[wasm] Implement an interpreter for WASM.

src/wasm/wasm-interpreter.cc

Index: src/wasm/wasm-interpreter.cc
diff --git a/src/wasm/wasm-interpreter.cc b/src/wasm/wasm-interpreter.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..b2552e2ba4d9a1d054014381e7bd685943cd8f06
--- /dev/null
+++ b/src/wasm/wasm-interpreter.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,1787 @@
+// Copyright 2016 the V8 project authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+#include "src/wasm/wasm-interpreter.h"
+#include "src/wasm/ast-decoder.h"
+#include "src/wasm/decoder.h"
+#include "src/wasm/wasm-external-refs.h"
+#include "src/wasm/wasm-module.h"
+
+#include "src/base/accounting-allocator.h"
+#include "src/zone-containers.h"
+
+namespace v8 {
+namespace internal {
+namespace wasm {
+
+#if DEBUG
+#define TRACE(...)                                        \
+  do {                                                    \
+    if (FLAG_trace_wasm_interpreter) PrintF(__VA_ARGS__); \
+  } while (false)
+#else
+#define TRACE(...)
+#endif
+
+#define FOREACH_INTERNAL_OPCODE(V) V(Breakpoint, 0xFF)
+
+#define FOREACH_SIMPLE_BINOP(V) \
+  V(I32Add, uint32_t, +)        \
+  V(I32Sub, uint32_t, -)        \
+  V(I32Mul, uint32_t, *)        \
+  V(I32And, uint32_t, &)        \
+  V(I32Ior, uint32_t, |)        \
+  V(I32Xor, uint32_t, ^)        \
+  V(I32Eq, uint32_t, ==)        \
+  V(I32Ne, uint32_t, !=)        \
+  V(I32LtU, uint32_t, <)        \
+  V(I32LeU, uint32_t, <=)       \
+  V(I32GtU, uint32_t, >)        \
+  V(I32GeU, uint32_t, >=)       \
+  V(I32LtS, int32_t, <)         \
+  V(I32LeS, int32_t, <=)        \
+  V(I32GtS, int32_t, >)         \
+  V(I32GeS, int32_t, >=)        \
+  V(I64Add, uint64_t, +)        \
+  V(I64Sub, uint64_t, -)        \
+  V(I64Mul, uint64_t, *)        \
+  V(I64And, uint64_t, &)        \
+  V(I64Ior, uint64_t, |)        \
+  V(I64Xor, uint64_t, ^)        \
+  V(I64Eq, uint64_t, ==)        \
+  V(I64Ne, uint64_t, !=)        \
+  V(I64LtU, uint64_t, <)        \
+  V(I64LeU, uint64_t, <=)       \
+  V(I64GtU, uint64_t, >)        \
+  V(I64GeU, uint64_t, >=)       \
+  V(I64LtS, int64_t, <)         \
+  V(I64LeS, int64_t, <=)        \
+  V(I64GtS, int64_t, >)         \
+  V(I64GeS, int64_t, >=)        \
+  V(F32Add, float, +)           \
+  V(F32Sub, float, -)           \
+  V(F32Mul, float, *)           \
+  V(F32Div, float, /)           \
+  V(F32Eq, float, ==)           \
+  V(F32Ne, float, !=)           \
+  V(F32Lt, float, <)            \
+  V(F32Le, float, <=)           \
+  V(F32Gt, float, >)            \
+  V(F32Ge, float, >=)           \
+  V(F64Add, double, +)          \
+  V(F64Sub, double, -)          \
+  V(F64Mul, double, *)          \
+  V(F64Div, double, /)          \
+  V(F64Eq, double, ==)          \
+  V(F64Ne, double, !=)          \
+  V(F64Lt, double, <)           \
+  V(F64Le, double, <=)          \
+  V(F64Gt, double, >)           \
+  V(F64Ge, double, >=)
+
+#define FOREACH_OTHER_BINOP(V) \
+  V(I32DivS, int32_t)          \
+  V(I32DivU, uint32_t)         \
+  V(I32RemS, int32_t)          \
+  V(I32RemU, uint32_t)         \
+  V(I32Shl, uint32_t)          \
+  V(I32ShrU, uint32_t)         \
+  V(I32ShrS, int32_t)          \
+  V(I64DivS, int64_t)          \
+  V(I64DivU, uint64_t)         \
+  V(I64RemS, int64_t)          \
+  V(I64RemU, uint64_t)         \
+  V(I64Shl, uint64_t)          \
+  V(I64ShrU, uint64_t)         \
+  V(I64ShrS, int64_t)          \
+  V(I32Ror, int32_t)           \
+  V(I32Rol, int32_t)           \
+  V(I64Ror, int64_t)           \
+  V(I64Rol, int64_t)           \
+  V(F32Min, float)             \
+  V(F32Max, float)             \
+  V(F32CopySign, float)        \
+  V(F64Min, double)            \
+  V(F64Max, double)            \
+  V(F64CopySign, double)       \
+  V(I32AsmjsDivS, int32_t)     \
+  V(I32AsmjsDivU, uint32_t)    \
+  V(I32AsmjsRemS, int32_t)     \
+  V(I32AsmjsRemU, uint32_t)
+
+#define FOREACH_OTHER_UNOP(V)    \
+  V(I32Clz, uint32_t)            \
+  V(I32Ctz, uint32_t)            \
+  V(I32Popcnt, uint32_t)         \
+  V(I32Eqz, uint32_t)            \
+  V(I64Clz, uint64_t)            \
+  V(I64Ctz, uint64_t)            \
+  V(I64Popcnt, uint64_t)         \
+  V(I64Eqz, uint64_t)            \
+  V(F32Abs, float)               \
+  V(F32Neg, float)               \
+  V(F32Ceil, float)              \
+  V(F32Floor, float)             \
+  V(F32Trunc, float)             \
+  V(F32NearestInt, float)        \
+  V(F32Sqrt, float)              \
+  V(F64Abs, double)              \
+  V(F64Neg, double)              \
+  V(F64Ceil, double)             \
+  V(F64Floor, double)            \
+  V(F64Trunc, double)            \
+  V(F64NearestInt, double)       \
+  V(F64Sqrt, double)             \
+  V(I32SConvertF32, float)       \
+  V(I32SConvertF64, double)      \
+  V(I32UConvertF32, float)       \
+  V(I32UConvertF64, double)      \
+  V(I32ConvertI64, int64_t)      \
+  V(I64SConvertF32, float)       \
+  V(I64SConvertF64, double)      \
+  V(I64UConvertF32, float)       \
+  V(I64UConvertF64, double)      \
+  V(I64SConvertI32, int32_t)     \
+  V(I64UConvertI32, uint32_t)    \
+  V(F32SConvertI32, int32_t)     \
+  V(F32UConvertI32, uint32_t)    \
+  V(F32SConvertI64, int64_t)     \
+  V(F32UConvertI64, uint64_t)    \
+  V(F32ConvertF64, double)       \
+  V(F32ReinterpretI32, int32_t)  \
+  V(F64SConvertI32, int32_t)     \
+  V(F64UConvertI32, uint32_t)    \
+  V(F64SConvertI64, int64_t)     \
+  V(F64UConvertI64, uint64_t)    \
+  V(F64ConvertF32, float)        \
+  V(F64ReinterpretI64, int64_t)  \
+  V(I32ReinterpretF32, float)    \
+  V(I64ReinterpretF64, double)   \
+  V(I32AsmjsSConvertF32, float)  \
+  V(I32AsmjsUConvertF32, float)  \
+  V(I32AsmjsSConvertF64, double) \
+  V(I32AsmjsUConvertF64, double)
+
+static inline int32_t ExecuteI32DivS(int32_t a, int32_t b, TrapReason* trap) {
+  if (b == 0) {
+    *trap = kTrapDivByZero;
+    return 0;
+  }
+  if (b == -1 && a == std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::min()) {
+    *trap = kTrapDivUnrepresentable;
+    return 0;
+  }
+  return a / b;
+}
+
+static inline uint32_t ExecuteI32DivU(uint32_t a, uint32_t b,
+                                      TrapReason* trap) {
+  if (b == 0) {
+    *trap = kTrapDivByZero;
+    return 0;
+  }
+  return a / b;
+}
+
+static inline int32_t ExecuteI32RemS(int32_t a, int32_t b, TrapReason* trap) {
+  if (b == 0) {
+    *trap = kTrapRemByZero;
+    return 0;
+  }
+  if (b == -1) return 0;
+  return a % b;
+}
+
+static inline uint32_t ExecuteI32RemU(uint32_t a, uint32_t b,
+                                      TrapReason* trap) {
+  if (b == 0) {
+    *trap = kTrapRemByZero;
+    return 0;
+  }
+  return a % b;
+}
+
+static inline uint32_t ExecuteI32Shl(uint32_t a, uint32_t b, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return a << (b & 0x1f);
+}
+
+static inline uint32_t ExecuteI32ShrU(uint32_t a, uint32_t b,
+                                      TrapReason* trap) {
+  return a >> (b & 0x1f);
+}
+
+static inline int32_t ExecuteI32ShrS(int32_t a, int32_t b, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return a >> (b & 0x1f);
+}
+
+static inline int64_t ExecuteI64DivS(int64_t a, int64_t b, TrapReason* trap) {
+  if (b == 0) {
+    *trap = kTrapDivByZero;
+    return 0;
+  }
+  if (b == -1 && a == std::numeric_limits<int64_t>::min()) {
+    *trap = kTrapDivUnrepresentable;
+    return 0;
+  }
+  return a / b;
+}
+
+static inline uint64_t ExecuteI64DivU(uint64_t a, uint64_t b,
+                                      TrapReason* trap) {
+  if (b == 0) {
+    *trap = kTrapDivByZero;
+    return 0;
+  }
+  return a / b;
+}
+
+static inline int64_t ExecuteI64RemS(int64_t a, int64_t b, TrapReason* trap) {
+  if (b == 0) {
+    *trap = kTrapRemByZero;
+    return 0;
+  }
+  if (b == -1) return 0;
+  return a % b;
+}
+
+static inline uint64_t ExecuteI64RemU(uint64_t a, uint64_t b,
+                                      TrapReason* trap) {
+  if (b == 0) {
+    *trap = kTrapRemByZero;
+    return 0;
+  }
+  return a % b;
+}
+
+static inline uint64_t ExecuteI64Shl(uint64_t a, uint64_t b, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return a << (b & 0x3f);
+}
+
+static inline uint64_t ExecuteI64ShrU(uint64_t a, uint64_t b,
+                                      TrapReason* trap) {
+  return a >> (b & 0x3f);
+}
+
+static inline int64_t ExecuteI64ShrS(int64_t a, int64_t b, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return a >> (b & 0x3f);
+}
+
+static inline uint32_t ExecuteI32Ror(uint32_t a, uint32_t b, TrapReason* trap) {
+  uint32_t shift = (b & 0x1f);
+  return (a >> shift) | (a << (32 - shift));
+}
+
+static inline uint32_t ExecuteI32Rol(uint32_t a, uint32_t b, TrapReason* trap) {
+  uint32_t shift = (b & 0x1f);
+  return (a << shift) | (a >> (32 - shift));
+}
+
+static inline uint64_t ExecuteI64Ror(uint64_t a, uint64_t b, TrapReason* trap) {
+  uint32_t shift = (b & 0x3f);
+  return (a >> shift) | (a << (64 - shift));
+}
+
+static inline uint64_t ExecuteI64Rol(uint64_t a, uint64_t b, TrapReason* trap) {
+  uint32_t shift = (b & 0x3f);
+  return (a << shift) | (a >> (64 - shift));
+}
+
+static float quiet(float a) {
+  static const uint32_t kSignalingBit = 1 << 22;
+  uint32_t q = bit_cast<uint32_t>(std::numeric_limits<float>::quiet_NaN());
+  if ((q & kSignalingBit) != 0) {
+    // On some machines, the signaling bit set indicates it's a quiet NaN.
+    return bit_cast<float>(bit_cast<uint32_t>(a) | kSignalingBit);
+  } else {
+    // On others, the signaling bit set indicates it's a signaling NaN.
+    return bit_cast<float>(bit_cast<uint32_t>(a) & ~kSignalingBit);
+  }
+}
+
+static double quiet(double a) {
+  static const uint64_t kSignalingBit = 1ULL << 51;
+  uint64_t q = bit_cast<uint64_t>(std::numeric_limits<double>::quiet_NaN());
+  if ((q & kSignalingBit) != 0) {
+    // On some machines, the signaling bit set indicates it's a quiet NaN.
+    return bit_cast<double>(bit_cast<uint64_t>(a) | kSignalingBit);
+  } else {
+    // On others, the signaling bit set indicates it's a signaling NaN.
+    return bit_cast<double>(bit_cast<uint64_t>(a) & ~kSignalingBit);
+  }
+}
+
+static inline float ExecuteF32Min(float a, float b, TrapReason* trap) {
+  if (std::isnan(a)) return quiet(a);
+  if (std::isnan(b)) return quiet(b);
+  return std::min(a, b);
+}
+
+static inline float ExecuteF32Max(float a, float b, TrapReason* trap) {
+  if (std::isnan(a)) return quiet(a);
+  if (std::isnan(b)) return quiet(b);
+  return std::max(a, b);
+}
+
+static inline float ExecuteF32CopySign(float a, float b, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return copysignf(a, b);
+}
+
+static inline double ExecuteF64Min(double a, double b, TrapReason* trap) {
+  if (std::isnan(a)) return quiet(a);
+  if (std::isnan(b)) return quiet(b);
+  return std::min(a, b);
+}
+
+static inline double ExecuteF64Max(double a, double b, TrapReason* trap) {
+  if (std::isnan(a)) return quiet(a);
+  if (std::isnan(b)) return quiet(b);
+  return std::max(a, b);
+}
+
+static inline double ExecuteF64CopySign(double a, double b, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return copysign(a, b);
+}
+
+static inline int32_t ExecuteI32AsmjsDivS(int32_t a, int32_t b,
+                                          TrapReason* trap) {
+  if (b == 0) return 0;
+  if (b == -1 && a == std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::min()) {
+    return std::numeric_limits<int32_t>::min();
+  }
+  return a / b;
+}
+
+static inline uint32_t ExecuteI32AsmjsDivU(uint32_t a, uint32_t b,
+                                           TrapReason* trap) {
+  if (b == 0) return 0;
+  return a / b;
+}
+
+static inline int32_t ExecuteI32AsmjsRemS(int32_t a, int32_t b,
+                                          TrapReason* trap) {
+  if (b == 0) return 0;
+  if (b == -1) return 0;
+  return a % b;
+}
+
+static inline uint32_t ExecuteI32AsmjsRemU(uint32_t a, uint32_t b,
+                                           TrapReason* trap) {
+  if (b == 0) return 0;
+  return a % b;
+}
+
+static inline int32_t ExecuteI32AsmjsSConvertF32(float a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return DoubleToInt32(a);
+}
+
+static inline uint32_t ExecuteI32AsmjsUConvertF32(float a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return DoubleToUint32(a);
+}
+
+static inline int32_t ExecuteI32AsmjsSConvertF64(double a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return DoubleToInt32(a);
+}
+
+static inline uint32_t ExecuteI32AsmjsUConvertF64(double a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return DoubleToUint32(a);
+}
+
+static int32_t ExecuteI32Clz(uint32_t val, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return base::bits::CountLeadingZeros32(val);
+}
+
+static uint32_t ExecuteI32Ctz(uint32_t val, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return base::bits::CountTrailingZeros32(val);
+}
+
+static uint32_t ExecuteI32Popcnt(uint32_t val, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return word32_popcnt_wrapper(&val);
+}
+
+static inline uint32_t ExecuteI32Eqz(uint32_t val, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return val == 0 ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+static int64_t ExecuteI64Clz(uint64_t val, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return base::bits::CountLeadingZeros64(val);
+}
+
+static inline uint64_t ExecuteI64Ctz(uint64_t val, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return base::bits::CountTrailingZeros64(val);
+}
+
+static inline int64_t ExecuteI64Popcnt(uint64_t val, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return word64_popcnt_wrapper(&val);
+}
+
+static inline int32_t ExecuteI64Eqz(uint64_t val, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return val == 0 ? 1 : 0;
+}
+
+static inline float ExecuteF32Abs(float a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return bit_cast<float>(bit_cast<uint32_t>(a) & 0x7fffffff);
+}
+
+static inline float ExecuteF32Neg(float a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return bit_cast<float>(bit_cast<uint32_t>(a) ^ 0x80000000);
+}
+
+static inline float ExecuteF32Ceil(float a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return ceilf(a);
+}
+
+static inline float ExecuteF32Floor(float a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return floorf(a);
+}
+
+static inline float ExecuteF32Trunc(float a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return truncf(a);
+}
+
+static inline float ExecuteF32NearestInt(float a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return nearbyintf(a);
+}
+
+static inline float ExecuteF32Sqrt(float a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return sqrtf(a);
+}
+
+static inline double ExecuteF64Abs(double a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return bit_cast<double>(bit_cast<uint64_t>(a) & 0x7fffffffffffffff);
+}
+
+static inline double ExecuteF64Neg(double a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return bit_cast<double>(bit_cast<uint64_t>(a) ^ 0x8000000000000000);
+}
+
+static inline double ExecuteF64Ceil(double a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return ceil(a);
+}
+
+static inline double ExecuteF64Floor(double a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return floor(a);
+}
+
+static inline double ExecuteF64Trunc(double a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return trunc(a);
+}
+
+static inline double ExecuteF64NearestInt(double a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return nearbyint(a);
+}
+
+static inline double ExecuteF64Sqrt(double a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return sqrt(a);
+}
+
+static int32_t ExecuteI32SConvertF32(float a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  if (a < static_cast<float>(INT32_MAX) && a >= static_cast<float>(INT32_MIN)) {
+    return static_cast<int32_t>(a);
+  }
+  *trap = kTrapFloatUnrepresentable;
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static int32_t ExecuteI32SConvertF64(double a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  if (a < (static_cast<double>(INT32_MAX) + 1.0) &&
+      a > (static_cast<double>(INT32_MIN) - 1.0)) {
+    return static_cast<int32_t>(a);
+  }
+  *trap = kTrapFloatUnrepresentable;
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static uint32_t ExecuteI32UConvertF32(float a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  if (a < (static_cast<float>(UINT32_MAX) + 1.0) && a > -1) {
+    return static_cast<uint32_t>(a);
+  }
+  *trap = kTrapFloatUnrepresentable;
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static uint32_t ExecuteI32UConvertF64(double a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  if (a < (static_cast<float>(UINT32_MAX) + 1.0) && a > -1) {
+    return static_cast<uint32_t>(a);
+  }
+  *trap = kTrapFloatUnrepresentable;
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static inline uint32_t ExecuteI32ConvertI64(int64_t a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return static_cast<uint32_t>(a & 0xFFFFFFFF);
+}
+
+static int64_t ExecuteI64SConvertF32(float a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  int64_t output;
+  if (!float32_to_int64_wrapper(&a, &output)) {
+    *trap = kTrapFloatUnrepresentable;
+  }
+  return output;
+}
+
+static int64_t ExecuteI64SConvertF64(double a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  int64_t output;
+  if (!float64_to_int64_wrapper(&a, &output)) {
+    *trap = kTrapFloatUnrepresentable;
+  }
+  return output;
+}
+
+static uint64_t ExecuteI64UConvertF32(float a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  uint64_t output;
+  if (!float32_to_uint64_wrapper(&a, &output)) {
+    *trap = kTrapFloatUnrepresentable;
+  }
+  return output;
+}
+
+static uint64_t ExecuteI64UConvertF64(double a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  uint64_t output;
+  if (!float64_to_uint64_wrapper(&a, &output)) {
+    *trap = kTrapFloatUnrepresentable;
+  }
+  return output;
+}
+
+static inline int64_t ExecuteI64SConvertI32(int32_t a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return static_cast<int64_t>(a);
+}
+
+static inline int64_t ExecuteI64UConvertI32(uint32_t a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return static_cast<uint64_t>(a);
+}
+
+static inline float ExecuteF32SConvertI32(int32_t a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return static_cast<float>(a);
+}
+
+static inline float ExecuteF32UConvertI32(uint32_t a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return static_cast<float>(a);
+}
+
+static inline float ExecuteF32SConvertI64(int64_t a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  float output;
+  int64_to_float32_wrapper(&a, &output);
+  return output;
+}
+
+static inline float ExecuteF32UConvertI64(uint64_t a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  float output;
+  uint64_to_float32_wrapper(&a, &output);
+  return output;
+}
+
+static inline float ExecuteF32ConvertF64(double a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return static_cast<float>(a);
+}
+
+static inline float ExecuteF32ReinterpretI32(int32_t a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return bit_cast<float>(a);
+}
+
+static inline double ExecuteF64SConvertI32(int32_t a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return static_cast<double>(a);
+}
+
+static inline double ExecuteF64UConvertI32(uint32_t a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return static_cast<double>(a);
+}
+
+static inline double ExecuteF64SConvertI64(int64_t a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  double output;
+  int64_to_float64_wrapper(&a, &output);
+  return output;
+}
+
+static inline double ExecuteF64UConvertI64(uint64_t a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  double output;
+  uint64_to_float64_wrapper(&a, &output);
+  return output;
+}
+
+static inline double ExecuteF64ConvertF32(float a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return static_cast<double>(a);
+}
+
+static inline double ExecuteF64ReinterpretI64(int64_t a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return bit_cast<double>(a);
+}
+
+static inline int32_t ExecuteI32ReinterpretF32(float a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return bit_cast<int32_t>(a);
+}
+
+static inline int64_t ExecuteI64ReinterpretF64(double a, TrapReason* trap) {
+  return bit_cast<int64_t>(a);
+}
+
+enum InternalOpcode {
+#define DECL_INTERNAL_ENUM(name, value) kInternal##name = value,
+  FOREACH_INTERNAL_OPCODE(DECL_INTERNAL_ENUM)
+#undef DECL_INTERNAL_ENUM
+};
+
+static const char* OpcodeName(uint32_t val) {
+  switch (val) {
+#define DECL_INTERNAL_CASE(name, value) \
+  case kInternal##name:                 \
+    return "Internal" #name;
+    FOREACH_INTERNAL_OPCODE(DECL_INTERNAL_CASE)
+#undef DECL_INTERNAL_CASE
+  }
+  return WasmOpcodes::OpcodeName(static_cast<WasmOpcode>(val));
+}
+
+static const int kRunSteps = 1000;
+
+// A helper class to compute the control transfers for each bytecode offset.
+// Control transfers allow Br, BrIf, BrTable, If, Else, and End bytecodes to
+// be directly executed without the need to dynamically track blocks.
+class ControlTransfers : public ZoneObject {
+ public:
+  ControlTransferMap map_;
+
+  ControlTransfers(Zone* zone, size_t locals_encoded_size, const byte* start,
+                   const byte* end)
+      : map_(zone) {
+    // A control reference including from PC, from value depth, and whether
+    // a value is explicitly passed (e.g. br/br_if/br_table with value).
+    struct CRef {
+      const byte* pc;
+      sp_t value_depth;
+      bool explicit_value;
+    };
+
+    // Represents a control flow label.
+    struct CLabel : public ZoneObject {
+      const byte* target;
+      size_t value_depth;
+      ZoneVector<CRef> refs;
+
+      CLabel(Zone* zone, size_t v)
+          : target(nullptr), value_depth(v), refs(zone) {}
+
+      // Bind this label to the given PC.
+      void Bind(ControlTransferMap* map, const byte* start, const byte* pc,
+                bool expect_value) {
+        DCHECK_NULL(target);
+        target = pc;
+        for (auto from : refs) {
+          auto pcdiff = static_cast<pcdiff_t>(target - from.pc);
+          auto spdiff = static_cast<spdiff_t>(from.value_depth - value_depth);
+          ControlTransfer::StackAction action = ControlTransfer::kNoAction;
+          if (expect_value && !from.explicit_value) {
+            action = spdiff == 0 ? ControlTransfer::kPushVoid
+                                 : ControlTransfer::kPopAndRepush;
+          }
+          pc_t offset = static_cast<size_t>(from.pc - start);
+          (*map)[offset] = {pcdiff, spdiff, action};
+        }
+      }
+
+      // Reference this label from the given location.
+      void Ref(ControlTransferMap* map, const byte* start, CRef from) {
+        DCHECK_GE(from.value_depth, value_depth);
+        if (target) {
+          auto pcdiff = static_cast<pcdiff_t>(target - from.pc);
+          auto spdiff = static_cast<spdiff_t>(from.value_depth - value_depth);
+          pc_t offset = static_cast<size_t>(from.pc - start);
+          (*map)[offset] = {pcdiff, spdiff, ControlTransfer::kNoAction};
+        } else {
+          refs.push_back(from);
+        }
+      }
+    };
+
+    // An entry in the control stack.
+    struct Control {
+      const byte* pc;
+      CLabel* end_label;
+      CLabel* else_label;
+
+      void Ref(ControlTransferMap* map, const byte* start, const byte* from_pc,
+               size_t from_value_depth, bool explicit_value) {
+        end_label->Ref(map, start, {from_pc, from_value_depth, explicit_value});
+      }
+    };
+
+    // Compute the ControlTransfer map.
+    // This works by maintaining a stack of control constructs similar to the
+    // AST decoder. The {control_stack} allows matching {br,br_if,br_table}
+    // bytecodes with their target, as well as determining whether the current
+    // bytecodes are within the true or false block of an else.
+    // The value stack depth is tracked as {value_depth} and is needed to
+    // determine how many values to pop off the stack for explicit and
+    // implicit control flow.
+
+    std::vector<Control> control_stack;
+    size_t value_depth = 0;
+    Decoder decoder(start, end);  // for reading operands.
+    const byte* pc = start + locals_encoded_size;
+
+    while (pc < end) {
+      WasmOpcode opcode = static_cast<WasmOpcode>(*pc);
+      TRACE("@%td: control %s (depth = %zu)\n", (pc - start),
+            WasmOpcodes::OpcodeName(opcode), value_depth);
+      switch (opcode) {
+        case kExprBlock: {
+          TRACE("control @%td $%zu: Block\n", (pc - start), value_depth);
+          CLabel* label = new (zone) CLabel(zone, value_depth);
+          control_stack.push_back({pc, label, nullptr});
+          break;
+        }
+        case kExprLoop: {
+          TRACE("control @%td $%zu: Loop\n", (pc - start), value_depth);
+          CLabel* label1 = new (zone) CLabel(zone, value_depth);
+          CLabel* label2 = new (zone) CLabel(zone, value_depth);
+          control_stack.push_back({pc, label1, nullptr});
+          control_stack.push_back({pc, label2, nullptr});
+          label2->Bind(&map_, start, pc, false);
+          break;
+        }
+        case kExprIf: {
+          TRACE("control @%td $%zu: If\n", (pc - start), value_depth);
+          value_depth--;
+          CLabel* end_label = new (zone) CLabel(zone, value_depth);
+          CLabel* else_label = new (zone) CLabel(zone, value_depth);
+          control_stack.push_back({pc, end_label, else_label});
+          else_label->Ref(&map_, start, {pc, value_depth, false});
+          break;
+        }
+        case kExprElse: {
+          Control* c = &control_stack.back();
+          TRACE("control @%td $%zu: Else\n", (pc - start), value_depth);
+          c->end_label->Ref(&map_, start, {pc, value_depth, false});
+          value_depth = c->end_label->value_depth;
+          DCHECK_NOT_NULL(c->else_label);
+          c->else_label->Bind(&map_, start, pc + 1, false);
+          c->else_label = nullptr;
+          break;
+        }
+        case kExprEnd: {
+          Control* c = &control_stack.back();
+          TRACE("control @%td $%zu: End\n", (pc - start), value_depth);
+          if (c->end_label->target) {
+            // only loops have bound labels.
+            DCHECK_EQ(kExprLoop, *c->pc);
+            control_stack.pop_back();
+            c = &control_stack.back();
+          }
+          if (c->else_label) c->else_label->Bind(&map_, start, pc + 1, true);
+          c->end_label->Ref(&map_, start, {pc, value_depth, false});
+          c->end_label->Bind(&map_, start, pc + 1, true);
+          value_depth = c->end_label->value_depth + 1;
+          control_stack.pop_back();
+          break;
+        }
+        case kExprBr: {
+          BreakDepthOperand operand(&decoder, pc);
+          TRACE("control @%td $%zu: Br[arity=%u, depth=%u]\n", (pc - start),
+                value_depth, operand.arity, operand.depth);
+          value_depth -= operand.arity;
+          control_stack[control_stack.size() - operand.depth - 1].Ref(
+              &map_, start, pc, value_depth, operand.arity > 0);
+          value_depth++;
+          break;
+        }
+        case kExprBrIf: {
+          BreakDepthOperand operand(&decoder, pc);
+          TRACE("control @%td $%zu: BrIf[arity=%u, depth=%u]\n", (pc - start),
+                value_depth, operand.arity, operand.depth);
+          value_depth -= (operand.arity + 1);
+          control_stack[control_stack.size() - operand.depth - 1].Ref(
+              &map_, start, pc, value_depth, operand.arity > 0);
+          value_depth++;
+          break;
+        }
+        case kExprBrTable: {
+          BranchTableOperand operand(&decoder, pc);
+          TRACE("control @%td $%zu: BrTable[arity=%u count=%u]\n", (pc - start),
+                value_depth, operand.arity, operand.table_count);
+          value_depth -= (operand.arity + 1);
+          for (uint32_t i = 0; i < operand.table_count + 1; i++) {
+            uint32_t target = operand.read_entry(&decoder, i);
+            control_stack[control_stack.size() - target - 1].Ref(
+                &map_, start, pc + i, value_depth, operand.arity > 0);
+          }
+          value_depth++;
+          break;
+        }
+        default: {
+          value_depth = value_depth - OpcodeArity(pc, end) + 1;
+          break;
+        }
+      }
+
+      pc += OpcodeLength(pc, end);
+    }
+  }
+
+  ControlTransfer Lookup(pc_t from) {
+    auto result = map_.find(from);
+    if (result == map_.end()) {
+      V8_Fatal(__FILE__, __LINE__, "no control target for pc %zu", from);
+    }
+    return result->second;
+  }
+};
+
+// Code and metadata needed to execute a function.
+struct InterpreterCode {
+  const WasmFunction* function;  // wasm function
+  AstLocalDecls locals;          // local declarations
+  const byte* orig_start;        // start of original code
+  const byte* orig_end;          // end of original code
+  byte* start;                   // start of (maybe altered) code
+  byte* end;                     // end of (maybe altered) code
+  ControlTransfers* targets;     // helper for control flow.
+
+  const byte* at(pc_t pc) { return start + pc; }
+};
+
+// The main storage for interpreter code. It maps {WasmFunction} to the
+// metadata needed to execute each function.
+class CodeMap {
+ public:
+  Zone* zone_;
+  const WasmModule* module_;
+  ZoneVector<InterpreterCode> interpreter_code_;
+
+  CodeMap(const WasmModule* module, Zone* zone)
+      : zone_(zone), module_(module), interpreter_code_(zone) {
+    if (module == nullptr) return;
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < module->functions.size(); i++) {
+      const WasmFunction* function = &module->functions[i];
+      const byte* code_start =
+          module->module_start + function->code_start_offset;
+      const byte* code_end = module->module_start + function->code_end_offset;
+      AddFunction(function, code_start, code_end);
+    }
+  }
+
+  InterpreterCode* FindCode(const WasmFunction* function) {
+    if (function->func_index < interpreter_code_.size()) {
+      InterpreterCode* code = &interpreter_code_[function->func_index];
+      DCHECK_EQ(function, code->function);
+      return code;
+    }
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  InterpreterCode* GetCode(uint32_t function_index) {
+    CHECK_LT(function_index, interpreter_code_.size());
+    return Preprocess(&interpreter_code_[function_index]);
+  }
+
+  InterpreterCode* GetIndirectCode(uint32_t indirect_index) {
+    if (indirect_index >= module_->function_table.size()) return nullptr;
+    uint32_t index = module_->function_table[indirect_index];
+    if (index >= interpreter_code_.size()) return nullptr;
+    return GetCode(index);
+  }
+
+  InterpreterCode* Preprocess(InterpreterCode* code) {
+    if (code->targets == nullptr && code->start) {
+      // Compute the control targets map and the local declarations.
+      CHECK(DecodeLocalDecls(code->locals, code->start, code->end));
+      code->targets =
+          new (zone_) ControlTransfers(zone_, code->locals.decls_encoded_size,
+                                       code->orig_start, code->orig_end);
+    }
+    return code;
+  }
+
+  int AddFunction(const WasmFunction* function, const byte* code_start,
+                  const byte* code_end) {
+    InterpreterCode code = {
+        function, AstLocalDecls(zone_),          code_start,
+        code_end, const_cast<byte*>(code_start), const_cast<byte*>(code_end),
+        nullptr};
+
+    DCHECK_EQ(interpreter_code_.size(), function->func_index);
+    interpreter_code_.push_back(code);
+    return static_cast<int>(interpreter_code_.size()) - 1;
+  }
+
+  bool SetFunctionCode(const WasmFunction* function, const byte* start,
+                       const byte* end) {
+    InterpreterCode* code = FindCode(function);
+    if (code == nullptr) return false;
+    code->targets = nullptr;
+    code->orig_start = start;
+    code->orig_end = end;
+    code->start = const_cast<byte*>(start);
+    code->end = const_cast<byte*>(end);
+    Preprocess(code);
+    return true;
+  }
+};
+
+// Responsible for executing code directly.
+class ThreadImpl : public WasmInterpreter::Thread {
+ public:
+  ThreadImpl(Zone* zone, CodeMap* codemap, WasmModuleInstance* instance)
+      : codemap_(codemap),
+        instance_(instance),
+        stack_(zone),
+        frames_(zone),
+        state_(WasmInterpreter::STOPPED),
+        trap_reason_(kTrapCount) {}
+
+  virtual ~ThreadImpl() {}
+
+  //==========================================================================
+  // Implementation of public interface for WasmInterpreter::Thread.
+  //==========================================================================
+
+  virtual WasmInterpreter::State state() { return state_; }
+
+  virtual void PushFrame(const WasmFunction* function, WasmVal* args) {
+    InterpreterCode* code = codemap()->FindCode(function);
+    CHECK_NOT_NULL(code);
+    frames_.push_back({code, 0, 0, stack_.size()});
+    for (size_t i = 0; i < function->sig->parameter_count(); i++) {
+      stack_.push_back(args[i]);
+    }
+    frames_.back().ret_pc = InitLocals(code);
+    TRACE("  => push func#%u @%zu\n", code->function->func_index,
+          frames_.back().ret_pc);
+  }
+
+  virtual WasmInterpreter::State Run() {
+    do {
+      if (state_ == WasmInterpreter::STOPPED ||
+          state_ == WasmInterpreter::PAUSED) {
+        state_ = WasmInterpreter::RUNNING;
+        Execute(frames_.back().code, frames_.back().ret_pc, kRunSteps);
+      }
+    } while (state_ == WasmInterpreter::STOPPED);
+    return state_;
+  }
+
+  virtual WasmInterpreter::State Step() {
+    UNIMPLEMENTED();
+    return WasmInterpreter::STOPPED;
+  }
+
+  virtual void Pause() { UNIMPLEMENTED(); }
+
+  virtual void Reset() {
+    TRACE("----- RESET -----\n");
+    stack_.clear();
+    frames_.clear();
+    state_ = WasmInterpreter::STOPPED;
+    trap_reason_ = kTrapCount;
+  }
+
+  virtual int GetFrameCount() { return static_cast<int>(frames_.size()); }
+
+  virtual const WasmFrame* GetFrame(int index) {
+    UNIMPLEMENTED();
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  virtual WasmFrame* GetMutableFrame(int index) {
+    UNIMPLEMENTED();
+    return nullptr;
+  }
+
+  virtual WasmVal GetReturnValue() {
+    if (state_ == WasmInterpreter::TRAPPED) return WasmVal(0xdeadbeef);
+    CHECK_EQ(WasmInterpreter::FINISHED, state_);
+    CHECK_EQ(1, stack_.size());
+    return stack_[0];
+  }
+
+  bool Terminated() {
+    return state_ == WasmInterpreter::TRAPPED ||
+           state_ == WasmInterpreter::FINISHED;
+  }
+
+ private:
+  // Entries on the stack of functions being evaluated.
+  struct Frame {
+    InterpreterCode* code;
+    pc_t call_pc;
+    pc_t ret_pc;
+    sp_t sp;
+
+    // Limit of parameters.
+    sp_t plimit() { return sp + code->function->sig->parameter_count(); }
+    // Limit of locals.
+    sp_t llimit() { return plimit() + code->locals.total_local_count; }
+  };
+
+  CodeMap* codemap_;
+  WasmModuleInstance* instance_;
+  ZoneVector<WasmVal> stack_;
+  ZoneVector<Frame> frames_;
+  WasmInterpreter::State state_;
+  TrapReason trap_reason_;
+
+  CodeMap* codemap() { return codemap_; }
+  WasmModuleInstance* instance() { return instance_; }
+  const WasmModule* module() { return instance_->module; }
+
+  void DoTrap(TrapReason trap, pc_t pc) {
+    state_ = WasmInterpreter::TRAPPED;
+    trap_reason_ = trap;
+    CommitPc(pc);
+  }
+
+  // Push a frame with arguments already on the stack.
+  void PushFrame(InterpreterCode* code, pc_t call_pc, pc_t ret_pc) {
+    CHECK_NOT_NULL(code);
+    DCHECK(!frames_.empty());
+    frames_.back().call_pc = call_pc;
+    frames_.back().ret_pc = ret_pc;
+    size_t arity = code->function->sig->parameter_count();
+    DCHECK_GE(stack_.size(), arity);
+    // The parameters will overlap the arguments already on the stack.
+    frames_.push_back({code, 0, 0, stack_.size() - arity});
+    frames_.back().ret_pc = InitLocals(code);
+    TRACE("  => push func#%u @%zu\n", code->function->func_index,
+          frames_.back().ret_pc);
+  }
+
+  pc_t InitLocals(InterpreterCode* code) {
+    for (auto p : code->locals.local_types) {
+      WasmVal val;
+      switch (p.first) {
+        case kAstI32:
+          val = WasmVal(static_cast<int32_t>(0));
+          break;
+        case kAstI64:
+          val = WasmVal(static_cast<int64_t>(0));
+          break;
+        case kAstF32:
+          val = WasmVal(static_cast<float>(0));
+          break;
+        case kAstF64:
+          val = WasmVal(static_cast<double>(0));
+          break;
+        default:
+          UNREACHABLE();
+          break;
+      }
+      stack_.insert(stack_.end(), p.second, val);
+    }
+    return code->locals.decls_encoded_size;
+  }
+
+  void CommitPc(pc_t pc) {
+    if (!frames_.empty()) {
+      frames_.back().ret_pc = pc;
+    }
+  }
+
+  bool SkipBreakpoint(InterpreterCode* code, pc_t pc) {
+    // TODO(titzer): skip a breakpoint if we are resuming from it, or it
+    // is set for another thread only.
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  bool DoReturn(InterpreterCode** code, pc_t* pc, pc_t* limit, WasmVal val) {
+    DCHECK_GT(frames_.size(), 0u);
+    stack_.resize(frames_.back().sp);
+    frames_.pop_back();
+    if (frames_.size() == 0) {
+      // A return from the top frame terminates the execution.
+      state_ = WasmInterpreter::FINISHED;
+      stack_.clear();
+      stack_.push_back(val);
+      TRACE("  => finish\n");
+      return false;
+    } else {
+      // Return to caller frame.
+      Frame* top = &frames_.back();
+      *code = top->code;
+      *pc = top->ret_pc;
+      *limit = top->code->end - top->code->start;
+      if (top->code->start[top->call_pc] == kExprCallIndirect ||
+          (top->code->orig_start &&
+           top->code->orig_start[top->call_pc] == kExprCallIndirect)) {
+        // UGLY: An indirect call has the additional function index on the
+        // stack.
+        stack_.pop_back();
+      }
+      TRACE("  => pop func#%u @%zu\n", (*code)->function->func_index, *pc);
+
+      stack_.push_back(val);
+      return true;
+    }
+  }
+
+  void DoCall(InterpreterCode* target, pc_t* pc, pc_t ret_pc, pc_t* limit) {
+    PushFrame(target, *pc, ret_pc);
+    *pc = frames_.back().ret_pc;
+    *limit = target->end - target->start;
+  }
+
+  // Adjust the program counter {pc} and the stack contents according to the
+  // code's precomputed control transfer map. Returns the different between
+  // the new pc and the old pc.
+  int DoControlTransfer(InterpreterCode* code, pc_t pc) {
+    auto target = code->targets->Lookup(pc);
+    switch (target.action) {
+      case ControlTransfer::kNoAction:
+        TRACE("  action [sp-%u]\n", target.spdiff);
+        PopN(target.spdiff);
+        break;
+      case ControlTransfer::kPopAndRepush: {
+        WasmVal val = Pop();
+        TRACE("  action [pop x, sp-%u, push x]\n", target.spdiff - 1);
+        DCHECK_GE(target.spdiff, 1u);
+        PopN(target.spdiff - 1);
+        Push(pc, val);
+        break;
+      }
+      case ControlTransfer::kPushVoid:
+        TRACE("  action [sp-%u, push void]\n", target.spdiff);
+        PopN(target.spdiff);
+        Push(pc, WasmVal());
+        break;
+    }
+    return target.pcdiff;
+  }
+
+  void Execute(InterpreterCode* code, pc_t pc, int max) {
+    Decoder decoder(code->start, code->end);
+    pc_t limit = code->end - code->start;
+    while (true) {
+      if (max-- <= 0) {
+        // Maximum number of instructions reached.
+        state_ = WasmInterpreter::PAUSED;
+        return CommitPc(pc);
+      }
+
+      if (pc >= limit) {
+        // Fell off end of code; do an implicit return.
+        TRACE("@%-3zu: ImplicitReturn\n", pc);
+        WasmVal val = PopArity(code->function->sig->return_count());
+        if (!DoReturn(&code, &pc, &limit, val)) return;
+        decoder.Reset(code->start, code->end);
+        continue;
+      }
+
+      const char* skip = "";
+      int len = 1;
+      byte opcode = code->start[pc];
+      byte orig = opcode;
+      if (opcode == kInternalBreakpoint) {
+        if (SkipBreakpoint(code, pc)) {
+          // skip breakpoint by switching on original code.
+          orig = code->orig_start[pc];
+          skip = "[skip] ";
+        } else {
+          state_ = WasmInterpreter::PAUSED;
+          return CommitPc(pc);
+        }
+      }
+
+      USE(skip);
+      TRACE("@%-3zu: %s%-24s:", pc, skip,
+            WasmOpcodes::OpcodeName(static_cast<WasmOpcode>(orig)));
+      TraceValueStack();
+      TRACE("\n");
+
+      switch (orig) {
+        case kExprNop:
+          Push(pc, WasmVal());
+          break;
+        case kExprBlock:
+        case kExprLoop: {
+          // Do nothing.
+          break;
+        }
+        case kExprIf: {
+          WasmVal cond = Pop();
+          bool is_true = cond.to<uint32_t>() != 0;
+          if (is_true) {
+            // fall through to the true block.
+            TRACE("  true => fallthrough\n");
+          } else {
+            len = DoControlTransfer(code, pc);
+            TRACE("  false => @%zu\n", pc + len);
+          }
+          break;
+        }
+        case kExprElse: {
+          len = DoControlTransfer(code, pc);
+          TRACE("  end => @%zu\n", pc + len);
+          break;
+        }
+        case kExprSelect: {
+          WasmVal cond = Pop();
+          WasmVal fval = Pop();
+          WasmVal tval = Pop();
+          Push(pc, cond.to<int32_t>() != 0 ? tval : fval);
+          break;
+        }
+        case kExprBr: {
+          BreakDepthOperand operand(&decoder, code->at(pc));
+          WasmVal val = PopArity(operand.arity);
+          len = DoControlTransfer(code, pc);
+          TRACE("  br => @%zu\n", pc + len);
+          if (operand.arity > 0) Push(pc, val);
+          break;
+        }
+        case kExprBrIf: {
+          BreakDepthOperand operand(&decoder, code->at(pc));
+          WasmVal cond = Pop();
+          WasmVal val = PopArity(operand.arity);
+          bool is_true = cond.to<uint32_t>() != 0;
+          if (is_true) {
+            len = DoControlTransfer(code, pc);
+            TRACE("  br_if => @%zu\n", pc + len);
+            if (operand.arity > 0) Push(pc, val);
+          } else {
+            TRACE("  false => fallthrough\n");
+            len = 1 + operand.length;
+            Push(pc, WasmVal());
+          }
+          break;
+        }
+        case kExprBrTable: {
+          BranchTableOperand operand(&decoder, code->at(pc));
+          uint32_t key = Pop().to<uint32_t>();
+          WasmVal val = PopArity(operand.arity);
+          if (key >= operand.table_count) key = operand.table_count;
+          len = DoControlTransfer(code, pc + key) + key;
+          TRACE("  br[%u] => @%zu\n", key, pc + len);
+          if (operand.arity > 0) Push(pc, val);
+          break;
+        }
+        case kExprReturn: {
+          ReturnArityOperand operand(&decoder, code->at(pc));
+          WasmVal val = PopArity(operand.arity);
+          if (!DoReturn(&code, &pc, &limit, val)) return;
+          decoder.Reset(code->start, code->end);
+          continue;
+        }
+        case kExprUnreachable: {
+          DoTrap(kTrapUnreachable, pc);
+          return CommitPc(pc);
+        }
+        case kExprEnd: {
+          len = DoControlTransfer(code, pc);
+          DCHECK_EQ(1, len);
+          break;
+        }
+        case kExprI8Const: {
+          ImmI8Operand operand(&decoder, code->at(pc));
+          Push(pc, WasmVal(operand.value));
+          len = 1 + operand.length;
+          break;
+        }
+        case kExprI32Const: {
+          ImmI32Operand operand(&decoder, code->at(pc));
+          Push(pc, WasmVal(operand.value));
+          len = 1 + operand.length;
+          break;
+        }
+        case kExprI64Const: {
+          ImmI64Operand operand(&decoder, code->at(pc));
+          Push(pc, WasmVal(operand.value));
+          len = 1 + operand.length;
+          break;
+        }
+        case kExprF32Const: {
+          ImmF32Operand operand(&decoder, code->at(pc));
+          Push(pc, WasmVal(operand.value));
+          len = 1 + operand.length;
+          break;
+        }
+        case kExprF64Const: {
+          ImmF64Operand operand(&decoder, code->at(pc));
+          Push(pc, WasmVal(operand.value));
+          len = 1 + operand.length;
+          break;
+        }
+        case kExprGetLocal: {
+          LocalIndexOperand operand(&decoder, code->at(pc));
+          Push(pc, stack_[frames_.back().sp + operand.index]);
+          len = 1 + operand.length;
+          break;
+        }
+        case kExprSetLocal: {
+          LocalIndexOperand operand(&decoder, code->at(pc));
+          WasmVal val = Pop();
+          stack_[frames_.back().sp + operand.index] = val;
+          Push(pc, val);
+          len = 1 + operand.length;
+          break;
+        }
+        case kExprCallFunction: {
+          CallFunctionOperand operand(&decoder, code->at(pc));
+          InterpreterCode* target = codemap()->GetCode(operand.index);
+          DoCall(target, &pc, pc + 1 + operand.length, &limit);
+          code = target;
+          decoder.Reset(code->start, code->end);
+          continue;
+        }
+        case kExprCallIndirect: {
+          CallIndirectOperand operand(&decoder, code->at(pc));
+          size_t index = stack_.size() - operand.arity - 1;
+          DCHECK_LT(index, stack_.size());
+          uint32_t table_index = stack_[index].to<uint32_t>();
+          if (table_index >= module()->function_table.size()) {
+            return DoTrap(kTrapFuncInvalid, pc);
+          }
+          uint16_t function_index = module()->function_table[table_index];
+          InterpreterCode* target = codemap()->GetCode(function_index);
+          DCHECK(target);
+          if (target->function->sig_index != operand.index) {
+            return DoTrap(kTrapFuncSigMismatch, pc);
+          }
+
+          DoCall(target, &pc, pc + 1 + operand.length, &limit);
+          code = target;
+          decoder.Reset(code->start, code->end);
+          continue;
+        }
+        case kExprCallImport: {
+          UNIMPLEMENTED();
+          break;
+        }
+        case kExprLoadGlobal: {
+          GlobalIndexOperand operand(&decoder, code->at(pc));
+          const WasmGlobal* global = &module()->globals[operand.index];
+          byte* ptr = instance()->globals_start + global->offset;
+          MachineType type = global->type;
+          WasmVal val;
+          if (type == MachineType::Int8()) {
+            val =
+                WasmVal(static_cast<int32_t>(*reinterpret_cast<int8_t*>(ptr)));
+          } else if (type == MachineType::Uint8()) {
+            val =
+                WasmVal(static_cast<int32_t>(*reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(ptr)));
+          } else if (type == MachineType::Int16()) {
+            val =
+                WasmVal(static_cast<int32_t>(*reinterpret_cast<int16_t*>(ptr)));
+          } else if (type == MachineType::Uint16()) {
+            val = WasmVal(
+                static_cast<int32_t>(*reinterpret_cast<uint16_t*>(ptr)));
+          } else if (type == MachineType::Int32()) {
+            val = WasmVal(*reinterpret_cast<int32_t*>(ptr));
+          } else if (type == MachineType::Uint32()) {
+            val = WasmVal(*reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(ptr));
+          } else if (type == MachineType::Int64()) {
+            val = WasmVal(*reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(ptr));
+          } else if (type == MachineType::Uint64()) {
+            val = WasmVal(*reinterpret_cast<uint64_t*>(ptr));
+          } else if (type == MachineType::Float32()) {
+            val = WasmVal(*reinterpret_cast<float*>(ptr));
+          } else if (type == MachineType::Float64()) {
+            val = WasmVal(*reinterpret_cast<double*>(ptr));
+          } else {
+            UNREACHABLE();
+          }
+          Push(pc, val);
+          len = 1 + operand.length;
+          break;
+        }
+        case kExprStoreGlobal: {
+          GlobalIndexOperand operand(&decoder, code->at(pc));
+          const WasmGlobal* global = &module()->globals[operand.index];
+          byte* ptr = instance()->globals_start + global->offset;
+          MachineType type = global->type;
+          WasmVal val = Pop();
+          if (type == MachineType::Int8()) {
+            *reinterpret_cast<int8_t*>(ptr) =
+                static_cast<int8_t>(val.to<int32_t>());
+          } else if (type == MachineType::Uint8()) {
+            *reinterpret_cast<uint8_t*>(ptr) =
+                static_cast<uint8_t>(val.to<uint32_t>());
+          } else if (type == MachineType::Int16()) {
+            *reinterpret_cast<int16_t*>(ptr) =
+                static_cast<int16_t>(val.to<int32_t>());
+          } else if (type == MachineType::Uint16()) {
+            *reinterpret_cast<uint16_t*>(ptr) =
+                static_cast<uint16_t>(val.to<uint32_t>());
+          } else if (type == MachineType::Int32()) {
+            *reinterpret_cast<int32_t*>(ptr) = val.to<int32_t>();
+          } else if (type == MachineType::Uint32()) {
+            *reinterpret_cast<uint32_t*>(ptr) = val.to<uint32_t>();
+          } else if (type == MachineType::Int64()) {
+            *reinterpret_cast<int64_t*>(ptr) = val.to<int64_t>();
+          } else if (type == MachineType::Uint64()) {
+            *reinterpret_cast<uint64_t*>(ptr) = val.to<uint64_t>();
+          } else if (type == MachineType::Float32()) {
+            *reinterpret_cast<float*>(ptr) = val.to<float>();
+          } else if (type == MachineType::Float64()) {
+            *reinterpret_cast<double*>(ptr) = val.to<double>();
+          } else {
+            UNREACHABLE();
+          }
+          Push(pc, val);
+          len = 1 + operand.length;
+          break;
+        }
+
+#define LOAD_CASE(name, ctype, mtype)                                    \
+  case kExpr##name: {                                                    \
+    MemoryAccessOperand operand(&decoder, code->at(pc));                 \
+    uint32_t index = Pop().to<uint32_t>();                               \
+    size_t effective_mem_size = instance()->mem_size - sizeof(mtype);    \
+    if (operand.offset > effective_mem_size ||                           \
+        index > (effective_mem_size - operand.offset)) {                 \
+      return DoTrap(kTrapMemOutOfBounds, pc);                            \
+    }                                                                    \
+    byte* addr = instance()->mem_start + operand.offset + index;         \
+    /* TODO(titzer): alignment, endianness for load mem */               \
+    WasmVal result(static_cast<ctype>(*reinterpret_cast<mtype*>(addr))); \
+    Push(pc, result);                                                    \
+    len = 1 + operand.length;                                            \
+    break;                                                               \
+  }
+
+          LOAD_CASE(I32LoadMem8S, int32_t, int8_t);
+          LOAD_CASE(I32LoadMem8U, int32_t, uint8_t);
+          LOAD_CASE(I32LoadMem16S, int32_t, int16_t);
+          LOAD_CASE(I32LoadMem16U, int32_t, uint16_t);
+          LOAD_CASE(I64LoadMem8S, int64_t, int8_t);
+          LOAD_CASE(I64LoadMem8U, int64_t, uint8_t);
+          LOAD_CASE(I64LoadMem16S, int64_t, int16_t);
+          LOAD_CASE(I64LoadMem16U, int64_t, uint16_t);
+          LOAD_CASE(I64LoadMem32S, int64_t, int32_t);
+          LOAD_CASE(I64LoadMem32U, int64_t, uint32_t);
+          LOAD_CASE(I32LoadMem, int32_t, int32_t);
+          LOAD_CASE(I64LoadMem, int64_t, int64_t);
+          LOAD_CASE(F32LoadMem, float, float);
+          LOAD_CASE(F64LoadMem, double, double);
+#undef LOAD_CASE
+
+#define STORE_CASE(name, ctype, mtype)                                     \
+  case kExpr##name: {                                                      \
+    MemoryAccessOperand operand(&decoder, code->at(pc));                   \
+    WasmVal val = Pop();                                                   \
+    uint32_t index = Pop().to<uint32_t>();                                 \
+    size_t effective_mem_size = instance()->mem_size - sizeof(mtype);      \
+    if (operand.offset > effective_mem_size ||                             \
+        index > (effective_mem_size - operand.offset)) {                   \
+      return DoTrap(kTrapMemOutOfBounds, pc);                              \
+    }                                                                      \
+    byte* addr = instance()->mem_start + operand.offset + index;           \
+    /* TODO(titzer): alignment, endianness for store mem */                \
+    *reinterpret_cast<mtype*>(addr) = static_cast<mtype>(val.to<ctype>()); \
+    Push(pc, val);                                                         \
+    len = 1 + operand.length;                                              \
+    break;                                                                 \
+  }
+
+          STORE_CASE(I32StoreMem8, int32_t, int8_t);
+          STORE_CASE(I32StoreMem16, int32_t, int16_t);
+          STORE_CASE(I64StoreMem8, int64_t, int8_t);
+          STORE_CASE(I64StoreMem16, int64_t, int16_t);
+          STORE_CASE(I64StoreMem32, int64_t, int32_t);
+          STORE_CASE(I32StoreMem, int32_t, int32_t);
+          STORE_CASE(I64StoreMem, int64_t, int64_t);
+          STORE_CASE(F32StoreMem, float, float);
+          STORE_CASE(F64StoreMem, double, double);
+#undef STORE_CASE
+
+#define ASMJS_LOAD_CASE(name, ctype, mtype, defval)                 \
+  case kExpr##name: {                                               \
+    uint32_t index = Pop().to<uint32_t>();                          \
+    ctype result;                                                   \
+    if (index >= (instance()->mem_size - sizeof(mtype))) {          \
+      result = defval;                                              \
+    } else {                                                        \
+      byte* addr = instance()->mem_start + index;                   \
+      /* TODO(titzer): alignment for asmjs load mem? */             \
+      result = static_cast<ctype>(*reinterpret_cast<mtype*>(addr)); \
+    }                                                               \
+    Push(pc, WasmVal(result));                                      \
+    break;                                                          \
+  }
+          ASMJS_LOAD_CASE(I32AsmjsLoadMem8S, int32_t, int8_t, 0);
+          ASMJS_LOAD_CASE(I32AsmjsLoadMem8U, int32_t, uint8_t, 0);
+          ASMJS_LOAD_CASE(I32AsmjsLoadMem16S, int32_t, int16_t, 0);
+          ASMJS_LOAD_CASE(I32AsmjsLoadMem16U, int32_t, uint16_t, 0);
+          ASMJS_LOAD_CASE(I32AsmjsLoadMem, int32_t, int32_t, 0);
+          ASMJS_LOAD_CASE(F32AsmjsLoadMem, float, float,
+                          std::numeric_limits<float>::quiet_NaN());
+          ASMJS_LOAD_CASE(F64AsmjsLoadMem, double, double,
+                          std::numeric_limits<double>::quiet_NaN());
+#undef ASMJS_LOAD_CASE
+
+#define ASMJS_STORE_CASE(name, ctype, mtype)                                   \
+  case kExpr##name: {                                                          \
+    WasmVal val = Pop();                                                       \
+    uint32_t index = Pop().to<uint32_t>();                                     \
+    if (index < (instance()->mem_size - sizeof(mtype))) {                      \
+      byte* addr = instance()->mem_start + index;                              \
+      /* TODO(titzer): alignment for asmjs store mem? */                       \
+      *(reinterpret_cast<mtype*>(addr)) = static_cast<mtype>(val.to<ctype>()); \
+    }                                                                          \
+    Push(pc, val);                                                             \
+    break;                                                                     \
+  }
+
+          ASMJS_STORE_CASE(I32AsmjsStoreMem8, int32_t, int8_t);
+          ASMJS_STORE_CASE(I32AsmjsStoreMem16, int32_t, int16_t);
+          ASMJS_STORE_CASE(I32AsmjsStoreMem, int32_t, int32_t);
+          ASMJS_STORE_CASE(F32AsmjsStoreMem, float, float);
+          ASMJS_STORE_CASE(F64AsmjsStoreMem, double, double);
+#undef ASMJS_STORE_CASE
+
+        case kExprMemorySize: {
+          Push(pc, WasmVal(static_cast<uint32_t>(instance()->mem_size)));
+          break;
+        }
+#define EXECUTE_SIMPLE_BINOP(name, ctype, op)             \
+  case kExpr##name: {                                     \
+    WasmVal rval = Pop();                                 \
+    WasmVal lval = Pop();                                 \
+    WasmVal result(lval.to<ctype>() op rval.to<ctype>()); \
+    Push(pc, result);                                     \
+    break;                                                \
+  }
+          FOREACH_SIMPLE_BINOP(EXECUTE_SIMPLE_BINOP)
+#undef EXECUTE_SIMPLE_BINOP
+
+#define EXECUTE_OTHER_BINOP(name, ctype)              \
+  case kExpr##name: {                                 \
+    TrapReason trap = kTrapCount;                     \
+    volatile ctype rval = Pop().to<ctype>();          \
+    volatile ctype lval = Pop().to<ctype>();          \
+    WasmVal result(Execute##name(lval, rval, &trap)); \
+    if (trap != kTrapCount) return DoTrap(trap, pc);  \
+    Push(pc, result);                                 \
+    break;                                            \
+  }
+          FOREACH_OTHER_BINOP(EXECUTE_OTHER_BINOP)
+#undef EXECUTE_OTHER_BINOP
+
+#define EXECUTE_OTHER_UNOP(name, ctype)              \
+  case kExpr##name: {                                \
+    TrapReason trap = kTrapCount;                    \
+    volatile ctype val = Pop().to<ctype>();          \
+    WasmVal result(Execute##name(val, &trap));       \
+    if (trap != kTrapCount) return DoTrap(trap, pc); \
+    Push(pc, result);                                \
+    break;                                           \
+  }
+          FOREACH_OTHER_UNOP(EXECUTE_OTHER_UNOP)
+#undef EXECUTE_OTHER_UNOP
+
+        default:
+          V8_Fatal(__FILE__, __LINE__, "Unknown or unimplemented opcode #%d:%s",
+                   code->start[pc], OpcodeName(code->start[pc]));
+          UNREACHABLE();
+      }
+
+      pc += len;
+    }
+    UNREACHABLE();  // above decoding loop should run forever.
+  }
+
+  WasmVal Pop() {
+    DCHECK_GT(stack_.size(), 0u);
+    DCHECK_GT(frames_.size(), 0u);
+    DCHECK_GT(stack_.size(), frames_.back().llimit());  // can't pop into locals
+    WasmVal val = stack_.back();
+    stack_.pop_back();
+    return val;
+  }
+
+  void PopN(int n) {
+    DCHECK_GE(stack_.size(), static_cast<size_t>(n));
+    DCHECK_GT(frames_.size(), 0u);
+    size_t nsize = stack_.size() - n;
+    DCHECK_GE(nsize, frames_.back().llimit());  // can't pop into locals
+    stack_.resize(nsize);
+  }
+
+  WasmVal PopArity(size_t arity) {
+    if (arity == 0) return WasmVal();
+    CHECK_EQ(1, arity);
+    return Pop();
+  }
+
+  void Push(pc_t pc, WasmVal val) {
+    // TODO(titzer): store PC as well?
+    stack_.push_back(val);
+  }
+
+  void TraceStack(const char* phase, pc_t pc) {
+    if (FLAG_trace_wasm_interpreter) {
+      PrintF("%s @%zu", phase, pc);
+      UNIMPLEMENTED();
+      PrintF("\n");
+    }
+  }
+
+  void TraceValueStack() {
+    Frame* top = frames_.size() > 0 ? &frames_.back() : nullptr;
+    sp_t sp = top ? top->sp : 0;
+    sp_t plimit = top ? top->plimit() : 0;
+    sp_t llimit = top ? top->llimit() : 0;
+    if (FLAG_trace_wasm_interpreter) {
+      for (size_t i = sp; i < stack_.size(); i++) {
+        if (i < plimit)
+          PrintF(" p%zu:", i);
+        else if (i < llimit)
+          PrintF(" l%zu:", i);
+        else
+          PrintF(" s%zu:", i);
+        WasmVal val = stack_[i];
+        switch (val.type) {
+          case kAstI32:
+            PrintF("i32:%d", val.to<int32_t>());
+            break;
+          case kAstI64:
+            PrintF("i64:%" PRId64 "", val.to<int64_t>());
+            break;
+          case kAstF32:
+            PrintF("f32:%f", val.to<float>());
+            break;
+          case kAstF64:
+            PrintF("f64:%lf", val.to<double>());
+            break;
+          case kAstStmt:
+            PrintF("void");
+            break;
+          default:
+            UNREACHABLE();
+            break;
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }
+};
+
+//============================================================================
+// The implementation details of the interpreter.
+//============================================================================
+class WasmInterpreterInternals : public ZoneObject {
+ public:
+  WasmModuleInstance* instance_;
+  CodeMap codemap_;
+  ZoneVector<ThreadImpl> threads_;
+
+  WasmInterpreterInternals(Zone* zone, WasmModuleInstance* instance)
+      : instance_(instance),
+        codemap_(instance_ ? instance_->module : nullptr, zone),
+        threads_(zone) {
+    threads_.push_back(ThreadImpl(zone, &codemap_, instance));
+  }
+};
+
+//============================================================================
+// Implementation of the public interface of the interpreter.
+//============================================================================
+WasmInterpreter::WasmInterpreter(WasmModuleInstance* instance,
+                                 base::AccountingAllocator* allocator)
+    : zone_(allocator),
+      internals_(new (&zone_) WasmInterpreterInternals(&zone_, instance)) {}
+
+WasmInterpreter::~WasmInterpreter() {}
+
+void WasmInterpreter::Run() { internals_->threads_[0].Run(); }
+
+void WasmInterpreter::Pause() { internals_->threads_[0].Pause(); }
+
+bool WasmInterpreter::SetBreakpoint(const WasmFunction* function, int pc,
+                                    bool enabled) {
+  InterpreterCode* code = internals_->codemap_.FindCode(function);
+  if (!code) return false;
+  int size = static_cast<int>(code->end - code->start);
+  // Check bounds for {pc}.
+  if (pc < 0 || pc >= size) return false;
+  // Make a copy of the code before enabling a breakpoint.
+  if (enabled && code->orig_start == code->start) {
+    code->start = reinterpret_cast<byte*>(zone_.New(size));
+    memcpy(code->start, code->orig_start, size);
+    code->end = code->start + size;
+  }
+  bool prev = code->start[pc] == kInternalBreakpoint;
+  if (enabled) {
+    code->start[pc] = kInternalBreakpoint;
+  } else {
+    code->start[pc] = code->orig_start[pc];
+  }
+  return prev;
+}
+
+bool WasmInterpreter::GetBreakpoint(const WasmFunction* function, int pc) {
+  InterpreterCode* code = internals_->codemap_.FindCode(function);
+  if (!code) return false;
+  int size = static_cast<int>(code->end - code->start);
+  // Check bounds for {pc}.
+  if (pc < 0 || pc >= size) return false;
+  // Check if a breakpoint is present at that place in the code.
+  return code->start[pc] == kInternalBreakpoint;
+}
+
+bool WasmInterpreter::SetTracing(const WasmFunction* function, bool enabled) {
+  UNIMPLEMENTED();
+  return false;
+}
+
+int WasmInterpreter::GetThreadCount() {
+  return 1;  // only one thread for now.
+}
+
+WasmInterpreter::Thread& WasmInterpreter::GetThread(int id) {
+  CHECK_EQ(0, id);  // only one thread for now.
+  return internals_->threads_[id];
+}
+
+WasmVal WasmInterpreter::GetLocalVal(const WasmFrame* frame, int index) {
+  CHECK_GE(index, 0);
+  UNIMPLEMENTED();
+  WasmVal none;
+  none.type = kAstStmt;
+  return none;
+}
+
+WasmVal WasmInterpreter::GetExprVal(const WasmFrame* frame, int pc) {
+  UNIMPLEMENTED();
+  WasmVal none;
+  none.type = kAstStmt;
+  return none;
+}
+
+void WasmInterpreter::SetLocalVal(WasmFrame* frame, int index, WasmVal val) {
+  UNIMPLEMENTED();
+}
+
+void WasmInterpreter::SetExprVal(WasmFrame* frame, int pc, WasmVal val) {
+  UNIMPLEMENTED();
+}
+
+size_t WasmInterpreter::GetMemorySize() {
+  return internals_->instance_->mem_size;
+}
+
+WasmVal WasmInterpreter::ReadMemory(size_t offset) {
+  UNIMPLEMENTED();
+  return WasmVal();
+}
+
+void WasmInterpreter::WriteMemory(size_t offset, WasmVal val) {
+  UNIMPLEMENTED();
+}
+
+int WasmInterpreter::AddFunctionForTesting(const WasmFunction* function) {
+  return internals_->codemap_.AddFunction(function, nullptr, nullptr);
+}
+
+bool WasmInterpreter::SetFunctionCodeForTesting(const WasmFunction* function,
+                                                const byte* start,
+                                                const byte* end) {
+  return internals_->codemap_.SetFunctionCode(function, start, end);
+}
+
+ControlTransferMap WasmInterpreter::ComputeControlTransfersForTesting(
+    Zone* zone, const byte* start, const byte* end) {
+  ControlTransfers targets(zone, 0, start, end);
+  return targets.map_;
+}
+
+}  // namespace wasm
+}  // namespace internal
+}  // namespace v8