Report user actions for interactions with the Windows Settings app.

chrome/browser/settings_app_monitor_win.cc

Index: chrome/browser/settings_app_monitor_win.cc
diff --git a/chrome/browser/settings_app_monitor_win.cc b/chrome/browser/settings_app_monitor_win.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4f95e7893cd5f53209435c4887240a1fdd31362a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/chrome/browser/settings_app_monitor_win.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,747 @@
+// Copyright 2016 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#include "chrome/browser/settings_app_monitor_win.h"
+
+#include <atlbase.h>
+#include <atlcom.h>
+#include <oleauto.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+#include <uiautomation.h>
+
+#include <algorithm>
+#include <iterator>
+#include <string>
+#include <utility>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include "base/bind.h"
+#include "base/callback.h"
+#include "base/location.h"
+#include "base/memory/ref_counted.h"
+#include "base/sequenced_task_runner.h"
+#include "base/single_thread_task_runner.h"
+#include "base/strings/pattern.h"
+#include "base/strings/string16.h"
+#include "base/strings/string_number_conversions.h"
+#include "base/strings/string_util.h"
+#include "base/threading/sequenced_task_runner_handle.h"
+#include "base/win/scoped_comptr.h"
+#include "base/win/scoped_variant.h"
+#include "ui/base/win/atl_module.h"
+
+namespace shell_integration {
+namespace win {
+
+// SettingsAppMonitor::Context -------------------------------------------------
+
+// The guts of the monitor which runs on a dedicated thread in the
+// multi-threaded COM apartment. An instance may be constructed on any thread,
+// but Initialize() must be invoked on a thread in the MTA.
+class SettingsAppMonitor::Context {
+ public:
+  // Returns a new instance ready for initialization and use on another thread.
+  static base::WeakPtr<Context> Create();
+
+  // Deletes the instance.
+  void DeleteOnAutomationThread();
+
+  // Initializes the context, invoking the monitor's |OnInitialized| method via
+  // |monitor_runner| when done. On success, the monitor's other On* methods
+  // will be invoked as events are observed. On failure, this instance
+  // self-destructs after posting |init_callback|. |task_runner| is the runner
+  // for the dedicated thread on which the context lives (owned by its
+  // UIAutomationClient).
+  void Initialize(base::SingleThreadTaskRunner* task_runner,
+                  base::SequencedTaskRunner* monitor_runner,
+                  const base::WeakPtr<SettingsAppMonitor>& monitor);
+
+ private:
+  class EventHandler;
+
+  // The only and only method that may be called from outside of the automation

[Patrick Monette, 2016/05/24 18:13:13]

It's funny phrased that way, but did you mean "The one and only"?

[grt (UTC plus 2), 2016/05/24 18:48:35]

Done.

+  // thread.
+  Context();
+  ~Context();
+
+  // Method(s) invoked by event handlers via weak pointers.
+
+  // Handles a focus change event on |sender|. Dispatches OnAppFocused if
+  // |sender| is the settings app.
+  void HandleFocusChangedEvent(
+      base::win::ScopedComPtr<IUIAutomationElement> sender);
+
+  // Handles the invocation of the element that opens the browser chooser.
+  void HandleChooserInvoked();
+
+  // Handles the invocation of an element in the browser chooser.
+  void HandleBrowserChosen(const base::string16& browser_name);
+
+  // Returns an event handler for all event types of interest.
+  base::win::ScopedComPtr<IUnknown> GetEventHandler();
+
+  // Returns a pointer to the event handler's generic interface.
+  base::win::ScopedComPtr<IUIAutomationEventHandler>
+  GetAutomationEventHandler();
+
+  // Returns a pointer to the event handler's focus changed interface.
+  base::win::ScopedComPtr<IUIAutomationFocusChangedEventHandler>
+  GetFocusChangedEventHandler();
+
+  // Installs an event handler to observe events of interest.
+  HRESULT InstallObservers();
+
+  // The task runner for the automation thread.
+  base::SingleThreadTaskRunner* task_runner_ = nullptr;
+
+  // The task runner on which the owning monitor lives.
+  base::SequencedTaskRunner* monitor_runner_ = nullptr;
+
+  // The monitor that owns this context.
+  base::WeakPtr<SettingsAppMonitor> monitor_;
+
+  // The automation client.
+  base::win::ScopedComPtr<IUIAutomation> automation_;
+
+  // The event handler.
+  base::win::ScopedComPtr<IUnknown> event_handler_;
+
+  // State to suppress duplicate OnAppFocused notifications.
+  bool observed_app_focused_ = false;
+
+  // Weak pointers to the context are given to event handlers.
+  base::WeakPtrFactory<Context> weak_ptr_factory_;
+
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(Context);
+};
+
+
+// SettingsAppMonitor::Context::EventHandler -----------------------------------
+
+// A handler of events on arbitrary threads in the MTA.
+class SettingsAppMonitor::Context::EventHandler
+    : public ATL::CComObjectRootEx<ATL::CComMultiThreadModel>,
+      public IUIAutomationEventHandler,
+      public IUIAutomationFocusChangedEventHandler {
+ public:
+  BEGIN_COM_MAP(SettingsAppMonitor::Context::EventHandler)
+    COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY(IUIAutomationEventHandler)
+    COM_INTERFACE_ENTRY(IUIAutomationFocusChangedEventHandler)
+  END_COM_MAP()
+
+  EventHandler();
+  ~EventHandler();
+
+  // Initializes the object. Events will be dispatched back to |context| via
+  // |context_runner|.
+  void Initialize(scoped_refptr<base::SingleThreadTaskRunner> context_runner,
+                  const base::WeakPtr<SettingsAppMonitor::Context>& context);
+
+  // IUIAutomationEventHandler:
+  STDMETHOD(HandleAutomationEvent)(IUIAutomationElement *sender,
+                                   EVENTID eventId) override;
+
+  // IUIAutomationFocusChangedEventHandler:
+  STDMETHOD(HandleFocusChangedEvent)(IUIAutomationElement* sender) override;
+
+ private:
+  // The task runner for the monitor client context.
+  scoped_refptr<base::SingleThreadTaskRunner> context_runner_;
+
+  // The monitor context that owns this event handler.
+  base::WeakPtr<SettingsAppMonitor::Context> context_;
+
+  DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(EventHandler);
+};
+
+
+// Utility functions -----------------------------------------------------------
+
+base::string16 GetCachedBstrValue(IUIAutomationElement* element,
+                                  PROPERTYID property_id) {
+  HRESULT result = S_OK;
+  base::win::ScopedVariant var;
+
+  result = element->GetCachedPropertyValueEx(property_id, TRUE, var.Receive());
+  if (FAILED(result))
+    return base::string16();
+
+  if (V_VT(var.ptr()) != VT_BSTR) {
+    LOG_IF(ERROR, V_VT(var.ptr()) != VT_UNKNOWN)
+        << __FUNCTION__ << " property is not a BSTR: " << V_VT(var.ptr());
+    return base::string16();
+  }
+
+  return base::string16(V_BSTR(var.ptr()));
+}
+
+enum class ElementType {
+  DEFAULT_BROWSER,

[Patrick Monette, 2016/05/24 18:13:13]

Add a comment for each values

[grt (UTC plus 2), 2016/05/24 18:48:35]

Done.

+  BROWSER_BUTTON,
+  UNKNOWN,
+};
+
+ElementType DetectElementType(IUIAutomationElement* sender) {
+  base::string16 aid(GetCachedBstrValue(sender, UIA_AutomationIdPropertyId));
+  if (aid == L"SystemSettings_DefaultApps_Browser_Button")
+    return ElementType::DEFAULT_BROWSER;
+  if (base::MatchPattern(aid, L"SystemSettings_DefaultApps_Browser_*_Button"))
+    return ElementType::BROWSER_BUTTON;
+  return ElementType::UNKNOWN;
+}
+
+// Configures a cache request so that it includes all properties needed by
+// DetectElementType to detect the elements of interest.

[Patrick Monette, 2016/05/24 18:13:13]

nit: DetectElementType()

[grt (UTC plus 2), 2016/05/24 18:48:35]

Done.

+void ConfigureCacheRequest(IUIAutomationCacheRequest* cache_request) {
+  DCHECK(cache_request);
+  cache_request->AddProperty(UIA_AutomationIdPropertyId);
+  cache_request->AddProperty(UIA_NamePropertyId);
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+  cache_request->AddProperty(UIA_ClassNamePropertyId);
+  cache_request->AddProperty(UIA_ControlTypePropertyId);
+  cache_request->AddProperty(UIA_IsPeripheralPropertyId);
+  cache_request->AddProperty(UIA_ProcessIdPropertyId);
+  cache_request->AddProperty(UIA_ValueValuePropertyId);
+  cache_request->AddProperty(UIA_RuntimeIdPropertyId);
+#endif  // !NDEBUG

[Patrick Monette, 2016/05/24 18:13:12]

nit: Remove exclamation point

[grt (UTC plus 2), 2016/05/24 18:48:35]

Done.

+}
+
+
+// Debug logging utility functions ---------------------------------------------
+
+bool GetCachedBoolValue(IUIAutomationElement* element, PROPERTYID property_id) {
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+  base::win::ScopedVariant var;
+
+  if (FAILED(element->GetCachedPropertyValueEx(property_id, TRUE,
+                                               var.Receive()))) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (V_VT(var.ptr()) != VT_BOOL) {
+    LOG_IF(ERROR, V_VT(var.ptr()) != VT_UNKNOWN)
+        << __FUNCTION__ << " property is not a BOOL: " << V_VT(var.ptr());
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  return V_BOOL(var.ptr()) != 0;
+#else
+  return false;
+#endif
+}
+
+int32_t GetCachedInt32Value(IUIAutomationElement* element,
+                            PROPERTYID property_id) {
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+  base::win::ScopedVariant var;
+
+  if (FAILED(element->GetCachedPropertyValueEx(property_id, TRUE,
+                                               var.Receive()))) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (V_VT(var.ptr()) != VT_I4) {
+    LOG_IF(ERROR, V_VT(var.ptr()) != VT_UNKNOWN)
+        << __FUNCTION__ << " property is not an I4: " << V_VT(var.ptr());
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  return V_I4(var.ptr());
+#else
+  return 0;
+#endif
+}
+
+std::vector<int32_t> GetCachedInt32ArrayValue(IUIAutomationElement* element,
+                                              PROPERTYID property_id) {
+  std::vector<int32_t> values;
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+  base::win::ScopedVariant var;
+
+  if (FAILED(element->GetCachedPropertyValueEx(property_id, TRUE,
+                                               var.Receive()))) {
+    return values;
+  }
+
+  if (V_VT(var.ptr()) != (VT_I4 | VT_ARRAY)) {
+    LOG_IF(ERROR, V_VT(var.ptr()) != VT_UNKNOWN)
+        << __FUNCTION__ << " property is not an I4 array: " << V_VT(var.ptr());
+    return values;
+  }
+
+  SAFEARRAY* array = V_ARRAY(var.ptr());
+  if (SafeArrayGetDim(array) != 1)
+    return values;
+  long lower_bound = 0;
+  long upper_bound = 0;
+  SafeArrayGetLBound(array, 1, &lower_bound);
+  SafeArrayGetUBound(array, 1, &upper_bound);
+  if (lower_bound || upper_bound <= lower_bound)
+    return values;
+  int32_t* data = nullptr;
+  SafeArrayAccessData(array, reinterpret_cast<void**>(&data));
+  values.assign(data, data + upper_bound + 1);
+  SafeArrayUnaccessData(array);
+#endif
+  return values;
+}
+
+std::string IntArrayToString(const std::vector<int32_t>& values) {
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+  std::vector<std::string> value_strings;
+  std::transform(values.begin(), values.end(),
+                 std::back_inserter(value_strings), &base::IntToString);
+  return base::JoinString(value_strings, ", ");
+#else
+  return std::string();
+#endif
+}
+
+const char* GetEventName(EVENTID event_id) {
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+  switch (event_id) {
+    case UIA_ToolTipOpenedEventId:
+      return "UIA_ToolTipOpenedEventId";
+    case UIA_ToolTipClosedEventId:
+      return "UIA_ToolTipClosedEventId";
+    case UIA_StructureChangedEventId:
+      return "UIA_StructureChangedEventId";
+    case UIA_MenuOpenedEventId:
+      return "UIA_MenuOpenedEventId";
+    case UIA_AutomationPropertyChangedEventId:
+      return "UIA_AutomationPropertyChangedEventId";
+    case UIA_AutomationFocusChangedEventId:
+      return "UIA_AutomationFocusChangedEventId";
+    case UIA_AsyncContentLoadedEventId:
+      return "UIA_AsyncContentLoadedEventId";
+    case UIA_MenuClosedEventId:
+      return "UIA_MenuClosedEventId";
+    case UIA_LayoutInvalidatedEventId:
+      return "UIA_LayoutInvalidatedEventId";
+    case UIA_Invoke_InvokedEventId:
+      return "UIA_Invoke_InvokedEventId";
+    case UIA_SelectionItem_ElementAddedToSelectionEventId:
+      return "UIA_SelectionItem_ElementAddedToSelectionEventId";
+    case UIA_SelectionItem_ElementRemovedFromSelectionEventId:
+      return "UIA_SelectionItem_ElementRemovedFromSelectionEventId";
+    case UIA_SelectionItem_ElementSelectedEventId:
+      return "UIA_SelectionItem_ElementSelectedEventId";
+    case UIA_Selection_InvalidatedEventId:
+      return "UIA_Selection_InvalidatedEventId";
+    case UIA_Text_TextSelectionChangedEventId:
+      return "UIA_Text_TextSelectionChangedEventId";
+    case UIA_Text_TextChangedEventId:
+      return "UIA_Text_TextChangedEventId";
+    case UIA_Window_WindowOpenedEventId:
+      return "UIA_Window_WindowOpenedEventId";
+    case UIA_Window_WindowClosedEventId:
+      return "UIA_Window_WindowClosedEventId";
+    case UIA_MenuModeStartEventId:
+      return "UIA_MenuModeStartEventId";
+    case UIA_MenuModeEndEventId:
+      return "UIA_MenuModeEndEventId";
+    case UIA_InputReachedTargetEventId:
+      return "UIA_InputReachedTargetEventId";
+    case UIA_InputReachedOtherElementEventId:
+      return "UIA_InputReachedOtherElementEventId";
+    case UIA_InputDiscardedEventId:
+      return "UIA_InputDiscardedEventId";
+    case UIA_SystemAlertEventId:
+      return "UIA_SystemAlertEventId";
+    case UIA_LiveRegionChangedEventId:
+      return "UIA_LiveRegionChangedEventId";
+    case UIA_HostedFragmentRootsInvalidatedEventId:
+      return "UIA_HostedFragmentRootsInvalidatedEventId";
+    case UIA_Drag_DragStartEventId:
+      return "UIA_Drag_DragStartEventId";
+    case UIA_Drag_DragCancelEventId:
+      return "UIA_Drag_DragCancelEventId";
+    case UIA_Drag_DragCompleteEventId:
+      return "UIA_Drag_DragCompleteEventId";
+    case UIA_DropTarget_DragEnterEventId:
+      return "UIA_DropTarget_DragEnterEventId";
+    case UIA_DropTarget_DragLeaveEventId:
+      return "UIA_DropTarget_DragLeaveEventId";
+    case UIA_DropTarget_DroppedEventId:
+      return "UIA_DropTarget_DroppedEventId";
+    case UIA_TextEdit_TextChangedEventId:
+      return "UIA_TextEdit_TextChangedEventId";
+    case UIA_TextEdit_ConversionTargetChangedEventId:
+      return "UIA_TextEdit_ConversionTargetChangedEventId";
+  }
+#endif
+  return "";
+}
+
+const char* GetControlType(long control_type) {
+#ifndef NDEBUG
+  switch (control_type) {
+    case UIA_ButtonControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_ButtonControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_CalendarControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_CalendarControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_CheckBoxControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_CheckBoxControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_ComboBoxControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_ComboBoxControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_EditControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_EditControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_HyperlinkControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_HyperlinkControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_ImageControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_ImageControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_ListItemControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_ListItemControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_ListControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_ListControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_MenuControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_MenuControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_MenuBarControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_MenuBarControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_MenuItemControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_MenuItemControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_ProgressBarControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_ProgressBarControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_RadioButtonControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_RadioButtonControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_ScrollBarControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_ScrollBarControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_SliderControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_SliderControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_SpinnerControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_SpinnerControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_StatusBarControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_StatusBarControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_TabControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_TabControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_TabItemControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_TabItemControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_TextControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_TextControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_ToolBarControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_ToolBarControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_ToolTipControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_ToolTipControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_TreeControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_TreeControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_TreeItemControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_TreeItemControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_CustomControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_CustomControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_GroupControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_GroupControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_ThumbControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_ThumbControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_DataGridControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_DataGridControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_DataItemControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_DataItemControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_DocumentControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_DocumentControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_SplitButtonControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_SplitButtonControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_WindowControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_WindowControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_PaneControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_PaneControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_HeaderControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_HeaderControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_HeaderItemControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_HeaderItemControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_TableControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_TableControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_TitleBarControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_TitleBarControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_SeparatorControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_SeparatorControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_SemanticZoomControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_SemanticZoomControlTypeId";
+    case UIA_AppBarControlTypeId:
+      return "UIA_AppBarControlTypeId";
+  }
+#endif
+  return "";
+}
+
+
+// SettingsAppMonitor::Context::EventHandler -----------------------------------
+
+SettingsAppMonitor::Context::EventHandler::EventHandler() = default;
+
+SettingsAppMonitor::Context::EventHandler::~EventHandler() = default;
+
+void SettingsAppMonitor::Context::EventHandler::Initialize(
+    scoped_refptr<base::SingleThreadTaskRunner> context_runner,
+    const base::WeakPtr<SettingsAppMonitor::Context>& context) {
+  context_runner_ = std::move(context_runner);
+  context_ = context;
+}
+
+HRESULT SettingsAppMonitor::Context::EventHandler::HandleAutomationEvent(
+    IUIAutomationElement* sender,
+    EVENTID event_id) {
+  DVLOG(1) << "event id: " << GetEventName(event_id) << ", automation id: "
+           << GetCachedBstrValue(sender, UIA_AutomationIdPropertyId)
+           << ", name: " << GetCachedBstrValue(sender, UIA_NamePropertyId)
+           << ", control type: " << GetControlType(GetCachedInt32Value(
+                                        sender, UIA_ControlTypePropertyId))
+           << ", is peripheral: "
+           << GetCachedBoolValue(sender, UIA_IsPeripheralPropertyId)
+           << ", class name: "
+           << GetCachedBstrValue(sender, UIA_ClassNamePropertyId)
+           << ", pid: " << GetCachedInt32Value(sender, UIA_ProcessIdPropertyId)
+           << ", value: "
+           << GetCachedBstrValue(sender, UIA_ValueValuePropertyId)
+           << ", runtime id: " << IntArrayToString(GetCachedInt32ArrayValue(
+                                      sender, UIA_RuntimeIdPropertyId));
+
+  if (event_id != UIA_Invoke_InvokedEventId)

[Patrick Monette, 2016/05/24 18:13:12]

This should never happen no?

[grt (UTC plus 2), 2016/05/24 18:48:35]

Correct. I had hooked this up to other event types during development, so it was
needed then. Removed.

+    return S_OK;
+
+  ElementType type = DetectElementType(sender);
+  switch (type) {
+    case ElementType::DEFAULT_BROWSER:
+      context_runner_->PostTask(
+          FROM_HERE,
+          base::Bind(&SettingsAppMonitor::Context::HandleChooserInvoked,
+                     context_));
+      break;
+    case ElementType::BROWSER_BUTTON: {
+      base::string16 browser_name(
+          GetCachedBstrValue(sender, UIA_NamePropertyId));
+      if (!browser_name.empty()) {
+        context_runner_->PostTask(
+            FROM_HERE,
+            base::Bind(&SettingsAppMonitor::Context::HandleBrowserChosen,
+                       context_, browser_name));
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    case ElementType::UNKNOWN:
+      break;
+  }
+
+  return S_OK;
+}
+
+HRESULT SettingsAppMonitor::Context::EventHandler::HandleFocusChangedEvent(
+    IUIAutomationElement* sender) {
+  DVLOG(1) << "focus changed for automation id: "
+           << GetCachedBstrValue(sender, UIA_AutomationIdPropertyId)
+           << ", name: " << GetCachedBstrValue(sender, UIA_NamePropertyId)
+           << ", control type: " << GetControlType(GetCachedInt32Value(
+                                        sender, UIA_ControlTypePropertyId))
+           << ", is peripheral: "
+           << GetCachedBoolValue(sender, UIA_IsPeripheralPropertyId)
+           << ", class name: "
+           << GetCachedBstrValue(sender, UIA_ClassNamePropertyId)
+           << ", pid: " << GetCachedInt32Value(sender, UIA_ProcessIdPropertyId)
+           << ", value: "
+           << GetCachedBstrValue(sender, UIA_ValueValuePropertyId)
+           << ", runtime id: " << IntArrayToString(GetCachedInt32ArrayValue(
+                                      sender, UIA_RuntimeIdPropertyId));
+  context_runner_->PostTask(
+      FROM_HERE,
+      base::Bind(&SettingsAppMonitor::Context::HandleFocusChangedEvent,
+                 context_,
+                 base::win::ScopedComPtr<IUIAutomationElement>(sender)));
+
+  return S_OK;
+}
+
+// SettingsAppMonitor::Context -------------------------------------------------
+
+base::WeakPtr<SettingsAppMonitor::Context>
+SettingsAppMonitor::Context::Create() {
+  Context* context = new Context();
+  return context->weak_ptr_factory_.GetWeakPtr();
+}
+
+void SettingsAppMonitor::Context::DeleteOnAutomationThread() {
+  DCHECK(task_runner_->BelongsToCurrentThread());
+  delete this;
+}
+
+void SettingsAppMonitor::Context::Initialize(
+    base::SingleThreadTaskRunner* task_runner,
+    base::SequencedTaskRunner* monitor_runner,
+    const base::WeakPtr<SettingsAppMonitor>& monitor) {
+  // This and all other methods must be called on the automation thread.
+  DCHECK(task_runner->BelongsToCurrentThread());
+  DCHECK(!monitor_runner->RunsTasksOnCurrentThread());
+
+  task_runner_ = task_runner;
+  monitor_runner_ = monitor_runner;
+  monitor_ = monitor;
+
+  HRESULT result = automation_.CreateInstance(CLSID_CUIAutomation, nullptr,
+                                              CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER);
+  if (SUCCEEDED(result))
+    result = automation_ ? InstallObservers() : E_FAIL;
+
+  // Tell the monitor that initialization is complete one way or the other.
+  monitor_runner_->PostTask(
+      FROM_HERE,
+      base::Bind(&SettingsAppMonitor::OnInitialized, monitor_, result));
+
+  // Self-destruct immediately if initialization failed to reduce overhead.
+  if (FAILED(result))
+    delete this;
+}
+
+SettingsAppMonitor::Context::Context() : weak_ptr_factory_(this) {}
+
+SettingsAppMonitor::Context::~Context() {
+  DCHECK(task_runner_->BelongsToCurrentThread());
+
+  if (event_handler_) {
+    event_handler_.Release();
+    automation_->RemoveAllEventHandlers();
+  }
+}
+
+void SettingsAppMonitor::Context::HandleFocusChangedEvent(
+    base::win::ScopedComPtr<IUIAutomationElement> sender) {
+  DCHECK(task_runner_->BelongsToCurrentThread());
+
+  if (DetectElementType(sender.get()) == ElementType::DEFAULT_BROWSER) {
+    if (!observed_app_focused_) {
+      observed_app_focused_ = true;
+      monitor_runner_->PostTask(
+          FROM_HERE, base::Bind(&SettingsAppMonitor::OnAppFocused, monitor_));
+    }
+  } else {
+    observed_app_focused_ = false;

[Patrick Monette, 2016/05/24 18:13:12]

Why is this reset every time the focus change to something else? Doesn't it
defeat the purpose which is to suppress multiple calls to OnAppFocused (based on
the comment for observed_app_focused_)? Why would you get 2 calls to
HandleFocusChangedEvent for the same sender?

[grt (UTC plus 2), 2016/05/24 18:48:35]

It's intended to collapse multiple focus events for the element into one.
I don't know, but I do!

[Patrick Monette, 2016/05/24 20:33:32]

¯\_(ツ)_/¯

+  }
+}
+
+void SettingsAppMonitor::Context::HandleChooserInvoked() {
+  DCHECK(task_runner_->BelongsToCurrentThread());
+  monitor_runner_->PostTask(
+      FROM_HERE, base::Bind(&SettingsAppMonitor::OnChooserInvoked, monitor_));
+}
+
+void SettingsAppMonitor::Context::HandleBrowserChosen(
+    const base::string16& browser_name) {
+  DCHECK(task_runner_->BelongsToCurrentThread());
+  monitor_runner_->PostTask(
+      FROM_HERE,
+      base::Bind(&SettingsAppMonitor::OnBrowserChosen, monitor_, browser_name));
+}
+
+base::win::ScopedComPtr<IUnknown>
+SettingsAppMonitor::Context::GetEventHandler() {
+  DCHECK(task_runner_->BelongsToCurrentThread());
+  if (!event_handler_) {
+    ATL::CComObject<EventHandler>* obj = nullptr;
+    HRESULT result = ATL::CComObject<EventHandler>::CreateInstance(&obj);
+    if (SUCCEEDED(result)) {
+      obj->Initialize(task_runner_, weak_ptr_factory_.GetWeakPtr());
+      obj->QueryInterface(event_handler_.Receive());
+    }
+  }
+  return event_handler_;
+}
+
+base::win::ScopedComPtr<IUIAutomationEventHandler>
+SettingsAppMonitor::Context::GetAutomationEventHandler() {
+  DCHECK(task_runner_->BelongsToCurrentThread());
+  base::win::ScopedComPtr<IUIAutomationEventHandler> handler;
+  handler.QueryFrom(GetEventHandler().get());
+  return handler;
+}
+
+base::win::ScopedComPtr<IUIAutomationFocusChangedEventHandler>
+SettingsAppMonitor::Context::GetFocusChangedEventHandler() {
+  DCHECK(task_runner_->BelongsToCurrentThread());
+  base::win::ScopedComPtr<IUIAutomationFocusChangedEventHandler> handler;
+  handler.QueryFrom(GetEventHandler().get());
+  return handler;
+}
+
+HRESULT SettingsAppMonitor::Context::InstallObservers() {
+  DCHECK(task_runner_->BelongsToCurrentThread());
+  DCHECK(automation_);
+
+  // Create a cache request so that elements received by way of events contain
+  // all data needed for procesing.
+  base::win::ScopedComPtr<IUIAutomationCacheRequest> cache_request;
+  HRESULT result = automation_->CreateCacheRequest(cache_request.Receive());
+  if (FAILED(result))
+    return result;
+  ConfigureCacheRequest(cache_request.get());
+
+  // Observe changes in focus.
+  result = automation_->AddFocusChangedEventHandler(
+      cache_request.get(), GetFocusChangedEventHandler().get());
+  if (FAILED(result))
+    return result;
+
+  // Observe invocations.
+  base::win::ScopedComPtr<IUIAutomationElement> desktop;
+  result = automation_->GetRootElement(desktop.Receive());
+  if (desktop) {
+    result = automation_->AddAutomationEventHandler(
+        UIA_Invoke_InvokedEventId, desktop.get(), TreeScope_Subtree,
+        cache_request.get(), GetAutomationEventHandler().get());
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+
+// SettingsAppMonitor ----------------------------------------------------------
+
+SettingsAppMonitor::SettingsAppMonitor(Delegate* delegate)
+    : delegate_(delegate),
+      automation_thread_("SettingsAppMonitorAutomation"),
+      weak_ptr_factory_(this) {
+  ui::win::CreateATLModuleIfNeeded();
+  // Start the automation thread and initialize the automation client on it.
+  context_ = Context::Create();
+  automation_thread_.init_com_with_mta(true);
+  automation_thread_.Start();
+  automation_thread_.task_runner()->PostTask(
+      FROM_HERE,
+      base::Bind(&SettingsAppMonitor::Context::Initialize, context_,
+                 base::Unretained(automation_thread_.task_runner().get()),
+                 base::Unretained(base::SequencedTaskRunnerHandle::Get().get()),
+                 weak_ptr_factory_.GetWeakPtr()));
+}
+
+SettingsAppMonitor::~SettingsAppMonitor() {
+  DCHECK(thread_checker_.CalledOnValidThread());
+
+  // context_ is still valid when the caller destroys the instance before the
+  // callback(s) have fired. In this case, delete the context on the automation
+  // thread before joining with it. DeleteSoon is not used because the monitor
+  // has only a WeakPtr to the context that is bound to the automation thread.
+  automation_thread_.task_runner()->PostTask(
+      FROM_HERE,
+      base::Bind(&SettingsAppMonitor::Context::DeleteOnAutomationThread,
+                 context_));
+}
+
+void SettingsAppMonitor::OnInitialized(HRESULT result) {
+  DCHECK(thread_checker_.CalledOnValidThread());
+  delegate_->OnInitialized(result);
+}
+
+void SettingsAppMonitor::OnAppFocused() {
+  DCHECK(thread_checker_.CalledOnValidThread());
+  delegate_->OnAppFocused();
+}
+
+void SettingsAppMonitor::OnChooserInvoked() {
+  DCHECK(thread_checker_.CalledOnValidThread());
+  delegate_->OnChooserInvoked();
+}
+
+void SettingsAppMonitor::OnBrowserChosen(const base::string16& browser_name) {
+  DCHECK(thread_checker_.CalledOnValidThread());
+  delegate_->OnBrowserChosen(browser_name);
+}
+
+}  // namespace win
+}  // namespace shell_integration