[Android] Introduce libheap_profiler for memory profiling.

tools/android/heap_profiler/heap_profiler_unittest.cc

Index: tools/android/heap_profiler/heap_profiler_unittest.cc
diff --git a/tools/android/heap_profiler/heap_profiler_unittest.cc b/tools/android/heap_profiler/heap_profiler_unittest.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4ec39c786a9e3cd9b477103437db46f5b23ca0b2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tools/android/heap_profiler/heap_profiler_unittest.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,465 @@
+// Copyright 2014 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <string.h>
+#include <map>
+
+#include "base/compiler_specific.h"
+#include "testing/gtest/include/gtest/gtest.h"
+#include "tools/android/heap_profiler/heap_profiler.h"
+
+
+namespace {
+
+class HeapProfilerTest : public testing::Test {
+ public:
+  virtual void SetUp() OVERRIDE {
+    heap_profiler_init(&stats_);
+  }
+
+  virtual void TearDown() OVERRIDE {
+    CheckVMAvsStacktaceConsistency();
+    heap_profiler_cleanup();
+  }
+
+ protected:
+  struct StackTrace {
+    uintptr_t frames[HEAP_PROFILER_MAX_DEPTH];
+    size_t depth;
+  };
+
+  StackTrace GenStackTrace(size_t depth, uintptr_t base) {
+    assert(depth <= HEAP_PROFILER_MAX_DEPTH);
+    StackTrace st;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i <  depth; ++i)
+      st.frames[i] = base + i * 0x10UL;
+    st.depth = depth;
+    return st;
+  }
+
+  void ExpectVMA(
+      uintptr_t start, uintptr_t end, const StackTrace& st, uint32_t flags) {
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < stats_.max_allocs; ++i) {
+      const VMA& vma = stats_.allocs[i];
+      if (vma.start != start || vma.end != end)
+        continue;
+      // Check that the stack trace match.
+      for (uint32_t j = 0; j < st.depth; ++j) {
+        EXPECT_EQ(st.frames[j], vma.st->frames[j]) <<
+           "Stacktrace not matching @ depth " << j;
+      }
+      EXPECT_EQ(flags, vma.flags);
+      return;
+    }
+
+    FAIL() << "Could not find VMA [" << std::hex << start << "," << end << "]";
+  }
+
+  void CheckVMAvsStacktaceConsistency() {
+    uint32_t allocs_seen = 0;
+    uint32_t stack_traces_seen = 0;
+    std::map<StacktraceEntry*, uintptr_t> stacktrace_bytes_seen_by_vma;
+
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < stats_.max_allocs; ++i) {
+      VMA* vma = &stats_.allocs[i];
+      if (vma->start == 0 && vma->end == 0)
+        continue;
+      ++allocs_seen;
+      stacktrace_bytes_seen_by_vma[vma->st] += vma->end - vma->start + 1;
+    }
+
+    for (uint32_t i = 0; i < stats_.max_stack_traces; ++i) {
+      StacktraceEntry* st = &stats_.stack_traces[i];
+      if (st->alloc_bytes == 0)
+        continue;
+      ++stack_traces_seen;
+      EXPECT_EQ(1, stacktrace_bytes_seen_by_vma.count(st));
+      EXPECT_EQ(stacktrace_bytes_seen_by_vma[st], st->alloc_bytes);
+    }
+
+    EXPECT_EQ(allocs_seen, stats_.num_allocs);
+    EXPECT_EQ(stack_traces_seen, stats_.num_stack_traces);
+  }
+
+  HeapStats stats_;
+};
+
+
+TEST_F(HeapProfilerTest, SimpleAlloc) {
+  StackTrace st1 = GenStackTrace(8, 0x0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x1000, 1024, st1.frames, st1.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x2000, 2048, st1.frames, st1.depth, 0);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, stats_.num_allocs);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, stats_.num_stack_traces);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1024 + 2048, stats_.total_alloc_bytes);
+  ExpectVMA(0x1000, 0x13ff, st1, 0);
+  ExpectVMA(0x2000, 0x27ff, st1, 0);
+}
+
+TEST_F(HeapProfilerTest, AllocMultipleStacks) {
+  StackTrace st1 = GenStackTrace(8, 0x0);
+  StackTrace st2 = GenStackTrace(4, 0x1000);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x1000, 1024, st1.frames, st1.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x2000, 2048, st2.frames, st2.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x3000, 32, st1.frames, st1.depth, 0);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, stats_.num_allocs);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, stats_.num_stack_traces);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1024 + 2048 + 32, stats_.total_alloc_bytes);
+  ExpectVMA(0x1000, 0x13ff, st1, 0);
+  ExpectVMA(0x2000, 0x27ff, st2, 0);
+  ExpectVMA(0x3000, 0x301f, st1, 0);
+}
+
+TEST_F(HeapProfilerTest, SimpleAllocAndFree) {
+  StackTrace st1 = GenStackTrace(8, 0x0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x1000, 1024, st1.frames, st1.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x1000, 1024, NULL);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.num_allocs);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.num_stack_traces);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.total_alloc_bytes);
+}
+
+TEST_F(HeapProfilerTest, Realloc) {
+  StackTrace st1 = GenStackTrace(8, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0, 32, st1.frames, st1.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0, 32, st1.frames, st1.depth, 0);
+}
+
+TEST_F(HeapProfilerTest, AllocAndFreeMultipleStacks) {
+  StackTrace st1 = GenStackTrace(8, 0x0);
+  StackTrace st2 = GenStackTrace(6, 0x1000);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x1000, 1024, st1.frames, st1.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x2000, 2048, st1.frames, st1.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x3000, 32, st2.frames, st2.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x4000, 64, st2.frames, st2.depth, 0);
+
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x1000, 1024, NULL);
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x3000, 32, NULL);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, stats_.num_allocs);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, stats_.num_stack_traces);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2048 + 64, stats_.total_alloc_bytes);
+  ExpectVMA(0x2000, 0x27ff, st1, 0);
+  ExpectVMA(0x4000, 0x403f, st2, 0);
+}
+
+TEST_F(HeapProfilerTest, AllocAndFreeAll) {
+  StackTrace st1 = GenStackTrace(8, 0x0);
+  StackTrace st2 = GenStackTrace(6, 0x1000);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x1000, 1024, st1.frames, st1.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x2000, 2048, st1.frames, st1.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x3000, 32, st2.frames, st2.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x4000, 64, st2.frames, st2.depth, 0);
+
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x1000, 1024, NULL);
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x2000, 2048, NULL);
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x3000, 32, NULL);
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x4000, 64, NULL);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.num_allocs);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.num_stack_traces);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.total_alloc_bytes);
+}
+
+TEST_F(HeapProfilerTest, AllocAndFreeWithZeroSize) {
+  StackTrace st1 = GenStackTrace(8, 0x0);
+  StackTrace st2 = GenStackTrace(6, 0x1000);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x1000, 1024, st1.frames, st1.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x2000, 2048, st2.frames, st2.depth, 0);
+
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x1000, 0, NULL);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, stats_.num_allocs);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, stats_.num_stack_traces);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2048, stats_.total_alloc_bytes);
+}
+
+TEST_F(HeapProfilerTest, AllocAndFreeContiguous) {
+  StackTrace st1 = GenStackTrace(8, 0x0);
+  StackTrace st2 = GenStackTrace(6, 0x1000);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x1000, 4096, st1.frames, st1.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x2000, 4096, st2.frames, st2.depth, 0);
+
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x1000, 8192, NULL);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.num_allocs);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.num_stack_traces);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.total_alloc_bytes);
+}
+
+TEST_F(HeapProfilerTest, SparseAllocsOneLargeOuterFree) {
+  StackTrace st1 = GenStackTrace(8, 0x0);
+  StackTrace st2 = GenStackTrace(6, 0x1000);
+
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x1010, 1, st1.frames, st1.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x1400, 2, st2.frames, st2.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x1600, 5, st1.frames, st1.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x9000, 4096, st2.frames, st2.depth, 0);
+
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x0800, 8192, NULL);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, stats_.num_allocs);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, stats_.num_stack_traces);
+  EXPECT_EQ(4096, stats_.total_alloc_bytes);
+  ExpectVMA(0x9000, 0x9fff, st2, 0);
+}
+
+TEST_F(HeapProfilerTest, SparseAllocsOneLargePartiallyOverlappingFree) {
+  StackTrace st1 = GenStackTrace(8, 0x0);
+  StackTrace st2 = GenStackTrace(6, 0x1000);
+  StackTrace st3 = GenStackTrace(4, 0x2000);
+
+  // This will be untouched.
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x1000, 1024, st1.frames, st1.depth, 0);
+
+  // These will be partially freed in one shot (% 64 a bytes "margin").
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x2000, 128, st2.frames, st2.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x2400, 128, st2.frames, st2.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x2f80, 128, st2.frames, st2.depth, 0);
+
+  // This will be untouched.
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x3000, 1024, st3.frames, st3.depth, 0);
+
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x2040, 4096 - 64 - 64, NULL);
+  EXPECT_EQ(4, stats_.num_allocs);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, stats_.num_stack_traces);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1024 + 64 + 64 + 1024, stats_.total_alloc_bytes);
+
+  ExpectVMA(0x1000, 0x13ff, st1, 0);
+  ExpectVMA(0x2000, 0x203f, st2, 0);
+  ExpectVMA(0x2fc0, 0x2fff, st2, 0);
+  ExpectVMA(0x3000, 0x33ff, st3, 0);
+}
+
+TEST_F(HeapProfilerTest, AllocAndFreeScattered) {
+  StackTrace st1 = GenStackTrace(8, 0x0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x1000, 4096, st1.frames, st1.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x2000, 4096, st1.frames, st1.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x3000, 4096, st1.frames, st1.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x4000, 4096, st1.frames, st1.depth, 0);
+
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x800, 4096, NULL);
+  EXPECT_EQ(4, stats_.num_allocs);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2048 + 4096 + 4096 + 4096, stats_.total_alloc_bytes);
+
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x1800, 4096, NULL);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, stats_.num_allocs);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2048 + 4096 + 4096, stats_.total_alloc_bytes);
+
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x2800, 4096, NULL);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, stats_.num_allocs);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2048 + 4096, stats_.total_alloc_bytes);
+
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x3800, 4096, NULL);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, stats_.num_allocs);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2048, stats_.total_alloc_bytes);
+
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x4800, 4096, NULL);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.num_allocs);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.num_stack_traces);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.total_alloc_bytes);
+}
+
+TEST_F(HeapProfilerTest, AllocAndOverFreeContiguous) {
+  StackTrace st1 = GenStackTrace(8, 0x0);
+  StackTrace st2 = GenStackTrace(6, 0x1000);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x1000, 4096, st1.frames, st1.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x2000, 4096, st2.frames, st2.depth, 0);
+
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0, 16834, NULL);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.num_allocs);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.num_stack_traces);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.total_alloc_bytes);
+}
+
+TEST_F(HeapProfilerTest, AllocContiguousAndPunchHole) {
+  StackTrace st1 = GenStackTrace(8, 0x0);
+  StackTrace st2 = GenStackTrace(6, 0x1000);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x1000, 4096, st1.frames, st1.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x2000, 4096, st2.frames, st2.depth, 0);
+
+  // Punch a 4k hole in the middle of the two contiguous 4k allocs.
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x1800, 4096, NULL);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, stats_.num_allocs);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, stats_.num_stack_traces);
+  EXPECT_EQ(4096, stats_.total_alloc_bytes);
+}
+
+TEST_F(HeapProfilerTest, AllocAndPartialFree) {
+  StackTrace st1 = GenStackTrace(8, 0x0);
+  StackTrace st2 = GenStackTrace(6, 0x1000);
+  StackTrace st3 = GenStackTrace(7, 0x2000);
+  StackTrace st4 = GenStackTrace(9, 0x3000);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x1000, 1024, st1.frames, st1.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x2000, 1024, st2.frames, st2.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x3000, 1024, st3.frames, st3.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x4000, 1024, st4.frames, st4.depth, 0);
+
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x1000, 128, NULL);  // Shrink left by 128B.
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x2380, 128, NULL);  // Shrink right by 128B.
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x3100, 512, NULL);  // 512B hole in the middle.
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x4000, 512, NULL);  // Free up the 4th vma...
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x4200, 512, NULL);  // ...but do it in two halves.
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(4, stats_.num_allocs);  // 1 + 2 + two sides around the hole 3.
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, stats_.num_stack_traces);  // st4 should be gone.
+  EXPECT_EQ(896 + 896 + 512, stats_.total_alloc_bytes);
+}
+
+TEST_F(HeapProfilerTest, RandomIndividualAllocAndFrees) {
+  static const size_t NUM_ST = 128;
+  static const size_t NUM_OPS = 1000;
+
+  StackTrace st[NUM_ST];
+  for (uint32_t i = 0; i < NUM_ST; ++i)
+    st[i] = GenStackTrace((i % 10) + 2, i * 128);
+
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < NUM_OPS; ++i) {
+    uintptr_t start = ((i + 7) << 8) & (0xffffff);
+    size_t size = (start >> 16) & 0x0fff;
+    if (i & 1) {
+      StackTrace* s = &st[start % NUM_ST];
+      heap_profiler_alloc((void*) start, size, s->frames, s->depth, 0);
+    } else {
+      heap_profiler_free((void*) start, size, NULL);
+    }
+    CheckVMAvsStacktaceConsistency();
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_F(HeapProfilerTest, RandomAllocAndFreesBatches) {
+  static const size_t NUM_ST = 128;
+  static const size_t NUM_ALLOCS = 100;
+
+  StackTrace st[NUM_ST];
+  for (size_t i = 0; i < NUM_ST; ++i)
+    st[i] = GenStackTrace((i % 10) + 2, i * NUM_ST);
+
+  for (int repeat = 0; repeat < 5; ++repeat) {
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < NUM_ALLOCS; ++i) {
+      StackTrace* s = &st[i % NUM_ST];
+      heap_profiler_alloc(
+          (void*) (i * 4096), ((i + 1) * 32) % 4097, s->frames, s->depth, 0);
+      CheckVMAvsStacktaceConsistency();
+    }
+
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < NUM_ALLOCS; ++i) {
+      heap_profiler_free((void*) (i * 1024), ((i + 1) * 64) % 16000, NULL);
+      CheckVMAvsStacktaceConsistency();
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+TEST_F(HeapProfilerTest, UnwindStackTooLargeShouldSaturate) {
+  StackTrace st1 = GenStackTrace(HEAP_PROFILER_MAX_DEPTH, 0x0);
+  uintptr_t many_frames[100] = {};
+  memcpy(many_frames, st1.frames, sizeof(uintptr_t) * st1.depth);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x1000, 1024, many_frames, 100, 0);
+  ExpectVMA(0x1000, 0x13ff, st1, 0);
+}
+
+TEST_F(HeapProfilerTest, NoUnwindShouldNotCrashButNoop) {
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x1000, 1024, NULL, 0, 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.num_allocs);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.num_stack_traces);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.total_alloc_bytes);
+}
+
+TEST_F(HeapProfilerTest, FreeNonExisting) {
+  StackTrace st1 = GenStackTrace(5, 0x0);
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x1000, 1024, NULL);
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x1400, 1024, NULL);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.num_allocs);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.num_stack_traces);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.total_alloc_bytes);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x1000, 1024, st1.frames, st1.depth, 0);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, stats_.num_allocs);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1024, stats_.total_alloc_bytes);
+}
+
+TEST_F(HeapProfilerTest, FlagsConsistency) {
+  StackTrace st1 = GenStackTrace(8, 0x0);
+  uint32_t flags = 0;
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x1000, 4096, st1.frames, st1.depth, 42);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x2000, 4096, st1.frames, st1.depth, 142);
+
+  ExpectVMA(0x1000, 0x1fff, st1, 42);
+  ExpectVMA(0x2000, 0x2fff, st1, 142);
+
+  // Punch a 4k hole in the middle of the two contiguous 4k allocs.
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x1800, 4096, NULL);
+
+  ExpectVMA(0x1000, 0x17ff, st1, 42);
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x1000, 2048, &flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(42, flags);
+
+  ExpectVMA(0x2800, 0x2fff, st1, 142);
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x2800, 2048, &flags);
+  EXPECT_EQ(142, flags);
+}
+
+TEST_F(HeapProfilerTest, BeConsistentOnOOM) {
+  static const size_t NUM_ALLOCS = 512 * 1024;
+  uintptr_t frames[1];
+
+  for (uintptr_t i = 0; i < NUM_ALLOCS; ++i) {
+    frames[0] = i;
+    heap_profiler_alloc((void*) (i * 32), 32, frames, 1, 0);
+  }
+
+  CheckVMAvsStacktaceConsistency();
+  // Check that we're saturating, otherwise this entire test is pointless.
+  EXPECT_LT(stats_.num_allocs, NUM_ALLOCS);
+  EXPECT_LT(stats_.num_stack_traces, NUM_ALLOCS);
+
+  for (uintptr_t i = 0; i < NUM_ALLOCS; ++i)
+    heap_profiler_free((void*) (i * 32), 32, NULL);
+
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.num_allocs);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.total_alloc_bytes);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.num_stack_traces);
+}
+
+#ifdef __LP64__
+TEST_F(HeapProfilerTest, Test64Bit) {
+  StackTrace st1 = GenStackTrace(8, 0x0);
+  StackTrace st2 = GenStackTrace(10, 0x7fffffff70000000LL);
+  StackTrace st3 = GenStackTrace(10, 0xffffffff70000000LL);
+  heap_profiler_alloc((void*) 0x1000, 4096, st1.frames, st1.depth, 0);
+  heap_profiler_alloc(
+      (void*) 0x7ffffffffffff000LL, 4096, st2.frames, st2.depth);
+  heap_profiler_alloc(
+      (void*) 0xfffffffffffff000LL, 4096, st3.frames, st3.depth);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, stats_.num_allocs);
+  EXPECT_EQ(3, stats_.num_stack_traces);
+  EXPECT_EQ(4096 + 4096 + 4096, stats_.total_alloc_bytes);
+
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x1000, 4096, NULL);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, stats_.num_allocs);
+  EXPECT_EQ(2, stats_.num_stack_traces);
+  EXPECT_EQ(4096 + 4096, stats_.total_alloc_bytes);
+
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0x7ffffffffffff000LL, 4096, NULL);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, stats_.num_allocs);
+  EXPECT_EQ(1, stats_.num_stack_traces);
+  EXPECT_EQ(4096, stats_.total_alloc_bytes);
+
+  heap_profiler_free((void*) 0xfffffffffffff000LL, 4096, NULL);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.num_allocs);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.num_stack_traces);
+  EXPECT_EQ(0, stats_.total_alloc_bytes);
+}
+#endif
+
+}  // namespace
+
+int main(int argc, char** argv) {
+  testing::InitGoogleTest(&argc, argv);
+  return RUN_ALL_TESTS();
+}