Make `getComputedStyle` return the correct style for collapsed <img> elements.

third_party/WebKit/Source/core/css/resolver/StyleAdjuster.cpp

Index: third_party/WebKit/Source/core/css/resolver/StyleAdjuster.cpp
diff --git a/third_party/WebKit/Source/core/css/resolver/StyleAdjuster.cpp b/third_party/WebKit/Source/core/css/resolver/StyleAdjuster.cpp
index 291b8c727d87bf5be3c24bfac9a91e1c6f4eb798..127e05c930c7092e5c882155c9ac68d0d255469f 100644
--- a/third_party/WebKit/Source/core/css/resolver/StyleAdjuster.cpp
+++ b/third_party/WebKit/Source/core/css/resolver/StyleAdjuster.cpp
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@
 #include "core/frame/Settings.h"
 #include "core/frame/UseCounter.h"
 #include "core/html/HTMLIFrameElement.h"
+#include "core/html/HTMLImageElement.h"
 #include "core/html/HTMLInputElement.h"
 #include "core/html/HTMLPlugInElement.h"
 #include "core/html/HTMLTableCellElement.h"
@@ -209,6 +210,12 @@ static void adjustStyleForHTMLElement(ComputedStyle& style,
     return;
   }
 
+  if (isHTMLImageElement(element)) {
+    if (toHTMLImageElement(element).isCollapsed())
+      style.setDisplay(EDisplay::None);
+    return;
+  }
+
   if (isHTMLTableElement(element)) {
     // Tables never support the -webkit-* values for text-align and will reset
     // back to the default.