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-PHP SmartyPants |
-=============== |
- |
-Version 1.5.1e - Fri 9 Dec 2005 |
- |
-by Michel Fortin |
-<http://www.michelf.com/> |
- |
-based on work by John Gruber |
-<http://daringfireball.net/> |
- |
- |
-Introduction |
------------- |
- |
-PHP SmartyPants is a port to PHP of the original SmartyPants written |
-in Perl by John Gruber. |
- |
-PHP SmartyPants is a free web publishing plug-in for WordPress and |
-Smarty template engine that easily translates plain ASCII punctuation |
-characters into "smart" typographic punctuation HTML entities. |
-SmartyPants can also be invoked as a standalone PHP function. |
- |
-SmartyPants can perform the following transformations: |
- |
-* Straight quotes (`"` and `'`) into "curly" quote HTML entities |
-* Backtick-style quotes (` ``like this'' `) into "curly" quote HTML |
- entities |
-* Dashes (`--` and `---`) into en- and em-dash entities |
-* Three consecutive dots (`...`) into an ellipsis entity |
- |
-This means you can write, edit, and save using plain old ASCII straight |
-quotes, plain dashes, and plain dots, but your published posts (and |
-final HTML output) will appear with smart quotes, em-dashes, and proper |
-ellipses. |
- |
-SmartyPants does not modify characters within `<pre>`, `<code>`, |
-`<kbd>`, or `<script>` tag blocks. Typically, these tags are used to |
-display text where smart quotes and other "smart punctuation" would not |
-be appropriate, such as source code or example markup. |
- |
- |
-### Backslash Escapes ### |
- |
-If you need to use literal straight quotes (or plain hyphens and |
-periods), SmartyPants accepts the following backslash escape sequences |
-to force non-smart punctuation. It does so by transforming the escape |
-sequence into a decimal-encoded HTML entity: |
- |
- |
- Escape Value Character |
- ------ ----- --------- |
- \\ \ \ |
- \" " " |
- \' ' ' |
- \. . . |
- \- - - |
- \` ` ` |
- |
- |
-This is useful, for example, when you want to use straight quotes as |
-foot and inch marks: |
- |
- 6\'2\" tall |
- |
-translates into: |
- |
- 6'2" tall |
- |
-in SmartyPants's HTML output. Which, when rendered by a web browser, |
-looks like: |
- |
- 6'2" tall |
- |
- |
-Installation and Requirement |
----------------------------- |
- |
-PHP SmartyPants require PHP version 4.0.5 or later. |
- |
- |
-### WordPress ### |
- |
-WordPress already include a filter called "Texturize" with the same |
-goal as SmartyPants. You could still find some usefulness to |
-PHP SmartyPants if you are not happy enough with the standard algorithm. |
- |
-PHP SmartyPants works with [WordPress][wp], version 1.2 or later. |
- |
-[wp]: http://wordpress.org/ |
- |
-1. To use PHP SmartyPants with WordPress, place the "smartypants.php" |
- file in the "plugins" folder. This folder is hidden inside |
- "wp-content" at the root of your site: |
- |
- (site home)/wp-content/plugins/smartypants.php |
- |
-2. Activate the plugin with the administrative interface of WordPress. |
- In the "Plugins" section you will now find SmartyPants. To activate |
- the plugin, click on the "Activate" button on the same line than |
- SmartyPants. Your entries will now be filtered by PHP SmartyPants. |
- |
-Note: It is not possible at this time to apply a different set of |
-filters to different entries. All your entries will be filtered by |
-PHP SmartyPants if the plugin is active. This is currently a limitation |
-of WordPress. |
- |
- |
-### Blosxom ### |
- |
-SmartyPants works with Blosxom version 2.0 or later. |
- |
-1. Rename the "SmartyPants.pl" plug-in to "SmartyPants" (case is |
- important). Movable Type requires plug-ins to have a ".pl" |
- extension; Blosxom forbids it (at least as of this writing). |
- |
-2. Copy the "SmartyPants" plug-in file to your Blosxom plug-ins folder. |
- If you're not sure where your Blosxom plug-ins folder is, see the |
- Blosxom documentation for information. |
- |
-3. That's it. The entries in your weblog should now automatically have |
- SmartyPants's default transformations applied. |
- |
-4. If you wish to configure SmartyPants's behavior, open the |
- "SmartyPants" plug-in, and edit the value of the `$smartypants_attr` |
- configuration variable, located near the top of the script. The |
- default value is 1; see "Options", below, for the full list of |
- supported values. |
- |
- |
-### In your programs ### |
- |
-You can use PHP SmartyPants easily in your current PHP program. Simply |
-include the file and then call the `SmartyPants` function on the text |
-you want to convert: |
- |
- include_once "smartypants.php"; |
- $my_text = SmartyPants($my_text); |
- |
- |
-### With Smarty ### |
- |
-If your program use the [Smarty][sm] template engine, PHP SmartyPants |
-can now be used as a modifier for your templates. Rename |
-"smartypants.php" to "modifier.smartypants.php" and put it in your |
-smarty plugins folder. |
- |
-[sm]: http://smarty.php.net/ |
- |
- |
-Options and Configuration |
-------------------------- |
- |
-Settings are specified by editing the value of the `$smartypants_attr` |
-variable in the "smartypants.php" file. For users of the Smarty template |
-engine, the "smartypants" modifier also takes an optional attribute where |
-you can specify configuration options, like this: |
-`{$var|smartypants:1}` (where "1" is the configuration option). |
- |
-Numeric values are the easiest way to configure SmartyPants's behavior: |
- |
-"0" |
- Suppress all transformations. (Do nothing.) |
- |
-"1" |
- Performs default SmartyPants transformations: quotes (including |
- backticks-style), em-dashes, and ellipses. `--` (dash dash) is |
- used to signify an em-dash; there is no support for en-dashes. |
- |
-"2" |
- Same as smarty_pants="1", except that it uses the old-school |
- typewriter shorthand for dashes: `--` (dash dash) for en-dashes, |
- `---` (dash dash dash) for em-dashes. |
- |
-"3" |
- Same as smarty_pants="2", but inverts the shorthand for dashes: `--` |
- (dash dash) for em-dashes, and `---` (dash dash dash) for en-dashes. |
- |
-"-1" |
- Stupefy mode. Reverses the SmartyPants transformation process, |
- turning the HTML entities produced by SmartyPants into their ASCII |
- equivalents. E.g. `“` is turned into a simple double-quote |
- (`"`), `—` is turned into two dashes, etc. This is useful if you |
- wish to suppress smart punctuation in specific pages, such as |
- RSS feeds. |
- |
-The following single-character attribute values can be combined to |
-toggle individual transformations from within the smarty_pants |
-attribute. For example, to educate normal quotes and em-dashes, but not |
-ellipses or backticks-style quotes: |
- |
- $smartypants_attr = "qd"; |
- |
-Or inside a Smarty template: |
- |
- {$var|smartypants:"qd"} |
- |
-"q" |
- Educates normal quote characters: (`"`) and (`'`). |
- |
-"b" |
- Educates ` ``backticks'' ` double quotes. |
- |
-"B" |
- Educates backticks-style double quotes and ` `single' ` quotes. |
- |
-"d" |
- Educates em-dashes. |
- |
-"D" |
- Educates em-dashes and en-dashes, using old-school typewriter |
- shorthand: (dash dash) for en-dashes, (dash dash dash) for |
- em-dashes. |
- |
-"i" |
- Educates em-dashes and en-dashes, using inverted old-school |
- typewriter shorthand: (dash dash) for em-dashes, (dash dash dash) |
- for en-dashes. |
- |
-"e" |
- Educates ellipses. |
- |
-"w" |
- Translates any instance of `"` into a normal double-quote |
- character. This should be of no interest to most people, but of |
- particular interest to anyone who writes their posts using |
- Dreamweaver, as Dreamweaver inexplicably uses this entity to |
- represent a literal double-quote character. SmartyPants only |
- educates normal quotes, not entities (because ordinarily, entities |
- are used for the explicit purpose of representing the specific |
- character they represent). The "w" option must be used in |
- conjunction with one (or both) of the other quote options ("q" or |
- "b"). Thus, if you wish to apply all SmartyPants transformations |
- (quotes, en- and em-dashes, and ellipses) and also translate |
- `"` entities into regular quotes so SmartyPants can educate |
- them, you should pass the following to the smarty_pants attribute: |
- |
- $smartypants_attr = "qDew"; |
- |
- Inside a Smarty template, this will be: |
- |
- {$var|smartypants:"qDew"} |
- |
- |
-Caveats |
-------- |
- |
-### Why You Might Not Want to Use Smart Quotes in Your Weblog ### |
- |
-For one thing, you might not care. |
- |
-Most normal, mentally stable individuals do not take notice of proper |
-typographic punctuation. Many design and typography nerds, however, |
-break out in a nasty rash when they encounter, say, a restaurant sign |
-that uses a straight apostrophe to spell "Joe's". |
- |
-If you're the sort of person who just doesn't care, you might well want |
-to continue not caring. Using straight quotes -- and sticking to the |
-7-bit ASCII character set in general -- is certainly a simpler way to |
-live. |
- |
-Even if you *do* care about accurate typography, you still might want to |
-think twice before educating the quote characters in your weblog. One |
-side effect of publishing curly quote HTML entities is that it makes |
-your weblog a bit harder for others to quote from using copy-and-paste. |
-What happens is that when someone copies text from your blog, the copied |
-text contains the 8-bit curly quote characters (as well as the 8-bit |
-characters for em-dashes and ellipses, if you use these options). These |
-characters are not standard across different text encoding methods, |
-which is why they need to be encoded as HTML entities. |
- |
-People copying text from your weblog, however, may not notice that |
-you're using curly quotes, and they'll go ahead and paste the unencoded |
-8-bit characters copied from their browser into an email message or |
-their own weblog. When pasted as raw "smart quotes", these characters |
-are likely to get mangled beyond recognition. |
- |
-That said, my own opinion is that any decent text editor or email client |
-makes it easy to stupefy smart quote characters into their 7-bit |
-equivalents, and I don't consider it my problem if you're using an |
-indecent text editor or email client. |
- |
-### Algorithmic Shortcomings ### |
- |
-One situation in which quotes will get curled the wrong way is when |
-apostrophes are used at the start of leading contractions. For example: |
- |
- 'Twas the night before Christmas. |
- |
-In the case above, SmartyPants will turn the apostrophe into an opening |
-single-quote, when in fact it should be a closing one. I don't think |
-this problem can be solved in the general case -- every word processor |
-I've tried gets this wrong as well. In such cases, it's best to use the |
-proper HTML entity for closing single-quotes (`’` or `’`) by |
-hand. |
- |
- |
-Bugs |
----- |
- |
-To file bug reports or feature requests (other than topics listed in the |
-Caveats section above) please send email to: |
- |
-<michel.fortin@michelf.com> |
- |
-If the bug involves quotes being curled the wrong way, please send |
-example text to illustrate. |
- |
- |
-Version History |
---------------- |
- |
-1.5.1e (9 Dec 2005) |
- |
-* Corrected a bug that prevented special characters from being |
- escaped. |
- |
- |
-1.5.1d (6 Jun 2005) |
- |
-* Correct a small bug in `_TokenizeHTML` where a Doctype declaration |
- was not seen as HTML, making curly quotes inside it. |
- |
- |
-1.5.1c (13 Dec 2004) |
- |
-* Changed a regular expression in `_TokenizeHTML` that could lead |
- to a segmentation fault with PHP 4.3.8 on Linux. |
- |
- |
-1.5.1b (6 Sep 2004) |
- |
-* Corrected a problem with quotes immediately following a dash |
- with no space between: `Text--"quoted text"--text.` |
- |
-* PHP SmartyPants can now be used as a modifier by the Smarty |
- template engine. Rename the file to "modifier.smartypants.php" |
- and put it in your smarty plugins folder. |
- |
-* Replaced a lot of spaces characters by tabs, saving about 4 KB. |
- |
- |
-1.5.1a (30 Jun 2004) |
- |
-* PHP Markdown and PHP Smartypants now share the same `_TokenizeHTML` |
- function when loaded simultanously. |
- |
-* Changed the internals of `_TokenizeHTML` to lower the PHP version |
- requirement to PHP 4.0.5. |
- |
- |
-1.5.1 (6 Jun 2004) |
- |
-* Initial release of PHP SmartyPants, based on version 1.5.1 of the |
- original SmartyPants written in Perl. |
- |
- |
-Copyright and License |
---------------------- |
- |
-Copyright (c) 2005 Michel Fortin |
-<http://www.michelf.com/> |
-All rights reserved. |
- |
-Copyright (c) 2003-2004 John Gruber |
-<http://daringfireball.net/> |
-All rights reserved. |
- |
-Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without |
-modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are |
-met: |
- |
-* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, |
- this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. |
- |
-* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright |
- notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the |
- documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. |
- |
-* Neither the name "SmartyPants" nor the names of its contributors may |
- be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software |
- without specific prior written permission. |
- |
-This software is provided by the copyright holders and contributors "as |
-is" and any express or implied warranties, including, but not limited |
-to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a |
-particular purpose are disclaimed. In no event shall the copyright owner |
-or contributors be liable for any direct, indirect, incidental, special, |
-exemplary, or consequential damages (including, but not limited to, |
-procurement of substitute goods or services; loss of use, data, or |
-profits; or business interruption) however caused and on any theory of |
-liability, whether in contract, strict liability, or tort (including |
-negligence or otherwise) arising in any way out of the use of this |
-software, even if advised of the possibility of such damage. |