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| 1 // Copyright (c) 2012, the Dart project authors. Please see the AUTHORS file | |
| 2 // for details. All rights reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a | |
| 3 // BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file. | |
| 4 | |
| 5 /** | |
| 6 * Mathematical constants and functions, plus a random number generator. | |
| 7 * | |
| 8 * To use this library in your code: | |
| 9 * | |
| 10 * import 'dart:math'; | |
| 11 */ | |
| 12 library dart.math; | |
| 13 | |
| 14 part "jenkins_smi_hash.dart"; | |
| 15 part "point.dart"; | |
| 16 part "random.dart"; | |
| 17 part "rectangle.dart"; | |
| 18 | |
| 19 /** | |
| 20 * Base of the natural logarithms. | |
| 21 * | |
| 22 * Typically written as "e". | |
| 23 */ | |
| 24 const double E = 2.718281828459045; | |
| 25 | |
| 26 /** | |
| 27 * Natural logarithm of 10. | |
| 28 */ | |
| 29 const double LN10 = 2.302585092994046; | |
| 30 | |
| 31 /** | |
| 32 * Natural logarithm of 2. | |
| 33 */ | |
| 34 const double LN2 = 0.6931471805599453; | |
| 35 | |
| 36 /** | |
| 37 * Base-2 logarithm of [E]. | |
| 38 */ | |
| 39 const double LOG2E = 1.4426950408889634; | |
| 40 | |
| 41 /** | |
| 42 * Base-10 logarithm of [E]. | |
| 43 */ | |
| 44 const double LOG10E = 0.4342944819032518; | |
| 45 | |
| 46 /** | |
| 47 * The PI constant. | |
| 48 */ | |
| 49 const double PI = 3.1415926535897932; | |
| 50 | |
| 51 /** | |
| 52 * Square root of 1/2. | |
| 53 */ | |
| 54 const double SQRT1_2 = 0.7071067811865476; | |
| 55 | |
| 56 /** | |
| 57 * Square root of 2. | |
| 58 */ | |
| 59 const double SQRT2 = 1.4142135623730951; | |
| 60 | |
| 61 /** | |
| 62 * Returns the lesser of two numbers. | |
| 63 * | |
| 64 * Returns NaN if either argument is NaN. | |
| 65 * The lesser of `-0.0` and `0.0` is `-0.0`. | |
| 66 * If the arguments are otherwise equal (including int and doubles with the | |
| 67 * same mathematical value) then it is unspecified which of the two arguments | |
| 68 * is returned. | |
| 69 */ | |
| 70 external num/*=T*/ min/*<T extends num>*/(num/*=T*/ a, num/*=T*/ b); | |
| 71 | |
| 72 /** | |
| 73 * Returns the larger of two numbers. | |
| 74 * | |
| 75 * Returns NaN if either argument is NaN. | |
| 76 * The larger of `-0.0` and `0.0` is `0.0`. If the arguments are | |
| 77 * otherwise equal (including int and doubles with the same mathematical value) | |
| 78 * then it is unspecified which of the two arguments is returned. | |
| 79 */ | |
| 80 external num/*=T*/ max/*<T extends num>*/(num/*=T*/ a, num/*=T*/ b); | |
| 81 | |
| 82 /** | |
| 83 * A variant of [atan]. | |
| 84 * | |
| 85 * Converts both arguments to doubles. | |
| 86 * | |
| 87 * Returns the angle between the positive x-axis and the vector ([b],[a]). | |
| 88 * The result, in radians, is in the range -PI..PI. | |
| 89 * | |
| 90 * If [b] is positive, this is the same as `atan(b/a)`. | |
| 91 * | |
| 92 * The result is negative when [a] is negative (including when [a] is the | |
| 93 * double -0.0). | |
| 94 * | |
| 95 * If [a] is equal to zero, the vector ([b],[a]) is considered parallel to | |
| 96 * the x-axis, even if [b] is also equal to zero. The sign of [b] determines | |
| 97 * the direction of the vector along the x-axis. | |
| 98 * | |
| 99 * Returns NaN if either argument is NaN. | |
| 100 */ | |
| 101 external double atan2(num a, num b); | |
| 102 | |
| 103 /** | |
| 104 * Returns [x] to the power of [exponent]. | |
| 105 * | |
| 106 * If [x] is an [int] and [exponent] is a non-negative [int], the result is | |
| 107 * an [int], otherwise both arguments are converted to doubles first, and the | |
| 108 * result is a [double]. | |
| 109 * | |
| 110 * For integers, the power is always equal to the mathematical result of `x` to | |
| 111 * the power `exponent`, only limited by the available memory. | |
| 112 * | |
| 113 * For doubles, `pow(x, y)` handles edge cases as follows: | |
| 114 * | |
| 115 * - if `y` is zero (0.0 or -0.0), the result is always 1.0. | |
| 116 * - if `x` is 1.0, the result is always 1.0. | |
| 117 * - otherwise, if either `x` or `y` is NaN then the result is NaN. | |
| 118 * - if `x` is negative (but not -0.0) and `y` is a finite non-integer, the | |
| 119 * result is NaN. | |
| 120 * - if `x` is Infinity and `y` is negative, the result is 0.0. | |
| 121 * - if `x` is Infinity and `y` is positive, the result is Infinity. | |
| 122 * - if `x` is 0.0 and `y` is negative, the result is Infinity. | |
| 123 * - if `x` is 0.0 and `y` is positive, the result is 0.0. | |
| 124 * - if `x` is -Infinity or -0.0 and `y` is an odd integer, then the result is | |
| 125 * `-pow(-x ,y)`. | |
| 126 * - if `x` is -Infinity or -0.0 and `y` is not an odd integer, then the result | |
| 127 * is the same as `pow(-x , y)`. | |
| 128 * - if `y` is Infinity and the absolute value of `x` is less than 1, the | |
| 129 * result is 0.0. | |
| 130 * - if `y` is Infinity and `x` is -1, the result is 1.0. | |
| 131 * - if `y` is Infinity and the absolute value of `x` is greater than 1, | |
| 132 * the result is Infinity. | |
| 133 * - if `y` is -Infinity, the result is `1/pow(x, Infinity)`. | |
| 134 * | |
| 135 * This corresponds to the `pow` function defined in the IEEE Standard 754-2008. | |
| 136 * | |
| 137 * Notice that an [int] result cannot overflow, but a [double] result might | |
| 138 * be [double.INFINITY]. | |
| 139 */ | |
| 140 external num pow(num x, num exponent); | |
| 141 | |
| 142 /** | |
| 143 * Converts [x] to a double and returns the sine of the value. | |
| 144 * | |
| 145 * If [x] is not a finite number, the result is NaN. | |
| 146 */ | |
| 147 external double sin(num x); | |
| 148 | |
| 149 /** | |
| 150 * Converts [x] to a double and returns the cosine of the value. | |
| 151 * | |
| 152 * If [x] is not a finite number, the result is NaN. | |
| 153 */ | |
| 154 external double cos(num x); | |
| 155 | |
| 156 /** | |
| 157 * Converts [x] to a double and returns the tangent of the value. | |
| 158 * | |
| 159 * The tangent function is equivalent to `sin(x)/cos(x)` and may be | |
| 160 * infinite (positive or negative) when `cos(x)` is equal to zero. | |
| 161 * If [x] is not a finite number, the result is NaN. | |
| 162 */ | |
| 163 external double tan(num x); | |
| 164 | |
| 165 /** | |
| 166 * Converts [x] to a double and returns the arc cosine of the value. | |
| 167 * | |
| 168 * Returns a value in the range 0..PI, or NaN if [x] is outside | |
| 169 * the range -1..1. | |
| 170 */ | |
| 171 external double acos(num x); | |
| 172 | |
| 173 /** | |
| 174 * Converts [x] to a double and returns the arc sine of the value. | |
| 175 * | |
| 176 * Returns a value in the range -PI/2..PI/2, or NaN if [x] is outside | |
| 177 * the range -1..1. | |
| 178 */ | |
| 179 external double asin(num x); | |
| 180 | |
| 181 /** | |
| 182 * Converts [x] to a double and returns the arc tangent of the value. | |
| 183 * | |
| 184 * Returns a value in the range -PI/2..PI/2, or NaN if [x] is NaN. | |
| 185 */ | |
| 186 external double atan(num x); | |
| 187 | |
| 188 /** | |
| 189 * Converts [x] to a double and returns the positive square root of the value. | |
| 190 * | |
| 191 * Returns -0.0 if [x] is -0.0, and NaN if [x] is otherwise negative or NaN. | |
| 192 */ | |
| 193 external double sqrt(num x); | |
| 194 | |
| 195 /** | |
| 196 * Converts [x] to a double and returns the natural exponent, [E], | |
| 197 * to the power [x]. | |
| 198 * | |
| 199 * Returns NaN if [x] is NaN. | |
| 200 */ | |
| 201 external double exp(num x); | |
| 202 | |
| 203 /** | |
| 204 * Converts [x] to a double and returns the natural logarithm of the value. | |
| 205 * | |
| 206 * Returns negative infinity if [x] is equal to zero. | |
| 207 * Returns NaN if [x] is NaN or less than zero. | |
| 208 */ | |
| 209 external double log(num x); | |
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