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3 <section id="dynamic-linking-and-loading-with-glibc"> | 3 <section id="dynamic-linking-and-loading-with-glibc"> |
4 <h1 id="dynamic-linking-and-loading-with-glibc">Dynamic Linking and Loading with
glibc</h1> | 4 <h1 id="dynamic-linking-and-loading-with-glibc">Dynamic Linking and Loading with
glibc</h1> |
5 <div class="contents local" id="contents" style="display: none"> | 5 <div class="contents local" id="contents" style="display: none"> |
6 <ul class="small-gap"> | 6 <ul class="small-gap"> |
7 <li><p class="first"><a class="reference internal" href="#introduction" id="id1"
>Introduction</a></p> | 7 <li><p class="first"><a class="reference internal" href="#introduction" id="id1"
>Introduction</a></p> |
8 <ul class="small-gap"> | 8 <ul class="small-gap"> |
9 <li><a class="reference internal" href="#c-standard-libraries-glibc-and-newlib"
id="id2">C standard libraries: glibc and newlib</a></li> | 9 <li><a class="reference internal" href="#c-standard-libraries-glibc-and-newlib"
id="id2">C standard libraries: glibc and newlib</a></li> |
10 <li><a class="reference internal" href="#sdk-toolchains" id="id3">SDK toolchains
</a></li> | 10 <li><a class="reference internal" href="#sdk-toolchains" id="id3">SDK toolchains
</a></li> |
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311 <code>create_nmf</code>. | 311 <code>create_nmf</code>. |
312 </aside> | 312 </aside> |
313 <p>As an alternative to using <code>create_nmf</code>, it is possible to manuall
y calculate | 313 <p>As an alternative to using <code>create_nmf</code>, it is possible to manuall
y calculate |
314 the list of shared library dependencies using tools such as <code>objdump_</code
>.</p> | 314 the list of shared library dependencies using tools such as <code>objdump_</code
>.</p> |
315 </section><section id="deploying-a-dynamically-linked-application"> | 315 </section><section id="deploying-a-dynamically-linked-application"> |
316 <h2 id="deploying-a-dynamically-linked-application">Deploying a dynamically link
ed application</h2> | 316 <h2 id="deploying-a-dynamically-linked-application">Deploying a dynamically link
ed application</h2> |
317 <p>As described above, an application’s manifest file must explicitly list
all the | 317 <p>As described above, an application’s manifest file must explicitly list
all the |
318 executable code modules that the application directly depends on, including | 318 executable code modules that the application directly depends on, including |
319 modules from the application itself (.nexe and .so files), modules from the | 319 modules from the application itself (.nexe and .so files), modules from the |
320 Native Client SDK (e.g., libppapi_cpp.so), and perhaps also modules from | 320 Native Client SDK (e.g., libppapi_cpp.so), and perhaps also modules from |
321 <a class="reference external" href="naclports_">naclport</a> or from <a class="r
eference internal" href="/native-client/community/middleware.html"><em>middlewar
e systems</em></a> that | 321 <a class="reference external" href="naclports_">naclport</a> or from <a class="r
eference external" href="../../community/middleware">middleware systems</a> that |
322 the application uses. You must provide all of those modules as part of the | 322 the application uses. You must provide all of those modules as part of the |
323 application deployment process.</p> | 323 application deployment process.</p> |
324 <p>As explained in <a class="reference internal" href="/native-client/devguide/d
istributing.html"><em>Distributing Your Application</em></a>, there are two basi
c ways to deploy an application:</p> | 324 <p>As explained in <a class="reference internal" href="/native-client/devguide/d
istributing.html"><em>Distributing Your Application</em></a>, there are two basi
c ways to deploy an application:</p> |
325 <ul class="small-gap"> | 325 <ul class="small-gap"> |
326 <li><strong>hosted application:</strong> all modules are hosted together on a we
b server of | 326 <li><strong>hosted application:</strong> all modules are hosted together on a we
b server of |
327 your choice</li> | 327 your choice</li> |
328 <li><strong>packaged application:</strong> all modules are packaged into one fil
e, hosted in | 328 <li><strong>packaged application:</strong> all modules are packaged into one fil
e, hosted in |
329 the Chrome Web Store, and downloaded to the user’s machine</li> | 329 the Chrome Web Store, and downloaded to the user’s machine</li> |
330 </ul> | 330 </ul> |
331 <p>You must deploy all the modules listed in your application’s manifest f
ile for | 331 <p>You must deploy all the modules listed in your application’s manifest f
ile for |
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414 in the .nmf file – either the files are the wrong type or kind, or an | 414 in the .nmf file – either the files are the wrong type or kind, or an |
415 expected library is missing.</dd> | 415 expected library is missing.</dd> |
416 <dt><strong>undefined reference to ‘dlopen’ collect2: ld returned 1
exit status</strong></dt> | 416 <dt><strong>undefined reference to ‘dlopen’ collect2: ld returned 1
exit status</strong></dt> |
417 <dd>This is a linker ordering problem that usually results from improper orderin
g | 417 <dd>This is a linker ordering problem that usually results from improper orderin
g |
418 of command line flags when linking. Reconfigure your command line string to | 418 of command line flags when linking. Reconfigure your command line string to |
419 list libraries after the -o flag.</dd> | 419 list libraries after the -o flag.</dd> |
420 </dl> | 420 </dl> |
421 </section></section> | 421 </section></section> |
422 | 422 |
423 {{/partials.standard_nacl_article}} | 423 {{/partials.standard_nacl_article}} |
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