Initial implementation of CronetBidirectionalStream.

components/cronet/android/java/src/org/chromium/net/CronetBidirectionalStream.java

+// Copyright 2015 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
+// Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
+// found in the LICENSE file.
+
+package org.chromium.net;
+
+import android.util.Log;

[xunjieli, 2015/12/18 19:11:12]

we should avoid using android.util.Log in new files. See
https://code.google.com/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=488547

[mef, 2015/12/29 20:36:54]

Done.

+
+import org.chromium.base.VisibleForTesting;
+import org.chromium.base.annotations.CalledByNative;
+import org.chromium.base.annotations.JNINamespace;
+import org.chromium.base.annotations.NativeClassQualifiedName;
+
+import java.nio.ByteBuffer;
+import java.util.AbstractMap;
+import java.util.ArrayList;
+import java.util.List;
+import java.util.Map;
+import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
+import java.util.concurrent.RejectedExecutionException;
+
+import javax.annotation.concurrent.GuardedBy;
+
+/**
+ * BidirectionalStream implementation using Chromium network stack.
+ * All @CallByNative methods are called on native network thread
+ * and post tasks with callback calls onto Executor. Upon return from callback native
+ * stream is called on executor thread and posts native tasks to native network thread.
+ */
+@JNINamespace("cronet")
+class CronetBidirectionalStream extends BidirectionalStream {
+    /**
+     * States of BidirectionalStream are tracked in mStreamState and mWriteState.
+     * The write state is separated out as it changes independently of the stream state.
+     * There is one initial state - STATE_NOT_STARTED. There is one final state - STATE_SUCCESS,
+     * reached after STATE_READING_DONE and STATE_WRITING_DONE. There are 2 exception states -
+     * STATE_CANCELED and STATE_ERROR, which can be reached from any other state except
+     * STATE_SUCCESS.
+     */
+    /* Initial state, stream not started. */
+    private static final int STATE_NOT_STARTED = 0;
+    /* Stream started, request headers are sent. */
+    private static final int STATE_STARTED = 1;
+    /* Waiting for {@code read()} to be called. */
+    private static final int STATE_WAITING_ON_READ = 2;
+    /* Reading from the remote, {@code onReadCompleted()} callback will be called when done. */
+    private static final int STATE_READING = 3;
+    /* There is no more data to read and stream is half-closed by the remote side. */
+    private static final int STATE_READING_DONE = 4;
+    /* Stream is canceled. */
+    private static final int STATE_CANCELED = 5;
+    /* Error has occured, stream is closed. */
+    private static final int STATE_ERROR = 6;
+    /* Reading and writing is done, and the stream is closed successfully. */
+    private static final int STATE_SUCCESS = 7;
+    /* Waiting for {@code write()} to be called. */
+    private static final int STATE_WAITING_ON_WRITE = 10;
+    /* Writing to the remote, {@code onWriteCompleted()} callback will be called when done. */
+    private static final int STATE_WRITING = 11;
+    /* Writing the last frame, so {@code STATE_WRITING_DONE} will be set upon completion. */
+    private static final int STATE_WRITING_END_OF_STREAM = 12;
+    /* There is no more data to write and stream is half-closed by the local side. */
+    private static final int STATE_WRITING_DONE = 13;
+
+    /*
+     * Synchronize access to mNativeStream, mStreamState and mWriteState.
+     */
+    private final Object mNativeStreamLock = new Object();
+    private final CronetUrlRequestContext mRequestContext;
+    private final Executor mExecutor;
+    private final Callback mCallback;
+    private final String mInitialUrl;
+    private final String mInitialMethod;
+    private final ArrayList<Map.Entry<String, String>> mRequestHeaders;
+
+    /* Native BidirectionalStream object, owned by CronetBidirectionalStream. */
+    @GuardedBy("mNativeStreamLock") private long mNativeStream;
+
+    /**
+     * Stream state is tracking stream and reading flow.
+     * NOT_STARTED -> STARTED -> WAITING_ON_READ -> READING -> WAITING_ON_READ ->
+     * READING -> READING_DONE -> SUCCESS
+     */
+    @GuardedBy("mNativeStreamLock") private int mStreamState = STATE_NOT_STARTED;

[xunjieli, 2015/12/18 19:49:25]

nit: mReadState?

[mef, 2015/12/29 20:36:54]

I'm not sure. This is both read and common stream state.

+
+    /**
+     * Write state is tracking writing flow.
+     * NOT_STARTED -> WAITING_ON_WRITE -> WRITING -> WAITING_ON_WRITE ->
+     * WRITING_END_OF_STREAM -> WRITING_DONE -> SUCCESS
+     */
+    @GuardedBy("mNativeStreamLock") private int mWriteState = STATE_NOT_STARTED;
+
+    private UrlResponseInfo mResponseInfo;
+
+    /*
+     * OnReadCompleted callback is repeatedly invoked when each read is completed, so it
+     * is cached as a member variable.
+     */
+    private OnReadCompletedRunnable mOnReadCompletedTask;
+
+    /*
+     * OnWriteCompleted callback is repeatedly invoked when each write is completed, so it
+     * is cached as a member variable.
+     */
+    private OnWriteCompletedRunnable mOnWriteCompletedTask;
+
+    private Runnable mOnDestroyedCallbackForTests;

[xunjieli, 2015/12/18 19:11:11]

nit: maybe using ForTesting. I searched in cronet/, there are more instances of
ForTesting, though ForTests is shorter. We should pick one and change the rest.

[mef, 2015/12/29 20:36:54]

Done.

+
+    private final class OnReadCompletedRunnable implements Runnable {
+        ByteBuffer mByteBuffer;
+        boolean mEndOfStream;

[xunjieli, 2015/12/18 19:11:12]

nit: need documentation on these two fields.

[mef, 2015/12/29 20:36:54]

Done.

+
+        @Override
+        public void run() {
+            if (isDone()) {
+                return;
+            }
+            try {
+                synchronized (mNativeStreamLock) {
+                    if (mNativeStream == 0) {
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    if (mEndOfStream) {
+                        mStreamState = STATE_READING_DONE;
+                        if (maybeSucceeded()) return;
+                    } else {
+                        mStreamState = STATE_WAITING_ON_READ;
+                    }
+                }
+                // Null out mByteBuffer, out of paranoia. Has to be done before
+                // mCallback call, to avoid any race when there are multiple
+                // executor threads.
+                ByteBuffer buffer = mByteBuffer;
+                mByteBuffer = null;
+                mCallback.onReadCompleted(CronetBidirectionalStream.this, mResponseInfo, buffer);
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                onCallbackException(e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private final class OnWriteCompletedRunnable implements Runnable {
+        ByteBuffer mByteBuffer;

[xunjieli, 2015/12/18 19:11:12]

nit: need doc on this mByteBuffer field.

[mef, 2015/12/29 20:36:54]

Done.

+
+        @Override
+        public void run() {
+            if (isDone()) {
+                return;
+            }
+            try {
+                synchronized (mNativeStreamLock) {
+                    if (mNativeStream == 0) {
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    if (mWriteState == STATE_WRITING_END_OF_STREAM) {
+                        mWriteState = STATE_WRITING_DONE;
+                        if (maybeSucceeded()) return;
+                    } else {
+                        mWriteState = STATE_WAITING_ON_WRITE;
+                    }
+                }
+                // Null out mByteBuffer, out of paranoia. Has to be done before
+                // mCallback call, to avoid any race when there are multiple
+                // executor threads.
+                ByteBuffer buffer = mByteBuffer;
+                mByteBuffer = null;
+                mCallback.onWriteCompleted(CronetBidirectionalStream.this, mResponseInfo, buffer);
+            } catch (Exception e) {
+                onCallbackException(e);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @GuardedBy("nativeStreamLock")
+    private boolean maybeSucceeded() {
+        if (mStreamState != STATE_READING_DONE || mWriteState != STATE_WRITING_DONE) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        mStreamState = STATE_SUCCESS;
+        Runnable task = new Runnable() {
+            public void run() {
+                synchronized (mNativeStreamLock) {
+                    if (isDone()) {
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    // Destroy native stream first, so request context could be shut
+                    // down from the listener.
+                    destroyNativeStream(false);
+                }
+                try {
+                    mCallback.onSucceeded(CronetBidirectionalStream.this, mResponseInfo);
+                } catch (Exception e) {
+                    Log.e(CronetUrlRequestContext.LOG_TAG, "Exception in onSucceeded method", e);
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        postTaskToExecutor(task);
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    private static boolean doesMethodAllowWriteData(String methodName) {
+        return !methodName.equals("GET") && !methodName.equals("HEAD");
+    }
+
+    CronetBidirectionalStream(CronetUrlRequestContext requestContext, long urlRequestContextAdapter,

[xunjieli, 2015/12/18 19:11:11]

nit: move constructor to the top. At least before the two private methods.

[mef, 2015/12/29 20:36:54]

Done.

+            String url, Callback callback, Executor executor, String httpMethod,
+            List<Map.Entry<String, String>> requestHeaders) {
+        mRequestContext = requestContext;
+        mInitialUrl = url;
+        mCallback = callback;
+        mExecutor = executor;
+        mInitialMethod = httpMethod;
+        mRequestHeaders = new ArrayList<Map.Entry<String, String>>(requestHeaders);

[xunjieli, 2015/12/18 19:11:11]

Is this a deep copy?

[mef, 2015/12/29 20:36:54]

It constructs a list containing elements of passed collection, so I'd say it is
shallow.

+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void start() {
+        synchronized (mNativeStreamLock) {
+            if (mStreamState != STATE_NOT_STARTED) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Stream is already started.");
+            }
+            try {
+                mNativeStream = nativeCreateBidirectionalStream(
+                        mRequestContext.getUrlRequestContextAdapter());
+                mRequestContext.onRequestStarted();
+                String headers[] = stringsFromHeaderList(mRequestHeaders);
+                // Non-zero startResult means an argument error.
+                int startResult = nativeStart(mNativeStream, mInitialUrl, mInitialMethod, headers,
+                        !doesMethodAllowWriteData(mInitialMethod));
+                if (startResult == -1) {
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException("Invalid http method " + mInitialMethod);
+                }
+                if (startResult > 0) {
+                    int headerPos = startResult - 1;
+                    throw new IllegalArgumentException(
+                            "Invalid header " + headers[headerPos] + "=" + headers[headerPos + 1]);
+                }
+                mStreamState = STATE_STARTED;
+            } catch (RuntimeException e) {
+                // If there's an exception, cleanup and then throw the
+                // exception to the caller.
+                destroyNativeStream(false);
+                throw e;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void read(ByteBuffer buffer) {
+        synchronized (mNativeStreamLock) {
+            if (!buffer.hasRemaining()) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("ByteBuffer is already full.");
+            }
+            if (mStreamState != STATE_WAITING_ON_READ) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Unexpected read attempt.");
+            }
+            if (isDone()) {
+                return;
+            }
+            mStreamState = STATE_READING;
+            if (!nativeReadData(mNativeStream, buffer, buffer.position(), buffer.limit())) {
+                // Still waiting on read. This is just to have consistent
+                // behavior with the other error cases.
+                mStreamState = STATE_WAITING_ON_READ;
+                // Since accessing byteBuffer's memory failed, it's presumably
+                // not a direct ByteBuffer.
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("byteBuffer must be a direct ByteBuffer.");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void write(ByteBuffer buffer, boolean endOfStream) {
+        synchronized (mNativeStreamLock) {
+            if (!buffer.hasRemaining() && !endOfStream) {
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("Empty buffer before end of stream.");
+            }
+            if (mWriteState != STATE_WAITING_ON_WRITE) {
+                throw new IllegalStateException("Unexpected write attempt.");
+            }
+            if (isDone()) {
+                return;
+            }
+            mWriteState = endOfStream ? STATE_WRITING_END_OF_STREAM : STATE_WRITING;
+            if (!nativeWriteData(
+                        mNativeStream, buffer, buffer.position(), buffer.limit(), endOfStream)) {
+                // Still waiting on write. This is just to have consistent
+                // behavior with the other error cases.
+                mWriteState = STATE_WAITING_ON_WRITE;
+                // Since accessing byteBuffer's memory failed, it's presumably
+                // not a direct ByteBuffer.
+                throw new IllegalArgumentException("byteBuffer must be a direct ByteBuffer.");
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void ping(PingCallback callback, Executor executor) {
+        // TODO(mef): May be last thing to be implemented on Android.

[xunjieli, 2015/12/18 19:11:11]

nit: throw UnsupportedOperation with a not yet supported message for this and
below.

[mef, 2015/12/29 20:36:55]

Done.

+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public void windowUpdate(int windowSizeIncrement) {
+        // TODO(mef): Understand the needs and semantics of this method.
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Cancels the stream. Can be called at any time after {@link #start}.
+     * {@link Callback#onCanceled} will be invoked when cancelation
+     * is complete and no further callback methods will be invoked. If the
+     * stream has completed or has not started, calling {@code cancel()} has no
+     * effect and {@code onCanceled} will not be invoked. If the
+     * {@link Executor} passed in during {@code BidirectionalStream} construction runs
+     * tasks on a single thread, and {@code cancel()} is called on that thread,
+     * no listener methods (besides {@code onCanceled()}) will be invoked after
+     * {@code cancel()} is called. Otherwise, at most one callback method may be
+     * invoked after {@code cancel()} has completed.
+     */
+    public void cancel() {

[xunjieli, 2015/12/18 19:11:11]

nit: add @override, and remove documentation.

[mef, 2015/12/29 20:36:54]

Done.

+        synchronized (mNativeStreamLock) {
+            if (isDone() || mStreamState == STATE_NOT_STARTED) {
+                return;
+            }
+            mStreamState = STATE_CANCELED;
+            destroyNativeStream(true);
+        }
+    }
+
+    @Override
+    public boolean isDone() {
+        synchronized (mNativeStreamLock) {
+            return mStreamState != STATE_NOT_STARTED && mNativeStream == 0;
+        }
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
+    @CalledByNative
+    private void onRequestHeadersSent() {
+        Runnable task = new Runnable() {
+            public void run() {
+                synchronized (mNativeStreamLock) {
+                    if (isDone()) {
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    if (doesMethodAllowWriteData(mInitialMethod)) {
+                        mWriteState = STATE_WAITING_ON_WRITE;
+                    } else {
+                        mWriteState = STATE_WRITING_DONE;
+                    }
+                }
+
+                try {
+                    mCallback.onRequestHeadersSent(CronetBidirectionalStream.this);
+                } catch (Exception e) {
+                    onCallbackException(e);
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        postTaskToExecutor(task);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Called when the final set of headers, after all redirects,
+     * is received. Can only be called once for each stream.
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
+    @CalledByNative
+    private void onResponseHeadersReceived(int httpStatusCode, String[] headers) {
+        mResponseInfo = prepareResponseInfoOnNetworkThread(httpStatusCode, headers);
+        Runnable task = new Runnable() {
+            public void run() {
+                synchronized (mNativeStreamLock) {
+                    if (isDone()) {
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    mStreamState = STATE_WAITING_ON_READ;
+                }
+
+                try {
+                    mCallback.onResponseHeadersReceived(
+                            CronetBidirectionalStream.this, mResponseInfo);
+                } catch (Exception e) {
+                    onCallbackException(e);
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        postTaskToExecutor(task);
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
+    @CalledByNative
+    private void onReadCompleted(final ByteBuffer byteBuffer, int bytesRead, int initialPosition,
+            long receivedBytesCount) {
+        mResponseInfo.setReceivedBytesCount(receivedBytesCount);
+        if (byteBuffer.position() != initialPosition) {
+            failWithException(
+                    new CronetException("ByteBuffer modified externally during read", null));
+            return;
+        }
+        if (bytesRead < 0 || initialPosition + bytesRead > byteBuffer.limit()) {
+            failWithException(new CronetException("Invalid number of bytes read", null));
+            return;
+        }
+        if (mOnReadCompletedTask == null) {
+            mOnReadCompletedTask = new OnReadCompletedRunnable();
+        }
+        byteBuffer.position(initialPosition + bytesRead);
+        mOnReadCompletedTask.mByteBuffer = byteBuffer;
+        mOnReadCompletedTask.mEndOfStream = (bytesRead == 0);
+        postTaskToExecutor(mOnReadCompletedTask);
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
+    @CalledByNative
+    private void onWriteCompleted(final ByteBuffer byteBuffer, int initialPosition) {
+        if (byteBuffer.position() != initialPosition) {
+            failWithException(
+                    new CronetException("ByteBuffer modified externally during write", null));
+            return;
+        }
+        if (mOnWriteCompletedTask == null) {
+            mOnWriteCompletedTask = new OnWriteCompletedRunnable();
+        }
+        // Current implementation always writes the complete buffer.
+        byteBuffer.position(byteBuffer.limit());
+        mOnWriteCompletedTask.mByteBuffer = byteBuffer;
+        postTaskToExecutor(mOnWriteCompletedTask);
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
+    @CalledByNative
+    private void onResponseTrailersReceived(String[] trailers) {
+        final UrlResponseInfo.HeaderBlock trailersBlock =
+                new UrlResponseInfo.HeaderBlock(headersListFromStrings(trailers));
+        Runnable task = new Runnable() {
+            public void run() {
+                synchronized (mNativeStreamLock) {
+                    if (isDone()) {
+                        return;
+                    }
+                }
+                try {
+                    mCallback.onResponseTrailersReceived(
+                            CronetBidirectionalStream.this, mResponseInfo, trailersBlock);
+                } catch (Exception e) {
+                    onCallbackException(e);
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        postTaskToExecutor(task);
+    }
+
+    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
+    @CalledByNative
+    private void onError(final int nativeError, final String errorString, long receivedBytesCount) {
+        if (mResponseInfo != null) {
+            mResponseInfo.setReceivedBytesCount(receivedBytesCount);
+        }
+        failWithException(new CronetException(
+                "Exception in BidirectionalStream: " + errorString, nativeError));
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Called when request is canceled, no callbacks will be called afterwards.
+     */
+    @SuppressWarnings("unused")
+    @CalledByNative
+    private void onCanceled() {
+        Runnable task = new Runnable() {
+            public void run() {
+                try {
+                    mCallback.onCanceled(CronetBidirectionalStream.this, mResponseInfo);
+                } catch (Exception e) {
+                    Log.e(CronetUrlRequestContext.LOG_TAG, "Exception in onCanceled method", e);
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        postTaskToExecutor(task);
+    }
+
+    @VisibleForTesting
+    public void setOnDestroyedCallbackForTests(Runnable onDestroyedCallbackForTests) {

[xunjieli, 2015/12/18 19:11:11]

nit: ForTests vs ForTesting. Should we standardize on one form?

[mef, 2015/12/29 20:36:54]

Yes, and ForTesting is more consistent with @VisibleForTesting, so I'd vote for
that. Done.

+        mOnDestroyedCallbackForTests = onDestroyedCallbackForTests;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Posts task to application Executor. Used for callbacks
+     * and other tasks that should not be executed on network thread.
+     */
+    private void postTaskToExecutor(Runnable task) {
+        try {
+            mExecutor.execute(task);
+        } catch (RejectedExecutionException failException) {
+            Log.e(CronetUrlRequestContext.LOG_TAG, "Exception posting task to executor",
+                    failException);
+            // If posting a task throws an exception, then there is no choice
+            // but to cancel the stream.
+            cancel();
+        }
+    }
+
+    private ArrayList<Map.Entry<String, String>> headersListFromStrings(String[] headers) {

[xunjieli, 2015/12/18 19:11:12]

nit: private static.

[mef, 2015/12/29 20:36:54]

Done.

+        ArrayList<Map.Entry<String, String>> headersList =
+                new ArrayList<Map.Entry<String, String>>();
+        for (int i = 0; i < headers.length; i += 2) {
+            headersList.add(new AbstractMap.SimpleImmutableEntry<String, String>(
+                    headers[i], headers[i + 1]));
+        }
+        return headersList;
+    }
+
+    private String[] stringsFromHeaderList(ArrayList<Map.Entry<String, String>> headersList) {

[xunjieli, 2015/12/18 19:11:12]

nit: private static.

[mef, 2015/12/29 20:36:54]

Done.

+        String headersArray[] = new String[headersList.size() * 2];
+        int i = 0;
+        for (Map.Entry<String, String> requestHeader : headersList) {
+            headersArray[i++] = requestHeader.getKey();
+            headersArray[i++] = requestHeader.getValue();
+        }
+        return headersArray;
+    }
+
+    private UrlResponseInfo prepareResponseInfoOnNetworkThread(
+            int httpStatusCode, String[] headers) {
+        long nativeStream;
+        synchronized (mNativeStreamLock) {
+            if (mNativeStream == 0) {
+                return null;
+            }
+            // This method is running on network thread, so even if
+            // mUrlRequestAdapter is set to 0 from another thread the actual
+            // deletion of the adapter is posted to network thread, so it is
+            // safe to preserve and use urlRequestAdapter outside the lock.

[xunjieli, 2015/12/18 19:11:11]

nit: need to update comment. s/mUrlRequestAdapter/mNativeStream

[mef, 2015/12/29 20:36:54]

Done.

+            nativeStream = mNativeStream;
+        }
+
+        ArrayList<String> urlChain = new ArrayList<String>();
+        urlChain.add(mInitialUrl);
+
+        boolean wasCached = false;
+        String httpStatusText = "";
+        String negotiatedProtocol = nativeGetNegotiatedProtocol(nativeStream);
+        String proxyServer = null;
+
+        UrlResponseInfo responseInfo = new UrlResponseInfo(urlChain, httpStatusCode, httpStatusText,
+                headersListFromStrings(headers), wasCached, negotiatedProtocol, proxyServer);
+        return responseInfo;
+    }
+
+    private void destroyNativeStream(boolean sendOnCanceled) {
+        synchronized (mNativeStreamLock) {
+            Log.i(CronetUrlRequestContext.LOG_TAG, "destroyNativeStream " + this.toString());
+            if (mNativeStream == 0) {
+                return;
+            }
+            nativeDestroy(mNativeStream, sendOnCanceled);
+            mRequestContext.onRequestDestroyed();
+            mNativeStream = 0;
+            if (mOnDestroyedCallbackForTests != null) {
+                mOnDestroyedCallbackForTests.run();
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * If callback method throws an exception, stream gets canceled
+     * and exception is reported via onFailed callback.
+     * Only called on the Executor.
+     */
+    private void onCallbackException(Exception e) {
+        CronetException streamError =
+                new CronetException("CalledByNative method has thrown an exception", e);
+        Log.e(CronetUrlRequestContext.LOG_TAG, "Exception in CalledByNative method", e);
+        // Do not call into listener if request is complete.
+        synchronized (mNativeStreamLock) {
+            if (isDone()) {
+                return;
+            }
+            destroyNativeStream(false);
+        }
+        try {
+            mCallback.onFailed(this, mResponseInfo, streamError);
+        } catch (Exception failException) {
+            Log.e(CronetUrlRequestContext.LOG_TAG, "Exception notifying of failed request",
+                    failException);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Fails the stream with an exception. Can be called on any thread.
+     */
+    private void failWithException(final CronetException exception) {
+        Runnable task = new Runnable() {
+            public void run() {
+                synchronized (mNativeStreamLock) {
+                    if (isDone()) {
+                        return;
+                    }
+                    mStreamState = STATE_ERROR;
+                    destroyNativeStream(false);
+                }
+                try {
+                    mCallback.onFailed(CronetBidirectionalStream.this, mResponseInfo, exception);
+                } catch (Exception e) {
+                    Log.e(CronetUrlRequestContext.LOG_TAG, "Exception in onError method", e);
+                }
+            }
+        };
+        postTaskToExecutor(task);
+    }
+
+    // Native methods are implemented in cronet_bidirectional_stream.cc.
+    private native long nativeCreateBidirectionalStream(long urlRequestContextAdapter);
+
+    @NativeClassQualifiedName("CronetBidirectionalStream")
+    private native int nativeStart(
+            long nativePtr, String url, String method, String[] headers, boolean endOfStream);
+
+    @NativeClassQualifiedName("CronetBidirectionalStream")
+    private native boolean nativeReadData(
+            long nativePtr, ByteBuffer byteBuffer, int position, int capacity);
+
+    @NativeClassQualifiedName("CronetBidirectionalStream")
+    private native boolean nativeWriteData(
+            long nativePtr, ByteBuffer byteBuffer, int position, int capacity, boolean endOfStream);
+
+    @NativeClassQualifiedName("CronetBidirectionalStream")
+    private native void nativeDestroy(long nativePtr, boolean sendOnCanceled);
+
+    @NativeClassQualifiedName("CronetBidirectionalStream")
+    private native String nativeGetNegotiatedProtocol(long nativePtr);
+}