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| 2 | 2 |
| 3 <section id="dynamic-linking-and-loading-with-glibc"> | 3 <section id="dynamic-linking-and-loading-with-glibc"> |
| 4 <h1 id="dynamic-linking-and-loading-with-glibc">Dynamic Linking and Loading with
glibc</h1> | 4 <h1 id="dynamic-linking-and-loading-with-glibc">Dynamic Linking and Loading with
glibc</h1> |
| 5 <div class="contents local" id="contents" style="display: none"> | 5 <div class="contents local" id="contents" style="display: none"> |
| 6 <ul class="small-gap"> | 6 <ul class="small-gap"> |
| 7 <li><a class="reference internal" href="#c-standard-libraries-glibc-and-newlib"
id="id1">C standard libraries: glibc and newlib</a></li> | 7 <li><a class="reference internal" href="#c-standard-libraries-glibc-and-newlib"
id="id1">C standard libraries: glibc and newlib</a></li> |
| 8 <li><a class="reference internal" href="#sdk-toolchains" id="id2">SDK toolchains
</a></li> | 8 <li><a class="reference internal" href="#sdk-toolchains" id="id2">SDK toolchains
</a></li> |
| 9 <li><p class="first"><a class="reference internal" href="#specifying-and-deliver
ing-shared-libraries" id="id3">Specifying and delivering shared libraries</a></p
> | 9 <li><p class="first"><a class="reference internal" href="#specifying-and-deliver
ing-shared-libraries" id="id3">Specifying and delivering shared libraries</a></p
> |
| 10 <ul class="small-gap"> | 10 <ul class="small-gap"> |
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| 309 intend to dlopen() at runtime you must explcitly list them in your call to | 309 intend to dlopen() at runtime you must explcitly list them in your call to |
| 310 <code>create_nmf</code>. | 310 <code>create_nmf</code>. |
| 311 </aside> | 311 </aside> |
| 312 <p>As an alternative to using <code>create_nmf</code>, it is possible to manuall
y calculate | 312 <p>As an alternative to using <code>create_nmf</code>, it is possible to manuall
y calculate |
| 313 the list of shared library dependencies using tools such as <code>objdump_</code
>.</p> | 313 the list of shared library dependencies using tools such as <code>objdump_</code
>.</p> |
| 314 <h3 id="deploying-a-dynamically-linked-application">Deploying a dynamically link
ed application</h3> | 314 <h3 id="deploying-a-dynamically-linked-application">Deploying a dynamically link
ed application</h3> |
| 315 <p>As described above, an application’s manifest file must explicitly list
all the | 315 <p>As described above, an application’s manifest file must explicitly list
all the |
| 316 executable code modules that the application directly depends on, including | 316 executable code modules that the application directly depends on, including |
| 317 modules from the application itself (<code>.nexe</code> and <code>.so</code> fil
es), modules from | 317 modules from the application itself (<code>.nexe</code> and <code>.so</code> fil
es), modules from |
| 318 the Native Client SDK (e.g., <code>libppapi_cpp.so</code>), and perhaps also mod
ules from | 318 the Native Client SDK (e.g., <code>libppapi_cpp.so</code>), and perhaps also mod
ules from |
| 319 <a class="reference external" href="http://code.google.com/p/naclports/">naclpor
ts</a> or from <a class="reference external" href="../../community/middleware">m
iddleware systems</a> that the application uses. You must provide all | 319 <a class="reference external" href="https://chromium.googlesource.com/webports">
webports</a> or from <a class="reference external" href="../../community/middlew
are">middleware |
| 320 of those modules as part of the application deployment process.</p> | 320 systems</a> that the application uses. You must |
| 321 provide all of those modules as part of the application deployment process.</p> |
| 321 <p>As explained in <a class="reference internal" href="/native-client/devguide/d
istributing.html"><em>Distributing Your Application</em></a>, there | 322 <p>As explained in <a class="reference internal" href="/native-client/devguide/d
istributing.html"><em>Distributing Your Application</em></a>, there |
| 322 are two basic ways to deploy a <a class="reference external" href="/apps">Chrome
app</a>:</p> | 323 are two basic ways to deploy a <a class="reference external" href="/apps">Chrome
app</a>:</p> |
| 323 <ul class="small-gap"> | 324 <ul class="small-gap"> |
| 324 <li><strong>hosted application:</strong> all modules are hosted together on a we
b server of | 325 <li><strong>hosted application:</strong> all modules are hosted together on a we
b server of |
| 325 your choice</li> | 326 your choice</li> |
| 326 <li><strong>packaged application:</strong> all modules are packaged into one fil
e, hosted in | 327 <li><strong>packaged application:</strong> all modules are packaged into one fil
e, hosted in |
| 327 the Chrome Web Store, and downloaded to the user’s machine</li> | 328 the Chrome Web Store, and downloaded to the user’s machine</li> |
| 328 </ul> | 329 </ul> |
| 329 <p>The web store documentation contains a handy guide to <a class="reference ext
ernal" href="https://developer.chrome.com/webstore/choosing">help you choose whi
ch to | 330 <p>The web store documentation contains a handy guide to <a class="reference ext
ernal" href="https://developer.chrome.com/webstore/choosing">help you choose whi
ch to |
| 330 use</a>.</p> | 331 use</a>.</p> |
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| 412 in the .nmf file – either the files are the wrong type or kind, or an | 413 in the .nmf file – either the files are the wrong type or kind, or an |
| 413 expected library is missing.</dd> | 414 expected library is missing.</dd> |
| 414 <dt><strong>undefined reference to ‘dlopen’ collect2: ld returned 1
exit status</strong></dt> | 415 <dt><strong>undefined reference to ‘dlopen’ collect2: ld returned 1
exit status</strong></dt> |
| 415 <dd>This is a linker ordering problem that usually results from improper orderin
g | 416 <dd>This is a linker ordering problem that usually results from improper orderin
g |
| 416 of command line flags when linking. Reconfigure your command line string to | 417 of command line flags when linking. Reconfigure your command line string to |
| 417 list libraries after the -o flag.</dd> | 418 list libraries after the -o flag.</dd> |
| 418 </dl> | 419 </dl> |
| 419 </section> | 420 </section> |
| 420 | 421 |
| 421 {{/partials.standard_nacl_article}} | 422 {{/partials.standard_nacl_article}} |
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