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1 // Copyright (c) 2012, the Dart project authors. Please see the AUTHORS file | |
2 // for details. All rights reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a | |
3 // BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file. | |
4 | |
5 /** | |
6 * Mathematical constants and functions, plus a random number generator. | |
7 * | |
8 * To use this library in your code: | |
9 * | |
10 * import 'dart:math'; | |
11 */ | |
12 library dart.math; | |
13 | |
14 part "jenkins_smi_hash.dart"; | |
15 part "point.dart"; | |
16 part "random.dart"; | |
17 part "rectangle.dart"; | |
18 | |
19 /** | |
20 * Base of the natural logarithms. | |
21 * | |
22 * Typically written as "e". | |
23 */ | |
24 const double E = 2.718281828459045; | |
25 | |
26 /** | |
27 * Natural logarithm of 10. | |
28 */ | |
29 const double LN10 = 2.302585092994046; | |
30 | |
31 /** | |
32 * Natural logarithm of 2. | |
33 */ | |
34 const double LN2 = 0.6931471805599453; | |
35 | |
36 /** | |
37 * Base-2 logarithm of [E]. | |
38 */ | |
39 const double LOG2E = 1.4426950408889634; | |
40 | |
41 /** | |
42 * Base-10 logarithm of [E]. | |
43 */ | |
44 const double LOG10E = 0.4342944819032518; | |
45 | |
46 /** | |
47 * The PI constant. | |
48 */ | |
49 const double PI = 3.1415926535897932; | |
50 | |
51 /** | |
52 * Square root of 1/2. | |
53 */ | |
54 const double SQRT1_2 = 0.7071067811865476; | |
55 | |
56 /** | |
57 * Square root of 2. | |
58 */ | |
59 const double SQRT2 = 1.4142135623730951; | |
60 | |
61 /** | |
62 * Returns the lesser of two numbers. | |
63 * | |
64 * Returns NaN if either argument is NaN. | |
65 * The lesser of `-0.0` and `0.0` is `-0.0`. | |
66 * If the arguments are otherwise equal (including int and doubles with the | |
67 * same mathematical value) then it is unspecified which of the two arguments | |
68 * is returned. | |
69 */ | |
70 external num/*=T*/ min/*<T extends num>*/(num/*=T*/ a, num/*=T*/ b); | |
71 | |
72 /** | |
73 * Returns the larger of two numbers. | |
74 * | |
75 * Returns NaN if either argument is NaN. | |
76 * The larger of `-0.0` and `0.0` is `0.0`. If the arguments are | |
77 * otherwise equal (including int and doubles with the same mathematical value) | |
78 * then it is unspecified which of the two arguments is returned. | |
79 */ | |
80 external num/*=T*/ max/*<T extends num>*/(num/*=T*/ a, num/*=T*/ b); | |
81 | |
82 /** | |
83 * A variant of [atan]. | |
84 * | |
85 * Converts both arguments to doubles. | |
86 * | |
87 * Returns the angle between the positive x-axis and the vector ([b],[a]). | |
88 * The result, in radians, is in the range -PI..PI. | |
89 * | |
90 * If [b] is positive, this is the same as `atan(b/a)`. | |
91 * | |
92 * The result is negative when [a] is negative (including when [a] is the | |
93 * double -0.0). | |
94 * | |
95 * If [a] is equal to zero, the vector ([b],[a]) is considered parallel to | |
96 * the x-axis, even if [b] is also equal to zero. The sign of [b] determines | |
97 * the direction of the vector along the x-axis. | |
98 * | |
99 * Returns NaN if either argument is NaN. | |
100 */ | |
101 external double atan2(num a, num b); | |
102 | |
103 /** | |
104 * Returns [x] to the power of [exponent]. | |
105 * | |
106 * If [x] is an [int] and [exponent] is a non-negative [int], the result is | |
107 * an [int], otherwise both arguments are converted to doubles first, and the | |
108 * result is a [double]. | |
109 * | |
110 * For integers, the power is always equal to the mathematical result of `x` to | |
111 * the power `exponent`, only limited by the available memory. | |
112 * | |
113 * For doubles, `pow(x, y)` handles edge cases as follows: | |
114 * | |
115 * - if `y` is zero (0.0 or -0.0), the result is always 1.0. | |
116 * - if `x` is 1.0, the result is always 1.0. | |
117 * - otherwise, if either `x` or `y` is NaN then the result is NaN. | |
118 * - if `x` is negative (but not -0.0) and `y` is a finite non-integer, the | |
119 * result is NaN. | |
120 * - if `x` is Infinity and `y` is negative, the result is 0.0. | |
121 * - if `x` is Infinity and `y` is positive, the result is Infinity. | |
122 * - if `x` is 0.0 and `y` is negative, the result is Infinity. | |
123 * - if `x` is 0.0 and `y` is positive, the result is 0.0. | |
124 * - if `x` is -Infinity or -0.0 and `y` is an odd integer, then the result is | |
125 * `-pow(-x ,y)`. | |
126 * - if `x` is -Infinity or -0.0 and `y` is not an odd integer, then the result | |
127 * is the same as `pow(-x , y)`. | |
128 * - if `y` is Infinity and the absolute value of `x` is less than 1, the | |
129 * result is 0.0. | |
130 * - if `y` is Infinity and `x` is -1, the result is 1.0. | |
131 * - if `y` is Infinity and the absolute value of `x` is greater than 1, | |
132 * the result is Infinity. | |
133 * - if `y` is -Infinity, the result is `1/pow(x, Infinity)`. | |
134 * | |
135 * This corresponds to the `pow` function defined in the IEEE Standard 754-2008. | |
136 * | |
137 * Notice that an [int] result cannot overflow, but a [double] result might | |
138 * be [double.INFINITY]. | |
139 */ | |
140 external num pow(num x, num exponent); | |
141 | |
142 /** | |
143 * Converts [x] to a double and returns the sine of the value. | |
144 * | |
145 * If [x] is not a finite number, the result is NaN. | |
146 */ | |
147 external double sin(num x); | |
148 | |
149 /** | |
150 * Converts [x] to a double and returns the cosine of the value. | |
151 * | |
152 * If [x] is not a finite number, the result is NaN. | |
153 */ | |
154 external double cos(num x); | |
155 | |
156 /** | |
157 * Converts [x] to a double and returns the tangent of the value. | |
158 * | |
159 * The tangent function is equivalent to `sin(x)/cos(x)` and may be | |
160 * infinite (positive or negative) when `cos(x)` is equal to zero. | |
161 * If [x] is not a finite number, the result is NaN. | |
162 */ | |
163 external double tan(num x); | |
164 | |
165 /** | |
166 * Converts [x] to a double and returns the arc cosine of the value. | |
167 * | |
168 * Returns a value in the range 0..PI, or NaN if [x] is outside | |
169 * the range -1..1. | |
170 */ | |
171 external double acos(num x); | |
172 | |
173 /** | |
174 * Converts [x] to a double and returns the arc sine of the value. | |
175 * | |
176 * Returns a value in the range -PI/2..PI/2, or NaN if [x] is outside | |
177 * the range -1..1. | |
178 */ | |
179 external double asin(num x); | |
180 | |
181 /** | |
182 * Converts [x] to a double and returns the arc tangent of the value. | |
183 * | |
184 * Returns a value in the range -PI/2..PI/2, or NaN if [x] is NaN. | |
185 */ | |
186 external double atan(num x); | |
187 | |
188 /** | |
189 * Converts [x] to a double and returns the positive square root of the value. | |
190 * | |
191 * Returns -0.0 if [x] is -0.0, and NaN if [x] is otherwise negative or NaN. | |
192 */ | |
193 external double sqrt(num x); | |
194 | |
195 /** | |
196 * Converts [x] to a double and returns the natural exponent, [E], | |
197 * to the power [x]. | |
198 * | |
199 * Returns NaN if [x] is NaN. | |
200 */ | |
201 external double exp(num x); | |
202 | |
203 /** | |
204 * Converts [x] to a double and returns the natural logarithm of the value. | |
205 * | |
206 * Returns negative infinity if [x] is equal to zero. | |
207 * Returns NaN if [x] is NaN or less than zero. | |
208 */ | |
209 external double log(num x); | |
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