[Findit] Modify handlers_util to prepare for the new UI change.

appengine/findit/handlers/handlers_util.py

Index: appengine/findit/handlers/handlers_util.py
diff --git a/appengine/findit/handlers/handlers_util.py b/appengine/findit/handlers/handlers_util.py
index 105c24ba6fb5f654f347f9682eaca4fb166c0249..a941de3bf4a81932fd89030a6695953c332e7146 100644
--- a/appengine/findit/handlers/handlers_util.py
+++ b/appengine/findit/handlers/handlers_util.py
@@ -13,101 +13,146 @@ from waterfall import buildbot
 from waterfall import waterfall_config
 
 
-FLAKY = 'Flaky'
+FLAKY = 200

[stgao, 2016/03/25 22:50:23]

How about creating a message module for these?

FLAKY_MESSAGE = 200

def getMessage(id):
  messages = {
    FLAKY_MESSAGE: 'Flaky',
  }
  return messages.get(id, '!!!MESSAGE BUG!!!')

[chanli, 2016/03/25 23:22:03]

Per our previous discussion, the status here are all enumeration. The messages
will be converted at the UI side.

 
+# Additional status for swarming tasks.
+NO_SWARMING_TASK_FOUND = 110
+NON_SWARMING_NO_RERUN = 120
 
-def GenerateSwarmingTasksData(master_name, builder_name, build_number):
+# Additional status for try jobs.
+NO_TRY_JOB_REASON_MAP = {
+    NO_SWARMING_TASK_FOUND: NO_SWARMING_TASK_FOUND,
+    NON_SWARMING_NO_RERUN: NON_SWARMING_NO_RERUN,
+    wf_analysis_status.PENDING: 130,
+    wf_analysis_status.ANALYZING: 140,
+    wf_analysis_status.ERROR: 150,
+}
+
+
+def _GetFailureResultMap(master_name, builder_name, build_number):
+  analysis = WfAnalysis.Get(master_name, builder_name, build_number)
+  if not analysis:
+    return None
+
+  return analysis.failure_result_map
+
+
+
+def _GetAllTestsForASwarmingTask(task_key, step_failure_result_map):

[stgao, 2016/03/25 22:50:24]

nit: three empty lines above.

[chanli, 2016/03/25 23:22:03]

Done.

+  all_tests = set()
+  for test_name, test_task_key in step_failure_result_map.iteritems():
+    if task_key == test_task_key:
+      all_tests.add(test_name)
+  return list(all_tests)
+
+
+def _GenerateSwarmingTasksData(failure_result_map):
   """Collects info for all related swarming tasks.
 
   Returns: A dict as below:
       {
           'step1': {
-              'swarming_tasks': [
-                  {
-                      'status': 'Completed',
-                      'task_id': 'task1',
-                      'task_url': (
-                          'https://chromium-swarm.appspot.com/user/task/task1'),
-                      'tests': ['test2']
-                  },
-                  {
-                      'status': 'Completed',
-                      'task_id': 'task0',
-                      'task_url': (
-                          'https://chromium-swarm.appspot.com/user/task/task0'),
-                      'tests': ['test1']
-                  }
-              ],
-              'tests': {
-                  'test1': {
-                      'status': 'Completed',
-                      'task_id': 'task0',
-                      'task_url': (
-                          'https://chromium-swarm.appspot.com/user/task/task0')
-                  },
-                  'test2': {
-                      'status': 'Completed',
-                      'task_id': 'task1',
-                      'task_url': (
-                          'https://chromium-swarm.appspot.com/user/task/task1')
+              'swarming_tasks': {
+                  'm/b/121': {
+                      'task_info': {
+                          'status': 'Completed',
+                          'task_id': 'task1',
+                          'task_url': ('https://chromium-swarm.appspot.com/user'
+                                       '/task/task1')
+                      },
+                      'all_tests': ['test2', 'test3', 'test4'],
+                      'reliable_tests': ['test2'],
+                      'flaky_tests': ['test3', 'test4']
                   }
               }
           },
           'step2': {
-              'swarming_tasks': [
-                  {
-                      'status': 'Pending'
+              'swarming_tasks': {
+                  'm/b/121': {
+                      'task_info': {
+                          'status': 'Pending'
+                      },
+                      'all_tests': ['test1']
                   }
-              ],
-              'tests': {
-                  'test1': {
-                      'status': 'Pending'
+              }
+          },
+          'step3': {
+              'swarming_tasks': {
+                  'm/b/121': {
+                      'task_info': {
+                          'status': 'No swarming rerun found'
+                      },
+                      'all_tests': ['test1']
                   }
               }
           }
       }
   """
-  tasks_info = defaultdict(dict)
+  swarming_server = waterfall_config.GetSwarmingSettings()['server_host']

[stgao, 2016/03/25 22:50:23]

This datastore read is not needed if we don't process any data.

[chanli, 2016/03/25 23:22:03]

Done.

 
-  analysis = WfAnalysis.Get(master_name, builder_name, build_number)
-  if not analysis:
-    return tasks_info
+  tasks_info = defaultdict(lambda: defaultdict(lambda: defaultdict(dict)))
 
-  failure_result_map = analysis.failure_result_map
   if failure_result_map:
     for step_name, failure in failure_result_map.iteritems():
+      step_tasks_info = tasks_info[step_name]['swarming_tasks']
       if isinstance(failure, dict):
-        # Only trigger swarming task for swarming test failures.
-        key_test_map = defaultdict(list)
-        for test_name, first_failure_key in failure.iteritems():
-          key_test_map[first_failure_key].append(test_name)
-
-        tasks_info[step_name]['swarming_tasks'] = []
-        tasks_info[step_name]['tests'] = defaultdict(dict)
-        step_tasks_info = tasks_info[step_name]['swarming_tasks']
-        tests = tasks_info[step_name]['tests']
-        for key, test_names in key_test_map.iteritems():
+        # Only swarming test failures have swarming re-runs.
+        swarming_task_keys = set()
+        for first_failure_key in failure.values():
+          swarming_task_keys.add(first_failure_key)

[stgao, 2016/03/25 22:50:24]

Maybe simplified with:

swarming_task_keys = set(failure.values())

[chanli, 2016/03/25 23:22:03]

Done.

+
+        for key in swarming_task_keys:
+          task_dict = step_tasks_info[key]
           referred_build_keys = key.split('/')
           task = WfSwarmingTask.Get(*referred_build_keys, step_name=step_name)
-          if not task:
-            continue
-          task_info = {
-              'status': wf_analysis_status.SWARMING_STATUS_TO_DESCRIPTION.get(
-                  task.status)
-          }
-          if task.task_id:
-            task_info['task_id'] = task.task_id
-            task_info['task_url'] = 'https://%s/user/task/%s' % (
-                waterfall_config.GetSwarmingSettings()['server_host'],
-                task.task_id)
+          if not task:  # In case task got manually removed from data store.
+            task_info = {
+                'status': NO_SWARMING_TASK_FOUND
+            }
+            task_dict['all_tests'] = _GetAllTestsForASwarmingTask(key, failure)
+          else:
+            task_info = {
+                'status': task.status
+            }
+
+            task_dict['all_tests'] = (
+                _GetAllTestsForASwarmingTask(key, failure)
+                if not (task.parameters and task.parameters.get('tests'))
+                else task.parameters['tests'])
+
+            # Get the step name without platform.
+            # This value should have been saved in task.parameters;
+            # in case of no such value saved, split the step_name.
+            task_dict['ref_name'] = (
+                step_name.split()[0]
+                if not task.parameters or not task.parameters.get('ref_name')
+                else task.parameters['ref_name'])
+
+            if task.task_id: # Swarming rerun has started.
+              task_info['task_id'] = task.task_id
+              task_info['task_url'] = 'https://%s/user/task/%s' % (
+                  swarming_server, task.task_id)
+            if task.classified_tests:  # Swarming rerun has result.

[stgao, 2016/03/25 22:50:23]

This is when the Swarming task completed?

[chanli, 2016/03/25 23:22:03]

Yes. this is derived from the result of swarming task.

+              task_dict['reliable_tests'] = task.classified_tests.get(
+                  'reliable_tests', [])
+              task_dict['flaky_tests'] = task.classified_tests.get(
+                  'flaky_tests', [])
+
+          task_dict['task_info'] = task_info
+      else:
+        step_tasks_info[failure] = {
+            'task_info': {
+                'status': NON_SWARMING_NO_RERUN
+            }
+        }
 
-          for test_name in test_names:
-            tests[test_name] = copy.deepcopy(task_info)
+  return tasks_info
 
-          task_info['tests'] = test_names
-          step_tasks_info.append(task_info)
 
-  return tasks_info
+def GetSwarmingTaskInfo(master_name, builder_name, build_number):
+  failure_result_map = _GetFailureResultMap(
+    master_name, builder_name, build_number)

[stgao, 2016/03/25 22:50:23]

nit: indent

[chanli, 2016/03/25 23:22:03]

Done.

+  return _GenerateSwarmingTasksData(failure_result_map)
 
 
 def _GetTryJobBuildNumber(url):
@@ -115,138 +160,264 @@ def _GetTryJobBuildNumber(url):
   return build_keys[2]
 
 
-def _GetCulpritInfoForTryJobResult(try_job_key, culprits_info):
+def _OrganizeTryJobResultByCulprits(try_job_culprits):
+  """Re-organize try job culprits by revision.
+
+  Args:
+    try_job_culprits (dict): A dict of culprits for one step organized by test:
+        {
+            'tests': {
+                'a_test1': {
+                    'revision': 'rev1',
+                    'commit_position': '1',
+                    'review_url': 'url_1'
+                },
+                'a_test2': {
+                    'revision': 'rev1',
+                    'commit_position': '1',
+                    'review_url': 'url_1'
+                }
+            }
+        }
+  Returns:
+    A dict of culprits for one step organized by revison:
+        {
+            'rev1': {
+                'revision': 'rev1',
+                'commit_position': '1',
+                'review_url': 'url_1',
+                'tests': ['a_test1', 'a_test2']
+            }
+        }
+  """
+  if not try_job_culprits or not try_job_culprits.get('tests'):
+    return {}
+
+  organized_culprits = {}
+  for test_name, culprit in try_job_culprits['tests'].iteritems():
+    revision = culprit['revision']
+    if organized_culprits.get(revision):
+      organized_culprits[revision]['failed_tests'].append(test_name)
+    else:
+      organized_culprits[revision] = culprit
+      organized_culprits[revision]['failed_tests'] = [test_name]
+
+  return organized_culprits
+
+
+def _GetCulpritInfoForTryJobResultForTest(try_job_key, culprits_info):
   referred_build_keys = try_job_key.split('/')
   try_job = WfTryJob.Get(*referred_build_keys)
-  if not try_job:
+  if not try_job or try_job.compile_results:
     return
 
-  if try_job.compile_results:
-    try_job_result = try_job.compile_results[-1]
-  elif try_job.test_results:
-    try_job_result = try_job.test_results[-1]
-  else:
-    try_job_result = None
-
-  additional_tests_culprit_info = {}
-  for culprit_info in culprits_info.values():
-    if culprit_info['try_job_key'] != try_job_key:
-      continue
-
-    # Only include try job result for reliable tests.
-    # Flaky tests have been marked as 'Flaky'.
-    culprit_info['status'] = (
-        wf_analysis_status.TRY_JOB_STATUS_TO_DESCRIPTION[try_job.status]
-        if not culprit_info.get('status') else culprit_info['status'])
-
-    if try_job_result and culprit_info['status'] != FLAKY:
-      if try_job_result.get('url'):
-        culprit_info['try_job_url'] = try_job_result['url']
-        culprit_info['try_job_build_number'] = (
+  try_job_result = try_job.test_results[-1] if try_job.test_results else None
+
+  for step_try_jobs in culprits_info.values():
+    # If try job found different culprits for each test, split tests by culprit.
+    additional_tests_culprit_info = []
+    for try_job_info in step_try_jobs['try_jobs']:
+      if try_job_key != try_job_info['try_job_key']:
+        continue
+
+      if try_job_info.get('status'):

[stgao, 2016/03/25 22:50:24]

"if not" instead?

[chanli, 2016/03/25 23:22:03]

I use 'if' here to reduce one level of indentation.

+        # The try job has been updated by swarming task, no try job yet or ever.

[stgao, 2016/03/25 22:50:23]

this comment seems not clear enough.

[chanli, 2016/03/25 23:22:03]

Done.

+        continue
+
+      try_job_info['status'] = try_job.status
+      # Needs to use ref_name to match step_name in try job.
+      ref_name = try_job_info['ref_name']

[stgao, 2016/03/25 22:50:23]

nit: not used outside of if below.

[chanli, 2016/03/25 23:22:03]

Done.

+      if try_job_result:
+        # Saves try job information.
+        try_job_info['try_job_url'] = try_job_result['url']
+        try_job_info['try_job_build_number'] = (
             _GetTryJobBuildNumber(try_job_result['url']))
-      if try_job_result.get('culprit'):
-        try_job_culprits = try_job_result['culprit']
-        step = culprit_info.get('step_no_platform', culprit_info['step_name'])
-        test = culprit_info['test_name']
-
-        if test == 'N/A':  # Only step level.
-          if try_job_culprits.get(step, {}).get('tests'):
-            # try job results has specified tests.
-            step_culprits = try_job_culprits[step]['tests']
-            for test_name, try_job_culprit in step_culprits.iteritems():
-              additional_test_key = '%s-%s' % (step, test_name)
-              additional_tests_culprit_info[additional_test_key] = {
-                  'step_name': step,
-                  'test_name': test_name,
-                  'try_job_key': try_job_key,
-                  'status': culprit_info['status'],
-                  'try_job_url': culprit_info['try_job_url'],
-                  'try_job_build_number': culprit_info['try_job_build_number'],
-                  'revision': try_job_culprit.get('revision'),
-                  'commit_position': try_job_culprit.get('commit_position'),
-                  'review_url': try_job_culprit.get('review_url')
-              }
-            continue
-          else:
-            # For historical culprit found by try job for compile,
-            # step name is not recorded.
-            culprit = try_job_culprits.get(step) or try_job_culprits
-        elif test in try_job_culprits.get(step, {}).get('tests'):
-          culprit = try_job_culprits[step]['tests'][test]
-        else:   # pragma: no cover
-          continue  # No culprit for test found.
-
-        culprit_info['revision'] = culprit.get('revision')
-        culprit_info['commit_position'] = culprit.get('commit_position')
-        culprit_info['review_url'] = culprit.get('review_url')
-
-  if additional_tests_culprit_info:
-    for key, test_culprit_info in additional_tests_culprit_info.iteritems():
-      culprits_info.pop(test_culprit_info['step_name'], None)
-      culprits_info[key] = test_culprit_info
-
-
-def _UpdateTryJobCulpritUsingSwarmingTask(
-    step_name, failure_key_set, culprits_info):
-  for failure_key in failure_key_set:
-    build_keys = failure_key.split('/')
-    task = WfSwarmingTask.Get(*build_keys, step_name=step_name)
-    if not task:
-      continue
-    classified_tests = task.classified_tests
-    step_no_platform = task.parameters.get(
-        'ref_name', step_name.split()[0])
-    for culprit_info in culprits_info.values():
-      if (culprit_info['try_job_key'] == failure_key and
-          step_name == culprit_info['step_name']):
-        culprit_info['step_no_platform'] = step_no_platform
-        if culprit_info['test_name'] in classified_tests.get('flaky_tests', []):
-          culprit_info['status'] = FLAKY
 
+        if (try_job_result.get('culprit') and
+            try_job_result['culprit'].get(ref_name)):
+          # Saves try job culprits information.
+
+          # Uses culprits to group tests.
+          culprit_tests_map = _OrganizeTryJobResultByCulprits(
+              try_job_result['culprit'][ref_name])
+          all_tests = try_job_info['tests']
+          list_of_culprits = []
+          for culprit_info in culprit_tests_map.values():
+            failed_tests = culprit_info['failed_tests']
+            list_of_culprits.append(culprit_info)
+            # Gets left over tests that didn't failed because of this culprit.
+            all_tests = list(set(all_tests) ^ set(failed_tests))

[stgao, 2016/03/25 22:50:24]

Name of ``all_tests`` seems a little misleading.

[chanli, 2016/03/25 23:22:03]

Done.

+            if not all_tests:
+              break

[stgao, 2016/03/25 22:50:24]

Why we stop here? Mind a comment?

[chanli, 2016/03/25 23:22:03]

Done.

+
+          index_start = 1
+          if all_tests:
+            # There are tests don't have try job culprits.
+            # Group these tests together.
+            # Save them in current try_job_info.
+            try_job_info['tests'] = all_tests
+            try_job_info['culprit'] = {}
+            # Saves all the tests that have culprits later.
+            index_start = 0
+          else:
+            # Saves the first culprit in current try_job_info.
+            # Saves all the other culprits later.
+            try_job_info['culprit'] = {
+                'revision': list_of_culprits[0]['revision'],
+                'commit_position': list_of_culprits[0]['commit_position'],
+                'review_url': list_of_culprits[0]['review_url']
+            }
+            try_job_info['tests'] = list_of_culprits[0]['failed_tests']
+
+          for n in xrange(index_start, len(list_of_culprits)):
+            iterate_culprit = list_of_culprits[n]
+            tmp_try_job_info = copy.deepcopy(try_job_info)
+            tmp_try_job_info['culprit'] = {
+                'revision': iterate_culprit['revision'],
+                'commit_position': iterate_culprit['commit_position'],
+                'review_url': iterate_culprit['review_url']
+            }
+            tmp_try_job_info['tests'] = iterate_culprit['failed_tests']
+            additional_tests_culprit_info.append(tmp_try_job_info)
+
+    if additional_tests_culprit_info:
+      step_try_jobs['try_jobs'].extend(additional_tests_culprit_info)
+
+
+def _UpdateTryJobInfoBasedOnSwarming(step_tasks_info, try_jobs):
+  """
+  Args:
+    step_tasks_info (dict): A dict of swarming task info for this step.
+        It is the result from _GenerateSwarmingTasksData.
+    try_jobs (list): A list to save try job data for the step, format as below:
+        [
+          {
+              'try_job_key': 'm/b/120'
+          },
+          {
+              'try_job_key': 'm/b/121'
+          },
+          ...
+        ]
+  """
+  additional_flakiness_list = []
+  for try_job in try_jobs:
+    try_job_key = try_job['try_job_key']
+    for swarming_task_key, task in step_tasks_info.get(
+        'swarming_tasks', {}).iteritems():
+      if swarming_task_key != try_job_key:

[stgao, 2016/03/25 22:50:23]

Why we need this check? A comment to explain is appreciated.

[chanli, 2016/03/25 23:22:03]

Yes... There will only be one task for each step in one build. Changed.

+        continue
+
+      if task['task_info']['status'] != wf_analysis_status.ANALYZED:
+        # There is someting wrong with swarming task or it's not done yet,
+        # no try job yet or ever.
+        try_job['status'] = NO_TRY_JOB_REASON_MAP[task['task_info']['status']]
+        try_job['tests'] = task['all_tests']
+      else:
+        try_job['ref_name'] = task['ref_name']
+        if task.get('reliable_tests'):
+          try_job['tests'] = task['reliable_tests']
+        elif task.get('flaky_tests'):  # pragma: no cover

[stgao, 2016/03/25 22:50:23]

It might be possible that a step has both flaky and reliable test failures.

Is that case also handled here?

[chanli, 2016/03/25 23:22:03]

Yes. That case is handled by ln329 - ln336.

+          # All Flaky.
+          try_job['status'] = FLAKY
+          try_job['tests'] = task['flaky_tests']
+
+      if task['task_info'].get('task_id'):
+        try_job['task_id'] = task['task_info']['task_id']
+        try_job['task_url'] = task['task_info']['task_url']
+
+        if task.get('flaky_tests') and task.get('reliable_tests'):
+          # Split this try job into two groups: flaky group and reliable group.
+          flaky_try_job = copy.deepcopy(try_job)
+          flaky_try_job['status'] = FLAKY
+          flaky_try_job['tests'] = task['flaky_tests']
+          flaky_try_job['task_id'] = task['task_info']['task_id']
+          flaky_try_job['task_url'] = task['task_info']['task_url']
+          additional_flakiness_list.append(flaky_try_job)
+
+  if additional_flakiness_list:
+    try_jobs.extend(additional_flakiness_list)
+
+
+def _GetAllTryJobResultsForTest(failure_result_map, tasks_info):
+  culprits_info = defaultdict(lambda: defaultdict(list))
+  if not tasks_info:
+    return culprits_info
 
-def GetAllTryJobResults(master_name, builder_name, build_number):
-  culprits_info = {}
   try_job_keys = set()
+  for step_name, step_failure_result_map in failure_result_map.iteritems():
+    try_jobs = culprits_info[step_name]['try_jobs']
 
-  analysis = WfAnalysis.Get(master_name, builder_name, build_number)
-  if not analysis:
-    return culprits_info
-
-  failure_result_map = analysis.failure_result_map
-  if failure_result_map:
-    # failure_result_map uses step_names as keys and saves referred try_job_keys
-    # If non-swarming, step_name and referred_try_job_key match directly as:
-    # step_name: try_job_key
-    # If swarming, add one more layer of tests, so the format would be:
-    # step_name: {
-    #     test_name1: try_job_key1,
-    #     test_name2: try_job_key2,
-    #     ...
-    # }
-    for step_name, step_failure_result_map in failure_result_map.iteritems():
-      if isinstance(step_failure_result_map, dict):
-        step_refering_keys = set()
-        for failed_test, try_job_key in step_failure_result_map.iteritems():
-          step_test_key = '%s-%s' % (step_name, failed_test)
-          culprits_info[step_test_key] = {
-              'step_name': step_name,
-              'test_name': failed_test,
+    if isinstance(step_failure_result_map, dict):
+      for try_job_key in step_failure_result_map.values():
+        if try_job_key not in try_job_keys:
+          try_job_dict = {
               'try_job_key': try_job_key
           }
-          step_refering_keys.add(try_job_key)
+          try_jobs.append(try_job_dict)
+          try_job_keys.add(try_job_key)
+    else:
+      # Try job should only be triggered for swarming tests, because we cannot
+      # identify flaky tests for non-swarming tests.
+      try_job_dict = {
+          'try_job_key': step_failure_result_map
+      }
+      try_jobs.append(try_job_dict)
 
-        _UpdateTryJobCulpritUsingSwarmingTask(
-            step_name, step_refering_keys, culprits_info)
-        try_job_keys.update(step_refering_keys)
-      else:
-        culprits_info[step_name] = {
-            'step_name': step_name,
-            'test_name': 'N/A',
-            'try_job_key': step_failure_result_map
-        }
-        try_job_keys.add(step_failure_result_map)
+    _UpdateTryJobInfoBasedOnSwarming(tasks_info[step_name], try_jobs)
 
-    for try_job_key in try_job_keys:
-      _GetCulpritInfoForTryJobResult(try_job_key, culprits_info)
+  for try_job_key in try_job_keys:
+    _GetCulpritInfoForTryJobResultForTest(try_job_key, culprits_info)
+
+  return culprits_info
+
+
+def _GetTryJobResultForCompile(failure_result_map):
+  try_job_key = failure_result_map['compile']
+  referred_build_keys = try_job_key.split('/')
+  culprit_info = defaultdict(lambda: defaultdict(list))
+
+  try_job = WfTryJob.Get(*referred_build_keys)
+  if not try_job or try_job.test_results:
+    return culprit_info
+
+  try_job_result = (
+      try_job.compile_results[-1] if try_job.compile_results else None)
+
+  compile_try_job = {
+      'try_job_key': try_job_key,
+      'status': try_job.status
+  }
+
+  if try_job_result:
+    if try_job_result.get('url'):
+      compile_try_job['try_job_url'] = try_job_result['url']
+      compile_try_job['try_job_build_number'] = (
+          _GetTryJobBuildNumber(try_job_result['url']))
+    if try_job_result.get('culprit', {}).get('compile'):
+      compile_try_job['culprit'] = try_job_result['culprit']['compile']
+
+  culprit_info['compile']['try_jobs'].append(compile_try_job)
+  return culprit_info
+
+
+def GetAllTryJobResults(master_name, builder_name, build_number):
+  culprits_info = {}
+  is_test_failure = True
+
+  failure_result_map = _GetFailureResultMap(
+    master_name, builder_name, build_number)

[stgao, 2016/03/25 22:50:23]

nit: indent.

[chanli, 2016/03/25 23:22:03]

Done.

+
+  if failure_result_map:
+    for step_name in failure_result_map:
+      if step_name == 'compile':
+        is_test_failure = False
+        break
+    if is_test_failure:
+      tasks_info = _GenerateSwarmingTasksData(failure_result_map)
+      culprits_info = _GetAllTryJobResultsForTest(
+          failure_result_map, tasks_info)
+    else:
+      culprits_info = _GetTryJobResultForCompile(failure_result_map)
 
   return culprits_info