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| 1 .TH DJPEG 1 "18 February 2016" |
| 2 .SH NAME |
| 3 djpeg \- decompress a JPEG file to an image file |
| 4 .SH SYNOPSIS |
| 5 .B djpeg |
| 6 [ |
| 7 .I options |
| 8 ] |
| 9 [ |
| 10 .I filename |
| 11 ] |
| 12 .LP |
| 13 .SH DESCRIPTION |
| 14 .LP |
| 15 .B djpeg |
| 16 decompresses the named JPEG file, or the standard input if no file is named, |
| 17 and produces an image file on the standard output. PBMPLUS (PPM/PGM), BMP, |
| 18 GIF, Targa, or RLE (Utah Raster Toolkit) output format can be selected. |
| 19 (RLE is supported only if the URT library is available.) |
| 20 .SH OPTIONS |
| 21 All switch names may be abbreviated; for example, |
| 22 .B \-grayscale |
| 23 may be written |
| 24 .B \-gray |
| 25 or |
| 26 .BR \-gr . |
| 27 Most of the "basic" switches can be abbreviated to as little as one letter. |
| 28 Upper and lower case are equivalent (thus |
| 29 .B \-BMP |
| 30 is the same as |
| 31 .BR \-bmp ). |
| 32 British spellings are also accepted (e.g., |
| 33 .BR \-greyscale ), |
| 34 though for brevity these are not mentioned below. |
| 35 .PP |
| 36 The basic switches are: |
| 37 .TP |
| 38 .BI \-colors " N" |
| 39 Reduce image to at most N colors. This reduces the number of colors used in |
| 40 the output image, so that it can be displayed on a colormapped display or |
| 41 stored in a colormapped file format. For example, if you have an 8-bit |
| 42 display, you'd need to reduce to 256 or fewer colors. |
| 43 .TP |
| 44 .BI \-quantize " N" |
| 45 Same as |
| 46 .BR \-colors . |
| 47 .B \-colors |
| 48 is the recommended name, |
| 49 .B \-quantize |
| 50 is provided only for backwards compatibility. |
| 51 .TP |
| 52 .B \-fast |
| 53 Select recommended processing options for fast, low quality output. (The |
| 54 default options are chosen for highest quality output.) Currently, this is |
| 55 equivalent to \fB\-dct fast \-nosmooth \-onepass \-dither ordered\fR. |
| 56 .TP |
| 57 .B \-grayscale |
| 58 Force grayscale output even if JPEG file is color. Useful for viewing on |
| 59 monochrome displays; also, |
| 60 .B djpeg |
| 61 runs noticeably faster in this mode. |
| 62 .TP |
| 63 .B \-rgb |
| 64 Force RGB output even if JPEG file is grayscale. |
| 65 .TP |
| 66 .BI \-scale " M/N" |
| 67 Scale the output image by a factor M/N. Currently the scale factor must be |
| 68 M/8, where M is an integer between 1 and 16 inclusive, or any reduced fraction |
| 69 thereof (such as 1/2, 3/4, etc.) Scaling is handy if the image is larger than |
| 70 your screen; also, |
| 71 .B djpeg |
| 72 runs much faster when scaling down the output. |
| 73 .TP |
| 74 .B \-bmp |
| 75 Select BMP output format (Windows flavor). 8-bit colormapped format is |
| 76 emitted if |
| 77 .B \-colors |
| 78 or |
| 79 .B \-grayscale |
| 80 is specified, or if the JPEG file is grayscale; otherwise, 24-bit full-color |
| 81 format is emitted. |
| 82 .TP |
| 83 .B \-gif |
| 84 Select GIF output format. Since GIF does not support more than 256 colors, |
| 85 .B \-colors 256 |
| 86 is assumed (unless you specify a smaller number of colors). |
| 87 .TP |
| 88 .B \-os2 |
| 89 Select BMP output format (OS/2 1.x flavor). 8-bit colormapped format is |
| 90 emitted if |
| 91 .B \-colors |
| 92 or |
| 93 .B \-grayscale |
| 94 is specified, or if the JPEG file is grayscale; otherwise, 24-bit full-color |
| 95 format is emitted. |
| 96 .TP |
| 97 .B \-pnm |
| 98 Select PBMPLUS (PPM/PGM) output format (this is the default format). |
| 99 PGM is emitted if the JPEG file is grayscale or if |
| 100 .B \-grayscale |
| 101 is specified; otherwise PPM is emitted. |
| 102 .TP |
| 103 .B \-rle |
| 104 Select RLE output format. (Requires URT library.) |
| 105 .TP |
| 106 .B \-targa |
| 107 Select Targa output format. Grayscale format is emitted if the JPEG file is |
| 108 grayscale or if |
| 109 .B \-grayscale |
| 110 is specified; otherwise, colormapped format is emitted if |
| 111 .B \-colors |
| 112 is specified; otherwise, 24-bit full-color format is emitted. |
| 113 .PP |
| 114 Switches for advanced users: |
| 115 .TP |
| 116 .B \-dct int |
| 117 Use integer DCT method (default). |
| 118 .TP |
| 119 .B \-dct fast |
| 120 Use fast integer DCT (less accurate). |
| 121 In libjpeg-turbo, the fast method is generally about 5-15% faster than the int |
| 122 method when using the x86/x86-64 SIMD extensions (results may vary with other |
| 123 SIMD implementations, or when using libjpeg-turbo without SIMD extensions.) If |
| 124 the JPEG image was compressed using a quality level of 85 or below, then there |
| 125 should be little or no perceptible difference between the two algorithms. When |
| 126 decompressing images that were compressed using quality levels above 85, |
| 127 however, the difference between the fast and int methods becomes more |
| 128 pronounced. With images compressed using quality=97, for instance, the fast |
| 129 method incurs generally about a 4-6 dB loss (in PSNR) relative to the int |
| 130 method, but this can be larger for some images. If you can avoid it, do not |
| 131 use the fast method when decompressing images that were compressed using |
| 132 quality levels above 97. The algorithm often degenerates for such images and |
| 133 can actually produce a more lossy output image than if the JPEG image had been |
| 134 compressed using lower quality levels. |
| 135 .TP |
| 136 .B \-dct float |
| 137 Use floating-point DCT method. |
| 138 The float method is mainly a legacy feature. It does not produce significantly |
| 139 more accurate results than the int method, and it is much slower. The float |
| 140 method may also give different results on different machines due to varying |
| 141 roundoff behavior, whereas the integer methods should give the same results on |
| 142 all machines. |
| 143 .TP |
| 144 .B \-dither fs |
| 145 Use Floyd-Steinberg dithering in color quantization. |
| 146 .TP |
| 147 .B \-dither ordered |
| 148 Use ordered dithering in color quantization. |
| 149 .TP |
| 150 .B \-dither none |
| 151 Do not use dithering in color quantization. |
| 152 By default, Floyd-Steinberg dithering is applied when quantizing colors; this |
| 153 is slow but usually produces the best results. Ordered dither is a compromise |
| 154 between speed and quality; no dithering is fast but usually looks awful. Note |
| 155 that these switches have no effect unless color quantization is being done. |
| 156 Ordered dither is only available in |
| 157 .B \-onepass |
| 158 mode. |
| 159 .TP |
| 160 .BI \-map " file" |
| 161 Quantize to the colors used in the specified image file. This is useful for |
| 162 producing multiple files with identical color maps, or for forcing a |
| 163 predefined set of colors to be used. The |
| 164 .I file |
| 165 must be a GIF or PPM file. This option overrides |
| 166 .B \-colors |
| 167 and |
| 168 .BR \-onepass . |
| 169 .TP |
| 170 .B \-nosmooth |
| 171 Use a faster, lower-quality upsampling routine. |
| 172 .TP |
| 173 .B \-onepass |
| 174 Use one-pass instead of two-pass color quantization. The one-pass method is |
| 175 faster and needs less memory, but it produces a lower-quality image. |
| 176 .B \-onepass |
| 177 is ignored unless you also say |
| 178 .B \-colors |
| 179 .IR N . |
| 180 Also, the one-pass method is always used for grayscale output (the two-pass |
| 181 method is no improvement then). |
| 182 .TP |
| 183 .BI \-maxmemory " N" |
| 184 Set limit for amount of memory to use in processing large images. Value is |
| 185 in thousands of bytes, or millions of bytes if "M" is attached to the |
| 186 number. For example, |
| 187 .B \-max 4m |
| 188 selects 4000000 bytes. If more space is needed, temporary files will be used. |
| 189 .TP |
| 190 .BI \-outfile " name" |
| 191 Send output image to the named file, not to standard output. |
| 192 .TP |
| 193 .BI \-memsrc |
| 194 Load input file into memory before decompressing. This feature was implemented |
| 195 mainly as a way of testing the in-memory source manager (jpeg_mem_src().) |
| 196 .TP |
| 197 .BI \-skip " Y0,Y1" |
| 198 Decompress all rows of the JPEG image except those between Y0 and Y1 |
| 199 (inclusive.) Note that if decompression scaling is being used, then Y0 and Y1 |
| 200 are relative to the scaled image dimensions. |
| 201 .TP |
| 202 .BI \-crop " WxH+X+Y" |
| 203 Decompress only a rectangular subregion of the image, starting at point X,Y |
| 204 with width W and height H. If necessary, X will be shifted left to the nearest |
| 205 iMCU boundary, and the width will be increased accordingly. Note that if |
| 206 decompression scaling is being used, then X, Y, W, and H are relative to the |
| 207 scaled image dimensions. |
| 208 .TP |
| 209 .B \-verbose |
| 210 Enable debug printout. More |
| 211 .BR \-v 's |
| 212 give more output. Also, version information is printed at startup. |
| 213 .TP |
| 214 .B \-debug |
| 215 Same as |
| 216 .BR \-verbose . |
| 217 .TP |
| 218 .B \-version |
| 219 Print version information and exit. |
| 220 .SH EXAMPLES |
| 221 .LP |
| 222 This example decompresses the JPEG file foo.jpg, quantizes it to |
| 223 256 colors, and saves the output in 8-bit BMP format in foo.bmp: |
| 224 .IP |
| 225 .B djpeg \-colors 256 \-bmp |
| 226 .I foo.jpg |
| 227 .B > |
| 228 .I foo.bmp |
| 229 .SH HINTS |
| 230 To get a quick preview of an image, use the |
| 231 .B \-grayscale |
| 232 and/or |
| 233 .B \-scale |
| 234 switches. |
| 235 .B \-grayscale \-scale 1/8 |
| 236 is the fastest case. |
| 237 .PP |
| 238 Several options are available that trade off image quality to gain speed. |
| 239 .B \-fast |
| 240 turns on the recommended settings. |
| 241 .PP |
| 242 .B \-dct fast |
| 243 and/or |
| 244 .B \-nosmooth |
| 245 gain speed at a small sacrifice in quality. |
| 246 When producing a color-quantized image, |
| 247 .B \-onepass \-dither ordered |
| 248 is fast but much lower quality than the default behavior. |
| 249 .B \-dither none |
| 250 may give acceptable results in two-pass mode, but is seldom tolerable in |
| 251 one-pass mode. |
| 252 .PP |
| 253 If you are fortunate enough to have very fast floating point hardware, |
| 254 \fB\-dct float\fR may be even faster than \fB\-dct fast\fR. But on most |
| 255 machines \fB\-dct float\fR is slower than \fB\-dct int\fR; in this case it is |
| 256 not worth using, because its theoretical accuracy advantage is too small to be |
| 257 significant in practice. |
| 258 .SH ENVIRONMENT |
| 259 .TP |
| 260 .B JPEGMEM |
| 261 If this environment variable is set, its value is the default memory limit. |
| 262 The value is specified as described for the |
| 263 .B \-maxmemory |
| 264 switch. |
| 265 .B JPEGMEM |
| 266 overrides the default value specified when the program was compiled, and |
| 267 itself is overridden by an explicit |
| 268 .BR \-maxmemory . |
| 269 .SH SEE ALSO |
| 270 .BR cjpeg (1), |
| 271 .BR jpegtran (1), |
| 272 .BR rdjpgcom (1), |
| 273 .BR wrjpgcom (1) |
| 274 .br |
| 275 .BR ppm (5), |
| 276 .BR pgm (5) |
| 277 .br |
| 278 Wallace, Gregory K. "The JPEG Still Picture Compression Standard", |
| 279 Communications of the ACM, April 1991 (vol. 34, no. 4), pp. 30-44. |
| 280 .SH AUTHOR |
| 281 Independent JPEG Group |
| 282 .PP |
| 283 This file was modified by The libjpeg-turbo Project to include only information |
| 284 relevant to libjpeg-turbo, to wordsmith certain sections, and to describe |
| 285 features not present in libjpeg. |
| 286 .SH ISSUES |
| 287 Support for compressed GIF output files was removed in djpeg v6b due to |
| 288 concerns over the Unisys LZW patent. Although this patent expired in 2006, |
| 289 djpeg still lacks compressed GIF support, for these historical reasons. |
| 290 (Conversion of JPEG files to GIF is usually a bad idea anyway, since GIF is a |
| 291 256-color format.) The uncompressed GIF files that djpeg generates are larger |
| 292 than they should be, but they are readable by standard GIF decoders. |
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