Rewrite mixin application handling in Fasta.

docs/language/dartLangSpec.tex

 \documentclass{article}
 \usepackage{epsfig}
 \usepackage{color}
 \usepackage{dart}
 \usepackage{bnf}
 \usepackage{hyperref}
 \usepackage{lmodern}
 \usepackage[T1]{fontenc}
 \newcommand{\code}[1]{{\sf #1}}
 \title{Dart Programming Language  Specification  \\
@@ skipping 3576 matching lines @@
 
 \LMHash{}
 If $T$ is a parameterized type, it is a compile-time error if $T$ includes a type variable among its type arguments.
 
 \LMHash{}
 If $e$ is of the form \CONST{} $T.id(a_1, \ldots , a_n, x_{n+1}: a_{n+1}, \ldots , x_{n+k}: a_{n+k})$ it is a compile-time error if $T.id$ is not the name of a constant constructor declared by the type $T$. If $e$ is of the form  \CONST{} $T(a_1, \ldots , a_n, x_{n+1}: a_{n+1}, \ldots , x_{n+k}: a_{n+k})$ it is a compile-time error if the type $T$ does not declare a constant constructor with the same name as the declaration of $T$.
 
 \LMHash{}
 In all of the above cases, it is a compile-time error if $a_i,  i\in 1 .. n + k$, is not a compile-time constant expression.
 
-%If $T$ is a parameterized type (\ref{parameterizedTypes}) $S<U_1,  \ldots, U_m>$, let $R = S$.  It is a compile-time error if $T$ is is malformed. If $T$ is not a parameterized type, let $R = T$.
+%If $T$ is a parameterized type (\ref{parameterizedTypes}) $S<U_1,  \ldots, U_m>$, let $R = S$.  It is a compile-time error if $T$ is malformed. If $T$ is not a parameterized type, let $R = T$.
  %Finally,
 % If $T$ is a generic with $l$ retype parameters, then for all $ i \in 1 .. l$, let $V_i =  \DYNAMIC{}$.
 
 \LMHash{}
 Evaluation of $e$ proceeds as follows:
 
 \LMHash{}
 First, if $e$ is of the form
 
 \CONST{} $T.id(a_1, \ldots , a_n, x_{n+1}: a_{n+1}, \ldots , x_{n+k}: a_{n+k})$
@@ skipping 296 matching lines @@
 
 $e_f(a_1, \ldots , a_n, x_{n+1}: a_{n+1}, \ldots , x_{n+k}: a_{n+k})$,
 
 where $e_f$ is an expression. If $e_f$ is an identifier $id$, then $id$ must necessarily denote a local function, a library function, a library or static getter or a variable as described above, or $i$ is not considered a function expression invocation.
 If $e_f$ is a type literal, then it is equivalent to the expression $(e_f)$.
 
 \commentary{
 The expression $(e_f)$ where $e_f$ is a type literal always evaluates to an instance of class \code{Type} which is not a function. This ensures that a runtime error occurs when trying to call a type literal.
 }
 
-If $e_f$ is a property extraction expression (\ref{propertyExtraction}), then $i$ is is not a function expression invocation and is instead recognized as an ordinary method invocation (\ref{ordinaryInvocation}).
+If $e_f$ is a property extraction expression (\ref{propertyExtraction}), then $i$ isn't a function expression invocation and is instead recognized as an ordinary method invocation (\ref{ordinaryInvocation}).
 
 \commentary{
 \code{$a.b(x)$} is parsed as a method invocation of method \code{$b()$} on object \code{$a$}, not as an invocation of getter \code{$b$} on \code{$a$} followed by a function call \code{$(a.b)(x)$}.  If a method or getter \code{$b$} exists, the two will be equivalent. However, if \code{$b$} is not defined on \code{$a$}, the resulting invocation of \code{noSuchMethod()} would differ.  The \code{Invocation} passed to \code{noSuchMethod()} would describe a call to a method \code{$b$} with argument \code{$x$} in the former case, and a call to a getter \code{$b$} (with no arguments) in the latter.
 }
 
 \LMHash{}
 Otherwise:
 
 A function expression invocation $e_f(a_1, \ldots , a_n, x_{n+1}: a_{n+1}, \ldots , x_{n+k}: a_{n+k})$ is equivalent to $e_f.call(a_1, \ldots , a_n, x_{n+1}: a_{n+1}, \ldots , x_{n+k}: a_{n+k})$.
 
@@ skipping 2954 matching lines @@
 An import directive $I$ may optionally include a namespace combinator clauses used to restrict the set of names imported by $I$. Currently, two namespace combinators are supported: \HIDE{} and \SHOW{}.
 
 \LMHash{}
 Let $I$ be an import directive that refers to a URI via the string $s_1$. Evaluation of $I$  proceeds as follows:
 
 \LMHash{}
 If $I$ is a deferred import, no evaluation takes place. Instead, a mapping of the name of the prefix, $p$ to a {\em deferred prefix object} is added to the scope of the current library $L$.
 The deferred prefix object has the following methods:
 
 \begin{itemize}
-\item \code{loadLibrary}. This method returns a future $f$. When called, the method causes an immediate import $I'$ to be executed at some future time, where $I'$ is is derived from $I$ by eliding the word \DEFERRED{} and adding a \HIDE{} \code{loadLibrary}  combinator clause. When $I'$ executes without error, $f$ completes successfully. If $I'$ executes without error, we say that the call to \code{loadLibrary} has succeeded, otherwise we say the call has failed.
+\item \code{loadLibrary}. This method returns a future $f$. When called, the method causes an immediate import $I'$ to be executed at some future time, where $I'$ is derived from $I$ by eliding the word \DEFERRED{} and adding a \HIDE{} \code{loadLibrary}  combinator clause. When $I'$ executes without error, $f$ completes successfully. If $I'$ executes without error, we say that the call to \code{loadLibrary} has succeeded, otherwise we say the call has failed.
 \item  For every top level function $f$ named $id$ in the imported library $B$, a corresponding method named $id$ with the same signature as $f$. Calling the method results in a runtime error.
 \item For every top level getter $g$ named $id$ in $B$, a corresponding getter named $id$ with the same signature as $g$.  Calling the method results in a runtime error.
 \item For every top level setter $s$ named $id$ in $B$, a corresponding setter named $id$ with the same signature as $s$.  Calling the method results in a runtime error.
 \item For every type $T$ named $id$ in $B$, a corresponding getter named $id$ with return type \code{Type}.  Calling the method results in a runtime error.
 \end{itemize}
 
 \rationale {
 The purpose of adding members of $B$ to $p$ is to ensure that any warnings  issued when using $p$ are correct, and no spurious warnings are generated.  In fact, at runtime we cannot add these members until $B$ is loaded; but any such invocations will fail at runtime as specified by virtue of being completely absent.
 }
 %But this is still a lie detectable by reflection. Probably revise so the type of p has these members but p does not.
@@ skipping 534 matching lines @@
        functionPrefix  typeParameters? formalParameterList `{\escapegrammar ;}'
     .
 
     {\bf functionPrefix:}
     returnType? identifier
     .
 
  \end{grammar}
 
 \LMHash{}
- The effect of a type alias of the form  \code{\TYPEDEF{} $T$ $id (T_1$ $p_1, \ldots, T_n$ $p_n, [T_{n+1}$ $p_{n+1}, \ldots, T_{n+k}$ $p_{n+k}])$} declared in a library $L$ is is to introduce the name $id$ into the scope of $L$, bound to the function type $(T_1, \ldots, T_n, [T_{n+1}$ $p_{n+1}, \ldots, T_{n+k}$ $p_{n+k}])  \rightarrow T$.  The effect of a type alias of the form   \code{\TYPEDEF{} $T$ $id (T_1$ $p_1, \ldots, T_n$ $p_n, \{T_{n+1}$ $p_{n+1}, \ldots, T_{n+k}$ $p_{n+k}\})$} declared in a library $L$ is is to introduce the name $id$ into the scope of $L$, bound to the function type $(T_1, \ldots, T_n, \{T_{n+1}$ $p_{n+1}, \ldots, T_{n+k}$ $p_{n+k}\})  \rightarrow T$. . In either case, iff no return type is specified, it is taken to be \DYNAMIC{}. Likewise, if a type annotation is omitted on a formal parameter, it is taken to be \DYNAMIC{}.
+ The effect of a type alias of the form  \code{\TYPEDEF{} $T$ $id (T_1$ $p_1, \ldots, T_n$ $p_n, [T_{n+1}$ $p_{n+1}, \ldots, T_{n+k}$ $p_{n+k}])$} declared in a library $L$ is to introduce the name $id$ into the scope of $L$, bound to the function type $(T_1, \ldots, T_n, [T_{n+1}$ $p_{n+1}, \ldots, T_{n+k}$ $p_{n+k}])  \rightarrow T$.
+The effect of a type alias of the form   \code{\TYPEDEF{} $T$ $id (T_1$ $p_1, \ldots, T_n$ $p_n, \{T_{n+1}$ $p_{n+1}, \ldots, T_{n+k}$ $p_{n+k}\})$} declared in a library $L$ is to introduce the name $id$ into the scope of $L$, bound to the function type $(T_1, \ldots, T_n, \{T_{n+1}$ $p_{n+1}, \ldots, T_{n+k}$ $p_{n+k}\})  \rightarrow T$.
+In either case, iff no return type is specified, it is taken to be \DYNAMIC{}. Likewise, if a type annotation is omitted on a formal parameter, it is taken to be \DYNAMIC{}.
 
 \LMHash{}
 It is a compile-time error if any default values are specified in the signature of a function type alias.
 %A typedef may only refer to itself  via the bounds of its generic parameters.
 Any  self reference in a typedef, either directly, or recursively via another typedef, is a compile time error.
 %via a chain of references that does not include a class declaration.
 
 
 
 \subsection{Interface Types}
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 The invariant that each normative paragraph is associated with a line
 containing the text \LMHash{} should be maintained.  Extra occurrences
 of \LMHash{} can be added if needed, e.g., in order to make
 individual \item{}s in itemized lists addressable.  Each \LM.. command
 must occur on a separate line.  \LMHash{} must occur immediately
 before the associated paragraph, and \LMLabel must occur immediately
 after the associated \section{}, \subsection{} etc.
 
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