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| 1 # Copyright (c) 2012 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved. |
| 2 # Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be |
| 3 # found in the LICENSE file. |
| 4 |
| 5 """A wrapper for subprocess to make calling shell commands easier.""" |
| 6 |
| 7 import logging |
| 8 import os |
| 9 import pipes |
| 10 import select |
| 11 import signal |
| 12 import string |
| 13 import StringIO |
| 14 import subprocess |
| 15 import time |
| 16 |
| 17 # fcntl is not available on Windows. |
| 18 try: |
| 19 import fcntl |
| 20 except ImportError: |
| 21 fcntl = None |
| 22 |
| 23 _SafeShellChars = frozenset(string.ascii_letters + string.digits + '@%_-+=:,./') |
| 24 |
| 25 def SingleQuote(s): |
| 26 """Return an shell-escaped version of the string using single quotes. |
| 27 |
| 28 Reliably quote a string which may contain unsafe characters (e.g. space, |
| 29 quote, or other special characters such as '$'). |
| 30 |
| 31 The returned value can be used in a shell command line as one token that gets |
| 32 to be interpreted literally. |
| 33 |
| 34 Args: |
| 35 s: The string to quote. |
| 36 |
| 37 Return: |
| 38 The string quoted using single quotes. |
| 39 """ |
| 40 return pipes.quote(s) |
| 41 |
| 42 def DoubleQuote(s): |
| 43 """Return an shell-escaped version of the string using double quotes. |
| 44 |
| 45 Reliably quote a string which may contain unsafe characters (e.g. space |
| 46 or quote characters), while retaining some shell features such as variable |
| 47 interpolation. |
| 48 |
| 49 The returned value can be used in a shell command line as one token that gets |
| 50 to be further interpreted by the shell. |
| 51 |
| 52 The set of characters that retain their special meaning may depend on the |
| 53 shell implementation. This set usually includes: '$', '`', '\', '!', '*', |
| 54 and '@'. |
| 55 |
| 56 Args: |
| 57 s: The string to quote. |
| 58 |
| 59 Return: |
| 60 The string quoted using double quotes. |
| 61 """ |
| 62 if not s: |
| 63 return '""' |
| 64 elif all(c in _SafeShellChars for c in s): |
| 65 return s |
| 66 else: |
| 67 return '"' + s.replace('"', '\\"') + '"' |
| 68 |
| 69 |
| 70 def Popen(args, stdout=None, stderr=None, shell=None, cwd=None, env=None): |
| 71 return subprocess.Popen( |
| 72 args=args, cwd=cwd, stdout=stdout, stderr=stderr, |
| 73 shell=shell, close_fds=True, env=env, |
| 74 preexec_fn=lambda: signal.signal(signal.SIGPIPE, signal.SIG_DFL)) |
| 75 |
| 76 |
| 77 def Call(args, stdout=None, stderr=None, shell=None, cwd=None, env=None): |
| 78 pipe = Popen(args, stdout=stdout, stderr=stderr, shell=shell, cwd=cwd, |
| 79 env=env) |
| 80 pipe.communicate() |
| 81 return pipe.wait() |
| 82 |
| 83 |
| 84 def RunCmd(args, cwd=None): |
| 85 """Opens a subprocess to execute a program and returns its return value. |
| 86 |
| 87 Args: |
| 88 args: A string or a sequence of program arguments. The program to execute is |
| 89 the string or the first item in the args sequence. |
| 90 cwd: If not None, the subprocess's current directory will be changed to |
| 91 |cwd| before it's executed. |
| 92 |
| 93 Returns: |
| 94 Return code from the command execution. |
| 95 """ |
| 96 logging.info(str(args) + ' ' + (cwd or '')) |
| 97 return Call(args, cwd=cwd) |
| 98 |
| 99 |
| 100 def GetCmdOutput(args, cwd=None, shell=False): |
| 101 """Open a subprocess to execute a program and returns its output. |
| 102 |
| 103 Args: |
| 104 args: A string or a sequence of program arguments. The program to execute is |
| 105 the string or the first item in the args sequence. |
| 106 cwd: If not None, the subprocess's current directory will be changed to |
| 107 |cwd| before it's executed. |
| 108 shell: Whether to execute args as a shell command. |
| 109 |
| 110 Returns: |
| 111 Captures and returns the command's stdout. |
| 112 Prints the command's stderr to logger (which defaults to stdout). |
| 113 """ |
| 114 (_, output) = GetCmdStatusAndOutput(args, cwd, shell) |
| 115 return output |
| 116 |
| 117 |
| 118 def _ValidateAndLogCommand(args, cwd, shell): |
| 119 if isinstance(args, basestring): |
| 120 if not shell: |
| 121 raise Exception('string args must be run with shell=True') |
| 122 else: |
| 123 if shell: |
| 124 raise Exception('array args must be run with shell=False') |
| 125 args = ' '.join(SingleQuote(c) for c in args) |
| 126 if cwd is None: |
| 127 cwd = '' |
| 128 else: |
| 129 cwd = ':' + cwd |
| 130 logging.info('[host]%s> %s', cwd, args) |
| 131 return args |
| 132 |
| 133 |
| 134 def GetCmdStatusAndOutput(args, cwd=None, shell=False): |
| 135 """Executes a subprocess and returns its exit code and output. |
| 136 |
| 137 Args: |
| 138 args: A string or a sequence of program arguments. The program to execute is |
| 139 the string or the first item in the args sequence. |
| 140 cwd: If not None, the subprocess's current directory will be changed to |
| 141 |cwd| before it's executed. |
| 142 shell: Whether to execute args as a shell command. Must be True if args |
| 143 is a string and False if args is a sequence. |
| 144 |
| 145 Returns: |
| 146 The 2-tuple (exit code, output). |
| 147 """ |
| 148 _ValidateAndLogCommand(args, cwd, shell) |
| 149 pipe = Popen(args, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE, |
| 150 shell=shell, cwd=cwd) |
| 151 stdout, stderr = pipe.communicate() |
| 152 |
| 153 if stderr: |
| 154 logging.critical(stderr) |
| 155 if len(stdout) > 4096: |
| 156 logging.debug('Truncated output:') |
| 157 logging.debug(stdout[:4096]) |
| 158 return (pipe.returncode, stdout) |
| 159 |
| 160 |
| 161 class TimeoutError(Exception): |
| 162 """Module-specific timeout exception.""" |
| 163 pass |
| 164 |
| 165 |
| 166 def _IterProcessStdout(process, timeout=None, buffer_size=4096, |
| 167 poll_interval=1): |
| 168 assert fcntl, 'fcntl module is required' |
| 169 try: |
| 170 # Enable non-blocking reads from the child's stdout. |
| 171 child_fd = process.stdout.fileno() |
| 172 fl = fcntl.fcntl(child_fd, fcntl.F_GETFL) |
| 173 fcntl.fcntl(child_fd, fcntl.F_SETFL, fl | os.O_NONBLOCK) |
| 174 |
| 175 end_time = (time.time() + timeout) if timeout else None |
| 176 while True: |
| 177 if end_time and time.time() > end_time: |
| 178 raise TimeoutError |
| 179 read_fds, _, _ = select.select([child_fd], [], [], poll_interval) |
| 180 if child_fd in read_fds: |
| 181 data = os.read(child_fd, buffer_size) |
| 182 if not data: |
| 183 break |
| 184 yield data |
| 185 if process.poll() is not None: |
| 186 break |
| 187 finally: |
| 188 try: |
| 189 # Make sure the process doesn't stick around if we fail with an |
| 190 # exception. |
| 191 process.kill() |
| 192 except OSError: |
| 193 pass |
| 194 process.wait() |
| 195 |
| 196 |
| 197 def GetCmdStatusAndOutputWithTimeout(args, timeout, cwd=None, shell=False, |
| 198 logfile=None): |
| 199 """Executes a subprocess with a timeout. |
| 200 |
| 201 Args: |
| 202 args: List of arguments to the program, the program to execute is the first |
| 203 element. |
| 204 timeout: the timeout in seconds or None to wait forever. |
| 205 cwd: If not None, the subprocess's current directory will be changed to |
| 206 |cwd| before it's executed. |
| 207 shell: Whether to execute args as a shell command. Must be True if args |
| 208 is a string and False if args is a sequence. |
| 209 logfile: Optional file-like object that will receive output from the |
| 210 command as it is running. |
| 211 |
| 212 Returns: |
| 213 The 2-tuple (exit code, output). |
| 214 """ |
| 215 _ValidateAndLogCommand(args, cwd, shell) |
| 216 output = StringIO.StringIO() |
| 217 process = Popen(args, cwd=cwd, shell=shell, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, |
| 218 stderr=subprocess.STDOUT) |
| 219 for data in _IterProcessStdout(process, timeout=timeout): |
| 220 if logfile: |
| 221 logfile.write(data) |
| 222 output.write(data) |
| 223 return process.returncode, output.getvalue() |
| 224 |
| 225 |
| 226 def IterCmdOutputLines(args, timeout=None, cwd=None, shell=False, |
| 227 check_status=True): |
| 228 """Executes a subprocess and continuously yields lines from its output. |
| 229 |
| 230 Args: |
| 231 args: List of arguments to the program, the program to execute is the first |
| 232 element. |
| 233 cwd: If not None, the subprocess's current directory will be changed to |
| 234 |cwd| before it's executed. |
| 235 shell: Whether to execute args as a shell command. Must be True if args |
| 236 is a string and False if args is a sequence. |
| 237 check_status: A boolean indicating whether to check the exit status of the |
| 238 process after all output has been read. |
| 239 |
| 240 Yields: |
| 241 The output of the subprocess, line by line. |
| 242 |
| 243 Raises: |
| 244 CalledProcessError if check_status is True and the process exited with a |
| 245 non-zero exit status. |
| 246 """ |
| 247 cmd = _ValidateAndLogCommand(args, cwd, shell) |
| 248 process = Popen(args, cwd=cwd, shell=shell, stdout=subprocess.PIPE, |
| 249 stderr=subprocess.STDOUT) |
| 250 buffer_output = '' |
| 251 for data in _IterProcessStdout(process, timeout=timeout): |
| 252 buffer_output += data |
| 253 has_incomplete_line = buffer_output[-1] not in '\r\n' |
| 254 lines = buffer_output.splitlines() |
| 255 buffer_output = lines.pop() if has_incomplete_line else '' |
| 256 for line in lines: |
| 257 yield line |
| 258 if buffer_output: |
| 259 yield buffer_output |
| 260 if check_status and process.returncode: |
| 261 raise subprocess.CalledProcessError(process.returncode, cmd) |
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