Check libpng directly into third_party/

third_party/libpng/pngread.c

+
+/* pngread.c - read a PNG file
+ *
+ * Last changed in libpng 1.6.17 [March 26, 2015]
+ * Copyright (c) 1998-2002,2004,2006-2015 Glenn Randers-Pehrson
+ * (Version 0.96 Copyright (c) 1996, 1997 Andreas Dilger)
+ * (Version 0.88 Copyright (c) 1995, 1996 Guy Eric Schalnat, Group 42, Inc.)
+ *
+ * This code is released under the libpng license.
+ * For conditions of distribution and use, see the disclaimer
+ * and license in png.h
+ *
+ * This file contains routines that an application calls directly to
+ * read a PNG file or stream.
+ */
+
+#include "pngpriv.h"
+#if defined(PNG_SIMPLIFIED_READ_SUPPORTED) && defined(PNG_STDIO_SUPPORTED)
+#  include <errno.h>
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_SUPPORTED
+
+/* Create a PNG structure for reading, and allocate any memory needed. */
+PNG_FUNCTION(png_structp,PNGAPI
+png_create_read_struct,(png_const_charp user_png_ver, png_voidp error_ptr,
+    png_error_ptr error_fn, png_error_ptr warn_fn),PNG_ALLOCATED)
+{
+#ifndef PNG_USER_MEM_SUPPORTED
+   png_structp png_ptr = png_create_png_struct(user_png_ver, error_ptr,
+      error_fn, warn_fn, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+#else
+   return png_create_read_struct_2(user_png_ver, error_ptr, error_fn,
+       warn_fn, NULL, NULL, NULL);
+}
+
+/* Alternate create PNG structure for reading, and allocate any memory
+ * needed.
+ */
+PNG_FUNCTION(png_structp,PNGAPI
+png_create_read_struct_2,(png_const_charp user_png_ver, png_voidp error_ptr,
+    png_error_ptr error_fn, png_error_ptr warn_fn, png_voidp mem_ptr,
+    png_malloc_ptr malloc_fn, png_free_ptr free_fn),PNG_ALLOCATED)
+{
+   png_structp png_ptr = png_create_png_struct(user_png_ver, error_ptr,
+      error_fn, warn_fn, mem_ptr, malloc_fn, free_fn);
+#endif /* USER_MEM */
+
+   if (png_ptr != NULL)
+   {
+      png_ptr->mode = PNG_IS_READ_STRUCT;
+
+      /* Added in libpng-1.6.0; this can be used to detect a read structure if
+       * required (it will be zero in a write structure.)
+       */
+#     ifdef PNG_SEQUENTIAL_READ_SUPPORTED
+         png_ptr->IDAT_read_size = PNG_IDAT_READ_SIZE;
+#     endif
+
+#     ifdef PNG_BENIGN_READ_ERRORS_SUPPORTED
+         png_ptr->flags |= PNG_FLAG_BENIGN_ERRORS_WARN;
+
+         /* In stable builds only warn if an application error can be completely
+          * handled.
+          */
+#        if PNG_RELEASE_BUILD
+            png_ptr->flags |= PNG_FLAG_APP_WARNINGS_WARN;
+#        endif
+#     endif
+
+      /* TODO: delay this, it can be done in png_init_io (if the app doesn't
+       * do it itself) avoiding setting the default function if it is not
+       * required.
+       */
+      png_set_read_fn(png_ptr, NULL, NULL);
+   }
+
+   return png_ptr;
+}
+
+
+#ifdef PNG_SEQUENTIAL_READ_SUPPORTED
+/* Read the information before the actual image data.  This has been
+ * changed in v0.90 to allow reading a file that already has the magic
+ * bytes read from the stream.  You can tell libpng how many bytes have
+ * been read from the beginning of the stream (up to the maximum of 8)
+ * via png_set_sig_bytes(), and we will only check the remaining bytes
+ * here.  The application can then have access to the signature bytes we
+ * read if it is determined that this isn't a valid PNG file.
+ */
+void PNGAPI
+png_read_info(png_structrp png_ptr, png_inforp info_ptr)
+{
+#ifdef PNG_HANDLE_AS_UNKNOWN_SUPPORTED
+   int keep;
+#endif
+
+   png_debug(1, "in png_read_info");
+
+   if (png_ptr == NULL || info_ptr == NULL)
+      return;
+
+   /* Read and check the PNG file signature. */
+   png_read_sig(png_ptr, info_ptr);
+
+   for (;;)
+   {
+      png_uint_32 length = png_read_chunk_header(png_ptr);
+      png_uint_32 chunk_name = png_ptr->chunk_name;
+
+      /* IDAT logic needs to happen here to simplify getting the two flags
+       * right.
+       */
+      if (chunk_name == png_IDAT)
+      {
+         if ((png_ptr->mode & PNG_HAVE_IHDR) == 0)
+            png_chunk_error(png_ptr, "Missing IHDR before IDAT");
+
+         else if (png_ptr->color_type == PNG_COLOR_TYPE_PALETTE &&
+             (png_ptr->mode & PNG_HAVE_PLTE) == 0)
+            png_chunk_error(png_ptr, "Missing PLTE before IDAT");
+
+         else if ((png_ptr->mode & PNG_AFTER_IDAT) != 0)
+            png_chunk_benign_error(png_ptr, "Too many IDATs found");
+
+         png_ptr->mode |= PNG_HAVE_IDAT;
+      }
+
+      else if ((png_ptr->mode & PNG_HAVE_IDAT) != 0)
+         png_ptr->mode |= PNG_AFTER_IDAT;
+
+      /* This should be a binary subdivision search or a hash for
+       * matching the chunk name rather than a linear search.
+       */
+      if (chunk_name == png_IHDR)
+         png_handle_IHDR(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+
+      else if (chunk_name == png_IEND)
+         png_handle_IEND(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+
+#ifdef PNG_HANDLE_AS_UNKNOWN_SUPPORTED
+      else if ((keep = png_chunk_unknown_handling(png_ptr, chunk_name)) != 0)
+      {
+         png_handle_unknown(png_ptr, info_ptr, length, keep);
+
+         if (chunk_name == png_PLTE)
+            png_ptr->mode |= PNG_HAVE_PLTE;
+
+         else if (chunk_name == png_IDAT)
+         {
+            png_ptr->idat_size = 0; /* It has been consumed */
+            break;
+         }
+      }
+#endif
+      else if (chunk_name == png_PLTE)
+         png_handle_PLTE(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+
+      else if (chunk_name == png_IDAT)
+      {
+         png_ptr->idat_size = length;
+         break;
+      }
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_bKGD_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_bKGD)
+         png_handle_bKGD(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_cHRM_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_cHRM)
+         png_handle_cHRM(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_gAMA_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_gAMA)
+         png_handle_gAMA(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_hIST_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_hIST)
+         png_handle_hIST(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_oFFs_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_oFFs)
+         png_handle_oFFs(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_pCAL_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_pCAL)
+         png_handle_pCAL(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_sCAL_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_sCAL)
+         png_handle_sCAL(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_pHYs_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_pHYs)
+         png_handle_pHYs(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_sBIT_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_sBIT)
+         png_handle_sBIT(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_sRGB_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_sRGB)
+         png_handle_sRGB(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_iCCP_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_iCCP)
+         png_handle_iCCP(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_sPLT_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_sPLT)
+         png_handle_sPLT(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_tEXt_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_tEXt)
+         png_handle_tEXt(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_tIME_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_tIME)
+         png_handle_tIME(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_tRNS_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_tRNS)
+         png_handle_tRNS(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_zTXt_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_zTXt)
+         png_handle_zTXt(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_iTXt_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_iTXt)
+         png_handle_iTXt(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+      else
+         png_handle_unknown(png_ptr, info_ptr, length,
+            PNG_HANDLE_CHUNK_AS_DEFAULT);
+   }
+}
+#endif /* SEQUENTIAL_READ */
+
+/* Optional call to update the users info_ptr structure */
+void PNGAPI
+png_read_update_info(png_structrp png_ptr, png_inforp info_ptr)
+{
+   png_debug(1, "in png_read_update_info");
+
+   if (png_ptr != NULL)
+   {
+      if ((png_ptr->flags & PNG_FLAG_ROW_INIT) == 0)
+      {
+         png_read_start_row(png_ptr);
+
+#        ifdef PNG_READ_TRANSFORMS_SUPPORTED
+            png_read_transform_info(png_ptr, info_ptr);
+#        else
+            PNG_UNUSED(info_ptr)
+#        endif
+      }
+
+      /* New in 1.6.0 this avoids the bug of doing the initializations twice */
+      else
+         png_app_error(png_ptr,
+            "png_read_update_info/png_start_read_image: duplicate call");
+   }
+}
+
+#ifdef PNG_SEQUENTIAL_READ_SUPPORTED
+/* Initialize palette, background, etc, after transformations
+ * are set, but before any reading takes place.  This allows
+ * the user to obtain a gamma-corrected palette, for example.
+ * If the user doesn't call this, we will do it ourselves.
+ */
+void PNGAPI
+png_start_read_image(png_structrp png_ptr)
+{
+   png_debug(1, "in png_start_read_image");
+
+   if (png_ptr != NULL)
+   {
+      if ((png_ptr->flags & PNG_FLAG_ROW_INIT) == 0)
+         png_read_start_row(png_ptr);
+
+      /* New in 1.6.0 this avoids the bug of doing the initializations twice */
+      else
+         png_app_error(png_ptr,
+            "png_start_read_image/png_read_update_info: duplicate call");
+   }
+}
+#endif /* SEQUENTIAL_READ */
+
+#ifdef PNG_SEQUENTIAL_READ_SUPPORTED
+#ifdef PNG_MNG_FEATURES_SUPPORTED
+/* Undoes intrapixel differencing,
+ * NOTE: this is apparently only supported in the 'sequential' reader.
+ */
+static void
+png_do_read_intrapixel(png_row_infop row_info, png_bytep row)
+{
+   png_debug(1, "in png_do_read_intrapixel");
+
+   if (
+       (row_info->color_type & PNG_COLOR_MASK_COLOR) != 0)
+   {
+      int bytes_per_pixel;
+      png_uint_32 row_width = row_info->width;
+
+      if (row_info->bit_depth == 8)
+      {
+         png_bytep rp;
+         png_uint_32 i;
+
+         if (row_info->color_type == PNG_COLOR_TYPE_RGB)
+            bytes_per_pixel = 3;
+
+         else if (row_info->color_type == PNG_COLOR_TYPE_RGB_ALPHA)
+            bytes_per_pixel = 4;
+
+         else
+            return;
+
+         for (i = 0, rp = row; i < row_width; i++, rp += bytes_per_pixel)
+         {
+            *(rp) = (png_byte)((256 + *rp + *(rp + 1)) & 0xff);
+            *(rp+2) = (png_byte)((256 + *(rp + 2) + *(rp + 1)) & 0xff);
+         }
+      }
+      else if (row_info->bit_depth == 16)
+      {
+         png_bytep rp;
+         png_uint_32 i;
+
+         if (row_info->color_type == PNG_COLOR_TYPE_RGB)
+            bytes_per_pixel = 6;
+
+         else if (row_info->color_type == PNG_COLOR_TYPE_RGB_ALPHA)
+            bytes_per_pixel = 8;
+
+         else
+            return;
+
+         for (i = 0, rp = row; i < row_width; i++, rp += bytes_per_pixel)
+         {
+            png_uint_32 s0   = (*(rp    ) << 8) | *(rp + 1);
+            png_uint_32 s1   = (*(rp + 2) << 8) | *(rp + 3);
+            png_uint_32 s2   = (*(rp + 4) << 8) | *(rp + 5);
+            png_uint_32 red  = (s0 + s1 + 65536) & 0xffff;
+            png_uint_32 blue = (s2 + s1 + 65536) & 0xffff;
+            *(rp    ) = (png_byte)((red >> 8) & 0xff);
+            *(rp + 1) = (png_byte)(red & 0xff);
+            *(rp + 4) = (png_byte)((blue >> 8) & 0xff);
+            *(rp + 5) = (png_byte)(blue & 0xff);
+         }
+      }
+   }
+}
+#endif /* MNG_FEATURES */
+
+void PNGAPI
+png_read_row(png_structrp png_ptr, png_bytep row, png_bytep dsp_row)
+{
+   png_row_info row_info;
+
+   if (png_ptr == NULL)
+      return;
+
+   png_debug2(1, "in png_read_row (row %lu, pass %d)",
+       (unsigned long)png_ptr->row_number, png_ptr->pass);
+
+   /* png_read_start_row sets the information (in particular iwidth) for this
+    * interlace pass.
+    */
+   if ((png_ptr->flags & PNG_FLAG_ROW_INIT) == 0)
+      png_read_start_row(png_ptr);
+
+   /* 1.5.6: row_info moved out of png_struct to a local here. */
+   row_info.width = png_ptr->iwidth; /* NOTE: width of current interlaced row */
+   row_info.color_type = png_ptr->color_type;
+   row_info.bit_depth = png_ptr->bit_depth;
+   row_info.channels = png_ptr->channels;
+   row_info.pixel_depth = png_ptr->pixel_depth;
+   row_info.rowbytes = PNG_ROWBYTES(row_info.pixel_depth, row_info.width);
+
+#ifdef PNG_WARNINGS_SUPPORTED
+   if (png_ptr->row_number == 0 && png_ptr->pass == 0)
+   {
+   /* Check for transforms that have been set but were defined out */
+#if defined(PNG_WRITE_INVERT_SUPPORTED) && !defined(PNG_READ_INVERT_SUPPORTED)
+   if ((png_ptr->transformations & PNG_INVERT_MONO) != 0)
+      png_warning(png_ptr, "PNG_READ_INVERT_SUPPORTED is not defined");
+#endif
+
+#if defined(PNG_WRITE_FILLER_SUPPORTED) && !defined(PNG_READ_FILLER_SUPPORTED)
+   if ((png_ptr->transformations & PNG_FILLER) != 0)
+      png_warning(png_ptr, "PNG_READ_FILLER_SUPPORTED is not defined");
+#endif
+
+#if defined(PNG_WRITE_PACKSWAP_SUPPORTED) && \
+    !defined(PNG_READ_PACKSWAP_SUPPORTED)
+   if ((png_ptr->transformations & PNG_PACKSWAP) != 0)
+      png_warning(png_ptr, "PNG_READ_PACKSWAP_SUPPORTED is not defined");
+#endif
+
+#if defined(PNG_WRITE_PACK_SUPPORTED) && !defined(PNG_READ_PACK_SUPPORTED)
+   if ((png_ptr->transformations & PNG_PACK) != 0)
+      png_warning(png_ptr, "PNG_READ_PACK_SUPPORTED is not defined");
+#endif
+
+#if defined(PNG_WRITE_SHIFT_SUPPORTED) && !defined(PNG_READ_SHIFT_SUPPORTED)
+   if ((png_ptr->transformations & PNG_SHIFT) != 0)
+      png_warning(png_ptr, "PNG_READ_SHIFT_SUPPORTED is not defined");
+#endif
+
+#if defined(PNG_WRITE_BGR_SUPPORTED) && !defined(PNG_READ_BGR_SUPPORTED)
+   if ((png_ptr->transformations & PNG_BGR) != 0)
+      png_warning(png_ptr, "PNG_READ_BGR_SUPPORTED is not defined");
+#endif
+
+#if defined(PNG_WRITE_SWAP_SUPPORTED) && !defined(PNG_READ_SWAP_SUPPORTED)
+   if ((png_ptr->transformations & PNG_SWAP_BYTES) != 0)
+      png_warning(png_ptr, "PNG_READ_SWAP_SUPPORTED is not defined");
+#endif
+   }
+#endif /* WARNINGS */
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_INTERLACING_SUPPORTED
+   /* If interlaced and we do not need a new row, combine row and return.
+    * Notice that the pixels we have from previous rows have been transformed
+    * already; we can only combine like with like (transformed or
+    * untransformed) and, because of the libpng API for interlaced images, this
+    * means we must transform before de-interlacing.
+    */
+   if (png_ptr->interlaced != 0 &&
+       (png_ptr->transformations & PNG_INTERLACE) != 0)
+   {
+      switch (png_ptr->pass)
+      {
+         case 0:
+            if (png_ptr->row_number & 0x07)
+            {
+               if (dsp_row != NULL)
+                  png_combine_row(png_ptr, dsp_row, 1/*display*/);
+               png_read_finish_row(png_ptr);
+               return;
+            }
+            break;
+
+         case 1:
+            if ((png_ptr->row_number & 0x07) || png_ptr->width < 5)
+            {
+               if (dsp_row != NULL)
+                  png_combine_row(png_ptr, dsp_row, 1/*display*/);
+
+               png_read_finish_row(png_ptr);
+               return;
+            }
+            break;
+
+         case 2:
+            if ((png_ptr->row_number & 0x07) != 4)
+            {
+               if (dsp_row != NULL && (png_ptr->row_number & 4))
+                  png_combine_row(png_ptr, dsp_row, 1/*display*/);
+
+               png_read_finish_row(png_ptr);
+               return;
+            }
+            break;
+
+         case 3:
+            if ((png_ptr->row_number & 3) || png_ptr->width < 3)
+            {
+               if (dsp_row != NULL)
+                  png_combine_row(png_ptr, dsp_row, 1/*display*/);
+
+               png_read_finish_row(png_ptr);
+               return;
+            }
+            break;
+
+         case 4:
+            if ((png_ptr->row_number & 3) != 2)
+            {
+               if (dsp_row != NULL && (png_ptr->row_number & 2))
+                  png_combine_row(png_ptr, dsp_row, 1/*display*/);
+
+               png_read_finish_row(png_ptr);
+               return;
+            }
+            break;
+
+         case 5:
+            if ((png_ptr->row_number & 1) || png_ptr->width < 2)
+            {
+               if (dsp_row != NULL)
+                  png_combine_row(png_ptr, dsp_row, 1/*display*/);
+
+               png_read_finish_row(png_ptr);
+               return;
+            }
+            break;
+
+         default:
+         case 6:
+            if ((png_ptr->row_number & 1) == 0)
+            {
+               png_read_finish_row(png_ptr);
+               return;
+            }
+            break;
+      }
+   }
+#endif
+
+   if ((png_ptr->mode & PNG_HAVE_IDAT) == 0)
+      png_error(png_ptr, "Invalid attempt to read row data");
+
+   /* Fill the row with IDAT data: */
+   png_read_IDAT_data(png_ptr, png_ptr->row_buf, row_info.rowbytes + 1);
+
+   if (png_ptr->row_buf[0] > PNG_FILTER_VALUE_NONE)
+   {
+      if (png_ptr->row_buf[0] < PNG_FILTER_VALUE_LAST)
+         png_read_filter_row(png_ptr, &row_info, png_ptr->row_buf + 1,
+            png_ptr->prev_row + 1, png_ptr->row_buf[0]);
+      else
+         png_error(png_ptr, "bad adaptive filter value");
+   }
+
+   /* libpng 1.5.6: the following line was copying png_ptr->rowbytes before
+    * 1.5.6, while the buffer really is this big in current versions of libpng
+    * it may not be in the future, so this was changed just to copy the
+    * interlaced count:
+    */
+   memcpy(png_ptr->prev_row, png_ptr->row_buf, row_info.rowbytes + 1);
+
+#ifdef PNG_MNG_FEATURES_SUPPORTED
+   if ((png_ptr->mng_features_permitted & PNG_FLAG_MNG_FILTER_64) != 0 &&
+       (png_ptr->filter_type == PNG_INTRAPIXEL_DIFFERENCING))
+   {
+      /* Intrapixel differencing */
+      png_do_read_intrapixel(&row_info, png_ptr->row_buf + 1);
+   }
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_TRANSFORMS_SUPPORTED
+   if (png_ptr->transformations)
+      png_do_read_transformations(png_ptr, &row_info);
+#endif
+
+   /* The transformed pixel depth should match the depth now in row_info. */
+   if (png_ptr->transformed_pixel_depth == 0)
+   {
+      png_ptr->transformed_pixel_depth = row_info.pixel_depth;
+      if (row_info.pixel_depth > png_ptr->maximum_pixel_depth)
+         png_error(png_ptr, "sequential row overflow");
+   }
+
+   else if (png_ptr->transformed_pixel_depth != row_info.pixel_depth)
+      png_error(png_ptr, "internal sequential row size calculation error");
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_INTERLACING_SUPPORTED
+   /* Expand interlaced rows to full size */
+   if (png_ptr->interlaced != 0 &&
+      (png_ptr->transformations & PNG_INTERLACE) != 0)
+   {
+      if (png_ptr->pass < 6)
+         png_do_read_interlace(&row_info, png_ptr->row_buf + 1, png_ptr->pass,
+            png_ptr->transformations);
+
+      if (dsp_row != NULL)
+         png_combine_row(png_ptr, dsp_row, 1/*display*/);
+
+      if (row != NULL)
+         png_combine_row(png_ptr, row, 0/*row*/);
+   }
+
+   else
+#endif
+   {
+      if (row != NULL)
+         png_combine_row(png_ptr, row, -1/*ignored*/);
+
+      if (dsp_row != NULL)
+         png_combine_row(png_ptr, dsp_row, -1/*ignored*/);
+   }
+   png_read_finish_row(png_ptr);
+
+   if (png_ptr->read_row_fn != NULL)
+      (*(png_ptr->read_row_fn))(png_ptr, png_ptr->row_number, png_ptr->pass);
+
+}
+#endif /* SEQUENTIAL_READ */
+
+#ifdef PNG_SEQUENTIAL_READ_SUPPORTED
+/* Read one or more rows of image data.  If the image is interlaced,
+ * and png_set_interlace_handling() has been called, the rows need to
+ * contain the contents of the rows from the previous pass.  If the
+ * image has alpha or transparency, and png_handle_alpha()[*] has been
+ * called, the rows contents must be initialized to the contents of the
+ * screen.
+ *
+ * "row" holds the actual image, and pixels are placed in it
+ * as they arrive.  If the image is displayed after each pass, it will
+ * appear to "sparkle" in.  "display_row" can be used to display a
+ * "chunky" progressive image, with finer detail added as it becomes
+ * available.  If you do not want this "chunky" display, you may pass
+ * NULL for display_row.  If you do not want the sparkle display, and
+ * you have not called png_handle_alpha(), you may pass NULL for rows.
+ * If you have called png_handle_alpha(), and the image has either an
+ * alpha channel or a transparency chunk, you must provide a buffer for
+ * rows.  In this case, you do not have to provide a display_row buffer
+ * also, but you may.  If the image is not interlaced, or if you have
+ * not called png_set_interlace_handling(), the display_row buffer will
+ * be ignored, so pass NULL to it.
+ *
+ * [*] png_handle_alpha() does not exist yet, as of this version of libpng
+ */
+
+void PNGAPI
+png_read_rows(png_structrp png_ptr, png_bytepp row,
+    png_bytepp display_row, png_uint_32 num_rows)
+{
+   png_uint_32 i;
+   png_bytepp rp;
+   png_bytepp dp;
+
+   png_debug(1, "in png_read_rows");
+
+   if (png_ptr == NULL)
+      return;
+
+   rp = row;
+   dp = display_row;
+   if (rp != NULL && dp != NULL)
+      for (i = 0; i < num_rows; i++)
+      {
+         png_bytep rptr = *rp++;
+         png_bytep dptr = *dp++;
+
+         png_read_row(png_ptr, rptr, dptr);
+      }
+
+   else if (rp != NULL)
+      for (i = 0; i < num_rows; i++)
+      {
+         png_bytep rptr = *rp;
+         png_read_row(png_ptr, rptr, NULL);
+         rp++;
+      }
+
+   else if (dp != NULL)
+      for (i = 0; i < num_rows; i++)
+      {
+         png_bytep dptr = *dp;
+         png_read_row(png_ptr, NULL, dptr);
+         dp++;
+      }
+}
+#endif /* SEQUENTIAL_READ */
+
+#ifdef PNG_SEQUENTIAL_READ_SUPPORTED
+/* Read the entire image.  If the image has an alpha channel or a tRNS
+ * chunk, and you have called png_handle_alpha()[*], you will need to
+ * initialize the image to the current image that PNG will be overlaying.
+ * We set the num_rows again here, in case it was incorrectly set in
+ * png_read_start_row() by a call to png_read_update_info() or
+ * png_start_read_image() if png_set_interlace_handling() wasn't called
+ * prior to either of these functions like it should have been.  You can
+ * only call this function once.  If you desire to have an image for
+ * each pass of a interlaced image, use png_read_rows() instead.
+ *
+ * [*] png_handle_alpha() does not exist yet, as of this version of libpng
+ */
+void PNGAPI
+png_read_image(png_structrp png_ptr, png_bytepp image)
+{
+   png_uint_32 i, image_height;
+   int pass, j;
+   png_bytepp rp;
+
+   png_debug(1, "in png_read_image");
+
+   if (png_ptr == NULL)
+      return;
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_INTERLACING_SUPPORTED
+   if ((png_ptr->flags & PNG_FLAG_ROW_INIT) == 0)
+   {
+      pass = png_set_interlace_handling(png_ptr);
+      /* And make sure transforms are initialized. */
+      png_start_read_image(png_ptr);
+   }
+   else
+   {
+      if (png_ptr->interlaced != 0 &&
+          (png_ptr->transformations & PNG_INTERLACE) == 0)
+      {
+         /* Caller called png_start_read_image or png_read_update_info without
+          * first turning on the PNG_INTERLACE transform.  We can fix this here,
+          * but the caller should do it!
+          */
+         png_warning(png_ptr, "Interlace handling should be turned on when "
+            "using png_read_image");
+         /* Make sure this is set correctly */
+         png_ptr->num_rows = png_ptr->height;
+      }
+
+      /* Obtain the pass number, which also turns on the PNG_INTERLACE flag in
+       * the above error case.
+       */
+      pass = png_set_interlace_handling(png_ptr);
+   }
+#else
+   if (png_ptr->interlaced)
+      png_error(png_ptr,
+          "Cannot read interlaced image -- interlace handler disabled");
+
+   pass = 1;
+#endif
+
+   image_height=png_ptr->height;
+
+   for (j = 0; j < pass; j++)
+   {
+      rp = image;
+      for (i = 0; i < image_height; i++)
+      {
+         png_read_row(png_ptr, *rp, NULL);
+         rp++;
+      }
+   }
+}
+#endif /* SEQUENTIAL_READ */
+
+#ifdef PNG_SEQUENTIAL_READ_SUPPORTED
+/* Read the end of the PNG file.  Will not read past the end of the
+ * file, will verify the end is accurate, and will read any comments
+ * or time information at the end of the file, if info is not NULL.
+ */
+void PNGAPI
+png_read_end(png_structrp png_ptr, png_inforp info_ptr)
+{
+#ifdef PNG_HANDLE_AS_UNKNOWN_SUPPORTED
+   int keep;
+#endif
+
+   png_debug(1, "in png_read_end");
+
+   if (png_ptr == NULL)
+      return;
+
+   /* If png_read_end is called in the middle of reading the rows there may
+    * still be pending IDAT data and an owned zstream.  Deal with this here.
+    */
+#ifdef PNG_HANDLE_AS_UNKNOWN_SUPPORTED
+   if (png_chunk_unknown_handling(png_ptr, png_IDAT) == 0)
+#endif
+      png_read_finish_IDAT(png_ptr);
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_CHECK_FOR_INVALID_INDEX_SUPPORTED
+   /* Report invalid palette index; added at libng-1.5.10 */
+   if (png_ptr->color_type == PNG_COLOR_TYPE_PALETTE &&
+      png_ptr->num_palette_max > png_ptr->num_palette)
+     png_benign_error(png_ptr, "Read palette index exceeding num_palette");
+#endif
+
+   do
+   {
+      png_uint_32 length = png_read_chunk_header(png_ptr);
+      png_uint_32 chunk_name = png_ptr->chunk_name;
+
+      if (chunk_name == png_IEND)
+         png_handle_IEND(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+
+      else if (chunk_name == png_IHDR)
+         png_handle_IHDR(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+
+      else if (info_ptr == NULL)
+         png_crc_finish(png_ptr, length);
+
+#ifdef PNG_HANDLE_AS_UNKNOWN_SUPPORTED
+      else if ((keep = png_chunk_unknown_handling(png_ptr, chunk_name)) != 0)
+      {
+         if (chunk_name == png_IDAT)
+         {
+            if ((length > 0) ||
+                (png_ptr->mode & PNG_HAVE_CHUNK_AFTER_IDAT) != 0)
+               png_benign_error(png_ptr, "Too many IDATs found");
+         }
+         png_handle_unknown(png_ptr, info_ptr, length, keep);
+         if (chunk_name == png_PLTE)
+            png_ptr->mode |= PNG_HAVE_PLTE;
+      }
+#endif
+
+      else if (chunk_name == png_IDAT)
+      {
+         /* Zero length IDATs are legal after the last IDAT has been
+          * read, but not after other chunks have been read.
+          */
+         if ((length > 0) || (png_ptr->mode & PNG_HAVE_CHUNK_AFTER_IDAT) != 0)
+            png_benign_error(png_ptr, "Too many IDATs found");
+
+         png_crc_finish(png_ptr, length);
+      }
+      else if (chunk_name == png_PLTE)
+         png_handle_PLTE(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_bKGD_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_bKGD)
+         png_handle_bKGD(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_cHRM_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_cHRM)
+         png_handle_cHRM(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_gAMA_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_gAMA)
+         png_handle_gAMA(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_hIST_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_hIST)
+         png_handle_hIST(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_oFFs_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_oFFs)
+         png_handle_oFFs(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_pCAL_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_pCAL)
+         png_handle_pCAL(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_sCAL_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_sCAL)
+         png_handle_sCAL(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_pHYs_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_pHYs)
+         png_handle_pHYs(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_sBIT_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_sBIT)
+         png_handle_sBIT(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_sRGB_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_sRGB)
+         png_handle_sRGB(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_iCCP_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_iCCP)
+         png_handle_iCCP(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_sPLT_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_sPLT)
+         png_handle_sPLT(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_tEXt_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_tEXt)
+         png_handle_tEXt(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_tIME_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_tIME)
+         png_handle_tIME(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_tRNS_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_tRNS)
+         png_handle_tRNS(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_zTXt_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_zTXt)
+         png_handle_zTXt(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_iTXt_SUPPORTED
+      else if (chunk_name == png_iTXt)
+         png_handle_iTXt(png_ptr, info_ptr, length);
+#endif
+
+      else
+         png_handle_unknown(png_ptr, info_ptr, length,
+            PNG_HANDLE_CHUNK_AS_DEFAULT);
+   } while ((png_ptr->mode & PNG_HAVE_IEND) == 0);
+}
+#endif /* SEQUENTIAL_READ */
+
+/* Free all memory used in the read struct */
+static void
+png_read_destroy(png_structrp png_ptr)
+{
+   png_debug(1, "in png_read_destroy");
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_GAMMA_SUPPORTED
+   png_destroy_gamma_table(png_ptr);
+#endif
+
+   png_free(png_ptr, png_ptr->big_row_buf);
+   png_ptr->big_row_buf = NULL;
+   png_free(png_ptr, png_ptr->big_prev_row);
+   png_ptr->big_prev_row = NULL;
+   png_free(png_ptr, png_ptr->read_buffer);
+   png_ptr->read_buffer = NULL;
+
+#ifdef PNG_READ_QUANTIZE_SUPPORTED
+   png_free(png_ptr, png_ptr->palette_lookup);
+   png_ptr->palette_lookup = NULL;
+   png_free(png_ptr, png_ptr->quantize_index);
+   png_ptr->quantize_index = NULL;
+#endif
+
+   if ((png_ptr->free_me & PNG_FREE_PLTE) != 0)
+   {
+      png_zfree(png_ptr, png_ptr->palette);
+      png_ptr->palette = NULL;
+   }
+   png_ptr->free_me &= ~PNG_FREE_PLTE;
+
+#if defined(PNG_tRNS_SUPPORTED) || \
+    defined(PNG_READ_EXPAND_SUPPORTED) || defined(PNG_READ_BACKGROUND_SUPPORTED)
+   if ((png_ptr->free_me & PNG_FREE_TRNS) != 0)
+   {
+      png_free(png_ptr, png_ptr->trans_alpha);
+      png_ptr->trans_alpha = NULL;
+   }
+   png_ptr->free_me &= ~PNG_FREE_TRNS;
+#endif
+
+   inflateEnd(&png_ptr->zstream);
+
+#ifdef PNG_PROGRESSIVE_READ_SUPPORTED
+   png_free(png_ptr, png_ptr->save_buffer);
+   png_ptr->save_buffer = NULL;
+#endif
+
+#if defined(PNG_STORE_UNKNOWN_CHUNKS_SUPPORTED) && \
+   defined(PNG_READ_UNKNOWN_CHUNKS_SUPPORTED)
+   png_free(png_ptr, png_ptr->unknown_chunk.data);
+   png_ptr->unknown_chunk.data = NULL;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_SET_UNKNOWN_CHUNKS_SUPPORTED
+   png_free(png_ptr, png_ptr->chunk_list);
+   png_ptr->chunk_list = NULL;
+#endif
+
+   /* NOTE: the 'setjmp' buffer may still be allocated and the memory and error
+    * callbacks are still set at this point.  They are required to complete the
+    * destruction of the png_struct itself.
+    */
+}
+
+/* Free all memory used by the read */
+void PNGAPI
+png_destroy_read_struct(png_structpp png_ptr_ptr, png_infopp info_ptr_ptr,
+    png_infopp end_info_ptr_ptr)
+{
+   png_structrp png_ptr = NULL;
+
+   png_debug(1, "in png_destroy_read_struct");
+
+   if (png_ptr_ptr != NULL)
+      png_ptr = *png_ptr_ptr;
+
+   if (png_ptr == NULL)
+      return;
+
+   /* libpng 1.6.0: use the API to destroy info structs to ensure consistent
+    * behavior.  Prior to 1.6.0 libpng did extra 'info' destruction in this API.
+    * The extra was, apparently, unnecessary yet this hides memory leak bugs.
+    */
+   png_destroy_info_struct(png_ptr, end_info_ptr_ptr);
+   png_destroy_info_struct(png_ptr, info_ptr_ptr);
+
+   *png_ptr_ptr = NULL;
+   png_read_destroy(png_ptr);
+   png_destroy_png_struct(png_ptr);
+}
+
+void PNGAPI
+png_set_read_status_fn(png_structrp png_ptr, png_read_status_ptr read_row_fn)
+{
+   if (png_ptr == NULL)
+      return;
+
+   png_ptr->read_row_fn = read_row_fn;
+}
+
+
+#ifdef PNG_SEQUENTIAL_READ_SUPPORTED
+#ifdef PNG_INFO_IMAGE_SUPPORTED
+void PNGAPI
+png_read_png(png_structrp png_ptr, png_inforp info_ptr,
+                           int transforms,
+                           voidp params)
+{
+   if (png_ptr == NULL || info_ptr == NULL)
+      return;
+
+   /* png_read_info() gives us all of the information from the
+    * PNG file before the first IDAT (image data chunk).
+    */
+   png_read_info(png_ptr, info_ptr);
+   if (info_ptr->height > PNG_UINT_32_MAX/(sizeof (png_bytep)))
+      png_error(png_ptr, "Image is too high to process with png_read_png()");
+
+   /* -------------- image transformations start here ------------------- */
+   /* libpng 1.6.10: add code to cause a png_app_error if a selected TRANSFORM
+    * is not implemented.  This will only happen in de-configured (non-default)
+    * libpng builds.  The results can be unexpected - png_read_png may return
+    * short or mal-formed rows because the transform is skipped.
+    */
+
+   /* Tell libpng to strip 16-bit/color files down to 8 bits per color.
+    */
+   if ((transforms & PNG_TRANSFORM_SCALE_16) != 0)
+      /* Added at libpng-1.5.4. "strip_16" produces the same result that it
+       * did in earlier versions, while "scale_16" is now more accurate.
+       */
+#ifdef PNG_READ_SCALE_16_TO_8_SUPPORTED
+      png_set_scale_16(png_ptr);
+#else
+      png_app_error(png_ptr, "PNG_TRANSFORM_SCALE_16 not supported");
+#endif
+
+   /* If both SCALE and STRIP are required pngrtran will effectively cancel the
+    * latter by doing SCALE first.  This is ok and allows apps not to check for
+    * which is supported to get the right answer.
+    */
+   if ((transforms & PNG_TRANSFORM_STRIP_16) != 0)
+#ifdef PNG_READ_STRIP_16_TO_8_SUPPORTED
+      png_set_strip_16(png_ptr);
+#else
+      png_app_error(png_ptr, "PNG_TRANSFORM_STRIP_16 not supported");
+#endif
+
+   /* Strip alpha bytes from the input data without combining with
+    * the background (not recommended).
+    */
+   if ((transforms & PNG_TRANSFORM_STRIP_ALPHA) != 0)
+#ifdef PNG_READ_STRIP_ALPHA_SUPPORTED
+      png_set_strip_alpha(png_ptr);
+#else
+      png_app_error(png_ptr, "PNG_TRANSFORM_STRIP_ALPHA not supported");
+#endif
+
+   /* Extract multiple pixels with bit depths of 1, 2, or 4 from a single
+    * byte into separate bytes (useful for paletted and grayscale images).
+    */
+   if ((transforms & PNG_TRANSFORM_PACKING) != 0)
+#ifdef PNG_READ_PACK_SUPPORTED
+      png_set_packing(png_ptr);
+#else
+      png_app_error(png_ptr, "PNG_TRANSFORM_PACKING not supported");
+#endif
+
+   /* Change the order of packed pixels to least significant bit first
+    * (not useful if you are using png_set_packing).
+    */
+   if ((transforms & PNG_TRANSFORM_PACKSWAP) != 0)
+#ifdef PNG_READ_PACKSWAP_SUPPORTED
+      png_set_packswap(png_ptr);
+#else
+      png_app_error(png_ptr, "PNG_TRANSFORM_PACKSWAP not supported");
+#endif
+
+   /* Expand paletted colors into true RGB triplets
+    * Expand grayscale images to full 8 bits from 1, 2, or 4 bits/pixel
+    * Expand paletted or RGB images with transparency to full alpha
+    * channels so the data will be available as RGBA quartets.
+    */
+   if ((transforms & PNG_TRANSFORM_EXPAND) != 0)
+#ifdef PNG_READ_EXPAND_SUPPORTED
+      png_set_expand(png_ptr);
+#else
+      png_app_error(png_ptr, "PNG_TRANSFORM_EXPAND not supported");
+#endif
+
+   /* We don't handle background color or gamma transformation or quantizing.
+    */
+
+   /* Invert monochrome files to have 0 as white and 1 as black
+    */
+   if ((transforms & PNG_TRANSFORM_INVERT_MONO) != 0)
+#ifdef PNG_READ_INVERT_SUPPORTED
+      png_set_invert_mono(png_ptr);
+#else
+      png_app_error(png_ptr, "PNG_TRANSFORM_INVERT_MONO not supported");
+#endif
+
+   /* If you want to shift the pixel values from the range [0,255] or
+    * [0,65535] to the original [0,7] or [0,31], or whatever range the
+    * colors were originally in:
+    */
+   if ((transforms & PNG_TRANSFORM_SHIFT) != 0)
+#ifdef PNG_READ_SHIFT_SUPPORTED
+      if ((info_ptr->valid & PNG_INFO_sBIT) != 0)
+         png_set_shift(png_ptr, &info_ptr->sig_bit);
+#else
+      png_app_error(png_ptr, "PNG_TRANSFORM_SHIFT not supported");
+#endif
+
+   /* Flip the RGB pixels to BGR (or RGBA to BGRA) */
+   if ((transforms & PNG_TRANSFORM_BGR) != 0)
+#ifdef PNG_READ_BGR_SUPPORTED
+      png_set_bgr(png_ptr);
+#else
+      png_app_error(png_ptr, "PNG_TRANSFORM_BGR not supported");
+#endif
+
+   /* Swap the RGBA or GA data to ARGB or AG (or BGRA to ABGR) */
+   if ((transforms & PNG_TRANSFORM_SWAP_ALPHA) != 0)
+#ifdef PNG_READ_SWAP_ALPHA_SUPPORTED
+      png_set_swap_alpha(png_ptr);
+#else
+      png_app_error(png_ptr, "PNG_TRANSFORM_SWAP_ALPHA not supported");
+#endif
+
+   /* Swap bytes of 16-bit files to least significant byte first */
+   if ((transforms & PNG_TRANSFORM_SWAP_ENDIAN) != 0)
+#ifdef PNG_READ_SWAP_SUPPORTED
+      png_set_swap(png_ptr);
+#else
+      png_app_error(png_ptr, "PNG_TRANSFORM_SWAP_ENDIAN not supported");
+#endif
+
+/* Added at libpng-1.2.41 */
+   /* Invert the alpha channel from opacity to transparency */
+   if ((transforms & PNG_TRANSFORM_INVERT_ALPHA) != 0)
+#ifdef PNG_READ_INVERT_ALPHA_SUPPORTED
+      png_set_invert_alpha(png_ptr);
+#else
+      png_app_error(png_ptr, "PNG_TRANSFORM_INVERT_ALPHA not supported");
+#endif
+
+/* Added at libpng-1.2.41 */
+   /* Expand grayscale image to RGB */
+   if ((transforms & PNG_TRANSFORM_GRAY_TO_RGB) != 0)
+#ifdef PNG_READ_GRAY_TO_RGB_SUPPORTED
+      png_set_gray_to_rgb(png_ptr);
+#else
+      png_app_error(png_ptr, "PNG_TRANSFORM_GRAY_TO_RGB not supported");
+#endif
+
+/* Added at libpng-1.5.4 */
+   if ((transforms & PNG_TRANSFORM_EXPAND_16) != 0)
+#ifdef PNG_READ_EXPAND_16_SUPPORTED
+      png_set_expand_16(png_ptr);
+#else
+      png_app_error(png_ptr, "PNG_TRANSFORM_EXPAND_16 not supported");
+#endif
+
+   /* We don't handle adding filler bytes */
+
+   /* We use png_read_image and rely on that for interlace handling, but we also
+    * call png_read_update_info therefore must turn on interlace handling now:
+    */
+   (void)png_set_interlace_handling(png_ptr);
+
+   /* Optional call to gamma correct and add the background to the palette
+    * and update info structure.  REQUIRED if you are expecting libpng to
+    * update the palette for you (i.e., you selected such a transform above).
+    */
+   png_read_update_info(png_ptr, info_ptr);
+
+   /* -------------- image transformations end here ------------------- */
+
+   png_free_data(png_ptr, info_ptr, PNG_FREE_ROWS, 0);
+   if (info_ptr->row_pointers == NULL)
+   {
+      png_uint_32 iptr;
+
+      info_ptr->row_pointers = png_voidcast(png_bytepp, png_malloc(png_ptr,
+          info_ptr->height * (sizeof (png_bytep))));
+
+      for (iptr=0; iptr<info_ptr->height; iptr++)
+         info_ptr->row_pointers[iptr] = NULL;
+
+      info_ptr->free_me |= PNG_FREE_ROWS;
+
+      for (iptr = 0; iptr < info_ptr->height; iptr++)
+         info_ptr->row_pointers[iptr] = png_voidcast(png_bytep,
+             png_malloc(png_ptr, info_ptr->rowbytes));
+   }
+
+   png_read_image(png_ptr, info_ptr->row_pointers);
+   info_ptr->valid |= PNG_INFO_IDAT;
+
+   /* Read rest of file, and get additional chunks in info_ptr - REQUIRED */
+   png_read_end(png_ptr, info_ptr);
+
+   PNG_UNUSED(params)
+}
+#endif /* INFO_IMAGE */
+#endif /* SEQUENTIAL_READ */
+
+#ifdef PNG_SIMPLIFIED_READ_SUPPORTED
+/* SIMPLIFIED READ
+ *
+ * This code currently relies on the sequential reader, though it could easily
+ * be made to work with the progressive one.
+ */
+/* Arguments to png_image_finish_read: */
+
+/* Encoding of PNG data (used by the color-map code) */
+#  define P_NOTSET  0 /* File encoding not yet known */
+#  define P_sRGB    1 /* 8-bit encoded to sRGB gamma */
+#  define P_LINEAR  2 /* 16-bit linear: not encoded, NOT pre-multiplied! */
+#  define P_FILE    3 /* 8-bit encoded to file gamma, not sRGB or linear */
+#  define P_LINEAR8 4 /* 8-bit linear: only from a file value */
+
+/* Color-map processing: after libpng has run on the PNG image further
+ * processing may be needed to convert the data to color-map indices.
+ */
+#define PNG_CMAP_NONE      0
+#define PNG_CMAP_GA        1 /* Process GA data to a color-map with alpha */
+#define PNG_CMAP_TRANS     2 /* Process GA data to a background index */
+#define PNG_CMAP_RGB       3 /* Process RGB data */
+#define PNG_CMAP_RGB_ALPHA 4 /* Process RGBA data */
+
+/* The following document where the background is for each processing case. */
+#define PNG_CMAP_NONE_BACKGROUND      256
+#define PNG_CMAP_GA_BACKGROUND        231
+#define PNG_CMAP_TRANS_BACKGROUND     254
+#define PNG_CMAP_RGB_BACKGROUND       256
+#define PNG_CMAP_RGB_ALPHA_BACKGROUND 216
+
+typedef struct
+{
+   /* Arguments: */
+   png_imagep image;
+   png_voidp  buffer;
+   png_int_32 row_stride;
+   png_voidp  colormap;
+   png_const_colorp background;
+   /* Local variables: */
+   png_voidp       local_row;
+   png_voidp       first_row;
+   ptrdiff_t       row_bytes;           /* step between rows */
+   int             file_encoding;       /* E_ values above */
+   png_fixed_point gamma_to_linear;     /* For P_FILE, reciprocal of gamma */
+   int             colormap_processing; /* PNG_CMAP_ values above */
+} png_image_read_control;
+
+/* Do all the *safe* initialization - 'safe' means that png_error won't be
+ * called, so setting up the jmp_buf is not required.  This means that anything
+ * called from here must *not* call png_malloc - it has to call png_malloc_warn
+ * instead so that control is returned safely back to this routine.
+ */
+static int
+png_image_read_init(png_imagep image)
+{
+   if (image->opaque == NULL)
+   {
+      png_structp png_ptr = png_create_read_struct(PNG_LIBPNG_VER_STRING, image,
+          png_safe_error, png_safe_warning);
+
+      /* And set the rest of the structure to NULL to ensure that the various
+       * fields are consistent.
+       */
+      memset(image, 0, (sizeof *image));
+      image->version = PNG_IMAGE_VERSION;
+
+      if (png_ptr != NULL)
+      {
+         png_infop info_ptr = png_create_info_struct(png_ptr);
+
+         if (info_ptr != NULL)
+         {
+            png_controlp control = png_voidcast(png_controlp,
+               png_malloc_warn(png_ptr, (sizeof *control)));
+
+            if (control != NULL)
+            {
+               memset(control, 0, (sizeof *control));
+
+               control->png_ptr = png_ptr;
+               control->info_ptr = info_ptr;
+               control->for_write = 0;
+
+               image->opaque = control;
+               return 1;
+            }
+
+            /* Error clean up */
+            png_destroy_info_struct(png_ptr, &info_ptr);
+         }
+
+         png_destroy_read_struct(&png_ptr, NULL, NULL);
+      }
+
+      return png_image_error(image, "png_image_read: out of memory");
+   }
+
+   return png_image_error(image, "png_image_read: opaque pointer not NULL");
+}
+
+/* Utility to find the base format of a PNG file from a png_struct. */
+static png_uint_32
+png_image_format(png_structrp png_ptr)
+{
+   png_uint_32 format = 0;
+
+   if ((png_ptr->color_type & PNG_COLOR_MASK_COLOR) != 0)
+      format |= PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_COLOR;
+
+   if ((png_ptr->color_type & PNG_COLOR_MASK_ALPHA) != 0)
+      format |= PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_ALPHA;
+
+   /* Use png_ptr here, not info_ptr, because by examination png_handle_tRNS
+    * sets the png_struct fields; that's all we are interested in here.  The
+    * precise interaction with an app call to png_set_tRNS and PNG file reading
+    * is unclear.
+    */
+   else if (png_ptr->num_trans > 0)
+      format |= PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_ALPHA;
+
+   if (png_ptr->bit_depth == 16)
+      format |= PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_LINEAR;
+
+   if ((png_ptr->color_type & PNG_COLOR_MASK_PALETTE) != 0)
+      format |= PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_COLORMAP;
+
+   return format;
+}
+
+/* Is the given gamma significantly different from sRGB?  The test is the same
+ * one used in pngrtran.c when deciding whether to do gamma correction.  The
+ * arithmetic optimizes the division by using the fact that the inverse of the
+ * file sRGB gamma is 2.2
+ */
+static int
+png_gamma_not_sRGB(png_fixed_point g)
+{
+   if (g < PNG_FP_1)
+   {
+      /* An uninitialized gamma is assumed to be sRGB for the simplified API. */
+      if (g == 0)
+         return 0;
+
+      return png_gamma_significant((g * 11 + 2)/5 /* i.e. *2.2, rounded */);
+   }
+
+   return 1;
+}
+
+/* Do the main body of a 'png_image_begin_read' function; read the PNG file
+ * header and fill in all the information.  This is executed in a safe context,
+ * unlike the init routine above.
+ */
+static int
+png_image_read_header(png_voidp argument)
+{
+   png_imagep image = png_voidcast(png_imagep, argument);
+   png_structrp png_ptr = image->opaque->png_ptr;
+   png_inforp info_ptr = image->opaque->info_ptr;
+
+   png_set_benign_errors(png_ptr, 1/*warn*/);
+   png_read_info(png_ptr, info_ptr);
+
+   /* Do this the fast way; just read directly out of png_struct. */
+   image->width = png_ptr->width;
+   image->height = png_ptr->height;
+
+   {
+      png_uint_32 format = png_image_format(png_ptr);
+
+      image->format = format;
+
+#ifdef PNG_COLORSPACE_SUPPORTED
+      /* Does the colorspace match sRGB?  If there is no color endpoint
+       * (colorant) information assume yes, otherwise require the
+       * 'ENDPOINTS_MATCHP_sRGB' colorspace flag to have been set.  If the
+       * colorspace has been determined to be invalid ignore it.
+       */
+      if ((format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_COLOR) != 0 && ((png_ptr->colorspace.flags
+         & (PNG_COLORSPACE_HAVE_ENDPOINTS|PNG_COLORSPACE_ENDPOINTS_MATCH_sRGB|
+            PNG_COLORSPACE_INVALID)) == PNG_COLORSPACE_HAVE_ENDPOINTS))
+         image->flags |= PNG_IMAGE_FLAG_COLORSPACE_NOT_sRGB;
+#endif
+   }
+
+   /* We need the maximum number of entries regardless of the format the
+    * application sets here.
+    */
+   {
+      png_uint_32 cmap_entries;
+
+      switch (png_ptr->color_type)
+      {
+         case PNG_COLOR_TYPE_GRAY:
+            cmap_entries = 1U << png_ptr->bit_depth;
+            break;
+
+         case PNG_COLOR_TYPE_PALETTE:
+            cmap_entries = png_ptr->num_palette;
+            break;
+
+         default:
+            cmap_entries = 256;
+            break;
+      }
+
+      if (cmap_entries > 256)
+         cmap_entries = 256;
+
+      image->colormap_entries = cmap_entries;
+   }
+
+   return 1;
+}
+
+#ifdef PNG_STDIO_SUPPORTED
+int PNGAPI
+png_image_begin_read_from_stdio(png_imagep image, FILE* file)
+{
+   if (image != NULL && image->version == PNG_IMAGE_VERSION)
+   {
+      if (file != NULL)
+      {
+         if (png_image_read_init(image) != 0)
+         {
+            /* This is slightly evil, but png_init_io doesn't do anything other
+             * than this and we haven't changed the standard IO functions so
+             * this saves a 'safe' function.
+             */
+            image->opaque->png_ptr->io_ptr = file;
+            return png_safe_execute(image, png_image_read_header, image);
+         }
+      }
+
+      else
+         return png_image_error(image,
+            "png_image_begin_read_from_stdio: invalid argument");
+   }
+
+   else if (image != NULL)
+      return png_image_error(image,
+         "png_image_begin_read_from_stdio: incorrect PNG_IMAGE_VERSION");
+
+   return 0;
+}
+
+int PNGAPI
+png_image_begin_read_from_file(png_imagep image, const char *file_name)
+{
+   if (image != NULL && image->version == PNG_IMAGE_VERSION)
+   {
+      if (file_name != NULL)
+      {
+         FILE *fp = fopen(file_name, "rb");
+
+         if (fp != NULL)
+         {
+            if (png_image_read_init(image) != 0)
+            {
+               image->opaque->png_ptr->io_ptr = fp;
+               image->opaque->owned_file = 1;
+               return png_safe_execute(image, png_image_read_header, image);
+            }
+
+            /* Clean up: just the opened file. */
+            (void)fclose(fp);
+         }
+
+         else
+            return png_image_error(image, strerror(errno));
+      }
+
+      else
+         return png_image_error(image,
+            "png_image_begin_read_from_file: invalid argument");
+   }
+
+   else if (image != NULL)
+      return png_image_error(image,
+         "png_image_begin_read_from_file: incorrect PNG_IMAGE_VERSION");
+
+   return 0;
+}
+#endif /* STDIO */
+
+static void PNGCBAPI
+png_image_memory_read(png_structp png_ptr, png_bytep out, png_size_t need)
+{
+   if (png_ptr != NULL)
+   {
+      png_imagep image = png_voidcast(png_imagep, png_ptr->io_ptr);
+      if (image != NULL)
+      {
+         png_controlp cp = image->opaque;
+         if (cp != NULL)
+         {
+            png_const_bytep memory = cp->memory;
+            png_size_t size = cp->size;
+
+            if (memory != NULL && size >= need)
+            {
+               memcpy(out, memory, need);
+               cp->memory = memory + need;
+               cp->size = size - need;
+               return;
+            }
+
+            png_error(png_ptr, "read beyond end of data");
+         }
+      }
+
+      png_error(png_ptr, "invalid memory read");
+   }
+}
+
+int PNGAPI png_image_begin_read_from_memory(png_imagep image,
+   png_const_voidp memory, png_size_t size)
+{
+   if (image != NULL && image->version == PNG_IMAGE_VERSION)
+   {
+      if (memory != NULL && size > 0)
+      {
+         if (png_image_read_init(image) != 0)
+         {
+            /* Now set the IO functions to read from the memory buffer and
+             * store it into io_ptr.  Again do this in-place to avoid calling a
+             * libpng function that requires error handling.
+             */
+            image->opaque->memory = png_voidcast(png_const_bytep, memory);
+            image->opaque->size = size;
+            image->opaque->png_ptr->io_ptr = image;
+            image->opaque->png_ptr->read_data_fn = png_image_memory_read;
+
+            return png_safe_execute(image, png_image_read_header, image);
+         }
+      }
+
+      else
+         return png_image_error(image,
+            "png_image_begin_read_from_memory: invalid argument");
+   }
+
+   else if (image != NULL)
+      return png_image_error(image,
+         "png_image_begin_read_from_memory: incorrect PNG_IMAGE_VERSION");
+
+   return 0;
+}
+
+/* Utility function to skip chunks that are not used by the simplified image
+ * read functions and an appropriate macro to call it.
+ */
+#ifdef PNG_HANDLE_AS_UNKNOWN_SUPPORTED
+static void
+png_image_skip_unused_chunks(png_structrp png_ptr)
+{
+   /* Prepare the reader to ignore all recognized chunks whose data will not
+    * be used, i.e., all chunks recognized by libpng except for those
+    * involved in basic image reading:
+    *
+    *    IHDR, PLTE, IDAT, IEND
+    *
+    * Or image data handling:
+    *
+    *    tRNS, bKGD, gAMA, cHRM, sRGB, [iCCP] and sBIT.
+    *
+    * This provides a small performance improvement and eliminates any
+    * potential vulnerability to security problems in the unused chunks.
+    *
+    * At present the iCCP chunk data isn't used, so iCCP chunk can be ignored
+    * too.  This allows the simplified API to be compiled without iCCP support,
+    * however if the support is there the chunk is still checked to detect
+    * errors (which are unfortunately quite common.)
+    */
+   {
+         static PNG_CONST png_byte chunks_to_process[] = {
+            98,  75,  71,  68, '\0',  /* bKGD */
+            99,  72,  82,  77, '\0',  /* cHRM */
+           103,  65,  77,  65, '\0',  /* gAMA */
+#        ifdef PNG_READ_iCCP_SUPPORTED
+           105,  67,  67,  80, '\0',  /* iCCP */
+#        endif
+           115,  66,  73,  84, '\0',  /* sBIT */
+           115,  82,  71,  66, '\0',  /* sRGB */
+           };
+
+       /* Ignore unknown chunks and all other chunks except for the
+        * IHDR, PLTE, tRNS, IDAT, and IEND chunks.
+        */
+       png_set_keep_unknown_chunks(png_ptr, PNG_HANDLE_CHUNK_NEVER,
+         NULL, -1);
+
+       /* But do not ignore image data handling chunks */
+       png_set_keep_unknown_chunks(png_ptr, PNG_HANDLE_CHUNK_AS_DEFAULT,
+         chunks_to_process, (int)/*SAFE*/(sizeof chunks_to_process)/5);
+    }
+}
+
+#  define PNG_SKIP_CHUNKS(p) png_image_skip_unused_chunks(p)
+#else
+#  define PNG_SKIP_CHUNKS(p) ((void)0)
+#endif /* HANDLE_AS_UNKNOWN */
+
+/* The following macro gives the exact rounded answer for all values in the
+ * range 0..255 (it actually divides by 51.2, but the rounding still generates
+ * the correct numbers 0..5
+ */
+#define PNG_DIV51(v8) (((v8) * 5 + 130) >> 8)
+
+/* Utility functions to make particular color-maps */
+static void
+set_file_encoding(png_image_read_control *display)
+{
+   png_fixed_point g = display->image->opaque->png_ptr->colorspace.gamma;
+   if (png_gamma_significant(g) != 0)
+   {
+      if (png_gamma_not_sRGB(g) != 0)
+      {
+         display->file_encoding = P_FILE;
+         display->gamma_to_linear = png_reciprocal(g);
+      }
+
+      else
+         display->file_encoding = P_sRGB;
+   }
+
+   else
+      display->file_encoding = P_LINEAR8;
+}
+
+static unsigned int
+decode_gamma(png_image_read_control *display, png_uint_32 value, int encoding)
+{
+   if (encoding == P_FILE) /* double check */
+      encoding = display->file_encoding;
+
+   if (encoding == P_NOTSET) /* must be the file encoding */
+   {
+      set_file_encoding(display);
+      encoding = display->file_encoding;
+   }
+
+   switch (encoding)
+   {
+      case P_FILE:
+         value = png_gamma_16bit_correct(value*257, display->gamma_to_linear);
+         break;
+
+      case P_sRGB:
+         value = png_sRGB_table[value];
+         break;
+
+      case P_LINEAR:
+         break;
+
+      case P_LINEAR8:
+         value *= 257;
+         break;
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+      default:
+         png_error(display->image->opaque->png_ptr,
+            "unexpected encoding (internal error)");
+#endif
+   }
+
+   return value;
+}
+
+static png_uint_32
+png_colormap_compose(png_image_read_control *display,
+   png_uint_32 foreground, int foreground_encoding, png_uint_32 alpha,
+   png_uint_32 background, int encoding)
+{
+   /* The file value is composed on the background, the background has the given
+    * encoding and so does the result, the file is encoded with P_FILE and the
+    * file and alpha are 8-bit values.  The (output) encoding will always be
+    * P_LINEAR or P_sRGB.
+    */
+   png_uint_32 f = decode_gamma(display, foreground, foreground_encoding);
+   png_uint_32 b = decode_gamma(display, background, encoding);
+
+   /* The alpha is always an 8-bit value (it comes from the palette), the value
+    * scaled by 255 is what PNG_sRGB_FROM_LINEAR requires.
+    */
+   f = f * alpha + b * (255-alpha);
+
+   if (encoding == P_LINEAR)
+   {
+      /* Scale to 65535; divide by 255, approximately (in fact this is extremely
+       * accurate, it divides by 255.00000005937181414556, with no overflow.)
+       */
+      f *= 257; /* Now scaled by 65535 */
+      f += f >> 16;
+      f = (f+32768) >> 16;
+   }
+
+   else /* P_sRGB */
+      f = PNG_sRGB_FROM_LINEAR(f);
+
+   return f;
+}
+
+/* NOTE: P_LINEAR values to this routine must be 16-bit, but P_FILE values must
+ * be 8-bit.
+ */
+static void
+png_create_colormap_entry(png_image_read_control *display,
+   png_uint_32 ip, png_uint_32 red, png_uint_32 green, png_uint_32 blue,
+   png_uint_32 alpha, int encoding)
+{
+   png_imagep image = display->image;
+   const int output_encoding = (image->format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_LINEAR) != 0 ?
+      P_LINEAR : P_sRGB;
+   const int convert_to_Y = (image->format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_COLOR) == 0 &&
+      (red != green || green != blue);
+
+   if (ip > 255)
+      png_error(image->opaque->png_ptr, "color-map index out of range");
+
+   /* Update the cache with whether the file gamma is significantly different
+    * from sRGB.
+    */
+   if (encoding == P_FILE)
+   {
+      if (display->file_encoding == P_NOTSET)
+         set_file_encoding(display);
+
+      /* Note that the cached value may be P_FILE too, but if it is then the
+       * gamma_to_linear member has been set.
+       */
+      encoding = display->file_encoding;
+   }
+
+   if (encoding == P_FILE)
+   {
+      png_fixed_point g = display->gamma_to_linear;
+
+      red = png_gamma_16bit_correct(red*257, g);
+      green = png_gamma_16bit_correct(green*257, g);
+      blue = png_gamma_16bit_correct(blue*257, g);
+
+      if (convert_to_Y != 0 || output_encoding == P_LINEAR)
+      {
+         alpha *= 257;
+         encoding = P_LINEAR;
+      }
+
+      else
+      {
+         red = PNG_sRGB_FROM_LINEAR(red * 255);
+         green = PNG_sRGB_FROM_LINEAR(green * 255);
+         blue = PNG_sRGB_FROM_LINEAR(blue * 255);
+         encoding = P_sRGB;
+      }
+   }
+
+   else if (encoding == P_LINEAR8)
+   {
+      /* This encoding occurs quite frequently in test cases because PngSuite
+       * includes a gAMA 1.0 chunk with most images.
+       */
+      red *= 257;
+      green *= 257;
+      blue *= 257;
+      alpha *= 257;
+      encoding = P_LINEAR;
+   }
+
+   else if (encoding == P_sRGB &&
+       (convert_to_Y  != 0 || output_encoding == P_LINEAR))
+   {
+      /* The values are 8-bit sRGB values, but must be converted to 16-bit
+       * linear.
+       */
+      red = png_sRGB_table[red];
+      green = png_sRGB_table[green];
+      blue = png_sRGB_table[blue];
+      alpha *= 257;
+      encoding = P_LINEAR;
+   }
+
+   /* This is set if the color isn't gray but the output is. */
+   if (encoding == P_LINEAR)
+   {
+      if (convert_to_Y != 0)
+      {
+         /* NOTE: these values are copied from png_do_rgb_to_gray */
+         png_uint_32 y = (png_uint_32)6968 * red  + (png_uint_32)23434 * green +
+            (png_uint_32)2366 * blue;
+
+         if (output_encoding == P_LINEAR)
+            y = (y + 16384) >> 15;
+
+         else
+         {
+            /* y is scaled by 32768, we need it scaled by 255: */
+            y = (y + 128) >> 8;
+            y *= 255;
+            y = PNG_sRGB_FROM_LINEAR((y + 64) >> 7);
+            alpha = PNG_DIV257(alpha);
+            encoding = P_sRGB;
+         }
+
+         blue = red = green = y;
+      }
+
+      else if (output_encoding == P_sRGB)
+      {
+         red = PNG_sRGB_FROM_LINEAR(red * 255);
+         green = PNG_sRGB_FROM_LINEAR(green * 255);
+         blue = PNG_sRGB_FROM_LINEAR(blue * 255);
+         alpha = PNG_DIV257(alpha);
+         encoding = P_sRGB;
+      }
+   }
+
+   if (encoding != output_encoding)
+      png_error(image->opaque->png_ptr, "bad encoding (internal error)");
+
+   /* Store the value. */
+   {
+#     ifdef PNG_FORMAT_AFIRST_SUPPORTED
+         const int afirst = (image->format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_AFIRST) != 0 &&
+            (image->format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_ALPHA) != 0;
+#     else
+#        define afirst 0
+#     endif
+#     ifdef PNG_FORMAT_BGR_SUPPORTED
+         const int bgr = (image->format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_BGR) != 0 ? 2 : 0;
+#     else
+#        define bgr 0
+#     endif
+
+      if (output_encoding == P_LINEAR)
+      {
+         png_uint_16p entry = png_voidcast(png_uint_16p, display->colormap);
+
+         entry += ip * PNG_IMAGE_SAMPLE_CHANNELS(image->format);
+
+         /* The linear 16-bit values must be pre-multiplied by the alpha channel
+          * value, if less than 65535 (this is, effectively, composite on black
+          * if the alpha channel is removed.)
+          */
+         switch (PNG_IMAGE_SAMPLE_CHANNELS(image->format))
+         {
+            case 4:
+               entry[afirst ? 0 : 3] = (png_uint_16)alpha;
+               /* FALL THROUGH */
+
+            case 3:
+               if (alpha < 65535)
+               {
+                  if (alpha > 0)
+                  {
+                     blue = (blue * alpha + 32767U)/65535U;
+                     green = (green * alpha + 32767U)/65535U;
+                     red = (red * alpha + 32767U)/65535U;
+                  }
+
+                  else
+                     red = green = blue = 0;
+               }
+               entry[afirst + (2 ^ bgr)] = (png_uint_16)blue;
+               entry[afirst + 1] = (png_uint_16)green;
+               entry[afirst + bgr] = (png_uint_16)red;
+               break;
+
+            case 2:
+               entry[1 ^ afirst] = (png_uint_16)alpha;
+               /* FALL THROUGH */
+
+            case 1:
+               if (alpha < 65535)
+               {
+                  if (alpha > 0)
+                     green = (green * alpha + 32767U)/65535U;
+
+                  else
+                     green = 0;
+               }
+               entry[afirst] = (png_uint_16)green;
+               break;
+
+            default:
+               break;
+         }
+      }
+
+      else /* output encoding is P_sRGB */
+      {
+         png_bytep entry = png_voidcast(png_bytep, display->colormap);
+
+         entry += ip * PNG_IMAGE_SAMPLE_CHANNELS(image->format);
+
+         switch (PNG_IMAGE_SAMPLE_CHANNELS(image->format))
+         {
+            case 4:
+               entry[afirst ? 0 : 3] = (png_byte)alpha;
+            case 3:
+               entry[afirst + (2 ^ bgr)] = (png_byte)blue;
+               entry[afirst + 1] = (png_byte)green;
+               entry[afirst + bgr] = (png_byte)red;
+               break;
+
+            case 2:
+               entry[1 ^ afirst] = (png_byte)alpha;
+            case 1:
+               entry[afirst] = (png_byte)green;
+               break;
+
+            default:
+               break;
+         }
+      }
+
+#     ifdef afirst
+#        undef afirst
+#     endif
+#     ifdef bgr
+#        undef bgr
+#     endif
+   }
+}
+
+static int
+make_gray_file_colormap(png_image_read_control *display)
+{
+   unsigned int i;
+
+   for (i=0; i<256; ++i)
+      png_create_colormap_entry(display, i, i, i, i, 255, P_FILE);
+
+   return i;
+}
+
+static int
+make_gray_colormap(png_image_read_control *display)
+{
+   unsigned int i;
+
+   for (i=0; i<256; ++i)
+      png_create_colormap_entry(display, i, i, i, i, 255, P_sRGB);
+
+   return i;
+}
+#define PNG_GRAY_COLORMAP_ENTRIES 256
+
+static int
+make_ga_colormap(png_image_read_control *display)
+{
+   unsigned int i, a;
+
+   /* Alpha is retained, the output will be a color-map with entries
+    * selected by six levels of alpha.  One transparent entry, 6 gray
+    * levels for all the intermediate alpha values, leaving 230 entries
+    * for the opaque grays.  The color-map entries are the six values
+    * [0..5]*51, the GA processing uses PNG_DIV51(value) to find the
+    * relevant entry.
+    *
+    * if (alpha > 229) // opaque
+    * {
+    *    // The 231 entries are selected to make the math below work:
+    *    base = 0;
+    *    entry = (231 * gray + 128) >> 8;
+    * }
+    * else if (alpha < 26) // transparent
+    * {
+    *    base = 231;
+    *    entry = 0;
+    * }
+    * else // partially opaque
+    * {
+    *    base = 226 + 6 * PNG_DIV51(alpha);
+    *    entry = PNG_DIV51(gray);
+    * }
+    */
+   i = 0;
+   while (i < 231)
+   {
+      unsigned int gray = (i * 256 + 115) / 231;
+      png_create_colormap_entry(display, i++, gray, gray, gray, 255, P_sRGB);
+   }
+
+   /* 255 is used here for the component values for consistency with the code
+    * that undoes premultiplication in pngwrite.c.
+    */
+   png_create_colormap_entry(display, i++, 255, 255, 255, 0, P_sRGB);
+
+   for (a=1; a<5; ++a)
+   {
+      unsigned int g;
+
+      for (g=0; g<6; ++g)
+         png_create_colormap_entry(display, i++, g*51, g*51, g*51, a*51,
+            P_sRGB);
+   }
+
+   return i;
+}
+
+#define PNG_GA_COLORMAP_ENTRIES 256
+
+static int
+make_rgb_colormap(png_image_read_control *display)
+{
+   unsigned int i, r;
+
+   /* Build a 6x6x6 opaque RGB cube */
+   for (i=r=0; r<6; ++r)
+   {
+      unsigned int g;
+
+      for (g=0; g<6; ++g)
+      {
+         unsigned int b;
+
+         for (b=0; b<6; ++b)
+            png_create_colormap_entry(display, i++, r*51, g*51, b*51, 255,
+               P_sRGB);
+      }
+   }
+
+   return i;
+}
+
+#define PNG_RGB_COLORMAP_ENTRIES 216
+
+/* Return a palette index to the above palette given three 8-bit sRGB values. */
+#define PNG_RGB_INDEX(r,g,b) \
+   ((png_byte)(6 * (6 * PNG_DIV51(r) + PNG_DIV51(g)) + PNG_DIV51(b)))
+
+static int
+png_image_read_colormap(png_voidp argument)
+{
+   png_image_read_control *display =
+      png_voidcast(png_image_read_control*, argument);
+   const png_imagep image = display->image;
+
+   const png_structrp png_ptr = image->opaque->png_ptr;
+   const png_uint_32 output_format = image->format;
+   const int output_encoding = (output_format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_LINEAR) != 0 ?
+      P_LINEAR : P_sRGB;
+
+   unsigned int cmap_entries;
+   unsigned int output_processing;        /* Output processing option */
+   unsigned int data_encoding = P_NOTSET; /* Encoding libpng must produce */
+
+   /* Background information; the background color and the index of this color
+    * in the color-map if it exists (else 256).
+    */
+   unsigned int background_index = 256;
+   png_uint_32 back_r, back_g, back_b;
+
+   /* Flags to accumulate things that need to be done to the input. */
+   int expand_tRNS = 0;
+
+   /* Exclude the NYI feature of compositing onto a color-mapped buffer; it is
+    * very difficult to do, the results look awful, and it is difficult to see
+    * what possible use it is because the application can't control the
+    * color-map.
+    */
+   if (((png_ptr->color_type & PNG_COLOR_MASK_ALPHA) != 0 ||
+         png_ptr->num_trans > 0) /* alpha in input */ &&
+      ((output_format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_ALPHA) == 0) /* no alpha in output */)
+   {
+      if (output_encoding == P_LINEAR) /* compose on black */
+         back_b = back_g = back_r = 0;
+
+      else if (display->background == NULL /* no way to remove it */)
+         png_error(png_ptr,
+            "a background color must be supplied to remove alpha/transparency");
+
+      /* Get a copy of the background color (this avoids repeating the checks
+       * below.)  The encoding is 8-bit sRGB or 16-bit linear, depending on the
+       * output format.
+       */
+      else
+      {
+         back_g = display->background->green;
+         if ((output_format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_COLOR) != 0)
+         {
+            back_r = display->background->red;
+            back_b = display->background->blue;
+         }
+         else
+            back_b = back_r = back_g;
+      }
+   }
+
+   else if (output_encoding == P_LINEAR)
+      back_b = back_r = back_g = 65535;
+
+   else
+      back_b = back_r = back_g = 255;
+
+   /* Default the input file gamma if required - this is necessary because
+    * libpng assumes that if no gamma information is present the data is in the
+    * output format, but the simplified API deduces the gamma from the input
+    * format.
+    */
+   if ((png_ptr->colorspace.flags & PNG_COLORSPACE_HAVE_GAMMA) == 0)
+   {
+      /* Do this directly, not using the png_colorspace functions, to ensure
+       * that it happens even if the colorspace is invalid (though probably if
+       * it is the setting will be ignored)  Note that the same thing can be
+       * achieved at the application interface with png_set_gAMA.
+       */
+      if (png_ptr->bit_depth == 16 &&
+         (image->flags & PNG_IMAGE_FLAG_16BIT_sRGB) == 0)
+         png_ptr->colorspace.gamma = PNG_GAMMA_LINEAR;
+
+      else
+         png_ptr->colorspace.gamma = PNG_GAMMA_sRGB_INVERSE;
+
+      png_ptr->colorspace.flags |= PNG_COLORSPACE_HAVE_GAMMA;
+   }
+
+   /* Decide what to do based on the PNG color type of the input data.  The
+    * utility function png_create_colormap_entry deals with most aspects of the
+    * output transformations; this code works out how to produce bytes of
+    * color-map entries from the original format.
+    */
+   switch (png_ptr->color_type)
+   {
+      case PNG_COLOR_TYPE_GRAY:
+         if (png_ptr->bit_depth <= 8)
+         {
+            /* There at most 256 colors in the output, regardless of
+             * transparency.
+             */
+            unsigned int step, i, val, trans = 256/*ignore*/, back_alpha = 0;
+
+            cmap_entries = 1U << png_ptr->bit_depth;
+            if (cmap_entries > image->colormap_entries)
+               png_error(png_ptr, "gray[8] color-map: too few entries");
+
+            step = 255 / (cmap_entries - 1);
+            output_processing = PNG_CMAP_NONE;
+
+            /* If there is a tRNS chunk then this either selects a transparent
+             * value or, if the output has no alpha, the background color.
+             */
+            if (png_ptr->num_trans > 0)
+            {
+               trans = png_ptr->trans_color.gray;
+
+               if ((output_format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_ALPHA) == 0)
+                  back_alpha = output_encoding == P_LINEAR ? 65535 : 255;
+            }
+
+            /* png_create_colormap_entry just takes an RGBA and writes the
+             * corresponding color-map entry using the format from 'image',
+             * including the required conversion to sRGB or linear as
+             * appropriate.  The input values are always either sRGB (if the
+             * gamma correction flag is 0) or 0..255 scaled file encoded values
+             * (if the function must gamma correct them).
+             */
+            for (i=val=0; i<cmap_entries; ++i, val += step)
+            {
+               /* 'i' is a file value.  While this will result in duplicated
+                * entries for 8-bit non-sRGB encoded files it is necessary to
+                * have non-gamma corrected values to do tRNS handling.
+                */
+               if (i != trans)
+                  png_create_colormap_entry(display, i, val, val, val, 255,
+                     P_FILE/*8-bit with file gamma*/);
+
+               /* Else this entry is transparent.  The colors don't matter if
+                * there is an alpha channel (back_alpha == 0), but it does no
+                * harm to pass them in; the values are not set above so this
+                * passes in white.
+                *
+                * NOTE: this preserves the full precision of the application
+                * supplied background color when it is used.
+                */
+               else
+                  png_create_colormap_entry(display, i, back_r, back_g, back_b,
+                     back_alpha, output_encoding);
+            }
+
+            /* We need libpng to preserve the original encoding. */
+            data_encoding = P_FILE;
+
+            /* The rows from libpng, while technically gray values, are now also
+             * color-map indices; however, they may need to be expanded to 1
+             * byte per pixel.  This is what png_set_packing does (i.e., it
+             * unpacks the bit values into bytes.)
+             */
+            if (png_ptr->bit_depth < 8)
+               png_set_packing(png_ptr);
+         }
+
+         else /* bit depth is 16 */
+         {
+            /* The 16-bit input values can be converted directly to 8-bit gamma
+             * encoded values; however, if a tRNS chunk is present 257 color-map
+             * entries are required.  This means that the extra entry requires
+             * special processing; add an alpha channel, sacrifice gray level
+             * 254 and convert transparent (alpha==0) entries to that.
+             *
+             * Use libpng to chop the data to 8 bits.  Convert it to sRGB at the
+             * same time to minimize quality loss.  If a tRNS chunk is present
+             * this means libpng must handle it too; otherwise it is impossible
+             * to do the exact match on the 16-bit value.
+             *
+             * If the output has no alpha channel *and* the background color is
+             * gray then it is possible to let libpng handle the substitution by
+             * ensuring that the corresponding gray level matches the background
+             * color exactly.
+             */
+            data_encoding = P_sRGB;
+
+            if (PNG_GRAY_COLORMAP_ENTRIES > image->colormap_entries)
+               png_error(png_ptr, "gray[16] color-map: too few entries");
+
+            cmap_entries = make_gray_colormap(display);
+
+            if (png_ptr->num_trans > 0)
+            {
+               unsigned int back_alpha;
+
+               if ((output_format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_ALPHA) != 0)
+                  back_alpha = 0;
+
+               else
+               {
+                  if (back_r == back_g && back_g == back_b)
+                  {
+                     /* Background is gray; no special processing will be
+                      * required.
+                      */
+                     png_color_16 c;
+                     png_uint_32 gray = back_g;
+
+                     if (output_encoding == P_LINEAR)
+                     {
+                        gray = PNG_sRGB_FROM_LINEAR(gray * 255);
+
+                        /* And make sure the corresponding palette entry
+                         * matches.
+                         */
+                        png_create_colormap_entry(display, gray, back_g, back_g,
+                           back_g, 65535, P_LINEAR);
+                     }
+
+                     /* The background passed to libpng, however, must be the
+                      * sRGB value.
+                      */
+                     c.index = 0; /*unused*/
+                     c.gray = c.red = c.green = c.blue = (png_uint_16)gray;
+
+                     /* NOTE: does this work without expanding tRNS to alpha?
+                      * It should be the color->gray case below apparently
+                      * doesn't.
+                      */
+                     png_set_background_fixed(png_ptr, &c,
+                        PNG_BACKGROUND_GAMMA_SCREEN, 0/*need_expand*/,
+                        0/*gamma: not used*/);
+
+                     output_processing = PNG_CMAP_NONE;
+                     break;
+                  }
+#ifdef __COVERITY__
+                 /* Coverity claims that output_encoding cannot be 2 (P_LINEAR)
+                  * here.
+                  */
+                  back_alpha = 255;
+#else
+                  back_alpha = output_encoding == P_LINEAR ? 65535 : 255;
+#endif
+               }
+
+               /* output_processing means that the libpng-processed row will be
+                * 8-bit GA and it has to be processing to single byte color-map
+                * values.  Entry 254 is replaced by either a completely
+                * transparent entry or by the background color at full
+                * precision (and the background color is not a simple gray
+                * level in this case.)
+                */
+               expand_tRNS = 1;
+               output_processing = PNG_CMAP_TRANS;
+               background_index = 254;
+
+               /* And set (overwrite) color-map entry 254 to the actual
+                * background color at full precision.
+                */
+               png_create_colormap_entry(display, 254, back_r, back_g, back_b,
+                  back_alpha, output_encoding);
+            }
+
+            else
+               output_processing = PNG_CMAP_NONE;
+         }
+         break;
+
+      case PNG_COLOR_TYPE_GRAY_ALPHA:
+         /* 8-bit or 16-bit PNG with two channels - gray and alpha.  A minimum
+          * of 65536 combinations.  If, however, the alpha channel is to be
+          * removed there are only 256 possibilities if the background is gray.
+          * (Otherwise there is a subset of the 65536 possibilities defined by
+          * the triangle between black, white and the background color.)
+          *
+          * Reduce 16-bit files to 8-bit and sRGB encode the result.  No need to
+          * worry about tRNS matching - tRNS is ignored if there is an alpha
+          * channel.
+          */
+         data_encoding = P_sRGB;
+
+         if ((output_format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_ALPHA) != 0)
+         {
+            if (PNG_GA_COLORMAP_ENTRIES > image->colormap_entries)
+               png_error(png_ptr, "gray+alpha color-map: too few entries");
+
+            cmap_entries = make_ga_colormap(display);
+
+            background_index = PNG_CMAP_GA_BACKGROUND;
+            output_processing = PNG_CMAP_GA;
+         }
+
+         else /* alpha is removed */
+         {
+            /* Alpha must be removed as the PNG data is processed when the
+             * background is a color because the G and A channels are
+             * independent and the vector addition (non-parallel vectors) is a
+             * 2-D problem.
+             *
+             * This can be reduced to the same algorithm as above by making a
+             * colormap containing gray levels (for the opaque grays), a
+             * background entry (for a transparent pixel) and a set of four six
+             * level color values, one set for each intermediate alpha value.
+             * See the comments in make_ga_colormap for how this works in the
+             * per-pixel processing.
+             *
+             * If the background is gray, however, we only need a 256 entry gray
+             * level color map.  It is sufficient to make the entry generated
+             * for the background color be exactly the color specified.
+             */
+            if ((output_format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_COLOR) == 0 ||
+               (back_r == back_g && back_g == back_b))
+            {
+               /* Background is gray; no special processing will be required. */
+               png_color_16 c;
+               png_uint_32 gray = back_g;
+
+               if (PNG_GRAY_COLORMAP_ENTRIES > image->colormap_entries)
+                  png_error(png_ptr, "gray-alpha color-map: too few entries");
+
+               cmap_entries = make_gray_colormap(display);
+
+               if (output_encoding == P_LINEAR)
+               {
+                  gray = PNG_sRGB_FROM_LINEAR(gray * 255);
+
+                  /* And make sure the corresponding palette entry matches. */
+                  png_create_colormap_entry(display, gray, back_g, back_g,
+                     back_g, 65535, P_LINEAR);
+               }
+
+               /* The background passed to libpng, however, must be the sRGB
+                * value.
+                */
+               c.index = 0; /*unused*/
+               c.gray = c.red = c.green = c.blue = (png_uint_16)gray;
+
+               png_set_background_fixed(png_ptr, &c,
+                  PNG_BACKGROUND_GAMMA_SCREEN, 0/*need_expand*/,
+                  0/*gamma: not used*/);
+
+               output_processing = PNG_CMAP_NONE;
+            }
+
+            else
+            {
+               png_uint_32 i, a;
+
+               /* This is the same as png_make_ga_colormap, above, except that
+                * the entries are all opaque.
+                */
+               if (PNG_GA_COLORMAP_ENTRIES > image->colormap_entries)
+                  png_error(png_ptr, "ga-alpha color-map: too few entries");
+
+               i = 0;
+               while (i < 231)
+               {
+                  png_uint_32 gray = (i * 256 + 115) / 231;
+                  png_create_colormap_entry(display, i++, gray, gray, gray,
+                     255, P_sRGB);
+               }
+
+               /* NOTE: this preserves the full precision of the application
+                * background color.
+                */
+               background_index = i;
+               png_create_colormap_entry(display, i++, back_r, back_g, back_b,
+#ifdef __COVERITY__
+                 /* Coverity claims that output_encoding cannot be 2 (P_LINEAR)
+                  * here.
+                  */ 255U,
+#else
+                  output_encoding == P_LINEAR ? 65535U : 255U,
+#endif
+                  output_encoding);
+
+               /* For non-opaque input composite on the sRGB background - this
+                * requires inverting the encoding for each component.  The input
+                * is still converted to the sRGB encoding because this is a
+                * reasonable approximate to the logarithmic curve of human
+                * visual sensitivity, at least over the narrow range which PNG
+                * represents.  Consequently 'G' is always sRGB encoded, while
+                * 'A' is linear.  We need the linear background colors.
+                */
+               if (output_encoding == P_sRGB) /* else already linear */
+               {
+                  /* This may produce a value not exactly matching the
+                   * background, but that's ok because these numbers are only
+                   * used when alpha != 0
+                   */
+                  back_r = png_sRGB_table[back_r];
+                  back_g = png_sRGB_table[back_g];
+                  back_b = png_sRGB_table[back_b];
+               }
+
+               for (a=1; a<5; ++a)
+               {
+                  unsigned int g;
+
+                  /* PNG_sRGB_FROM_LINEAR expects a 16-bit linear value scaled
+                   * by an 8-bit alpha value (0..255).
+                   */
+                  png_uint_32 alpha = 51 * a;
+                  png_uint_32 back_rx = (255-alpha) * back_r;
+                  png_uint_32 back_gx = (255-alpha) * back_g;
+                  png_uint_32 back_bx = (255-alpha) * back_b;
+
+                  for (g=0; g<6; ++g)
+                  {
+                     png_uint_32 gray = png_sRGB_table[g*51] * alpha;
+
+                     png_create_colormap_entry(display, i++,
+                        PNG_sRGB_FROM_LINEAR(gray + back_rx),
+                        PNG_sRGB_FROM_LINEAR(gray + back_gx),
+                        PNG_sRGB_FROM_LINEAR(gray + back_bx), 255, P_sRGB);
+                  }
+               }
+
+               cmap_entries = i;
+               output_processing = PNG_CMAP_GA;
+            }
+         }
+         break;
+
+      case PNG_COLOR_TYPE_RGB:
+      case PNG_COLOR_TYPE_RGB_ALPHA:
+         /* Exclude the case where the output is gray; we can always handle this
+          * with the cases above.
+          */
+         if ((output_format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_COLOR) == 0)
+         {
+            /* The color-map will be grayscale, so we may as well convert the
+             * input RGB values to a simple grayscale and use the grayscale
+             * code above.
+             *
+             * NOTE: calling this apparently damages the recognition of the
+             * transparent color in background color handling; call
+             * png_set_tRNS_to_alpha before png_set_background_fixed.
+             */
+            png_set_rgb_to_gray_fixed(png_ptr, PNG_ERROR_ACTION_NONE, -1,
+               -1);
+            data_encoding = P_sRGB;
+
+            /* The output will now be one or two 8-bit gray or gray+alpha
+             * channels.  The more complex case arises when the input has alpha.
+             */
+            if ((png_ptr->color_type == PNG_COLOR_TYPE_RGB_ALPHA ||
+               png_ptr->num_trans > 0) &&
+               (output_format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_ALPHA) != 0)
+            {
+               /* Both input and output have an alpha channel, so no background
+                * processing is required; just map the GA bytes to the right
+                * color-map entry.
+                */
+               expand_tRNS = 1;
+
+               if (PNG_GA_COLORMAP_ENTRIES > image->colormap_entries)
+                  png_error(png_ptr, "rgb[ga] color-map: too few entries");
+
+               cmap_entries = make_ga_colormap(display);
+               background_index = PNG_CMAP_GA_BACKGROUND;
+               output_processing = PNG_CMAP_GA;
+            }
+
+            else
+            {
+               /* Either the input or the output has no alpha channel, so there
+                * will be no non-opaque pixels in the color-map; it will just be
+                * grayscale.
+                */
+               if (PNG_GRAY_COLORMAP_ENTRIES > image->colormap_entries)
+                  png_error(png_ptr, "rgb[gray] color-map: too few entries");
+
+               /* Ideally this code would use libpng to do the gamma correction,
+                * but if an input alpha channel is to be removed we will hit the
+                * libpng bug in gamma+compose+rgb-to-gray (the double gamma
+                * correction bug).  Fix this by dropping the gamma correction in
+                * this case and doing it in the palette; this will result in
+                * duplicate palette entries, but that's better than the
+                * alternative of double gamma correction.
+                */
+               if ((png_ptr->color_type == PNG_COLOR_TYPE_RGB_ALPHA ||
+                  png_ptr->num_trans > 0) &&
+                  png_gamma_not_sRGB(png_ptr->colorspace.gamma) != 0)
+               {
+                  cmap_entries = make_gray_file_colormap(display);
+                  data_encoding = P_FILE;
+               }
+
+               else
+                  cmap_entries = make_gray_colormap(display);
+
+               /* But if the input has alpha or transparency it must be removed
+                */
+               if (png_ptr->color_type == PNG_COLOR_TYPE_RGB_ALPHA ||
+                  png_ptr->num_trans > 0)
+               {
+                  png_color_16 c;
+                  png_uint_32 gray = back_g;
+
+                  /* We need to ensure that the application background exists in
+                   * the colormap and that completely transparent pixels map to
+                   * it.  Achieve this simply by ensuring that the entry
+                   * selected for the background really is the background color.
+                   */
+                  if (data_encoding == P_FILE) /* from the fixup above */
+                  {
+                     /* The app supplied a gray which is in output_encoding, we
+                      * need to convert it to a value of the input (P_FILE)
+                      * encoding then set this palette entry to the required
+                      * output encoding.
+                      */
+                     if (output_encoding == P_sRGB)
+                        gray = png_sRGB_table[gray]; /* now P_LINEAR */
+
+                     gray = PNG_DIV257(png_gamma_16bit_correct(gray,
+                        png_ptr->colorspace.gamma)); /* now P_FILE */
+
+                     /* And make sure the corresponding palette entry contains
+                      * exactly the required sRGB value.
+                      */
+                     png_create_colormap_entry(display, gray, back_g, back_g,
+                        back_g, 0/*unused*/, output_encoding);
+                  }
+
+                  else if (output_encoding == P_LINEAR)
+                  {
+                     gray = PNG_sRGB_FROM_LINEAR(gray * 255);
+
+                     /* And make sure the corresponding palette entry matches.
+                      */
+                     png_create_colormap_entry(display, gray, back_g, back_g,
+                        back_g, 0/*unused*/, P_LINEAR);
+                  }
+
+                  /* The background passed to libpng, however, must be the
+                   * output (normally sRGB) value.
+                   */
+                  c.index = 0; /*unused*/
+                  c.gray = c.red = c.green = c.blue = (png_uint_16)gray;
+
+                  /* NOTE: the following is apparently a bug in libpng. Without
+                   * it the transparent color recognition in
+                   * png_set_background_fixed seems to go wrong.
+                   */
+                  expand_tRNS = 1;
+                  png_set_background_fixed(png_ptr, &c,
+                     PNG_BACKGROUND_GAMMA_SCREEN, 0/*need_expand*/,
+                     0/*gamma: not used*/);
+               }
+
+               output_processing = PNG_CMAP_NONE;
+            }
+         }
+
+         else /* output is color */
+         {
+            /* We could use png_quantize here so long as there is no transparent
+             * color or alpha; png_quantize ignores alpha.  Easier overall just
+             * to do it once and using PNG_DIV51 on the 6x6x6 reduced RGB cube.
+             * Consequently we always want libpng to produce sRGB data.
+             */
+            data_encoding = P_sRGB;
+
+            /* Is there any transparency or alpha? */
+            if (png_ptr->color_type == PNG_COLOR_TYPE_RGB_ALPHA ||
+               png_ptr->num_trans > 0)
+            {
+               /* Is there alpha in the output too?  If so all four channels are
+                * processed into a special RGB cube with alpha support.
+                */
+               if ((output_format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_ALPHA) != 0)
+               {
+                  png_uint_32 r;
+
+                  if (PNG_RGB_COLORMAP_ENTRIES+1+27 > image->colormap_entries)
+                     png_error(png_ptr, "rgb+alpha color-map: too few entries");
+
+                  cmap_entries = make_rgb_colormap(display);
+
+                  /* Add a transparent entry. */
+                  png_create_colormap_entry(display, cmap_entries, 255, 255,
+                     255, 0, P_sRGB);
+
+                  /* This is stored as the background index for the processing
+                   * algorithm.
+                   */
+                  background_index = cmap_entries++;
+
+                  /* Add 27 r,g,b entries each with alpha 0.5. */
+                  for (r=0; r<256; r = (r << 1) | 0x7f)
+                  {
+                     png_uint_32 g;
+
+                     for (g=0; g<256; g = (g << 1) | 0x7f)
+                     {
+                        png_uint_32 b;
+
+                        /* This generates components with the values 0, 127 and
+                         * 255
+                         */
+                        for (b=0; b<256; b = (b << 1) | 0x7f)
+                           png_create_colormap_entry(display, cmap_entries++,
+                              r, g, b, 128, P_sRGB);
+                     }
+                  }
+
+                  expand_tRNS = 1;
+                  output_processing = PNG_CMAP_RGB_ALPHA;
+               }
+
+               else
+               {
+                  /* Alpha/transparency must be removed.  The background must
+                   * exist in the color map (achieved by setting adding it after
+                   * the 666 color-map).  If the standard processing code will
+                   * pick up this entry automatically that's all that is
+                   * required; libpng can be called to do the background
+                   * processing.
+                   */
+                  unsigned int sample_size =
+                     PNG_IMAGE_SAMPLE_SIZE(output_format);
+                  png_uint_32 r, g, b; /* sRGB background */
+
+                  if (PNG_RGB_COLORMAP_ENTRIES+1+27 > image->colormap_entries)
+                     png_error(png_ptr, "rgb-alpha color-map: too few entries");
+
+                  cmap_entries = make_rgb_colormap(display);
+
+                  png_create_colormap_entry(display, cmap_entries, back_r,
+                        back_g, back_b, 0/*unused*/, output_encoding);
+
+                  if (output_encoding == P_LINEAR)
+                  {
+                     r = PNG_sRGB_FROM_LINEAR(back_r * 255);
+                     g = PNG_sRGB_FROM_LINEAR(back_g * 255);
+                     b = PNG_sRGB_FROM_LINEAR(back_b * 255);
+                  }
+
+                  else
+                  {
+                     r = back_r;
+                     g = back_g;
+                     b = back_g;
+                  }
+
+                  /* Compare the newly-created color-map entry with the one the
+                   * PNG_CMAP_RGB algorithm will use.  If the two entries don't
+                   * match, add the new one and set this as the background
+                   * index.
+                   */
+                  if (memcmp((png_const_bytep)display->colormap +
+                        sample_size * cmap_entries,
+                     (png_const_bytep)display->colormap +
+                        sample_size * PNG_RGB_INDEX(r,g,b),
+                     sample_size) != 0)
+                  {
+                     /* The background color must be added. */
+                     background_index = cmap_entries++;
+
+                     /* Add 27 r,g,b entries each with created by composing with
+                      * the background at alpha 0.5.
+                      */
+                     for (r=0; r<256; r = (r << 1) | 0x7f)
+                     {
+                        for (g=0; g<256; g = (g << 1) | 0x7f)
+                        {
+                           /* This generates components with the values 0, 127
+                            * and 255
+                            */
+                           for (b=0; b<256; b = (b << 1) | 0x7f)
+                              png_create_colormap_entry(display, cmap_entries++,
+                                 png_colormap_compose(display, r, P_sRGB, 128,
+                                    back_r, output_encoding),
+                                 png_colormap_compose(display, g, P_sRGB, 128,
+                                    back_g, output_encoding),
+                                 png_colormap_compose(display, b, P_sRGB, 128,
+                                    back_b, output_encoding),
+                                 0/*unused*/, output_encoding);
+                        }
+                     }
+
+                     expand_tRNS = 1;
+                     output_processing = PNG_CMAP_RGB_ALPHA;
+                  }
+
+                  else /* background color is in the standard color-map */
+                  {
+                     png_color_16 c;
+
+                     c.index = 0; /*unused*/
+                     c.red = (png_uint_16)back_r;
+                     c.gray = c.green = (png_uint_16)back_g;
+                     c.blue = (png_uint_16)back_b;
+
+                     png_set_background_fixed(png_ptr, &c,
+                        PNG_BACKGROUND_GAMMA_SCREEN, 0/*need_expand*/,
+                        0/*gamma: not used*/);
+
+                     output_processing = PNG_CMAP_RGB;
+                  }
+               }
+            }
+
+            else /* no alpha or transparency in the input */
+            {
+               /* Alpha in the output is irrelevant, simply map the opaque input
+                * pixels to the 6x6x6 color-map.
+                */
+               if (PNG_RGB_COLORMAP_ENTRIES > image->colormap_entries)
+                  png_error(png_ptr, "rgb color-map: too few entries");
+
+               cmap_entries = make_rgb_colormap(display);
+               output_processing = PNG_CMAP_RGB;
+            }
+         }
+         break;
+
+      case PNG_COLOR_TYPE_PALETTE:
+         /* It's already got a color-map.  It may be necessary to eliminate the
+          * tRNS entries though.
+          */
+         {
+            unsigned int num_trans = png_ptr->num_trans;
+            png_const_bytep trans = num_trans > 0 ? png_ptr->trans_alpha : NULL;
+            png_const_colorp colormap = png_ptr->palette;
+            const int do_background = trans != NULL &&
+               (output_format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_ALPHA) == 0;
+            unsigned int i;
+
+            /* Just in case: */
+            if (trans == NULL)
+               num_trans = 0;
+
+            output_processing = PNG_CMAP_NONE;
+            data_encoding = P_FILE; /* Don't change from color-map indices */
+            cmap_entries = png_ptr->num_palette;
+            if (cmap_entries > 256)
+               cmap_entries = 256;
+
+            if (cmap_entries > image->colormap_entries)
+               png_error(png_ptr, "palette color-map: too few entries");
+
+            for (i=0; i < cmap_entries; ++i)
+            {
+               if (do_background != 0 && i < num_trans && trans[i] < 255)
+               {
+                  if (trans[i] == 0)
+                     png_create_colormap_entry(display, i, back_r, back_g,
+                        back_b, 0, output_encoding);
+
+                  else
+                  {
+                     /* Must compose the PNG file color in the color-map entry
+                      * on the sRGB color in 'back'.
+                      */
+                     png_create_colormap_entry(display, i,
+                        png_colormap_compose(display, colormap[i].red, P_FILE,
+                           trans[i], back_r, output_encoding),
+                        png_colormap_compose(display, colormap[i].green, P_FILE,
+                           trans[i], back_g, output_encoding),
+                        png_colormap_compose(display, colormap[i].blue, P_FILE,
+                           trans[i], back_b, output_encoding),
+                        output_encoding == P_LINEAR ? trans[i] * 257U :
+                           trans[i],
+                        output_encoding);
+                  }
+               }
+
+               else
+                  png_create_colormap_entry(display, i, colormap[i].red,
+                     colormap[i].green, colormap[i].blue,
+                     i < num_trans ? trans[i] : 255U, P_FILE/*8-bit*/);
+            }
+
+            /* The PNG data may have indices packed in fewer than 8 bits, it
+             * must be expanded if so.
+             */
+            if (png_ptr->bit_depth < 8)
+               png_set_packing(png_ptr);
+         }
+         break;
+
+      default:
+         png_error(png_ptr, "invalid PNG color type");
+         /*NOT REACHED*/
+   }
+
+   /* Now deal with the output processing */
+   if (expand_tRNS != 0 && png_ptr->num_trans > 0 &&
+       (png_ptr->color_type & PNG_COLOR_MASK_ALPHA) == 0)
+      png_set_tRNS_to_alpha(png_ptr);
+
+   switch (data_encoding)
+   {
+      case P_sRGB:
+         /* Change to 8-bit sRGB */
+         png_set_alpha_mode_fixed(png_ptr, PNG_ALPHA_PNG, PNG_GAMMA_sRGB);
+         /* FALL THROUGH */
+
+      case P_FILE:
+         if (png_ptr->bit_depth > 8)
+            png_set_scale_16(png_ptr);
+         break;
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+      default:
+         png_error(png_ptr, "bad data option (internal error)");
+#endif
+   }
+
+   if (cmap_entries > 256 || cmap_entries > image->colormap_entries)
+      png_error(png_ptr, "color map overflow (BAD internal error)");
+
+   image->colormap_entries = cmap_entries;
+
+   /* Double check using the recorded background index */
+   switch (output_processing)
+   {
+      case PNG_CMAP_NONE:
+         if (background_index != PNG_CMAP_NONE_BACKGROUND)
+            goto bad_background;
+         break;
+
+      case PNG_CMAP_GA:
+         if (background_index != PNG_CMAP_GA_BACKGROUND)
+            goto bad_background;
+         break;
+
+      case PNG_CMAP_TRANS:
+         if (background_index >= cmap_entries ||
+            background_index != PNG_CMAP_TRANS_BACKGROUND)
+            goto bad_background;
+         break;
+
+      case PNG_CMAP_RGB:
+         if (background_index != PNG_CMAP_RGB_BACKGROUND)
+            goto bad_background;
+         break;
+
+      case PNG_CMAP_RGB_ALPHA:
+         if (background_index != PNG_CMAP_RGB_ALPHA_BACKGROUND)
+            goto bad_background;
+         break;
+
+      default:
+         png_error(png_ptr, "bad processing option (internal error)");
+
+      bad_background:
+         png_error(png_ptr, "bad background index (internal error)");
+   }
+
+   display->colormap_processing = output_processing;
+
+   return 1/*ok*/;
+}
+
+/* The final part of the color-map read called from png_image_finish_read. */
+static int
+png_image_read_and_map(png_voidp argument)
+{
+   png_image_read_control *display = png_voidcast(png_image_read_control*,
+      argument);
+   png_imagep image = display->image;
+   png_structrp png_ptr = image->opaque->png_ptr;
+   int passes;
+
+   /* Called when the libpng data must be transformed into the color-mapped
+    * form.  There is a local row buffer in display->local and this routine must
+    * do the interlace handling.
+    */
+   switch (png_ptr->interlaced)
+   {
+      case PNG_INTERLACE_NONE:
+         passes = 1;
+         break;
+
+      case PNG_INTERLACE_ADAM7:
+         passes = PNG_INTERLACE_ADAM7_PASSES;
+         break;
+
+      default:
+         png_error(png_ptr, "unknown interlace type");
+   }
+
+   {
+      png_uint_32  height = image->height;
+      png_uint_32  width = image->width;
+      int          proc = display->colormap_processing;
+      png_bytep    first_row = png_voidcast(png_bytep, display->first_row);
+      ptrdiff_t    step_row = display->row_bytes;
+      int pass;
+
+      for (pass = 0; pass < passes; ++pass)
+      {
+         unsigned int     startx, stepx, stepy;
+         png_uint_32      y;
+
+         if (png_ptr->interlaced == PNG_INTERLACE_ADAM7)
+         {
+            /* The row may be empty for a short image: */
+            if (PNG_PASS_COLS(width, pass) == 0)
+               continue;
+
+            startx = PNG_PASS_START_COL(pass);
+            stepx = PNG_PASS_COL_OFFSET(pass);
+            y = PNG_PASS_START_ROW(pass);
+            stepy = PNG_PASS_ROW_OFFSET(pass);
+         }
+
+         else
+         {
+            y = 0;
+            startx = 0;
+            stepx = stepy = 1;
+         }
+
+         for (; y<height; y += stepy)
+         {
+            png_bytep inrow = png_voidcast(png_bytep, display->local_row);
+            png_bytep outrow = first_row + y * step_row;
+            png_const_bytep end_row = outrow + width;
+
+            /* Read read the libpng data into the temporary buffer. */
+            png_read_row(png_ptr, inrow, NULL);
+
+            /* Now process the row according to the processing option, note
+             * that the caller verifies that the format of the libpng output
+             * data is as required.
+             */
+            outrow += startx;
+            switch (proc)
+            {
+               case PNG_CMAP_GA:
+                  for (; outrow < end_row; outrow += stepx)
+                  {
+                     /* The data is always in the PNG order */
+                     unsigned int gray = *inrow++;
+                     unsigned int alpha = *inrow++;
+                     unsigned int entry;
+
+                     /* NOTE: this code is copied as a comment in
+                      * make_ga_colormap above.  Please update the
+                      * comment if you change this code!
+                      */
+                     if (alpha > 229) /* opaque */
+                     {
+                        entry = (231 * gray + 128) >> 8;
+                     }
+                     else if (alpha < 26) /* transparent */
+                     {
+                        entry = 231;
+                     }
+                     else /* partially opaque */
+                     {
+                        entry = 226 + 6 * PNG_DIV51(alpha) + PNG_DIV51(gray);
+                     }
+
+                     *outrow = (png_byte)entry;
+                  }
+                  break;
+
+               case PNG_CMAP_TRANS:
+                  for (; outrow < end_row; outrow += stepx)
+                  {
+                     png_byte gray = *inrow++;
+                     png_byte alpha = *inrow++;
+
+                     if (alpha == 0)
+                        *outrow = PNG_CMAP_TRANS_BACKGROUND;
+
+                     else if (gray != PNG_CMAP_TRANS_BACKGROUND)
+                        *outrow = gray;
+
+                     else
+                        *outrow = (png_byte)(PNG_CMAP_TRANS_BACKGROUND+1);
+                  }
+                  break;
+
+               case PNG_CMAP_RGB:
+                  for (; outrow < end_row; outrow += stepx)
+                  {
+                     *outrow = PNG_RGB_INDEX(inrow[0], inrow[1], inrow[2]);
+                     inrow += 3;
+                  }
+                  break;
+
+               case PNG_CMAP_RGB_ALPHA:
+                  for (; outrow < end_row; outrow += stepx)
+                  {
+                     unsigned int alpha = inrow[3];
+
+                     /* Because the alpha entries only hold alpha==0.5 values
+                      * split the processing at alpha==0.25 (64) and 0.75
+                      * (196).
+                      */
+
+                     if (alpha >= 196)
+                        *outrow = PNG_RGB_INDEX(inrow[0], inrow[1],
+                           inrow[2]);
+
+                     else if (alpha < 64)
+                        *outrow = PNG_CMAP_RGB_ALPHA_BACKGROUND;
+
+                     else
+                     {
+                        /* Likewise there are three entries for each of r, g
+                         * and b.  We could select the entry by popcount on
+                         * the top two bits on those architectures that
+                         * support it, this is what the code below does,
+                         * crudely.
+                         */
+                        unsigned int back_i = PNG_CMAP_RGB_ALPHA_BACKGROUND+1;
+
+                        /* Here are how the values map:
+                         *
+                         * 0x00 .. 0x3f -> 0
+                         * 0x40 .. 0xbf -> 1
+                         * 0xc0 .. 0xff -> 2
+                         *
+                         * So, as above with the explicit alpha checks, the
+                         * breakpoints are at 64 and 196.
+                         */
+                        if (inrow[0] & 0x80) back_i += 9; /* red */
+                        if (inrow[0] & 0x40) back_i += 9;
+                        if (inrow[0] & 0x80) back_i += 3; /* green */
+                        if (inrow[0] & 0x40) back_i += 3;
+                        if (inrow[0] & 0x80) back_i += 1; /* blue */
+                        if (inrow[0] & 0x40) back_i += 1;
+
+                        *outrow = (png_byte)back_i;
+                     }
+
+                     inrow += 4;
+                  }
+                  break;
+
+               default:
+                  break;
+            }
+         }
+      }
+   }
+
+   return 1;
+}
+
+static int
+png_image_read_colormapped(png_voidp argument)
+{
+   png_image_read_control *display = png_voidcast(png_image_read_control*,
+      argument);
+   png_imagep image = display->image;
+   png_controlp control = image->opaque;
+   png_structrp png_ptr = control->png_ptr;
+   png_inforp info_ptr = control->info_ptr;
+
+   int passes = 0; /* As a flag */
+
+   PNG_SKIP_CHUNKS(png_ptr);
+
+   /* Update the 'info' structure and make sure the result is as required; first
+    * make sure to turn on the interlace handling if it will be required
+    * (because it can't be turned on *after* the call to png_read_update_info!)
+    */
+   if (display->colormap_processing == PNG_CMAP_NONE)
+      passes = png_set_interlace_handling(png_ptr);
+
+   png_read_update_info(png_ptr, info_ptr);
+
+   /* The expected output can be deduced from the colormap_processing option. */
+   switch (display->colormap_processing)
+   {
+      case PNG_CMAP_NONE:
+         /* Output must be one channel and one byte per pixel, the output
+          * encoding can be anything.
+          */
+         if ((info_ptr->color_type == PNG_COLOR_TYPE_PALETTE ||
+            info_ptr->color_type == PNG_COLOR_TYPE_GRAY) &&
+            info_ptr->bit_depth == 8)
+            break;
+
+         goto bad_output;
+
+      case PNG_CMAP_TRANS:
+      case PNG_CMAP_GA:
+         /* Output must be two channels and the 'G' one must be sRGB, the latter
+          * can be checked with an exact number because it should have been set
+          * to this number above!
+          */
+         if (info_ptr->color_type == PNG_COLOR_TYPE_GRAY_ALPHA &&
+            info_ptr->bit_depth == 8 &&
+            png_ptr->screen_gamma == PNG_GAMMA_sRGB &&
+            image->colormap_entries == 256)
+            break;
+
+         goto bad_output;
+
+      case PNG_CMAP_RGB:
+         /* Output must be 8-bit sRGB encoded RGB */
+         if (info_ptr->color_type == PNG_COLOR_TYPE_RGB &&
+            info_ptr->bit_depth == 8 &&
+            png_ptr->screen_gamma == PNG_GAMMA_sRGB &&
+            image->colormap_entries == 216)
+            break;
+
+         goto bad_output;
+
+      case PNG_CMAP_RGB_ALPHA:
+         /* Output must be 8-bit sRGB encoded RGBA */
+         if (info_ptr->color_type == PNG_COLOR_TYPE_RGB_ALPHA &&
+            info_ptr->bit_depth == 8 &&
+            png_ptr->screen_gamma == PNG_GAMMA_sRGB &&
+            image->colormap_entries == 244 /* 216 + 1 + 27 */)
+            break;
+
+         /* goto bad_output; */
+         /* FALL THROUGH */
+
+      default:
+      bad_output:
+         png_error(png_ptr, "bad color-map processing (internal error)");
+   }
+
+   /* Now read the rows.  Do this here if it is possible to read directly into
+    * the output buffer, otherwise allocate a local row buffer of the maximum
+    * size libpng requires and call the relevant processing routine safely.
+    */
+   {
+      png_voidp first_row = display->buffer;
+      ptrdiff_t row_bytes = display->row_stride;
+
+      /* The following expression is designed to work correctly whether it gives
+       * a signed or an unsigned result.
+       */
+      if (row_bytes < 0)
+      {
+         char *ptr = png_voidcast(char*, first_row);
+         ptr += (image->height-1) * (-row_bytes);
+         first_row = png_voidcast(png_voidp, ptr);
+      }
+
+      display->first_row = first_row;
+      display->row_bytes = row_bytes;
+   }
+
+   if (passes == 0)
+   {
+      int result;
+      png_voidp row = png_malloc(png_ptr, png_get_rowbytes(png_ptr, info_ptr));
+
+      display->local_row = row;
+      result = png_safe_execute(image, png_image_read_and_map, display);
+      display->local_row = NULL;
+      png_free(png_ptr, row);
+
+      return result;
+   }
+
+   else
+   {
+      png_alloc_size_t row_bytes = display->row_bytes;
+
+      while (--passes >= 0)
+      {
+         png_uint_32      y = image->height;
+         png_bytep        row = png_voidcast(png_bytep, display->first_row);
+
+         while (y-- > 0)
+         {
+            png_read_row(png_ptr, row, NULL);
+            row += row_bytes;
+         }
+      }
+
+      return 1;
+   }
+}
+
+/* Just the row reading part of png_image_read. */
+static int
+png_image_read_composite(png_voidp argument)
+{
+   png_image_read_control *display = png_voidcast(png_image_read_control*,
+      argument);
+   png_imagep image = display->image;
+   png_structrp png_ptr = image->opaque->png_ptr;
+   int passes;
+
+   switch (png_ptr->interlaced)
+   {
+      case PNG_INTERLACE_NONE:
+         passes = 1;
+         break;
+
+      case PNG_INTERLACE_ADAM7:
+         passes = PNG_INTERLACE_ADAM7_PASSES;
+         break;
+
+      default:
+         png_error(png_ptr, "unknown interlace type");
+   }
+
+   {
+      png_uint_32  height = image->height;
+      png_uint_32  width = image->width;
+      ptrdiff_t    step_row = display->row_bytes;
+      unsigned int channels =
+          (image->format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_COLOR) != 0 ? 3 : 1;
+      int pass;
+
+      for (pass = 0; pass < passes; ++pass)
+      {
+         unsigned int     startx, stepx, stepy;
+         png_uint_32      y;
+
+         if (png_ptr->interlaced == PNG_INTERLACE_ADAM7)
+         {
+            /* The row may be empty for a short image: */
+            if (PNG_PASS_COLS(width, pass) == 0)
+               continue;
+
+            startx = PNG_PASS_START_COL(pass) * channels;
+            stepx = PNG_PASS_COL_OFFSET(pass) * channels;
+            y = PNG_PASS_START_ROW(pass);
+            stepy = PNG_PASS_ROW_OFFSET(pass);
+         }
+
+         else
+         {
+            y = 0;
+            startx = 0;
+            stepx = channels;
+            stepy = 1;
+         }
+
+         for (; y<height; y += stepy)
+         {
+            png_bytep inrow = png_voidcast(png_bytep, display->local_row);
+            png_bytep outrow;
+            png_const_bytep end_row;
+
+            /* Read the row, which is packed: */
+            png_read_row(png_ptr, inrow, NULL);
+
+            outrow = png_voidcast(png_bytep, display->first_row);
+            outrow += y * step_row;
+            end_row = outrow + width * channels;
+
+            /* Now do the composition on each pixel in this row. */
+            outrow += startx;
+            for (; outrow < end_row; outrow += stepx)
+            {
+               png_byte alpha = inrow[channels];
+
+               if (alpha > 0) /* else no change to the output */
+               {
+                  unsigned int c;
+
+                  for (c=0; c<channels; ++c)
+                  {
+                     png_uint_32 component = inrow[c];
+
+                     if (alpha < 255) /* else just use component */
+                     {
+                        /* This is PNG_OPTIMIZED_ALPHA, the component value
+                         * is a linear 8-bit value.  Combine this with the
+                         * current outrow[c] value which is sRGB encoded.
+                         * Arithmetic here is 16-bits to preserve the output
+                         * values correctly.
+                         */
+                        component *= 257*255; /* =65535 */
+                        component += (255-alpha)*png_sRGB_table[outrow[c]];
+
+                        /* So 'component' is scaled by 255*65535 and is
+                         * therefore appropriate for the sRGB to linear
+                         * conversion table.
+                         */
+                        component = PNG_sRGB_FROM_LINEAR(component);
+                     }
+
+                     outrow[c] = (png_byte)component;
+                  }
+               }
+
+               inrow += channels+1; /* components and alpha channel */
+            }
+         }
+      }
+   }
+
+   return 1;
+}
+
+/* The do_local_background case; called when all the following transforms are to
+ * be done:
+ *
+ * PNG_RGB_TO_GRAY
+ * PNG_COMPOSITE
+ * PNG_GAMMA
+ *
+ * This is a work-around for the fact that both the PNG_RGB_TO_GRAY and
+ * PNG_COMPOSITE code performs gamma correction, so we get double gamma
+ * correction.  The fix-up is to prevent the PNG_COMPOSITE operation from
+ * happening inside libpng, so this routine sees an 8 or 16-bit gray+alpha
+ * row and handles the removal or pre-multiplication of the alpha channel.
+ */
+static int
+png_image_read_background(png_voidp argument)
+{
+   png_image_read_control *display = png_voidcast(png_image_read_control*,
+      argument);
+   png_imagep image = display->image;
+   png_structrp png_ptr = image->opaque->png_ptr;
+   png_inforp info_ptr = image->opaque->info_ptr;
+   png_uint_32 height = image->height;
+   png_uint_32 width = image->width;
+   int pass, passes;
+
+   /* Double check the convoluted logic below.  We expect to get here with
+    * libpng doing rgb to gray and gamma correction but background processing
+    * left to the png_image_read_background function.  The rows libpng produce
+    * might be 8 or 16-bit but should always have two channels; gray plus alpha.
+    */
+   if ((png_ptr->transformations & PNG_RGB_TO_GRAY) == 0)
+      png_error(png_ptr, "lost rgb to gray");
+
+   if ((png_ptr->transformations & PNG_COMPOSE) != 0)
+      png_error(png_ptr, "unexpected compose");
+
+   if (png_get_channels(png_ptr, info_ptr) != 2)
+      png_error(png_ptr, "lost/gained channels");
+
+   /* Expect the 8-bit case to always remove the alpha channel */
+   if ((image->format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_LINEAR) == 0 &&
+      (image->format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_ALPHA) != 0)
+      png_error(png_ptr, "unexpected 8-bit transformation");
+
+   switch (png_ptr->interlaced)
+   {
+      case PNG_INTERLACE_NONE:
+         passes = 1;
+         break;
+
+      case PNG_INTERLACE_ADAM7:
+         passes = PNG_INTERLACE_ADAM7_PASSES;
+         break;
+
+      default:
+         png_error(png_ptr, "unknown interlace type");
+   }
+
+   /* Use direct access to info_ptr here because otherwise the simplified API
+    * would require PNG_EASY_ACCESS_SUPPORTED (just for this.)  Note this is
+    * checking the value after libpng expansions, not the original value in the
+    * PNG.
+    */
+   switch (info_ptr->bit_depth)
+   {
+      case 8:
+         /* 8-bit sRGB gray values with an alpha channel; the alpha channel is
+          * to be removed by composing on a background: either the row if
+          * display->background is NULL or display->background->green if not.
+          * Unlike the code above ALPHA_OPTIMIZED has *not* been done.
+          */
+         {
+            png_bytep first_row = png_voidcast(png_bytep, display->first_row);
+            ptrdiff_t step_row = display->row_bytes;
+
+            for (pass = 0; pass < passes; ++pass)
+            {
+               png_bytep        row = png_voidcast(png_bytep,
+                                                   display->first_row);
+               unsigned int     startx, stepx, stepy;
+               png_uint_32      y;
+
+               if (png_ptr->interlaced == PNG_INTERLACE_ADAM7)
+               {
+                  /* The row may be empty for a short image: */
+                  if (PNG_PASS_COLS(width, pass) == 0)
+                     continue;
+
+                  startx = PNG_PASS_START_COL(pass);
+                  stepx = PNG_PASS_COL_OFFSET(pass);
+                  y = PNG_PASS_START_ROW(pass);
+                  stepy = PNG_PASS_ROW_OFFSET(pass);
+               }
+
+               else
+               {
+                  y = 0;
+                  startx = 0;
+                  stepx = stepy = 1;
+               }
+
+               if (display->background == NULL)
+               {
+                  for (; y<height; y += stepy)
+                  {
+                     png_bytep inrow = png_voidcast(png_bytep,
+                        display->local_row);
+                     png_bytep outrow = first_row + y * step_row;
+                     png_const_bytep end_row = outrow + width;
+
+                     /* Read the row, which is packed: */
+                     png_read_row(png_ptr, inrow, NULL);
+
+                     /* Now do the composition on each pixel in this row. */
+                     outrow += startx;
+                     for (; outrow < end_row; outrow += stepx)
+                     {
+                        png_byte alpha = inrow[1];
+
+                        if (alpha > 0) /* else no change to the output */
+                        {
+                           png_uint_32 component = inrow[0];
+
+                           if (alpha < 255) /* else just use component */
+                           {
+                              /* Since PNG_OPTIMIZED_ALPHA was not set it is
+                               * necessary to invert the sRGB transfer
+                               * function and multiply the alpha out.
+                               */
+                              component = png_sRGB_table[component] * alpha;
+                              component += png_sRGB_table[outrow[0]] *
+                                 (255-alpha);
+                              component = PNG_sRGB_FROM_LINEAR(component);
+                           }
+
+                           outrow[0] = (png_byte)component;
+                        }
+
+                        inrow += 2; /* gray and alpha channel */
+                     }
+                  }
+               }
+
+               else /* constant background value */
+               {
+                  png_byte background8 = display->background->green;
+                  png_uint_16 background = png_sRGB_table[background8];
+
+                  for (; y<height; y += stepy)
+                  {
+                     png_bytep inrow = png_voidcast(png_bytep,
+                        display->local_row);
+                     png_bytep outrow = first_row + y * step_row;
+                     png_const_bytep end_row = outrow + width;
+
+                     /* Read the row, which is packed: */
+                     png_read_row(png_ptr, inrow, NULL);
+
+                     /* Now do the composition on each pixel in this row. */
+                     outrow += startx;
+                     for (; outrow < end_row; outrow += stepx)
+                     {
+                        png_byte alpha = inrow[1];
+
+                        if (alpha > 0) /* else use background */
+                        {
+                           png_uint_32 component = inrow[0];
+
+                           if (alpha < 255) /* else just use component */
+                           {
+                              component = png_sRGB_table[component] * alpha;
+                              component += background * (255-alpha);
+                              component = PNG_sRGB_FROM_LINEAR(component);
+                           }
+
+                           outrow[0] = (png_byte)component;
+                        }
+
+                        else
+                           outrow[0] = background8;
+
+                        inrow += 2; /* gray and alpha channel */
+                     }
+
+                     row += display->row_bytes;
+                  }
+               }
+            }
+         }
+         break;
+
+      case 16:
+         /* 16-bit linear with pre-multiplied alpha; the pre-multiplication must
+          * still be done and, maybe, the alpha channel removed.  This code also
+          * handles the alpha-first option.
+          */
+         {
+            png_uint_16p first_row = png_voidcast(png_uint_16p,
+               display->first_row);
+            /* The division by two is safe because the caller passed in a
+             * stride which was multiplied by 2 (below) to get row_bytes.
+             */
+            ptrdiff_t    step_row = display->row_bytes / 2;
+            int preserve_alpha = (image->format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_ALPHA) != 0;
+            unsigned int outchannels = 1+preserve_alpha;
+            int swap_alpha = 0;
+
+#           ifdef PNG_SIMPLIFIED_READ_AFIRST_SUPPORTED
+               if (preserve_alpha != 0 &&
+                   (image->format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_AFIRST) != 0)
+                  swap_alpha = 1;
+#           endif
+
+            for (pass = 0; pass < passes; ++pass)
+            {
+               unsigned int     startx, stepx, stepy;
+               png_uint_32      y;
+
+               /* The 'x' start and step are adjusted to output components here.
+                */
+               if (png_ptr->interlaced == PNG_INTERLACE_ADAM7)
+               {
+                  /* The row may be empty for a short image: */
+                  if (PNG_PASS_COLS(width, pass) == 0)
+                     continue;
+
+                  startx = PNG_PASS_START_COL(pass) * outchannels;
+                  stepx = PNG_PASS_COL_OFFSET(pass) * outchannels;
+                  y = PNG_PASS_START_ROW(pass);
+                  stepy = PNG_PASS_ROW_OFFSET(pass);
+               }
+
+               else
+               {
+                  y = 0;
+                  startx = 0;
+                  stepx = outchannels;
+                  stepy = 1;
+               }
+
+               for (; y<height; y += stepy)
+               {
+                  png_const_uint_16p inrow;
+                  png_uint_16p outrow = first_row + y*step_row;
+                  png_uint_16p end_row = outrow + width * outchannels;
+
+                  /* Read the row, which is packed: */
+                  png_read_row(png_ptr, png_voidcast(png_bytep,
+                     display->local_row), NULL);
+                  inrow = png_voidcast(png_const_uint_16p, display->local_row);
+
+                  /* Now do the pre-multiplication on each pixel in this row.
+                   */
+                  outrow += startx;
+                  for (; outrow < end_row; outrow += stepx)
+                  {
+                     png_uint_32 component = inrow[0];
+                     png_uint_16 alpha = inrow[1];
+
+                     if (alpha > 0) /* else 0 */
+                     {
+                        if (alpha < 65535) /* else just use component */
+                        {
+                           component *= alpha;
+                           component += 32767;
+                           component /= 65535;
+                        }
+                     }
+
+                     else
+                        component = 0;
+
+                     outrow[swap_alpha] = (png_uint_16)component;
+                     if (preserve_alpha != 0)
+                        outrow[1 ^ swap_alpha] = alpha;
+
+                     inrow += 2; /* components and alpha channel */
+                  }
+               }
+            }
+         }
+         break;
+
+#ifdef __GNUC__
+      default:
+         png_error(png_ptr, "unexpected bit depth");
+#endif
+   }
+
+   return 1;
+}
+
+/* The guts of png_image_finish_read as a png_safe_execute callback. */
+static int
+png_image_read_direct(png_voidp argument)
+{
+   png_image_read_control *display = png_voidcast(png_image_read_control*,
+      argument);
+   png_imagep image = display->image;
+   png_structrp png_ptr = image->opaque->png_ptr;
+   png_inforp info_ptr = image->opaque->info_ptr;
+
+   png_uint_32 format = image->format;
+   int linear = (format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_LINEAR) != 0;
+   int do_local_compose = 0;
+   int do_local_background = 0; /* to avoid double gamma correction bug */
+   int passes = 0;
+
+   /* Add transforms to ensure the correct output format is produced then check
+    * that the required implementation support is there.  Always expand; always
+    * need 8 bits minimum, no palette and expanded tRNS.
+    */
+   png_set_expand(png_ptr);
+
+   /* Now check the format to see if it was modified. */
+   {
+      png_uint_32 base_format = png_image_format(png_ptr) &
+         ~PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_COLORMAP /* removed by png_set_expand */;
+      png_uint_32 change = format ^ base_format;
+      png_fixed_point output_gamma;
+      int mode; /* alpha mode */
+
+      /* Do this first so that we have a record if rgb to gray is happening. */
+      if ((change & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_COLOR) != 0)
+      {
+         /* gray<->color transformation required. */
+         if ((format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_COLOR) != 0)
+            png_set_gray_to_rgb(png_ptr);
+
+         else
+         {
+            /* libpng can't do both rgb to gray and
+             * background/pre-multiplication if there is also significant gamma
+             * correction, because both operations require linear colors and
+             * the code only supports one transform doing the gamma correction.
+             * Handle this by doing the pre-multiplication or background
+             * operation in this code, if necessary.
+             *
+             * TODO: fix this by rewriting pngrtran.c (!)
+             *
+             * For the moment (given that fixing this in pngrtran.c is an
+             * enormous change) 'do_local_background' is used to indicate that
+             * the problem exists.
+             */
+            if ((base_format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_ALPHA) != 0)
+               do_local_background = 1/*maybe*/;
+
+            png_set_rgb_to_gray_fixed(png_ptr, PNG_ERROR_ACTION_NONE,
+               PNG_RGB_TO_GRAY_DEFAULT, PNG_RGB_TO_GRAY_DEFAULT);
+         }
+
+         change &= ~PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_COLOR;
+      }
+
+      /* Set the gamma appropriately, linear for 16-bit input, sRGB otherwise.
+       */
+      {
+         png_fixed_point input_gamma_default;
+
+         if ((base_format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_LINEAR) != 0 &&
+             (image->flags & PNG_IMAGE_FLAG_16BIT_sRGB) == 0)
+            input_gamma_default = PNG_GAMMA_LINEAR;
+         else
+            input_gamma_default = PNG_DEFAULT_sRGB;
+
+         /* Call png_set_alpha_mode to set the default for the input gamma; the
+          * output gamma is set by a second call below.
+          */
+         png_set_alpha_mode_fixed(png_ptr, PNG_ALPHA_PNG, input_gamma_default);
+      }
+
+      if (linear != 0)
+      {
+         /* If there *is* an alpha channel in the input it must be multiplied
+          * out; use PNG_ALPHA_STANDARD, otherwise just use PNG_ALPHA_PNG.
+          */
+         if ((base_format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_ALPHA) != 0)
+            mode = PNG_ALPHA_STANDARD; /* associated alpha */
+
+         else
+            mode = PNG_ALPHA_PNG;
+
+         output_gamma = PNG_GAMMA_LINEAR;
+      }
+
+      else
+      {
+         mode = PNG_ALPHA_PNG;
+         output_gamma = PNG_DEFAULT_sRGB;
+      }
+
+      /* If 'do_local_background' is set check for the presence of gamma
+       * correction; this is part of the work-round for the libpng bug
+       * described above.
+       *
+       * TODO: fix libpng and remove this.
+       */
+      if (do_local_background != 0)
+      {
+         png_fixed_point gtest;
+
+         /* This is 'png_gamma_threshold' from pngrtran.c; the test used for
+          * gamma correction, the screen gamma hasn't been set on png_struct
+          * yet; it's set below.  png_struct::gamma, however, is set to the
+          * final value.
+          */
+         if (png_muldiv(&gtest, output_gamma, png_ptr->colorspace.gamma,
+               PNG_FP_1) != 0 && png_gamma_significant(gtest) == 0)
+            do_local_background = 0;
+
+         else if (mode == PNG_ALPHA_STANDARD)
+         {
+            do_local_background = 2/*required*/;
+            mode = PNG_ALPHA_PNG; /* prevent libpng doing it */
+         }
+
+         /* else leave as 1 for the checks below */
+      }
+
+      /* If the bit-depth changes then handle that here. */
+      if ((change & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_LINEAR) != 0)
+      {
+         if (linear != 0 /*16-bit output*/)
+            png_set_expand_16(png_ptr);
+
+         else /* 8-bit output */
+            png_set_scale_16(png_ptr);
+
+         change &= ~PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_LINEAR;
+      }
+
+      /* Now the background/alpha channel changes. */
+      if ((change & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_ALPHA) != 0)
+      {
+         /* Removing an alpha channel requires composition for the 8-bit
+          * formats; for the 16-bit it is already done, above, by the
+          * pre-multiplication and the channel just needs to be stripped.
+          */
+         if ((base_format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_ALPHA) != 0)
+         {
+            /* If RGB->gray is happening the alpha channel must be left and the
+             * operation completed locally.
+             *
+             * TODO: fix libpng and remove this.
+             */
+            if (do_local_background != 0)
+               do_local_background = 2/*required*/;
+
+            /* 16-bit output: just remove the channel */
+            else if (linear != 0) /* compose on black (well, pre-multiply) */
+               png_set_strip_alpha(png_ptr);
+
+            /* 8-bit output: do an appropriate compose */
+            else if (display->background != NULL)
+            {
+               png_color_16 c;
+
+               c.index = 0; /*unused*/
+               c.red = display->background->red;
+               c.green = display->background->green;
+               c.blue = display->background->blue;
+               c.gray = display->background->green;
+
+               /* This is always an 8-bit sRGB value, using the 'green' channel
+                * for gray is much better than calculating the luminance here;
+                * we can get off-by-one errors in that calculation relative to
+                * the app expectations and that will show up in transparent
+                * pixels.
+                */
+               png_set_background_fixed(png_ptr, &c,
+                  PNG_BACKGROUND_GAMMA_SCREEN, 0/*need_expand*/,
+                  0/*gamma: not used*/);
+            }
+
+            else /* compose on row: implemented below. */
+            {
+               do_local_compose = 1;
+               /* This leaves the alpha channel in the output, so it has to be
+                * removed by the code below.  Set the encoding to the 'OPTIMIZE'
+                * one so the code only has to hack on the pixels that require
+                * composition.
+                */
+               mode = PNG_ALPHA_OPTIMIZED;
+            }
+         }
+
+         else /* output needs an alpha channel */
+         {
+            /* This is tricky because it happens before the swap operation has
+             * been accomplished; however, the swap does *not* swap the added
+             * alpha channel (weird API), so it must be added in the correct
+             * place.
+             */
+            png_uint_32 filler; /* opaque filler */
+            int where;
+
+            if (linear != 0)
+               filler = 65535;
+
+            else
+               filler = 255;
+
+#ifdef PNG_FORMAT_AFIRST_SUPPORTED
+            if ((format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_AFIRST) != 0)
+            {
+               where = PNG_FILLER_BEFORE;
+               change &= ~PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_AFIRST;
+            }
+
+            else
+#endif
+            where = PNG_FILLER_AFTER;
+
+            png_set_add_alpha(png_ptr, filler, where);
+         }
+
+         /* This stops the (irrelevant) call to swap_alpha below. */
+         change &= ~PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_ALPHA;
+      }
+
+      /* Now set the alpha mode correctly; this is always done, even if there is
+       * no alpha channel in either the input or the output because it correctly
+       * sets the output gamma.
+       */
+      png_set_alpha_mode_fixed(png_ptr, mode, output_gamma);
+
+#     ifdef PNG_FORMAT_BGR_SUPPORTED
+         if ((change & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_BGR) != 0)
+         {
+            /* Check only the output format; PNG is never BGR; don't do this if
+             * the output is gray, but fix up the 'format' value in that case.
+             */
+            if ((format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_COLOR) != 0)
+               png_set_bgr(png_ptr);
+
+            else
+               format &= ~PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_BGR;
+
+            change &= ~PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_BGR;
+         }
+#     endif
+
+#     ifdef PNG_FORMAT_AFIRST_SUPPORTED
+         if ((change & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_AFIRST) != 0)
+         {
+            /* Only relevant if there is an alpha channel - it's particularly
+             * important to handle this correctly because do_local_compose may
+             * be set above and then libpng will keep the alpha channel for this
+             * code to remove.
+             */
+            if ((format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_ALPHA) != 0)
+            {
+               /* Disable this if doing a local background,
+                * TODO: remove this when local background is no longer required.
+                */
+               if (do_local_background != 2)
+                  png_set_swap_alpha(png_ptr);
+            }
+
+            else
+               format &= ~PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_AFIRST;
+
+            change &= ~PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_AFIRST;
+         }
+#     endif
+
+      /* If the *output* is 16-bit then we need to check for a byte-swap on this
+       * architecture.
+       */
+      if (linear != 0)
+      {
+         PNG_CONST png_uint_16 le = 0x0001;
+
+         if ((*(png_const_bytep) & le) != 0)
+            png_set_swap(png_ptr);
+      }
+
+      /* If change is not now 0 some transformation is missing - error out. */
+      if (change != 0)
+         png_error(png_ptr, "png_read_image: unsupported transformation");
+   }
+
+   PNG_SKIP_CHUNKS(png_ptr);
+
+   /* Update the 'info' structure and make sure the result is as required; first
+    * make sure to turn on the interlace handling if it will be required
+    * (because it can't be turned on *after* the call to png_read_update_info!)
+    *
+    * TODO: remove the do_local_background fixup below.
+    */
+   if (do_local_compose == 0 && do_local_background != 2)
+      passes = png_set_interlace_handling(png_ptr);
+
+   png_read_update_info(png_ptr, info_ptr);
+
+   {
+      png_uint_32 info_format = 0;
+
+      if ((info_ptr->color_type & PNG_COLOR_MASK_COLOR) != 0)
+         info_format |= PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_COLOR;
+
+      if ((info_ptr->color_type & PNG_COLOR_MASK_ALPHA) != 0)
+      {
+         /* do_local_compose removes this channel below. */
+         if (do_local_compose == 0)
+         {
+            /* do_local_background does the same if required. */
+            if (do_local_background != 2 ||
+               (format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_ALPHA) != 0)
+               info_format |= PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_ALPHA;
+         }
+      }
+
+      else if (do_local_compose != 0) /* internal error */
+         png_error(png_ptr, "png_image_read: alpha channel lost");
+
+      if (info_ptr->bit_depth == 16)
+         info_format |= PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_LINEAR;
+
+#ifdef PNG_FORMAT_BGR_SUPPORTED
+      if ((png_ptr->transformations & PNG_BGR) != 0)
+         info_format |= PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_BGR;
+#endif
+
+#ifdef PNG_FORMAT_AFIRST_SUPPORTED
+         if (do_local_background == 2)
+         {
+            if ((format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_AFIRST) != 0)
+               info_format |= PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_AFIRST;
+         }
+
+         if ((png_ptr->transformations & PNG_SWAP_ALPHA) != 0 ||
+            ((png_ptr->transformations & PNG_ADD_ALPHA) != 0 &&
+            (png_ptr->flags & PNG_FLAG_FILLER_AFTER) == 0))
+         {
+            if (do_local_background == 2)
+               png_error(png_ptr, "unexpected alpha swap transformation");
+
+            info_format |= PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_AFIRST;
+         }
+#     endif
+
+      /* This is actually an internal error. */
+      if (info_format != format)
+         png_error(png_ptr, "png_read_image: invalid transformations");
+   }
+
+   /* Now read the rows.  If do_local_compose is set then it is necessary to use
+    * a local row buffer.  The output will be GA, RGBA or BGRA and must be
+    * converted to G, RGB or BGR as appropriate.  The 'local_row' member of the
+    * display acts as a flag.
+    */
+   {
+      png_voidp first_row = display->buffer;
+      ptrdiff_t row_bytes = display->row_stride;
+
+      if (linear != 0)
+         row_bytes *= 2;
+
+      /* The following expression is designed to work correctly whether it gives
+       * a signed or an unsigned result.
+       */
+      if (row_bytes < 0)
+      {
+         char *ptr = png_voidcast(char*, first_row);
+         ptr += (image->height-1) * (-row_bytes);
+         first_row = png_voidcast(png_voidp, ptr);
+      }
+
+      display->first_row = first_row;
+      display->row_bytes = row_bytes;
+   }
+
+   if (do_local_compose != 0)
+   {
+      int result;
+      png_voidp row = png_malloc(png_ptr, png_get_rowbytes(png_ptr, info_ptr));
+
+      display->local_row = row;
+      result = png_safe_execute(image, png_image_read_composite, display);
+      display->local_row = NULL;
+      png_free(png_ptr, row);
+
+      return result;
+   }
+
+   else if (do_local_background == 2)
+   {
+      int result;
+      png_voidp row = png_malloc(png_ptr, png_get_rowbytes(png_ptr, info_ptr));
+
+      display->local_row = row;
+      result = png_safe_execute(image, png_image_read_background, display);
+      display->local_row = NULL;
+      png_free(png_ptr, row);
+
+      return result;
+   }
+
+   else
+   {
+      png_alloc_size_t row_bytes = display->row_bytes;
+
+      while (--passes >= 0)
+      {
+         png_uint_32      y = image->height;
+         png_bytep        row = png_voidcast(png_bytep, display->first_row);
+
+         while (y-- > 0)
+         {
+            png_read_row(png_ptr, row, NULL);
+            row += row_bytes;
+         }
+      }
+
+      return 1;
+   }
+}
+
+int PNGAPI
+png_image_finish_read(png_imagep image, png_const_colorp background,
+   void *buffer, png_int_32 row_stride, void *colormap)
+{
+   if (image != NULL && image->version == PNG_IMAGE_VERSION)
+   {
+      /* Check for row_stride overflow.  This check is not performed on the
+       * original PNG format because it may not occur in the output PNG format
+       * and libpng deals with the issues of reading the original.
+       */
+      const unsigned int channels = PNG_IMAGE_PIXEL_CHANNELS(image->format);
+
+      if (image->width <= 0x7FFFFFFFU/channels) /* no overflow */
+      {
+         png_uint_32 check;
+         const png_uint_32 png_row_stride = image->width * channels;
+
+         if (row_stride == 0)
+            row_stride = (png_int_32)/*SAFE*/png_row_stride;
+
+         if (row_stride < 0)
+            check = -row_stride;
+
+         else
+            check = row_stride;
+
+         if (image->opaque != NULL && buffer != NULL && check >= png_row_stride)
+         {
+            /* Now check for overflow of the image buffer calculation; this
+             * limits the whole image size to 32 bits for API compatibility with
+             * the current, 32-bit, PNG_IMAGE_BUFFER_SIZE macro.
+             */
+            if (image->height <= 0xFFFFFFFF/png_row_stride)
+            {
+               if ((image->format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_COLORMAP) == 0 ||
+                  (image->colormap_entries > 0 && colormap != NULL))
+               {
+                  int result;
+                  png_image_read_control display;
+
+                  memset(&display, 0, (sizeof display));
+                  display.image = image;
+                  display.buffer = buffer;
+                  display.row_stride = row_stride;
+                  display.colormap = colormap;
+                  display.background = background;
+                  display.local_row = NULL;
+
+                  /* Choose the correct 'end' routine; for the color-map case
+                   * all the setup has already been done.
+                   */
+                  if ((image->format & PNG_FORMAT_FLAG_COLORMAP) != 0)
+                     result = png_safe_execute(image,
+                                    png_image_read_colormap, &display) &&
+                              png_safe_execute(image,
+                                    png_image_read_colormapped, &display);
+
+                  else
+                     result =
+                        png_safe_execute(image,
+                              png_image_read_direct, &display);
+
+                  png_image_free(image);
+                  return result;
+               }
+
+               else
+                  return png_image_error(image,
+                     "png_image_finish_read[color-map]: no color-map");
+            }
+
+            else
+               return png_image_error(image,
+                  "png_image_finish_read: image too large");
+         }
+
+         else
+            return png_image_error(image,
+               "png_image_finish_read: invalid argument");
+      }
+
+      else
+         return png_image_error(image,
+            "png_image_finish_read: row_stride too large");
+   }
+
+   else if (image != NULL)
+      return png_image_error(image,
+         "png_image_finish_read: damaged PNG_IMAGE_VERSION");
+
+   return 0;
+}
+
+#endif /* SIMPLIFIED_READ */
+#endif /* READ */