID and the null-terminator is greater than the maximum allowed size,
+ * or the localeId is not well-formed, the error code is U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR.
+ * @return The actual buffer size needed for the maximized locale.  If it's
+ * greater than maximizedLocaleIDCapacity, the returned ID will be truncated.
+ * On error, the return value is -1.
+ * @stable ICU 4.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+uloc_addLikelySubtags(const char*    localeID,
+         char* maximizedLocaleID,
+         int32_t maximizedLocaleIDCapacity,
+         UErrorCode* err);
+
+
+/**
+ * Minimize the subtags for a provided locale ID, per the algorithm described
+ * in the following CLDR technical report:
+ *
+ *   http://www.unicode.org/reports/tr35/#Likely_Subtags
+ *
+ * If localeID is already in the minimal form, or there is no data available
+ * for minimization, it will be copied to the output buffer.  Since the
+ * minimization algorithm relies on proper maximization, see the comments
+ * for uloc_addLikelySubtags for reasons why there might not be any data.
+ *
+ * Examples:
+ *
+ * "en_Latn_US" minimizes to "en"
+ *
+ * "de_Latn_US" minimizes to "de"
+ *
+ * "sr_Cyrl_RS" minimizes to "sr"
+ *
+ * "zh_Hant_TW" minimizes to "zh_TW" (The region is preferred to the
+ * script, and minimizing to "zh" would imply "zh_Hans_CN".)
+ *
+ * @param localeID The locale to minimize
+ * @param minimizedLocaleID The minimized locale
+ * @param minimizedLocaleIDCapacity The capacity of the minimizedLocaleID buffer
+ * @param err Error information if minimizing the locale failed.  If the length
+ * of the localeID and the null-terminator is greater than the maximum allowed size,
+ * or the localeId is not well-formed, the error code is U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR.
+ * @return The actual buffer size needed for the minimized locale.  If it's
+ * greater than minimizedLocaleIDCapacity, the returned ID will be truncated.
+ * On error, the return value is -1.
+ * @stable ICU 4.0
+ */
+U_STABLE int32_t U_EXPORT2
+uloc_minimizeSubtags(const char*    localeID,
+         char* minimizedLocaleID,
+         int32_t minimizedLocaleIDCapacity,
+         UErrorCode* err);
+
+/** 
+ * Returns a locale ID for the specified BCP47 language tag string.
+ * If the specified language tag contains any ill-formed subtags,
+ * the first such subtag and all following subtags are ignored.
+ * <p> 
+ * This implements the 'Language-Tag' production of BCP47, and so
+ * supports grandfathered (regular and irregular) as well as private
+ * use language tags.  Private use tags are represented as 'x-whatever',
+ * and grandfathered tags are converted to their canonical replacements
+ * where they exist.  Note that a few grandfathered tags have no modern
+ * replacement, these will be converted using the fallback described in
+ * the first paragraph, so some information might be lost.
+ * @param langtag   the input BCP47 language tag.
+ * @param localeID  the output buffer receiving a locale ID for the
+ *                  specified BCP47 language tag.
+ * @param localeIDCapacity  the size of the locale ID output buffer.
+ * @param parsedLength  if not NULL, succsessfully parsed length
+ *                      for the input language tag is set.
+ * @param err       error information if receiving the locald ID
+ *                  failed.
+ * @return          the length of the locale ID.
+ * @draft ICU 4.2
+ */
+U_DRAFT int32_t U_EXPORT2
+uloc_forLanguageTag(const char* langtag,
+                    char* localeID,
+                    int32_t localeIDCapacity,
+                    int32_t* parsedLength,
+                    UErrorCode* err);
+
+/** 
+ * Returns a well-formed language tag for this locale ID. 
+ * <p> 
+ * <b>Note</b>: When <code>strict</code> is FALSE, any locale
+ * fields which do not satisfy the BCP47 syntax requirement will
+ * be omitted from the result.  When <code>strict</code> is
+ * TRUE, this function sets U_ILLEGAL_ARGUMENT_ERROR to the
+ * <code>err</code> if any locale fields do not satisfy the
+ * BCP47 syntax requirement.
+ * @param localeID  the input lcoale ID
+ * @param langtag   the output buffer receiving BCP47 language
+ *                  tag for the locale ID.
+ * @param langtagCapacity   the size of the BCP47 language tag
+ *                          output buffer.
+ * @param strict    boolean value indicating if the function returns
+ *                  an error for an ill-formed input locale ID.
+ * @param err       error information if receiving the language
+ *                  tag failed.
+ * @return          The length of the BCP47 language tag.
+ * @draft ICU 4.2
+ */
+U_DRAFT int32_t U_EXPORT2
+uloc_toLanguageTag(const char* localeID,
+                   char* langtag,
+                   int32_t langtagCapacity,
+                   UBool strict,
+                   UErrorCode* err);
+
+#endif /*_ULOC*/