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-# Audio Focus Handling |
- |
-A MediaSession collects all audio-producing objects in one tab. It is usually |
-unpleasant when multiple MediaSessions play sound at the same time. Audio focus |
-handling manages the MediaSessions and mixes them in proper ways. This is part |
-of the default media session on desktop project. |
- |
-[TOC] |
- |
-## Processing model |
- |
-### Audio focus types |
- |
-There are "persistent" and "transient" audio focus types. |
- |
-* Persistent audios are used for long media playback, and they should not mix |
- with each other. When they start to play, they should pause all other |
- playbacks. |
-* Transient audios are used for short media playback such as a ping for incoming |
- message. When they start to play, they should play on top of other playbacks |
- and the other playbacks should duck (have reduced volume). |
- |
-### `MediaSession` |
- |
-Audio-producing objects should join `MediaSession` when they want to produce |
-sound. `MediaSession` has the following states: |
- |
-* ACTIVE: the `MediaSession` has audio focus and its audio-producing objects can |
- play. |
-* SUSPENDED: the MediaSession does not have audio focus. All audio-producing |
- objects are paused and can be resumed when the session gains audio focus. |
-* INACTIVE: the MediaSession does not have audio focus, and there is no |
- audio-producing objects in this `MediaSession`. |
- |
-Besides, `MediaSession` has a `DUCKING` flag, which means its managed |
-audio-producing objects has lowered volume. The flag is orthogonal with |
-`MediaSession` state. |
- |
-### `AudioFocusManager` |
- |
-`AudioFocusManager` is a global instance which manages the state of |
-`MediaSession`s. It is used for platforms (e.g. Android) that do not have a |
-system audio focus. |
- |
-When an audio-producing object wants to play audio, it should join `MediaSession` |
-and tell which kind of audio focus type it requires. `MediaSession` will then |
-request audio focus from `AudioFocusManager`, and will allow the object to play |
-sound if successful. `AudioFocusManager` will notify other `MediaSession`s if |
-their states are changed. |
- |
-When an audio-producing object stops playing audio, it should be removed from |
-its `MediaSession`, and `MediaSession` should abandon its audio focus if its |
-audio-producing objects is empty. `AudioFocusManager` will notify other |
-`MediaSession`s of state change if necessary. |
- |
-## The algorithm for handling audio focus |
- |
-`AudioFocusManager` uses a stack implementation. It keeps track of all |
-ACTIVE/SUSPENDED `MediaSession`s. When a `MediaSession` requests audio focus, it |
-will be put at the top of the stack, and will be removed from the stack when it |
-abandons audio focus. |
- |
-The algorithm is as follows: |
- |
-* When a `MediaSession` requests audio focus: |
- |
- * Remove it from the audio focus stack if it's already there, and place it at |
- the top of audio focus stack, grant focus to the session and let it play. |
- * If the session is persistent, suspend all the other sessions on the stack. |
- * If the session is transient, we should duck any active persistent audio |
- focus entry if present: |
- |
- * If the next top entry is transient, do nothing, since if there is any |
- persistent session that is active, it is already ducking. |
- * If the next top entry is persistent, let the next top entry start ducking, |
- since it is the only active persistent session. |
- |
-* When a `MediaSession` abandons audio focus: |
- |
- * If the session is not on the top, just remove it from the stack. |
- * If the session is on the top, remove it from the stack. |
- |
- * If the stack becomes empty, do nothing. |
- * If the next top session is transient, do nothing. |
- * If the next top session is persistent, stop ducking it. |
- |
-### Handling Pepper |
- |
-Pepper is different from media elements since it has a different model. Pepper |
-cannot be paused, but its volume can be changed. When considering Pepper, the |
-above algorithm must be modified. |
- |
-When Pepper joins `MediaSession`, it should request persistent focus type. When |
-AudioFocusManager wants to suspend a `MediaSession`, it must check whether the |
-session has Pepper instance, and if yes, it should duck the session instead. |
- |
-Also, whenever a session abandons focus, and the next top session is INACTIVE, |
-`AudioFocusManager` should find the next session having Pepper and unduck it. |