Reland "Merge more Kernel infrastructure from kernel_sdk SDK fork."

tests/kernel/unsorted/field_dispatcher_test.dart

+// Copyright (c) 2016, the Dart project authors.  Please see the AUTHORS file
+// for details. All rights reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a
+// BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+import 'expect.dart';
+
+class A {
+  Function fun;
+  A(this.fun);
+}
+
+globalFunctionPositional(int a, [int b = 42]) => a + b;
+
+globalFunctionNamed(int a, {int b: 42}) => a + b;
+
+class Foo {
+  int base;
+
+  Foo(this.base);
+
+  methodFunctionPositional(int a, [int b = 42]) => base + a + b;
+
+  methodFunctionNamed(int a, {int b: 42}) => base + a + b;
+}
+
+main() {
+  Expect.isTrue(new A(globalFunctionPositional).fun(1, 2) == 3);
+  Expect.isTrue(new A(globalFunctionPositional).fun(1) == 43);
+  Expect.isTrue(new A(globalFunctionNamed).fun(1, b: 2) == 3);
+  Expect.isTrue(new A(globalFunctionNamed).fun(1) == 43);
+
+  var foo = new Foo(100);
+  Expect.isTrue(new A(foo.methodFunctionPositional).fun(1, 2) == 103);
+  Expect.isTrue(new A(foo.methodFunctionPositional).fun(1) == 143);
+  Expect.isTrue(new A(foo.methodFunctionNamed).fun(1, b: 2) == 103);
+  Expect.isTrue(new A(foo.methodFunctionNamed).fun(1) == 143);
+}