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Unified Diff: bootstrap/virtualenv/docs/index.rst

Issue 1437483002: Removed virtualenv from depot_tools (Closed) Base URL: https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/tools/depot_tools.git@master
Patch Set: Created 5 years, 1 month ago
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Index: bootstrap/virtualenv/docs/index.rst
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-Virtualenv
-==========
-
-`Mailing list <http://groups.google.com/group/python-virtualenv>`_ |
-`Issues <https://github.com/pypa/virtualenv/issues>`_ |
-`Github <https://github.com/pypa/virtualenv>`_ |
-`PyPI <https://pypi.python.org/pypi/virtualenv/>`_ |
-User IRC: #pypa
-Dev IRC: #pypa-dev
-
-Introduction
-------------
-
-``virtualenv`` is a tool to create isolated Python environments.
-
-The basic problem being addressed is one of dependencies and versions,
-and indirectly permissions. Imagine you have an application that
-needs version 1 of LibFoo, but another application requires version
-2. How can you use both these applications? If you install
-everything into ``/usr/lib/python2.7/site-packages`` (or whatever your
-platform's standard location is), it's easy to end up in a situation
-where you unintentionally upgrade an application that shouldn't be
-upgraded.
-
-Or more generally, what if you want to install an application *and
-leave it be*? If an application works, any change in its libraries or
-the versions of those libraries can break the application.
-
-Also, what if you can't install packages into the global
-``site-packages`` directory? For instance, on a shared host.
-
-In all these cases, ``virtualenv`` can help you. It creates an
-environment that has its own installation directories, that doesn't
-share libraries with other virtualenv environments (and optionally
-doesn't access the globally installed libraries either).
-
-.. comment: split here
-
-.. toctree::
- :maxdepth: 2
-
- installation
- userguide
- reference
- development
- changes
-
-.. warning::
-
- Python bugfix releases 2.6.8, 2.7.3, 3.1.5 and 3.2.3 include a change that
- will cause "import random" to fail with "cannot import name urandom" on any
- virtualenv created on a Unix host with an earlier release of Python
- 2.6/2.7/3.1/3.2, if the underlying system Python is upgraded. This is due to
- the fact that a virtualenv uses the system Python's standard library but
- contains its own copy of the Python interpreter, so an upgrade to the system
- Python results in a mismatch between the version of the Python interpreter
- and the version of the standard library. It can be fixed by removing
- ``$ENV/bin/python`` and re-running virtualenv on the same target directory
- with the upgraded Python.
-
-Other Documentation and Links
------------------------------
-
-* `Blog announcement of virtualenv`__.
-
- .. __: http://blog.ianbicking.org/2007/10/10/workingenv-is-dead-long-live-virtualenv/
-
-* James Gardner has written a tutorial on using `virtualenv with
- Pylons
- <http://wiki.pylonshq.com/display/pylonscookbook/Using+a+Virtualenv+Sandbox>`_.
-
-* Chris Perkins created a `showmedo video including virtualenv
- <http://showmedo.com/videos/video?name=2910000&fromSeriesID=291>`_.
-
-* Doug Hellmann's `virtualenvwrapper`_ is a useful set of scripts to make
- your workflow with many virtualenvs even easier. `His initial blog post on it`__.
- He also wrote `an example of using virtualenv to try IPython`__.
-
- .. _virtualenvwrapper: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/virtualenvwrapper/
- .. __: http://www.doughellmann.com/articles/CompletelyDifferent-2008-05-virtualenvwrapper/index.html
- .. __: http://www.doughellmann.com/articles/CompletelyDifferent-2008-02-ipython-and-virtualenv/index.html
-
-* `Pew`_ is another wrapper for virtualenv that makes use of a different
- activation technique.
-
- .. _Pew: https://pypi.python.org/pypi/pew/
-
-* `Using virtualenv with mod_wsgi
- <http://code.google.com/p/modwsgi/wiki/VirtualEnvironments>`_.
-
-* `virtualenv commands
- <https://github.com/thisismedium/virtualenv-commands>`_ for some more
- workflow-related tools around virtualenv.
-
-* PyCon US 2011 talk: `Reverse-engineering Ian Bicking's brain: inside pip and virtualenv
- <http://pyvideo.org/video/568/reverse-engineering-ian-bicking--39-s-brain--insi>`_.
- By the end of the talk, you'll have a good idea exactly how pip
- and virtualenv do their magic, and where to go looking in the source
- for particular behaviors or bug fixes.
-
-Compare & Contrast with Alternatives
-------------------------------------
-
-There are several alternatives that create isolated environments:
-
-* ``workingenv`` (which I do not suggest you use anymore) is the
- predecessor to this library. It used the main Python interpreter,
- but relied on setting ``$PYTHONPATH`` to activate the environment.
- This causes problems when running Python scripts that aren't part of
- the environment (e.g., a globally installed ``hg`` or ``bzr``). It
- also conflicted a lot with Setuptools.
-
-* `virtual-python
- <http://peak.telecommunity.com/DevCenter/EasyInstall#creating-a-virtual-python>`_
- is also a predecessor to this library. It uses only symlinks, so it
- couldn't work on Windows. It also symlinks over the *entire*
- standard library and global ``site-packages``. As a result, it
- won't see new additions to the global ``site-packages``.
-
- This script only symlinks a small portion of the standard library
- into the environment, and so on Windows it is feasible to simply
- copy these files over. Also, it creates a new/empty
- ``site-packages`` and also adds the global ``site-packages`` to the
- path, so updates are tracked separately. This script also installs
- Setuptools automatically, saving a step and avoiding the need for
- network access.
-
-* `zc.buildout <http://pypi.python.org/pypi/zc.buildout>`_ doesn't
- create an isolated Python environment in the same style, but
- achieves similar results through a declarative config file that sets
- up scripts with very particular packages. As a declarative system,
- it is somewhat easier to repeat and manage, but more difficult to
- experiment with. ``zc.buildout`` includes the ability to setup
- non-Python systems (e.g., a database server or an Apache instance).
-
-I *strongly* recommend anyone doing application development or
-deployment use one of these tools.
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