[Sync] Introduce GmsCoreSyncListener.
This change introduces a framework for sharing the user's custom
passphrase encryption key with GmsCore. This is to prevent users from
seeing the custom passphrase dialog pop up in GmsCore after they have
already entered it in Chrome.
BUG=
552106
Committed:
https://crrev.com/774f31729ab739d01f63aa3f10b18140b8ea1df2
Cr-Commit-Position: refs/heads/master@{#360344}