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packages/meta/lib/meta.dart

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+// Copyright (c) 2016, the Dart project authors.  Please see the AUTHORS file
+// for details. All rights reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a
+// BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+/// Constants for use in metadata annotations.
+///
+/// See also `@deprecated` and `@override` in the `dart:core` library.
+///
+/// Annotations provide semantic information that tools can use to provide a
+/// better user experience. For example, an IDE might not autocomplete the name
+/// of a function that's been marked `@deprecated`, or it might display the
+/// function's name differently.
+///
+/// For information on installing and importing this library, see the
+/// [meta package on pub.dartlang.org] (http://pub.dartlang.org/packages/meta).
+/// For examples of using annotations, see
+/// [Metadata](https://www.dartlang.org/docs/dart-up-and-running/ch02.html#metadata)
+/// in the language tour.
+library meta;
+
+/// Used to annotate a function `f`. Indicates that `f` always throws an
+/// exception. Any functions that override `f`, in class inheritence, are also
+/// expected to conform to this contract.
+///
+/// Tools, such as the analyzer, can use this to understand whether a block of
+/// code "exits". For example:
+///
+/// ```dart
+/// @alwaysThrows toss() { throw 'Thrown'; }
+///
+/// int fn(bool b) {
+///   if (b) {
+///     return 0;
+///   } else {
+///     toss();
+///     print("Hello.");
+///   }
+/// }
+/// ```
+///
+/// Without the annotation on `toss`, it would look as though `fn` doesn't
+/// always return a value. The annotation shows that `fn` does always exit. In
+/// addition, the annotation reveals that any statements following a call to
+/// `toss` (like the `print` call) are dead code.
+///
+/// Tools, such as the analyzer, can also expect this contract to be enforced;
+/// that is, tools may emit warnings if a function with this annotation
+/// _doesn't_ always throw.
+const _AlwaysThrows alwaysThrows = const _AlwaysThrows();
+
+/// Used to annotate a parameter of an instance method that overrides another
+/// method.
+///
+/// Indicates that this parameter may have a tighter type than the parameter on
+/// its superclass. The actual argument will be checked at runtime to ensure it
+/// is a subtype of the overridden parameter type.
+const _Checked checked = const _Checked();
+
+/// Used to annotate a library, or any declaration that is part of the public
+/// interface of a library (such as top-level members, class members, and
+/// function parameters) to indicate that the annotated API is experimental and
+/// may be removed or changed at any-time without updating the version of the
+/// containing package, despite the fact that it would otherwise be a breaking
+/// change.
+///
+/// If the annotation is applied to a library then it is equivalent to applying
+/// the annotation to all of the top-level members of the library. Applying the
+/// annotation to a class does *not* apply the annotation to subclasses, but
+/// does apply the annotation to members of the class.
+///
+/// Tools, such as the analyzer, can provide feedback if
+///
+/// * the annotation is associated with a declaration that is not part of the
+///   public interface of a library (such as a local variable or a declaration
+///   that is private) or a directive other than the first directive in the
+///   library, or
+/// * the declaration is referenced by a package that has not explicitly
+///   indicated its intention to use experimental APIs (details TBD).
+const _Experimental experimental = const _Experimental();
+
+/// Used to annotate an instance or static method `m`. Indicates that `m` must
+/// either be abstract or must return a newly allocated object or `null`. In
+/// addition, every method that either implements or overrides `m` is implicitly
+/// annotated with this same annotation.
+///
+/// Tools, such as the analyzer, can provide feedback if
+///
+/// * the annotation is associated with anything other than a method, or
+/// * the annotation is associated with a method that has this annotation that
+///   can return anything other than a newly allocated object or `null`.
+const _Factory factory = const _Factory();
+
+/// Used to annotate a class `C`. Indicates that `C` and all subtypes of `C`
+/// must be immutable.
+///
+/// A class is immutable if all of the instance fields of the class, whether
+/// defined directly or inherited, are `final`.
+///
+/// Tools, such as the analyzer, can provide feedback if
+/// * the annotation is associated with anything other than a class, or
+/// * a class that has this annotation or extends, implements or mixes in a
+///   class that has this annotation is not immutable.
+const Immutable immutable = const Immutable();
+
+/// Used to annotate a const constructor `c`. Indicates that any invocation of
+/// the constructor must use the keyword `const` unless one or more of the
+/// arguments to the constructor is not a compile-time constant.
+///
+/// Tools, such as the analyzer, can provide feedback if
+///
+/// * the annotation is associated with anything other than a const constructor,
+///   or
+/// * an invocation of a constructor that has this annotation is not invoked
+///   using the `const` keyword unless one or more of the arguments to the
+///   constructor is not a compile-time constant.
+const _Literal literal = const _Literal();
+
+/// Used to annotate an instance method `m`. Indicates that every invocation of
+/// a method that overrides `m` must also invoke `m`. In addition, every method
+/// that overrides `m` is implicitly annotated with this same annotation.
+///
+/// Note that private methods with this annotation cannot be validly overridden
+/// outside of the library that defines the annotated method.
+///
+/// Tools, such as the analyzer, can provide feedback if
+///
+/// * the annotation is associated with anything other than an instance method,
+///   or
+/// * a method that overrides a method that has this annotation can return
+///   without invoking the overridden method.
+const _MustCallSuper mustCallSuper = const _MustCallSuper();
+
+/// Used to annotate a class declaration `C`. Indicates that any type arguments
+/// declared on `C` are to be treated as optional.  Tools such as the analyzer
+/// and linter can use this information to suppress warnings that would
+/// otherwise require type arguments to be provided for instances of `C`.
+const _OptionalTypeArgs optionalTypeArgs = const _OptionalTypeArgs();
+
+/// Used to annotate an instance member (method, getter, setter, operator, or
+/// field) `m` in a class `C`. If the annotation is on a field it applies to the
+/// getter, and setter if appropriate, that are induced by the field. Indicates
+/// that `m` should only be invoked from instance methods of `C` or classes that
+/// extend, implement or mix in `C`, either directly or indirectly. Additionally
+/// indicates that `m` should only be invoked on `this`, whether explicitly or
+/// implicitly.
+///
+/// Tools, such as the analyzer, can provide feedback if
+///
+/// * the annotation is associated with anything other than an instance member,
+///   or
+/// * an invocation of a member that has this annotation is used outside of an
+///   instance member defined on a class that extends or mixes in the class in
+///   which the protected member is defined, or that uses a receiver other than
+///   `this`.
+const _Protected protected = const _Protected();
+
+/// Used to annotate a named parameter `p` in a method or function `f`.
+/// Indicates that every invocation of `f` must include an argument
+/// corresponding to `p`, despite the fact that `p` would otherwise be an
+/// optional parameter.
+///
+/// Tools, such as the analyzer, can provide feedback if
+///
+/// * the annotation is associated with anything other than a named parameter,
+/// * the annotation is associated with a named parameter in a method `m1` that
+///   overrides a method `m0` and `m0` defines a named parameter with the same
+///   name that does not have this annotation, or
+/// * an invocation of a method or function does not include an argument
+///   corresponding to a named parameter that has this annotation.
+const Required required = const Required();
+
+/// Used to annotate a field that is allowed to be overridden in Strong Mode.
+const _Virtual virtual = const _Virtual();
+
+/// Used to annotate an instance member that was made public so that it could be
+/// overridden but that is not intended to be referenced from outside the
+/// defining library.
+///
+/// Tools, such as the analyzer, can provide feedback if
+///
+/// * the annotation is associated with a declaration other than a public
+///   instance member in a class, or
+/// * the member is referenced outside of the defining library.
+const _VisibleForOverriding visibleForOverriding =
+    const _VisibleForOverriding();
+
+/// Used to annotate a declaration was made public, so that it is more visible
+/// than otherwise necessary, to make code testable.
+///
+/// Tools, such as the analyzer, can provide feedback if
+///
+/// * the annotation is associated with a declaration not in the `lib` folder
+///   of a package, or
+/// * the declaration is referenced outside of its the defining library or a
+///   library which is in the `test` folder of the defining package.
+const _VisibleForTesting visibleForTesting = const _VisibleForTesting();
+
+/// Used to annotate a class.
+///
+/// See [immutable] for more details.
+class Immutable {
+  /// A human-readable explanation of the reason why the class is immutable.
+  final String reason;
+
+  /// Initialize a newly created instance to have the given [reason].
+  const Immutable([this.reason]);
+}
+
+/// Used to annotate a named parameter `p` in a method or function `f`.
+///
+/// See [required] for more details.
+class Required {
+  /// A human-readable explanation of the reason why the annotated parameter is
+  /// required. For example, the annotation might look like:
+  ///
+  ///     ButtonWidget({
+  ///         Function onHover,
+  ///         @Required('Buttons must do something when pressed')
+  ///         Function onPressed,
+  ///         ...
+  ///     }) ...
+  final String reason;
+
+  /// Initialize a newly created instance to have the given [reason].
+  const Required([this.reason]);
+}
+
+class _AlwaysThrows {
+  const _AlwaysThrows();
+}
+
+class _Checked {
+  const _Checked();
+}
+
+class _Experimental {
+  const _Experimental();
+}
+
+class _Factory {
+  const _Factory();
+}
+
+class _Literal {
+  const _Literal();
+}
+
+class _MustCallSuper {
+  const _MustCallSuper();
+}
+
+class _OptionalTypeArgs {
+  const _OptionalTypeArgs();
+}
+
+class _Protected {
+  const _Protected();
+}
+
+class _Virtual {
+  const _Virtual();
+}
+
+class _VisibleForOverriding {
+  const _VisibleForOverriding();
+}
+
+class _VisibleForTesting {
+  const _VisibleForTesting();
+}