| Index: android/java/src/org/chromium/base/README_logging.md
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| diff --git a/android/java/src/org/chromium/base/README_logging.md b/android/java/src/org/chromium/base/README_logging.md
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| deleted file mode 100644
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| index 6104bf0e63656f8c70746b8ded615329670a6562..0000000000000000000000000000000000000000
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| --- a/android/java/src/org/chromium/base/README_logging.md
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| @@ -1,181 +0,0 @@
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| -## Logging ##
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| -
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| -Logging used to be done using Android's [android.util.Log]
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| -(http://developer.android.com/reference/android/util/Log.html).
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| -
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| -A wrapper on that is now available: org.chromium.base.Log. It is designed to write logs as
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| -belonging to logical groups going beyond single classes, and to make it easy to switch logging on
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| -or off for individual groups.
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| -
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| -Usage:
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| -
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| - private static final String TAG = "cr.YourModuleTag";
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| - ...
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| - Log.i(TAG, "Logged INFO message.");
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| - Log.d(TAG, "Some DEBUG info: %s", data);
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| -
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| -Output:
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| -
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| - I/cr.YourModuleTag: ( 999): Logged INFO message
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| - D/cr.YourModuleTag: ( 999): [MyClass.java:42] Some DEBUG info: data's toString output
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| -
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| -Here, **TAG** will be a feature or package name, "MediaRemote" or "NFC" for example. In most
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| -cases, the class name is not needed.
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| -
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| -**Caveat:** Property keys are limited to 23 characters. If the tag is too long, `Log#isLoggable`
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| -throws a RuntimeException.
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| -
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| -### Verbose and Debug logs have special handling ###
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| -
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| -* `Log.v` and `Log.d` Calls made using `org.chromium.base.Log` are stripped
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| - out of production binaries using Proguard. There is no way to get those logs
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| - in release builds.
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| -
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| -* The file name and line number will be prepended to the log message.
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| - For higher priority logs, those are not added for performance concerns.
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| -
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| -* By default, Verbose and Debug logs are not enabled, see guarding:
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| -
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| -### Log calls are guarded: Tag groups can be enabled or disabled using ADB ###
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| -
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| - adb shell setprop log.tag.cr.YourModuleTag <LEVEL>
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| -
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| -Level here is either `VERBOSE`, `DEBUG`, `INFO`, `WARN`, `ERROR`, `ASSERT`, or `SUPPRESS`
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| -By default, the level for all tags is `INFO`.
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| -
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| -### An exception trace is printed when the exception is the last parameter ###
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| -
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| -As with `java.util.Log`, putting a throwable as last parameter will dump the corresponding stack
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| -trace:
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| -
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| - Log.i(TAG, "An error happened: %s", e)
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| -
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| - I/cr.YourModuleTag: ( 999): An error happened: This is the exception's message
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| - I/cr.YourModuleTag: ( 999): java.lang.Exception: This is the exception's message
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| - I/cr.YourModuleTag: ( 999): at foo.bar.MyClass.test(MyClass.java:42)
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| - I/cr.YourModuleTag: ( 999): ...
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| -
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| -Having the exception as last parameter doesn't prevent it from being used for string formatting.
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| -
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| -### Logging Best Practices
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| -
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| -#### Rule #1: Never log PII (Personal Identification Information):
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| -
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| -This is a huge concern, because other applications can access the log and extract a lot of data
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| -from your own by doing so. Even if JellyBean restricted this, people are going to run your
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| -application on rooted devices and allow some apps to access it. Also anyone with USB access to the
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| -device can use ADB to get the full logcat and get the same data right now.
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| -
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| -If you really need to print something , print a series of Xs instead (e.g. "XXXXXX"), or print a
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| -truncated hash of the PII instead. Truncation is required to make it harder for an attacker to
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| -recover the full data through rainbow tables and similar methods.
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| -
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| -Similarly, avoid dumping API keys, cookies, etc...
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| -
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| -#### Rule #2: Do not write debug logs in production code:
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| -
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| -The kernel log buffer is global and of limited size. Any extra debug log you add to your activity
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| -or service makes it more difficult to diagnose problems on other parts of the system, because they
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| -tend to push the interesting bit out of the buffer too soon. This is a recurring problem on
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| -Android, so avoid participating into it.
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| -
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| -Logs can be disabled using system properties. Because log messages might not be
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| -written, the cost of creating them should also be avoided. This can be done using three
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| -complementary ways:
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| -
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| -- Use string formatting instead of concatenations
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| -
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| - // BAD
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| - Log.d(TAG, "I " + preference + " writing logs.");
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| -
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| - // BETTER
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| - Log.d(TAG, "I %s writing logs.", preference);
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| -
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| - If logging is disabled, the function's arguments will still have to be computed and provided
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| - as input. The first call above will always lead to the creation of a `StringBuilder` and a few
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| - concatenations, while the second just passes the arguments and won't need that.
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| -
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| -- Guard expensive calls
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| -
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| - Sometimes the values to log aren't readily available and need to be computed specially. This
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| - should be avoided when logging is disabled.
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| -
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| - Using `Log#isLoggable` will return whether logging for a specific tag is allowed or not. It is
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| - the call used inside the log functions and using allows to know when running the expensive
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| - functions is needed.
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| -
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| - if (Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.DEBUG) {
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| - Log.d(TAG, "Something happened: %s", dumpDom(tab));
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| - }
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| -
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| - For more info, See the [android framework documentation]
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| - (http://developer.android.com/tools/debugging/debugging-log.html).
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| -
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| - Using a debug constant is a less flexible, but more perfomance oriented alternative.
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| -
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| - static private final boolean DEBUG = false; // set to 'true' to enable debug
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| - ...
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| - if (DEBUG) {
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| - Log.i(TAG, createThatExpensiveLogMessage(activity))
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| - }
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| -
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| - Because the variable is a `static final` that can be evaluated at compile time, the Java
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| - compiler will optimize out all guarded calls from the generated `.class` file. Changing it
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| - however requires editing each of the files for which debug should be enabled and recompiling,
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| - while the previous method can enable or disable debugging for a whole feature without changing
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| - any source file.
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| -
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| -- Annotate debug functions with the `@RemovableInRelease` annotation.
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| -
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| - That annotation tells Proguard to assume that a given function has no side effects, and is
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| - called only for its returned value. If this value is unused, the call will be removed. If the
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| - function is not called at all, it will also be removed. Since Proguard is already used to
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| - strip debug and verbose calls out of release builds, this annotation allows it to have a
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| - deeper action by removing also function calls used to generate the log call's arguments.
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| -
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| - /* If that function is only used in Log.d calls, proguard should completely remove it from
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| - * the release builds. */
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| - @RemovableInRelease
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| - private static String getSomeDebugLogString(Thing[] things) {
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| - /* Still needs to be guarded to avoid impacting debug builds, or in case it's used for
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| - * some other log levels. But at least it is done only once, inside the function. */
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| - if (!Log.isLoggable(TAG, Log.DEBUG)) return null;
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| -
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| - StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder("Reporting " + thing.length + " things:");
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| - for (Thing thing : things) {
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| - sb.append('\n').append(thing.id).append(' ').append(report.foo);
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| - }
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| - return sb.toString();
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| - }
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| -
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| - public void bar() {
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| - ...
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| - Log.d(TAG, getSomeDebugLogString(things)); /* In debug builds, the function does nothing
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| - * is debug is disabled, and the entire line
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| - * is removed in release builds. */
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| - }
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| -
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| - Again, this is useful only if the input to that function are variables already available in
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| - the scope. The idea is to move computations, concatenations, etc. to a place where that can be
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| - removed when not needed, without invading the main function's logic.
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| -
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| -#### Rule #3: Favor small log messages
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| -
|
| -This is still related to the global fixed-sized kernel buffer used to keep all logs. Try to make
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| -your log information as terse as possible. This reduces the risk of pushing interesting log data
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| -out of the buffer when something really nasty happens. It's really better to have a single-line
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| -log message, than several ones. I.e. don't use:
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| -
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| - Log.GROUP.d(TAG, "field1 = %s", value1);
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| - Log.GROUP.d(TAG, "field2 = %s", value2);
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| - Log.GROUP.d(TAG, "field3 = %s", value3);
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| -
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| -Instead, write this as:
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| -
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| - Log.d(TAG, "field1 = %s, field2 = %s, field3 = %s", value1, value2, value3);
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| -
|
| -That doesn't seem to be much different if you count overall character counts, but each independent
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| -log entry also implies a small, but non-trivial header, in the kernel log buffer.
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| -And since every byte count, you can also try something even shorter, as in:
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| -
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| - Log.d(TAG, "fields [%s,%s,%s]", value1, value2, value3);
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|
|