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packages/analyzer/test/generated/parser_test.dart

Index: packages/analyzer/test/generated/parser_test.dart
diff --git a/packages/analyzer/test/generated/parser_test.dart b/packages/analyzer/test/generated/parser_test.dart
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+// Copyright (c) 2014, the Dart project authors.  Please see the AUTHORS file
+// for details. All rights reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a
+// BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+library engine.parser_test;
+
+import 'package:analyzer/src/generated/ast.dart';
+import 'package:analyzer/src/generated/element.dart';
+import 'package:analyzer/src/generated/engine.dart';
+import 'package:analyzer/src/generated/error.dart';
+import 'package:analyzer/src/generated/incremental_scanner.dart';
+import 'package:analyzer/src/generated/parser.dart';
+import 'package:analyzer/src/generated/scanner.dart';
+import 'package:analyzer/src/generated/source.dart' show Source;
+import 'package:analyzer/src/generated/testing/ast_factory.dart';
+import 'package:analyzer/src/generated/testing/element_factory.dart';
+import 'package:analyzer/src/generated/testing/token_factory.dart';
+import 'package:analyzer/src/generated/utilities_dart.dart';
+import 'package:unittest/unittest.dart';
+
+import '../reflective_tests.dart';
+import '../utils.dart';
+import 'test_support.dart';
+
+main() {
+  initializeTestEnvironment();
+  runReflectiveTests(ComplexParserTest);
+  runReflectiveTests(ErrorParserTest);
+  runReflectiveTests(IncrementalParserTest);
+  runReflectiveTests(NonErrorParserTest);
+  runReflectiveTests(RecoveryParserTest);
+  runReflectiveTests(ResolutionCopierTest);
+  runReflectiveTests(SimpleParserTest);
+}
+
+class AnalysisErrorListener_SimpleParserTest_computeStringValue
+    implements AnalysisErrorListener {
+  @override
+  void onError(AnalysisError event) {
+    fail(
+        "Unexpected compilation error: ${event.message} (${event.offset}, ${event.length})");
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Instances of the class `AstValidator` are used to validate the correct construction of an
+ * AST structure.
+ */
+class AstValidator extends UnifyingAstVisitor<Object> {
+  /**
+   * A list containing the errors found while traversing the AST structure.
+   */
+  List<String> _errors = new List<String>();
+
+  /**
+   * Assert that no errors were found while traversing any of the AST structures that have been
+   * visited.
+   */
+  void assertValid() {
+    if (!_errors.isEmpty) {
+      StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
+      buffer.write("Invalid AST structure:");
+      for (String message in _errors) {
+        buffer.write("\r\n   ");
+        buffer.write(message);
+      }
+      fail(buffer.toString());
+    }
+  }
+
+  @override
+  Object visitNode(AstNode node) {
+    _validate(node);
+    return super.visitNode(node);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Validate that the given AST node is correctly constructed.
+   *
+   * @param node the AST node being validated
+   */
+  void _validate(AstNode node) {
+    AstNode parent = node.parent;
+    if (node is CompilationUnit) {
+      if (parent != null) {
+        _errors.add("Compilation units should not have a parent");
+      }
+    } else {
+      if (parent == null) {
+        _errors.add("No parent for ${node.runtimeType}");
+      }
+    }
+    if (node.beginToken == null) {
+      _errors.add("No begin token for ${node.runtimeType}");
+    }
+    if (node.endToken == null) {
+      _errors.add("No end token for ${node.runtimeType}");
+    }
+    int nodeStart = node.offset;
+    int nodeLength = node.length;
+    if (nodeStart < 0 || nodeLength < 0) {
+      _errors.add("No source info for ${node.runtimeType}");
+    }
+    if (parent != null) {
+      int nodeEnd = nodeStart + nodeLength;
+      int parentStart = parent.offset;
+      int parentEnd = parentStart + parent.length;
+      if (nodeStart < parentStart) {
+        _errors.add(
+            "Invalid source start ($nodeStart) for ${node.runtimeType} inside ${parent.runtimeType} ($parentStart)");
+      }
+      if (nodeEnd > parentEnd) {
+        _errors.add(
+            "Invalid source end ($nodeEnd) for ${node.runtimeType} inside ${parent.runtimeType} ($parentStart)");
+      }
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * The class `ComplexParserTest` defines parser tests that test the parsing of more complex
+ * code fragments or the interactions between multiple parsing methods. For example, tests to ensure
+ * that the precedence of operations is being handled correctly should be defined in this class.
+ *
+ * Simpler tests should be defined in the class [SimpleParserTest].
+ */
+@reflectiveTest
+class ComplexParserTest extends ParserTestCase {
+  void test_additiveExpression_normal() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("x + y - z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_additiveExpression_noSpaces() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("i+1");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.leftOperand);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is IntegerLiteral,
+        IntegerLiteral, expression.rightOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_additiveExpression_precedence_multiplicative_left() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("x * y + z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_additiveExpression_precedence_multiplicative_left_withSuper() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("super * y - z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_additiveExpression_precedence_multiplicative_right() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("x + y * z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.rightOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_additiveExpression_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("super + y - z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_assignableExpression_arguments_normal_chain() {
+    PropertyAccess propertyAccess1 = parseExpression("a(b)(c).d(e).f");
+    expect(propertyAccess1.propertyName.name, "f");
+    //
+    // a(b)(c).d(e)
+    //
+    MethodInvocation invocation2 = EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is MethodInvocation,
+        MethodInvocation,
+        propertyAccess1.target);
+    expect(invocation2.methodName.name, "d");
+    expect(invocation2.typeArguments, isNull);
+    ArgumentList argumentList2 = invocation2.argumentList;
+    expect(argumentList2, isNotNull);
+    expect(argumentList2.arguments, hasLength(1));
+    //
+    // a(b)(c)
+    //
+    FunctionExpressionInvocation invocation3 = EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is FunctionExpressionInvocation,
+        FunctionExpressionInvocation,
+        invocation2.target);
+    expect(invocation3.typeArguments, isNull);
+    ArgumentList argumentList3 = invocation3.argumentList;
+    expect(argumentList3, isNotNull);
+    expect(argumentList3.arguments, hasLength(1));
+    //
+    // a(b)
+    //
+    MethodInvocation invocation4 = EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is MethodInvocation,
+        MethodInvocation,
+        invocation3.function);
+    expect(invocation4.methodName.name, "a");
+    expect(invocation4.typeArguments, isNull);
+    ArgumentList argumentList4 = invocation4.argumentList;
+    expect(argumentList4, isNotNull);
+    expect(argumentList4.arguments, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_assignableExpression_arguments_normal_chain_typeArguments() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    PropertyAccess propertyAccess1 = parseExpression("a<E>(b)<F>(c).d<G>(e).f");
+    expect(propertyAccess1.propertyName.name, "f");
+    //
+    // a<E>(b)<F>(c).d>G?(e)
+    //
+    MethodInvocation invocation2 = EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is MethodInvocation,
+        MethodInvocation,
+        propertyAccess1.target);
+    expect(invocation2.methodName.name, "d");
+    expect(invocation2.typeArguments, isNotNull);
+    ArgumentList argumentList2 = invocation2.argumentList;
+    expect(argumentList2, isNotNull);
+    expect(argumentList2.arguments, hasLength(1));
+    //
+    // a<E>(b)<F>(c)
+    //
+    FunctionExpressionInvocation invocation3 = EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is FunctionExpressionInvocation,
+        FunctionExpressionInvocation,
+        invocation2.target);
+    expect(invocation3.typeArguments, isNotNull);
+    ArgumentList argumentList3 = invocation3.argumentList;
+    expect(argumentList3, isNotNull);
+    expect(argumentList3.arguments, hasLength(1));
+    //
+    // a(b)
+    //
+    MethodInvocation invocation4 = EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is MethodInvocation,
+        MethodInvocation,
+        invocation3.function);
+    expect(invocation4.methodName.name, "a");
+    expect(invocation4.typeArguments, isNotNull);
+    ArgumentList argumentList4 = invocation4.argumentList;
+    expect(argumentList4, isNotNull);
+    expect(argumentList4.arguments, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_assignmentExpression_compound() {
+    AssignmentExpression expression = parseExpression("x = y = 0");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.leftHandSide);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is AssignmentExpression,
+        AssignmentExpression, expression.rightHandSide);
+  }
+
+  void test_assignmentExpression_indexExpression() {
+    AssignmentExpression expression = parseExpression("x[1] = 0");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is IndexExpression,
+        IndexExpression, expression.leftHandSide);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is IntegerLiteral,
+        IntegerLiteral, expression.rightHandSide);
+  }
+
+  void test_assignmentExpression_prefixedIdentifier() {
+    AssignmentExpression expression = parseExpression("x.y = 0");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is PrefixedIdentifier,
+        PrefixedIdentifier, expression.leftHandSide);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is IntegerLiteral,
+        IntegerLiteral, expression.rightHandSide);
+  }
+
+  void test_assignmentExpression_propertyAccess() {
+    AssignmentExpression expression = parseExpression("super.y = 0");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is PropertyAccess,
+        PropertyAccess, expression.leftHandSide);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is IntegerLiteral,
+        IntegerLiteral, expression.rightHandSide);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseAndExpression_normal() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("x & y & z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseAndExpression_precedence_equality_left() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("x == y && z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseAndExpression_precedence_equality_right() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("x && y == z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.rightOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseAndExpression_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("super & y & z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseOrExpression_normal() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("x | y | z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseOrExpression_precedence_xor_left() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("x ^ y | z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseOrExpression_precedence_xor_right() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("x | y ^ z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.rightOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseOrExpression_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("super | y | z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseXorExpression_normal() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("x ^ y ^ z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseXorExpression_precedence_and_left() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("x & y ^ z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseXorExpression_precedence_and_right() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("x ^ y & z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.rightOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseXorExpression_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("super ^ y ^ z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_cascade_withAssignment() {
+    CascadeExpression cascade =
+        parseExpression("new Map()..[3] = 4 ..[0] = 11;");
+    Expression target = cascade.target;
+    for (Expression section in cascade.cascadeSections) {
+      EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+          (obj) => obj is AssignmentExpression, AssignmentExpression, section);
+      Expression lhs = (section as AssignmentExpression).leftHandSide;
+      EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+          (obj) => obj is IndexExpression, IndexExpression, lhs);
+      IndexExpression index = lhs as IndexExpression;
+      expect(index.isCascaded, isTrue);
+      expect(index.realTarget, same(target));
+    }
+  }
+
+  void test_conditionalExpression_precedence_ifNullExpression() {
+    ConditionalExpression expression = parseExpression('a ?? b ? y : z');
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.condition);
+  }
+
+  void test_conditionalExpression_precedence_logicalOrExpression() {
+    ConditionalExpression expression = parseExpression("a | b ? y : z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.condition);
+  }
+
+  void test_constructor_initializer_withParenthesizedExpression() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(r'''
+class C {
+  C() :
+    this.a = (b == null ? c : d) {
+  }
+}''');
+    NodeList<CompilationUnitMember> declarations = unit.declarations;
+    expect(declarations, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_equalityExpression_normal() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression(
+        "x == y != z", [ParserErrorCode.EQUALITY_CANNOT_BE_EQUALITY_OPERAND]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_equalityExpression_precedence_relational_left() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("x is y == z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is IsExpression, IsExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_equalityExpression_precedence_relational_right() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("x == y is z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is IsExpression, IsExpression, expression.rightOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_equalityExpression_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("super == y != z",
+        [ParserErrorCode.EQUALITY_CANNOT_BE_EQUALITY_OPERAND]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_ifNullExpression() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression('x ?? y ?? z');
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_ifNullExpression_precedence_logicalOr_left() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression('x || y ?? z');
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_ifNullExpression_precendce_logicalOr_right() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression('x ?? y || z');
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.rightOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_logicalAndExpression() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("x && y && z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_logicalAndExpression_precedence_bitwiseOr_left() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("x | y < z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_logicalAndExpression_precedence_bitwiseOr_right() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("x < y | z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.rightOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_logicalOrExpression() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("x || y || z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_logicalOrExpression_precedence_logicalAnd_left() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("x && y || z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_logicalOrExpression_precedence_logicalAnd_right() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("x || y && z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.rightOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_multipleLabels_statement() {
+    LabeledStatement statement =
+        ParserTestCase.parseStatement("a: b: c: return x;");
+    expect(statement.labels, hasLength(3));
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is ReturnStatement, ReturnStatement, statement.statement);
+  }
+
+  void test_multiplicativeExpression_normal() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("x * y / z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_multiplicativeExpression_precedence_unary_left() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("-x * y");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is PrefixExpression,
+        PrefixExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_multiplicativeExpression_precedence_unary_right() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("x * -y");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is PrefixExpression,
+        PrefixExpression, expression.rightOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_multiplicativeExpression_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("super * y / z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_relationalExpression_precedence_shift_right() {
+    IsExpression expression = parseExpression("x << y is z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.expression);
+  }
+
+  void test_shiftExpression_normal() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("x >> 4 << 3");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_shiftExpression_precedence_additive_left() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("x + y << z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_shiftExpression_precedence_additive_right() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("x << y + z");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.rightOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_shiftExpression_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("super >> 4 << 3");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * The class `ErrorParserTest` defines parser tests that test the parsing of code to ensure
+ * that errors are correctly reported, and in some cases, not reported.
+ */
+@reflectiveTest
+class ErrorParserTest extends ParserTestCase {
+  void fail_expectedListOrMapLiteral() {
+    // It isn't clear that this test can ever pass. The parser is currently
+    // create a synthetic list literal in this case, but isSynthetic() isn't
+    // overridden for ListLiteral. The problem is that the synthetic list
+    // literals that are being created are not always zero length (because they
+    // could have type parameters), which violates the contract of
+    // isSynthetic().
+    TypedLiteral literal = parse3("parseListOrMapLiteral", <Object>[null], "1",
+        [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_LIST_OR_MAP_LITERAL]);
+    expect(literal.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void fail_illegalAssignmentToNonAssignable_superAssigned() {
+    // TODO(brianwilkerson) When this test starts to pass, remove the test
+    // test_illegalAssignmentToNonAssignable_superAssigned.
+    parseExpression(
+        "super = x;", [ParserErrorCode.ILLEGAL_ASSIGNMENT_TO_NON_ASSIGNABLE]);
+  }
+
+  void fail_invalidCommentReference__new_nonIdentifier() {
+    // This test fails because the method parseCommentReference returns null.
+    parse3("parseCommentReference", <Object>["new 42", 0], "",
+        [ParserErrorCode.INVALID_COMMENT_REFERENCE]);
+  }
+
+  void fail_invalidCommentReference__new_tooMuch() {
+    parse3("parseCommentReference", <Object>["new a.b.c.d", 0], "",
+        [ParserErrorCode.INVALID_COMMENT_REFERENCE]);
+  }
+
+  void fail_invalidCommentReference__nonNew_nonIdentifier() {
+    // This test fails because the method parseCommentReference returns null.
+    parse3("parseCommentReference", <Object>["42", 0], "",
+        [ParserErrorCode.INVALID_COMMENT_REFERENCE]);
+  }
+
+  void fail_invalidCommentReference__nonNew_tooMuch() {
+    parse3("parseCommentReference", <Object>["a.b.c.d", 0], "",
+        [ParserErrorCode.INVALID_COMMENT_REFERENCE]);
+  }
+
+  void fail_missingClosingParenthesis() {
+    // It is possible that it is not possible to generate this error (that it's
+    // being reported in code that cannot actually be reached), but that hasn't
+    // been proven yet.
+    parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "(int a, int b ;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_CLOSING_PARENTHESIS]);
+  }
+
+  void fail_missingFunctionParameters_local_nonVoid_block() {
+    // The parser does not recognize this as a function declaration, so it tries
+    // to parse it as an expression statement. It isn't clear what the best
+    // error message is in this case.
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement(
+        "int f { return x;}", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_FUNCTION_PARAMETERS]);
+  }
+
+  void fail_missingFunctionParameters_local_nonVoid_expression() {
+    // The parser does not recognize this as a function declaration, so it tries
+    // to parse it as an expression statement. It isn't clear what the best
+    // error message is in this case.
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement(
+        "int f => x;", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_FUNCTION_PARAMETERS]);
+  }
+
+  void fail_namedFunctionExpression() {
+    Expression expression = parse4("parsePrimaryExpression", "f() {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.NAMED_FUNCTION_EXPRESSION]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is FunctionExpression, FunctionExpression, expression);
+  }
+
+  void fail_unexpectedToken_invalidPostfixExpression() {
+    // Note: this might not be the right error to produce, but some error should
+    // be produced
+    parseExpression("f()++", [ParserErrorCode.UNEXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+  }
+
+  void fail_varAndType_local() {
+    // This is currently reporting EXPECTED_TOKEN for a missing semicolon, but
+    // this would be a better error message.
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement("var int x;", [ParserErrorCode.VAR_AND_TYPE]);
+  }
+
+  void fail_varAndType_parameter() {
+    // This is currently reporting EXPECTED_TOKEN for a missing semicolon, but
+    // this would be a better error message.
+    parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "(var int x)",
+        [ParserErrorCode.VAR_AND_TYPE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_abstractClassMember_constructor() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "abstract C.c();",
+        [ParserErrorCode.ABSTRACT_CLASS_MEMBER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_abstractClassMember_field() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "abstract C f;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.ABSTRACT_CLASS_MEMBER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_abstractClassMember_getter() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "abstract get m;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.ABSTRACT_CLASS_MEMBER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_abstractClassMember_method() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "abstract m();",
+        [ParserErrorCode.ABSTRACT_CLASS_MEMBER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_abstractClassMember_setter() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "abstract set m(v);",
+        [ParserErrorCode.ABSTRACT_CLASS_MEMBER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_abstractEnum() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "abstract enum E {ONE}", [ParserErrorCode.ABSTRACT_ENUM]);
+  }
+
+  void test_abstractTopLevelFunction_function() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "abstract f(v) {}", [ParserErrorCode.ABSTRACT_TOP_LEVEL_FUNCTION]);
+  }
+
+  void test_abstractTopLevelFunction_getter() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "abstract get m {}", [ParserErrorCode.ABSTRACT_TOP_LEVEL_FUNCTION]);
+  }
+
+  void test_abstractTopLevelFunction_setter() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "abstract set m(v) {}", [ParserErrorCode.ABSTRACT_TOP_LEVEL_FUNCTION]);
+  }
+
+  void test_abstractTopLevelVariable() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "abstract C f;", [ParserErrorCode.ABSTRACT_TOP_LEVEL_VARIABLE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_abstractTypeDef() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "abstract typedef F();", [ParserErrorCode.ABSTRACT_TYPEDEF]);
+  }
+
+  void test_annotationOnEnumConstant_first() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("enum E { @override C }",
+        [ParserErrorCode.ANNOTATION_ON_ENUM_CONSTANT]);
+  }
+
+  void test_annotationOnEnumConstant_middle() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("enum E { C, @override D, E }",
+        [ParserErrorCode.ANNOTATION_ON_ENUM_CONSTANT]);
+  }
+
+  void test_assertDoesNotTakeAssignment() {
+    parse4("parseAssertStatement", "assert(b = true);",
+        [ParserErrorCode.ASSERT_DOES_NOT_TAKE_ASSIGNMENT]);
+  }
+
+  void test_assertDoesNotTakeCascades() {
+    parse4("parseAssertStatement", "assert(new A()..m());",
+        [ParserErrorCode.ASSERT_DOES_NOT_TAKE_CASCADE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_assertDoesNotTakeRethrow() {
+    parse4("parseAssertStatement", "assert(rethrow);",
+        [ParserErrorCode.ASSERT_DOES_NOT_TAKE_RETHROW]);
+  }
+
+  void test_assertDoesNotTakeThrow() {
+    parse4("parseAssertStatement", "assert(throw x);",
+        [ParserErrorCode.ASSERT_DOES_NOT_TAKE_THROW]);
+  }
+
+  void test_breakOutsideOfLoop_breakInDoStatement() {
+    parse4("parseDoStatement", "do {break;} while (x);");
+  }
+
+  void test_breakOutsideOfLoop_breakInForStatement() {
+    parse4("parseForStatement", "for (; x;) {break;}");
+  }
+
+  void test_breakOutsideOfLoop_breakInIfStatement() {
+    parse4("parseIfStatement", "if (x) {break;}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.BREAK_OUTSIDE_OF_LOOP]);
+  }
+
+  void test_breakOutsideOfLoop_breakInSwitchStatement() {
+    parse4("parseSwitchStatement", "switch (x) {case 1: break;}");
+  }
+
+  void test_breakOutsideOfLoop_breakInWhileStatement() {
+    parse4("parseWhileStatement", "while (x) {break;}");
+  }
+
+  void test_breakOutsideOfLoop_functionExpression_inALoop() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement(
+        "for(; x;) {() {break;};}", [ParserErrorCode.BREAK_OUTSIDE_OF_LOOP]);
+  }
+
+  void test_breakOutsideOfLoop_functionExpression_withALoop() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement("() {for (; x;) {break;}};");
+  }
+
+  void test_classInClass_abstract() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "class C { abstract class B {} }", [ParserErrorCode.CLASS_IN_CLASS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_classInClass_nonAbstract() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "class C { class B {} }", [ParserErrorCode.CLASS_IN_CLASS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_classTypeAlias_abstractAfterEq() {
+    // This syntax has been removed from the language in favor of
+    // "abstract class A = B with C;" (issue 18098).
+    parse3(
+        "parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "class A = abstract B with C;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN, ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+  }
+
+  void test_colonInPlaceOfIn() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement(
+        "for (var x : list) {}", [ParserErrorCode.COLON_IN_PLACE_OF_IN]);
+  }
+
+  void test_constAndFinal() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "const final int x;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.CONST_AND_FINAL]);
+  }
+
+  void test_constAndVar() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "const var x;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.CONST_AND_VAR]);
+  }
+
+  void test_constClass() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "const class C {}", [ParserErrorCode.CONST_CLASS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_constConstructorWithBody() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "const C() {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.CONST_CONSTRUCTOR_WITH_BODY]);
+  }
+
+  void test_constEnum() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "const enum E {ONE}", [ParserErrorCode.CONST_ENUM]);
+  }
+
+  void test_constFactory() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "const factory C() {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.CONST_FACTORY]);
+  }
+
+  void test_constMethod() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "const int m() {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.CONST_METHOD]);
+  }
+
+  void test_constructorWithReturnType() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "C C() {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.CONSTRUCTOR_WITH_RETURN_TYPE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_constructorWithReturnType_var() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "var C() {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.CONSTRUCTOR_WITH_RETURN_TYPE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_constTypedef() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "const typedef F();", [ParserErrorCode.CONST_TYPEDEF]);
+  }
+
+  void test_continueOutsideOfLoop_continueInDoStatement() {
+    parse4("parseDoStatement", "do {continue;} while (x);");
+  }
+
+  void test_continueOutsideOfLoop_continueInForStatement() {
+    parse4("parseForStatement", "for (; x;) {continue;}");
+  }
+
+  void test_continueOutsideOfLoop_continueInIfStatement() {
+    parse4("parseIfStatement", "if (x) {continue;}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.CONTINUE_OUTSIDE_OF_LOOP]);
+  }
+
+  void test_continueOutsideOfLoop_continueInSwitchStatement() {
+    parse4("parseSwitchStatement", "switch (x) {case 1: continue a;}");
+  }
+
+  void test_continueOutsideOfLoop_continueInWhileStatement() {
+    parse4("parseWhileStatement", "while (x) {continue;}");
+  }
+
+  void test_continueOutsideOfLoop_functionExpression_inALoop() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement("for(; x;) {() {continue;};}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.CONTINUE_OUTSIDE_OF_LOOP]);
+  }
+
+  void test_continueOutsideOfLoop_functionExpression_withALoop() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement("() {for (; x;) {continue;}};");
+  }
+
+  void test_continueWithoutLabelInCase_error() {
+    parse4("parseSwitchStatement", "switch (x) {case 1: continue;}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.CONTINUE_WITHOUT_LABEL_IN_CASE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_continueWithoutLabelInCase_noError() {
+    parse4("parseSwitchStatement", "switch (x) {case 1: continue a;}");
+  }
+
+  void test_continueWithoutLabelInCase_noError_switchInLoop() {
+    parse4(
+        "parseWhileStatement", "while (a) { switch (b) {default: continue;}}");
+  }
+
+  void test_deprecatedClassTypeAlias() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "typedef C = S with M;", [ParserErrorCode.DEPRECATED_CLASS_TYPE_ALIAS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_deprecatedClassTypeAlias_withGeneric() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("typedef C<T> = S<T> with M;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.DEPRECATED_CLASS_TYPE_ALIAS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_directiveAfterDeclaration_classBeforeDirective() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "class Foo{} library l;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.DIRECTIVE_AFTER_DECLARATION]);
+    expect(unit, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_directiveAfterDeclaration_classBetweenDirectives() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "library l;\nclass Foo{}\npart 'a.dart';",
+        [ParserErrorCode.DIRECTIVE_AFTER_DECLARATION]);
+    expect(unit, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_duplicatedModifier_const() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "const const m;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.DUPLICATED_MODIFIER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_duplicatedModifier_external() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "external external f();",
+        [ParserErrorCode.DUPLICATED_MODIFIER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_duplicatedModifier_factory() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "factory factory C() {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.DUPLICATED_MODIFIER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_duplicatedModifier_final() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "final final m;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.DUPLICATED_MODIFIER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_duplicatedModifier_static() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "static static var m;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.DUPLICATED_MODIFIER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_duplicatedModifier_var() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "var var m;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.DUPLICATED_MODIFIER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_duplicateLabelInSwitchStatement() {
+    parse4(
+        "parseSwitchStatement",
+        "switch (e) {l1: case 0: break; l1: case 1: break;}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.DUPLICATE_LABEL_IN_SWITCH_STATEMENT]);
+  }
+
+  void test_emptyEnumBody() {
+    parse3("parseEnumDeclaration", <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "enum E {}", [ParserErrorCode.EMPTY_ENUM_BODY]);
+  }
+
+  void test_enumInClass() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        r'''
+class Foo {
+  enum Bar {
+    Bar1, Bar2, Bar3
+  }
+}
+''',
+        [ParserErrorCode.ENUM_IN_CLASS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_equalityCannotBeEqualityOperand_eq_eq() {
+    parseExpression(
+        "1 == 2 == 3", [ParserErrorCode.EQUALITY_CANNOT_BE_EQUALITY_OPERAND]);
+  }
+
+  void test_equalityCannotBeEqualityOperand_eq_neq() {
+    parseExpression(
+        "1 == 2 != 3", [ParserErrorCode.EQUALITY_CANNOT_BE_EQUALITY_OPERAND]);
+  }
+
+  void test_equalityCannotBeEqualityOperand_neq_eq() {
+    parseExpression(
+        "1 != 2 == 3", [ParserErrorCode.EQUALITY_CANNOT_BE_EQUALITY_OPERAND]);
+  }
+
+  void test_expectedCaseOrDefault() {
+    parse4("parseSwitchStatement", "switch (e) {break;}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_CASE_OR_DEFAULT]);
+  }
+
+  void test_expectedClassMember_inClass_afterType() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "heart 2 heart",
+        [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_CLASS_MEMBER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_expectedClassMember_inClass_beforeType() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "4 score",
+        [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_CLASS_MEMBER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_expectedExecutable_inClass_afterVoid() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "void 2 void",
+        [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_EXECUTABLE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_expectedExecutable_topLevel_afterType() {
+    parse3("parseCompilationUnitMember", <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "heart 2 heart", [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_EXECUTABLE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_expectedExecutable_topLevel_afterVoid() {
+    parse3("parseCompilationUnitMember", <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "void 2 void", [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_EXECUTABLE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_expectedExecutable_topLevel_beforeType() {
+    parse3("parseCompilationUnitMember", <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "4 score", [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_EXECUTABLE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_expectedExecutable_topLevel_eof() {
+    parse2(
+        "parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "x",
+        [new AnalysisError(null, 0, 1, ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_EXECUTABLE)]);
+  }
+
+  void test_expectedInterpolationIdentifier() {
+    parse4(
+        "parseStringLiteral", "'\$x\$'", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_expectedInterpolationIdentifier_emptyString() {
+    // The scanner inserts an empty string token between the two $'s; we need to
+    // make sure that the MISSING_IDENTIFIER error that is generated has a
+    // nonzero width so that it will show up in the editor UI.
+    parse2("parseStringLiteral", <Object>[], "'\$\$foo'",
+        [new AnalysisError(null, 2, 1, ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER)]);
+  }
+
+  void test_expectedStringLiteral() {
+    StringLiteral expression = parse4(
+        "parseStringLiteral", "1", [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_STRING_LITERAL]);
+    expect(expression.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_expectedToken_commaMissingInArgumentList() {
+    parse4("parseArgumentList", "(x, y z)", [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+  }
+
+  void test_expectedToken_parseStatement_afterVoid() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement("void}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN, ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_expectedToken_semicolonAfterClass() {
+    Token token = TokenFactory.tokenFromKeyword(Keyword.CLASS);
+    parse3(
+        "parseClassTypeAlias",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata(), null, token],
+        "A = B with C",
+        [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+  }
+
+  void test_expectedToken_semicolonMissingAfterExport() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "export '' class A {}", [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+    ExportDirective directive = unit.directives[0] as ExportDirective;
+    Token semicolon = directive.semicolon;
+    expect(semicolon, isNotNull);
+    expect(semicolon.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_expectedToken_semicolonMissingAfterExpression() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement("x", [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+  }
+
+  void test_expectedToken_semicolonMissingAfterImport() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "import '' class A {}", [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+    ImportDirective directive = unit.directives[0] as ImportDirective;
+    Token semicolon = directive.semicolon;
+    expect(semicolon, isNotNull);
+    expect(semicolon.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_expectedToken_whileMissingInDoStatement() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement(
+        "do {} (x);", [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+  }
+
+  void test_expectedTypeName_is() {
+    parseExpression("x is", [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TYPE_NAME]);
+  }
+
+  void test_exportDirectiveAfterPartDirective() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("part 'a.dart'; export 'b.dart';",
+        [ParserErrorCode.EXPORT_DIRECTIVE_AFTER_PART_DIRECTIVE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_externalAfterConst() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "const external C();",
+        [ParserErrorCode.EXTERNAL_AFTER_CONST]);
+  }
+
+  void test_externalAfterFactory() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "factory external C();",
+        [ParserErrorCode.EXTERNAL_AFTER_FACTORY]);
+  }
+
+  void test_externalAfterStatic() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "static external int m();",
+        [ParserErrorCode.EXTERNAL_AFTER_STATIC]);
+  }
+
+  void test_externalClass() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "external class C {}", [ParserErrorCode.EXTERNAL_CLASS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_externalConstructorWithBody_factory() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "external factory C() {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.EXTERNAL_CONSTRUCTOR_WITH_BODY]);
+  }
+
+  void test_externalConstructorWithBody_named() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "external C.c() {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.EXTERNAL_CONSTRUCTOR_WITH_BODY]);
+  }
+
+  void test_externalEnum() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "external enum E {ONE}", [ParserErrorCode.EXTERNAL_ENUM]);
+  }
+
+  void test_externalField_const() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "external const A f;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.EXTERNAL_FIELD]);
+  }
+
+  void test_externalField_final() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "external final A f;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.EXTERNAL_FIELD]);
+  }
+
+  void test_externalField_static() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "external static A f;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.EXTERNAL_FIELD]);
+  }
+
+  void test_externalField_typed() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "external A f;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.EXTERNAL_FIELD]);
+  }
+
+  void test_externalField_untyped() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "external var f;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.EXTERNAL_FIELD]);
+  }
+
+  void test_externalGetterWithBody() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "external int get x {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.EXTERNAL_GETTER_WITH_BODY]);
+  }
+
+  void test_externalMethodWithBody() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "external m() {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.EXTERNAL_METHOD_WITH_BODY]);
+  }
+
+  void test_externalOperatorWithBody() {
+    parse3(
+        "parseClassMember",
+        <Object>["C"],
+        "external operator +(int value) {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.EXTERNAL_OPERATOR_WITH_BODY]);
+  }
+
+  void test_externalSetterWithBody() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "external set x(int value) {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.EXTERNAL_SETTER_WITH_BODY]);
+  }
+
+  void test_externalTypedef() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "external typedef F();", [ParserErrorCode.EXTERNAL_TYPEDEF]);
+  }
+
+  void test_factoryTopLevelDeclaration_class() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "factory class C {}", [ParserErrorCode.FACTORY_TOP_LEVEL_DECLARATION]);
+  }
+
+  void test_factoryTopLevelDeclaration_typedef() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("factory typedef F();",
+        [ParserErrorCode.FACTORY_TOP_LEVEL_DECLARATION]);
+  }
+
+  void test_factoryWithInitializers() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "factory C() : x = 3 {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.FACTORY_WITH_INITIALIZERS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_factoryWithoutBody() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "factory C();",
+        [ParserErrorCode.FACTORY_WITHOUT_BODY]);
+  }
+
+  void test_fieldInitializerOutsideConstructor() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "void m(this.x);",
+        [ParserErrorCode.FIELD_INITIALIZER_OUTSIDE_CONSTRUCTOR]);
+  }
+
+  void test_finalAndVar() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "final var x;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.FINAL_AND_VAR]);
+  }
+
+  void test_finalClass() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "final class C {}", [ParserErrorCode.FINAL_CLASS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_finalConstructor() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "final C() {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.FINAL_CONSTRUCTOR]);
+  }
+
+  void test_finalEnum() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "final enum E {ONE}", [ParserErrorCode.FINAL_ENUM]);
+  }
+
+  void test_finalMethod() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "final int m() {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.FINAL_METHOD]);
+  }
+
+  void test_finalTypedef() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "final typedef F();", [ParserErrorCode.FINAL_TYPEDEF]);
+  }
+
+  void test_functionTypedParameter_const() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "void f(const x()) {}", [ParserErrorCode.FUNCTION_TYPED_PARAMETER_VAR]);
+  }
+
+  void test_functionTypedParameter_final() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "void f(final x()) {}", [ParserErrorCode.FUNCTION_TYPED_PARAMETER_VAR]);
+  }
+
+  void test_functionTypedParameter_var() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "void f(var x()) {}", [ParserErrorCode.FUNCTION_TYPED_PARAMETER_VAR]);
+  }
+
+  void test_getterInFunction_block_noReturnType() {
+    FunctionDeclarationStatement statement = ParserTestCase.parseStatement(
+        "get x { return _x; }", [ParserErrorCode.GETTER_IN_FUNCTION]);
+    expect(statement.functionDeclaration.functionExpression.parameters, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_getterInFunction_block_returnType() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement(
+        "int get x { return _x; }", [ParserErrorCode.GETTER_IN_FUNCTION]);
+  }
+
+  void test_getterInFunction_expression_noReturnType() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement(
+        "get x => _x;", [ParserErrorCode.GETTER_IN_FUNCTION]);
+  }
+
+  void test_getterInFunction_expression_returnType() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement(
+        "int get x => _x;", [ParserErrorCode.GETTER_IN_FUNCTION]);
+  }
+
+  void test_getterWithParameters() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "int get x() {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.GETTER_WITH_PARAMETERS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_illegalAssignmentToNonAssignable_postfix_minusMinus_literal() {
+    parseExpression(
+        "0--", [ParserErrorCode.ILLEGAL_ASSIGNMENT_TO_NON_ASSIGNABLE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_illegalAssignmentToNonAssignable_postfix_plusPlus_literal() {
+    parseExpression(
+        "0++", [ParserErrorCode.ILLEGAL_ASSIGNMENT_TO_NON_ASSIGNABLE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_illegalAssignmentToNonAssignable_postfix_plusPlus_parethesized() {
+    parseExpression(
+        "(x)++", [ParserErrorCode.ILLEGAL_ASSIGNMENT_TO_NON_ASSIGNABLE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_illegalAssignmentToNonAssignable_primarySelectorPostfix() {
+    parseExpression(
+        "x(y)(z)++", [ParserErrorCode.ILLEGAL_ASSIGNMENT_TO_NON_ASSIGNABLE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_illegalAssignmentToNonAssignable_superAssigned() {
+    // TODO(brianwilkerson) When the test
+    // fail_illegalAssignmentToNonAssignable_superAssigned starts to pass,
+    // remove this test (there should only be one error generated, but we're
+    // keeping this test until that time so that we can catch other forms of
+    // regressions).
+    parseExpression("super = x;", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_ASSIGNABLE_SELECTOR,
+      ParserErrorCode.ILLEGAL_ASSIGNMENT_TO_NON_ASSIGNABLE
+    ]);
+  }
+
+  void test_implementsBeforeExtends() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("class A implements B extends C {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.IMPLEMENTS_BEFORE_EXTENDS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_implementsBeforeWith() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "class A extends B implements C with D {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.IMPLEMENTS_BEFORE_WITH]);
+  }
+
+  void test_importDirectiveAfterPartDirective() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("part 'a.dart'; import 'b.dart';",
+        [ParserErrorCode.IMPORT_DIRECTIVE_AFTER_PART_DIRECTIVE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_initializedVariableInForEach() {
+    parse4("parseForStatement", "for (int a = 0 in foo) {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.INITIALIZED_VARIABLE_IN_FOR_EACH]);
+  }
+
+  void test_invalidAwaitInFor() {
+    parse4("parseForStatement", "await for (; ;) {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.INVALID_AWAIT_IN_FOR]);
+  }
+
+  void test_invalidCodePoint() {
+    parse4("parseStringLiteral", "'\\uD900'",
+        [ParserErrorCode.INVALID_CODE_POINT]);
+  }
+
+  void test_invalidHexEscape_invalidDigit() {
+    parse4(
+        "parseStringLiteral", "'\\x0 a'", [ParserErrorCode.INVALID_HEX_ESCAPE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_invalidHexEscape_tooFewDigits() {
+    parse4(
+        "parseStringLiteral", "'\\x0'", [ParserErrorCode.INVALID_HEX_ESCAPE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_invalidInterpolationIdentifier_startWithDigit() {
+    parse4("parseStringLiteral", "'\$1'", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_invalidOperator() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "void operator ===(x) {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.INVALID_OPERATOR]);
+  }
+
+  void test_invalidOperatorAfterSuper_assignableExpression() {
+    parse3('parseAssignableExpression', <Object>[false], 'super?.v',
+        [ParserErrorCode.INVALID_OPERATOR_FOR_SUPER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_invalidOperatorAfterSuper_primaryExpression() {
+    parse4('parsePrimaryExpression', 'super?.v',
+        [ParserErrorCode.INVALID_OPERATOR_FOR_SUPER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_invalidOperatorForSuper() {
+    parse4("parseUnaryExpression", "++super",
+        [ParserErrorCode.INVALID_OPERATOR_FOR_SUPER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_invalidStarAfterAsync() {
+    parse3("parseFunctionBody", <Object>[false, null, false], "async* => 0;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.INVALID_STAR_AFTER_ASYNC]);
+  }
+
+  void test_invalidSync() {
+    parse3("parseFunctionBody", <Object>[false, null, false], "sync* => 0;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.INVALID_SYNC]);
+  }
+
+  void test_invalidUnicodeEscape_incomplete_noDigits() {
+    parse4("parseStringLiteral", "'\\u{'",
+        [ParserErrorCode.INVALID_UNICODE_ESCAPE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_invalidUnicodeEscape_incomplete_someDigits() {
+    parse4("parseStringLiteral", "'\\u{0A'",
+        [ParserErrorCode.INVALID_UNICODE_ESCAPE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_invalidUnicodeEscape_invalidDigit() {
+    parse4("parseStringLiteral", "'\\u0 a'",
+        [ParserErrorCode.INVALID_UNICODE_ESCAPE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_invalidUnicodeEscape_tooFewDigits_fixed() {
+    parse4("parseStringLiteral", "'\\u04'",
+        [ParserErrorCode.INVALID_UNICODE_ESCAPE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_invalidUnicodeEscape_tooFewDigits_variable() {
+    parse4("parseStringLiteral", "'\\u{}'",
+        [ParserErrorCode.INVALID_UNICODE_ESCAPE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_invalidUnicodeEscape_tooManyDigits_variable() {
+    parse4("parseStringLiteral", "'\\u{12345678}'", [
+      ParserErrorCode.INVALID_UNICODE_ESCAPE,
+      ParserErrorCode.INVALID_CODE_POINT
+    ]);
+  }
+
+  void test_libraryDirectiveNotFirst() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("import 'x.dart'; library l;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.LIBRARY_DIRECTIVE_NOT_FIRST]);
+  }
+
+  void test_libraryDirectiveNotFirst_afterPart() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "part 'a.dart';\nlibrary l;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.LIBRARY_DIRECTIVE_NOT_FIRST]);
+    expect(unit, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_localFunctionDeclarationModifier_abstract() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement("abstract f() {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.LOCAL_FUNCTION_DECLARATION_MODIFIER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_localFunctionDeclarationModifier_external() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement("external f() {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.LOCAL_FUNCTION_DECLARATION_MODIFIER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_localFunctionDeclarationModifier_factory() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement("factory f() {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.LOCAL_FUNCTION_DECLARATION_MODIFIER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_localFunctionDeclarationModifier_static() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement(
+        "static f() {}", [ParserErrorCode.LOCAL_FUNCTION_DECLARATION_MODIFIER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingAssignableSelector_identifiersAssigned() {
+    parseExpression("x.y = y;");
+  }
+
+  void test_missingAssignableSelector_prefix_minusMinus_literal() {
+    parseExpression("--0", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_ASSIGNABLE_SELECTOR]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingAssignableSelector_prefix_plusPlus_literal() {
+    parseExpression("++0", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_ASSIGNABLE_SELECTOR]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingAssignableSelector_selector() {
+    parseExpression("x(y)(z).a++");
+  }
+
+  void test_missingAssignableSelector_superPrimaryExpression() {
+    SuperExpression expression = parse4("parsePrimaryExpression", "super",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_ASSIGNABLE_SELECTOR]);
+    expect(expression.superKeyword, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingAssignableSelector_superPropertyAccessAssigned() {
+    parseExpression("super.x = x;");
+  }
+
+  void test_missingCatchOrFinally() {
+    TryStatement statement = parse4("parseTryStatement", "try {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_CATCH_OR_FINALLY]);
+    expect(statement, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingClassBody() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "class A class B {}", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_CLASS_BODY]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingConstFinalVarOrType_static() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("class A { static f; }",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_CONST_FINAL_VAR_OR_TYPE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingConstFinalVarOrType_topLevel() {
+    parse3("parseFinalConstVarOrType", <Object>[false], "a;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_CONST_FINAL_VAR_OR_TYPE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingEnumBody() {
+    parse3("parseEnumDeclaration", <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "enum E;", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_ENUM_BODY]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingExpressionInThrow_withCascade() {
+    parse4("parseThrowExpression", "throw;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_EXPRESSION_IN_THROW]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingExpressionInThrow_withoutCascade() {
+    parse4("parseThrowExpressionWithoutCascade", "throw;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_EXPRESSION_IN_THROW]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingFunctionBody_emptyNotAllowed() {
+    parse3(
+        "parseFunctionBody",
+        <Object>[false, ParserErrorCode.MISSING_FUNCTION_BODY, false],
+        ";",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_FUNCTION_BODY]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingFunctionBody_invalid() {
+    parse3(
+        "parseFunctionBody",
+        <Object>[false, ParserErrorCode.MISSING_FUNCTION_BODY, false],
+        "return 0;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_FUNCTION_BODY]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingFunctionParameters_local_void_block() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement(
+        "void f { return x;}", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_FUNCTION_PARAMETERS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingFunctionParameters_local_void_expression() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement(
+        "void f => x;", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_FUNCTION_PARAMETERS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingFunctionParameters_topLevel_nonVoid_block() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "int f { return x;}", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_FUNCTION_PARAMETERS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingFunctionParameters_topLevel_nonVoid_expression() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "int f => x;", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_FUNCTION_PARAMETERS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingFunctionParameters_topLevel_void_block() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "void f { return x;}", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_FUNCTION_PARAMETERS]);
+    FunctionDeclaration funct = unit.declarations[0];
+    expect(funct.functionExpression.parameters, hasLength(0));
+  }
+
+  void test_missingFunctionParameters_topLevel_void_expression() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "void f => x;", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_FUNCTION_PARAMETERS]);
+    FunctionDeclaration funct = unit.declarations[0];
+    expect(funct.functionExpression.parameters, hasLength(0));
+  }
+
+  void test_missingIdentifier_afterOperator() {
+    parse4("parseMultiplicativeExpression", "1 *",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingIdentifier_beforeClosingCurly() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "int}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER, ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingIdentifier_functionDeclaration_returnTypeWithoutName() {
+    parse4("parseFunctionDeclarationStatement", "A<T> () {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingIdentifier_inEnum() {
+    parse3("parseEnumDeclaration", <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "enum E {, TWO}", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingIdentifier_inSymbol_afterPeriod() {
+    parse4("parseSymbolLiteral", "#a.", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingIdentifier_inSymbol_first() {
+    parse4("parseSymbolLiteral", "#", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingIdentifier_number() {
+    SimpleIdentifier expression = parse4(
+        "parseSimpleIdentifier", "1", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    expect(expression.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingKeywordOperator() {
+    parse3("parseOperator", <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata(), null, null],
+        "+(x) {}", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_KEYWORD_OPERATOR]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingKeywordOperator_parseClassMember() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "+() {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_KEYWORD_OPERATOR]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingKeywordOperator_parseClassMember_afterTypeName() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "int +() {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_KEYWORD_OPERATOR]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingKeywordOperator_parseClassMember_afterVoid() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "void +() {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_KEYWORD_OPERATOR]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingMethodParameters_void_block() {
+    MethodDeclaration method = parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"],
+        "void m {} }", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_METHOD_PARAMETERS]);
+    expect(method.parameters, hasLength(0));
+  }
+
+  void test_missingMethodParameters_void_expression() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "void m => null; }",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_METHOD_PARAMETERS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingNameInLibraryDirective() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "library;", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_NAME_IN_LIBRARY_DIRECTIVE]);
+    expect(unit, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingNameInPartOfDirective() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "part of;", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_NAME_IN_PART_OF_DIRECTIVE]);
+    expect(unit, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingPrefixInDeferredImport() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("import 'foo.dart' deferred;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_PREFIX_IN_DEFERRED_IMPORT]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingStartAfterSync() {
+    parse3("parseFunctionBody", <Object>[false, null, false], "sync {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_STAR_AFTER_SYNC]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingStatement() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement("is", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_STATEMENT]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingStatement_afterVoid() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement("void;", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_STATEMENT]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingTerminatorForParameterGroup_named() {
+    parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "(a, {b: 0)",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_TERMINATOR_FOR_PARAMETER_GROUP]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingTerminatorForParameterGroup_optional() {
+    parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "(a, [b = 0)",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_TERMINATOR_FOR_PARAMETER_GROUP]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingTypedefParameters_nonVoid() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "typedef int F;", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_TYPEDEF_PARAMETERS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingTypedefParameters_typeParameters() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "typedef F<E>;", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_TYPEDEF_PARAMETERS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingTypedefParameters_void() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "typedef void F;", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_TYPEDEF_PARAMETERS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingVariableInForEach() {
+    parse4("parseForStatement", "for (a < b in foo) {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_VARIABLE_IN_FOR_EACH]);
+  }
+
+  void test_mixedParameterGroups_namedPositional() {
+    parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "(a, {b}, [c])",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MIXED_PARAMETER_GROUPS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_mixedParameterGroups_positionalNamed() {
+    parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "(a, [b], {c})",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MIXED_PARAMETER_GROUPS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_mixin_application_lacks_with_clause() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "class Foo = Bar;", [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+  }
+
+  void test_multipleExtendsClauses() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("class A extends B extends C {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MULTIPLE_EXTENDS_CLAUSES]);
+  }
+
+  void test_multipleImplementsClauses() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("class A implements B implements C {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MULTIPLE_IMPLEMENTS_CLAUSES]);
+  }
+
+  void test_multipleLibraryDirectives() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "library l; library m;", [ParserErrorCode.MULTIPLE_LIBRARY_DIRECTIVES]);
+  }
+
+  void test_multipleNamedParameterGroups() {
+    parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "(a, {b}, {c})",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MULTIPLE_NAMED_PARAMETER_GROUPS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_multiplePartOfDirectives() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "part of l; part of m;", [ParserErrorCode.MULTIPLE_PART_OF_DIRECTIVES]);
+  }
+
+  void test_multiplePositionalParameterGroups() {
+    parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "(a, [b], [c])",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MULTIPLE_POSITIONAL_PARAMETER_GROUPS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_multipleVariablesInForEach() {
+    parse4("parseForStatement", "for (int a, b in foo) {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MULTIPLE_VARIABLES_IN_FOR_EACH]);
+  }
+
+  void test_multipleWithClauses() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("class A extends B with C with D {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MULTIPLE_WITH_CLAUSES]);
+  }
+
+  void test_namedParameterOutsideGroup() {
+    parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "(a, b : 0)",
+        [ParserErrorCode.NAMED_PARAMETER_OUTSIDE_GROUP]);
+  }
+
+  void test_nonConstructorFactory_field() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "factory int x;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.NON_CONSTRUCTOR_FACTORY]);
+  }
+
+  void test_nonConstructorFactory_method() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "factory int m() {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.NON_CONSTRUCTOR_FACTORY]);
+  }
+
+  void test_nonIdentifierLibraryName_library() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "library 'lib';", [ParserErrorCode.NON_IDENTIFIER_LIBRARY_NAME]);
+    expect(unit, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_nonIdentifierLibraryName_partOf() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "part of 'lib';", [ParserErrorCode.NON_IDENTIFIER_LIBRARY_NAME]);
+    expect(unit, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_nonPartOfDirectiveInPart_after() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("part of l; part 'f.dart';",
+        [ParserErrorCode.NON_PART_OF_DIRECTIVE_IN_PART]);
+  }
+
+  void test_nonPartOfDirectiveInPart_before() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("part 'f.dart'; part of m;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.NON_PART_OF_DIRECTIVE_IN_PART]);
+  }
+
+  void test_nonUserDefinableOperator() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "operator +=(int x) => x + 1;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.NON_USER_DEFINABLE_OPERATOR]);
+  }
+
+  void test_optionalAfterNormalParameters_named() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "f({a}, b) {}", [ParserErrorCode.NORMAL_BEFORE_OPTIONAL_PARAMETERS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_optionalAfterNormalParameters_positional() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "f([a], b) {}", [ParserErrorCode.NORMAL_BEFORE_OPTIONAL_PARAMETERS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCascadeSection_missingIdentifier() {
+    MethodInvocation methodInvocation = parse4(
+        "parseCascadeSection", "..()", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    expect(methodInvocation.target, isNull);
+    expect(methodInvocation.methodName.name, "");
+    expect(methodInvocation.typeArguments, isNull);
+    expect(methodInvocation.argumentList.arguments, hasLength(0));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCascadeSection_missingIdentifier_typeArguments() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    MethodInvocation methodInvocation = parse4(
+        "parseCascadeSection", "..<E>()", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    expect(methodInvocation.target, isNull);
+    expect(methodInvocation.methodName.name, "");
+    expect(methodInvocation.typeArguments, isNotNull);
+    expect(methodInvocation.argumentList.arguments, hasLength(0));
+  }
+
+  void test_positionalAfterNamedArgument() {
+    parse4("parseArgumentList", "(x: 1, 2)",
+        [ParserErrorCode.POSITIONAL_AFTER_NAMED_ARGUMENT]);
+  }
+
+  void test_positionalParameterOutsideGroup() {
+    parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "(a, b = 0)",
+        [ParserErrorCode.POSITIONAL_PARAMETER_OUTSIDE_GROUP]);
+  }
+
+  void test_redirectionInNonFactoryConstructor() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "C() = D;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.REDIRECTION_IN_NON_FACTORY_CONSTRUCTOR]);
+  }
+
+  void test_setterInFunction_block() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement(
+        "set x(v) {_x = v;}", [ParserErrorCode.SETTER_IN_FUNCTION]);
+  }
+
+  void test_setterInFunction_expression() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement(
+        "set x(v) => _x = v;", [ParserErrorCode.SETTER_IN_FUNCTION]);
+  }
+
+  void test_staticAfterConst() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "final static int f;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.STATIC_AFTER_FINAL]);
+  }
+
+  void test_staticAfterFinal() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "const static int f;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.STATIC_AFTER_CONST]);
+  }
+
+  void test_staticAfterVar() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "var static f;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.STATIC_AFTER_VAR]);
+  }
+
+  void test_staticConstructor() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "static C.m() {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.STATIC_CONSTRUCTOR]);
+  }
+
+  void test_staticGetterWithoutBody() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "static get m;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.STATIC_GETTER_WITHOUT_BODY]);
+  }
+
+  void test_staticOperator_noReturnType() {
+    parse3(
+        "parseClassMember",
+        <Object>["C"],
+        "static operator +(int x) => x + 1;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.STATIC_OPERATOR]);
+  }
+
+  void test_staticOperator_returnType() {
+    parse3(
+        "parseClassMember",
+        <Object>["C"],
+        "static int operator +(int x) => x + 1;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.STATIC_OPERATOR]);
+  }
+
+  void test_staticSetterWithoutBody() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "static set m(x);",
+        [ParserErrorCode.STATIC_SETTER_WITHOUT_BODY]);
+  }
+
+  void test_staticTopLevelDeclaration_class() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "static class C {}", [ParserErrorCode.STATIC_TOP_LEVEL_DECLARATION]);
+  }
+
+  void test_staticTopLevelDeclaration_function() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "static f() {}", [ParserErrorCode.STATIC_TOP_LEVEL_DECLARATION]);
+  }
+
+  void test_staticTopLevelDeclaration_typedef() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "static typedef F();", [ParserErrorCode.STATIC_TOP_LEVEL_DECLARATION]);
+  }
+
+  void test_staticTopLevelDeclaration_variable() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "static var x;", [ParserErrorCode.STATIC_TOP_LEVEL_DECLARATION]);
+  }
+
+  void test_switchHasCaseAfterDefaultCase() {
+    parse4(
+        "parseSwitchStatement",
+        "switch (a) {default: return 0; case 1: return 1;}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.SWITCH_HAS_CASE_AFTER_DEFAULT_CASE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_switchHasCaseAfterDefaultCase_repeated() {
+    parse4("parseSwitchStatement",
+        "switch (a) {default: return 0; case 1: return 1; case 2: return 2;}", [
+      ParserErrorCode.SWITCH_HAS_CASE_AFTER_DEFAULT_CASE,
+      ParserErrorCode.SWITCH_HAS_CASE_AFTER_DEFAULT_CASE
+    ]);
+  }
+
+  void test_switchHasMultipleDefaultCases() {
+    parse4(
+        "parseSwitchStatement",
+        "switch (a) {default: return 0; default: return 1;}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.SWITCH_HAS_MULTIPLE_DEFAULT_CASES]);
+  }
+
+  void test_switchHasMultipleDefaultCases_repeated() {
+    parse4(
+        "parseSwitchStatement",
+        "switch (a) {default: return 0; default: return 1; default: return 2;}",
+        [
+      ParserErrorCode.SWITCH_HAS_MULTIPLE_DEFAULT_CASES,
+      ParserErrorCode.SWITCH_HAS_MULTIPLE_DEFAULT_CASES
+    ]);
+  }
+
+  void test_topLevel_getter() {
+    FunctionDeclaration funct = parse3("parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "get x => 7;");
+    expect(funct.functionExpression.parameters, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_topLevelOperator_withoutType() {
+    parse3(
+        "parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "operator +(bool x, bool y) => x | y;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.TOP_LEVEL_OPERATOR]);
+  }
+
+  void test_topLevelOperator_withType() {
+    parse3(
+        "parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "bool operator +(bool x, bool y) => x | y;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.TOP_LEVEL_OPERATOR]);
+  }
+
+  void test_topLevelOperator_withVoid() {
+    parse3(
+        "parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "void operator +(bool x, bool y) => x | y;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.TOP_LEVEL_OPERATOR]);
+  }
+
+  void test_topLevelVariable_withMetadata() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("String @A string;", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_CONST_FINAL_VAR_OR_TYPE
+    ]);
+  }
+
+  void test_typedefInClass_withoutReturnType() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "class C { typedef F(x); }", [ParserErrorCode.TYPEDEF_IN_CLASS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_typedefInClass_withReturnType() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("class C { typedef int F(int x); }",
+        [ParserErrorCode.TYPEDEF_IN_CLASS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_unexpectedTerminatorForParameterGroup_named() {
+    parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "(a, b})",
+        [ParserErrorCode.UNEXPECTED_TERMINATOR_FOR_PARAMETER_GROUP]);
+  }
+
+  void test_unexpectedTerminatorForParameterGroup_optional() {
+    parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "(a, b])",
+        [ParserErrorCode.UNEXPECTED_TERMINATOR_FOR_PARAMETER_GROUP]);
+  }
+
+  void test_unexpectedToken_endOfFieldDeclarationStatement() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement(
+        "String s = (null));", [ParserErrorCode.UNEXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+  }
+
+  void test_unexpectedToken_returnInExpressionFuntionBody() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "f() => return null;", [ParserErrorCode.UNEXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+  }
+
+  void test_unexpectedToken_semicolonBetweenClassMembers() {
+    parse3("parseClassDeclaration", <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata(), null],
+        "class C { int x; ; int y;}", [ParserErrorCode.UNEXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+  }
+
+  void test_unexpectedToken_semicolonBetweenCompilationUnitMembers() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "int x; ; int y;", [ParserErrorCode.UNEXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+  }
+
+  void test_unterminatedString_at_eof() {
+    // Although the "unterminated string" error message is produced by the
+    // scanner, we need to verify that the parser can handle the tokens
+    // produced by the scanner when an unterminated string is encountered.
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        r'''
+void main() {
+  var x = "''',
+        [
+      ScannerErrorCode.UNTERMINATED_STRING_LITERAL,
+      ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN,
+      ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN
+    ]);
+  }
+
+  void test_unterminatedString_at_eol() {
+    // Although the "unterminated string" error message is produced by the
+    // scanner, we need to verify that the parser can handle the tokens
+    // produced by the scanner when an unterminated string is encountered.
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        r'''
+void main() {
+  var x = "
+;
+}
+''',
+        [ScannerErrorCode.UNTERMINATED_STRING_LITERAL]);
+  }
+
+  void test_unterminatedString_multiline_at_eof_3_quotes() {
+    // Although the "unterminated string" error message is produced by the
+    // scanner, we need to verify that the parser can handle the tokens
+    // produced by the scanner when an unterminated string is encountered.
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        r'''
+void main() {
+  var x = """''',
+        [
+      ScannerErrorCode.UNTERMINATED_STRING_LITERAL,
+      ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN,
+      ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN
+    ]);
+  }
+
+  void test_unterminatedString_multiline_at_eof_4_quotes() {
+    // Although the "unterminated string" error message is produced by the
+    // scanner, we need to verify that the parser can handle the tokens
+    // produced by the scanner when an unterminated string is encountered.
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        r'''
+void main() {
+  var x = """"''',
+        [
+      ScannerErrorCode.UNTERMINATED_STRING_LITERAL,
+      ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN,
+      ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN
+    ]);
+  }
+
+  void test_unterminatedString_multiline_at_eof_5_quotes() {
+    // Although the "unterminated string" error message is produced by the
+    // scanner, we need to verify that the parser can handle the tokens
+    // produced by the scanner when an unterminated string is encountered.
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        r'''
+void main() {
+  var x = """""''',
+        [
+      ScannerErrorCode.UNTERMINATED_STRING_LITERAL,
+      ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN,
+      ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN
+    ]);
+  }
+
+  void test_useOfUnaryPlusOperator() {
+    SimpleIdentifier expression = parse4(
+        "parseUnaryExpression", "+x", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier, SimpleIdentifier, expression);
+    expect(expression.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_varAndType_field() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "class C { var int x; }", [ParserErrorCode.VAR_AND_TYPE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_varAndType_topLevelVariable() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "var int x;", [ParserErrorCode.VAR_AND_TYPE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_varAsTypeName_as() {
+    parseExpression("x as var", [ParserErrorCode.VAR_AS_TYPE_NAME]);
+  }
+
+  void test_varClass() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "var class C {}", [ParserErrorCode.VAR_CLASS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_varEnum() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "var enum E {ONE}", [ParserErrorCode.VAR_ENUM]);
+  }
+
+  void test_varReturnType() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "var m() {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.VAR_RETURN_TYPE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_varTypedef() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "var typedef F();", [ParserErrorCode.VAR_TYPEDEF]);
+  }
+
+  void test_voidParameter() {
+    parse4("parseNormalFormalParameter", "void a)",
+        [ParserErrorCode.VOID_PARAMETER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_voidVariable_parseClassMember_initializer() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "void x = 0;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.VOID_VARIABLE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_voidVariable_parseClassMember_noInitializer() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "void x;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.VOID_VARIABLE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_voidVariable_parseCompilationUnit_initializer() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "void x = 0;", [ParserErrorCode.VOID_VARIABLE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_voidVariable_parseCompilationUnit_noInitializer() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "void x;", [ParserErrorCode.VOID_VARIABLE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_voidVariable_parseCompilationUnitMember_initializer() {
+    parse3("parseCompilationUnitMember", <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "void a = 0;", [ParserErrorCode.VOID_VARIABLE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_voidVariable_parseCompilationUnitMember_noInitializer() {
+    parse3("parseCompilationUnitMember", <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "void a;", [ParserErrorCode.VOID_VARIABLE]);
+  }
+
+  void test_voidVariable_statement_initializer() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement("void x = 0;", [
+      ParserErrorCode.VOID_VARIABLE,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_CONST_FINAL_VAR_OR_TYPE
+    ]);
+  }
+
+  void test_voidVariable_statement_noInitializer() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseStatement("void x;", [
+      ParserErrorCode.VOID_VARIABLE,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_CONST_FINAL_VAR_OR_TYPE
+    ]);
+  }
+
+  void test_withBeforeExtends() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "class A with B extends C {}", [ParserErrorCode.WITH_BEFORE_EXTENDS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_withWithoutExtends() {
+    parse3("parseClassDeclaration", <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata(), null],
+        "class A with B, C {}", [ParserErrorCode.WITH_WITHOUT_EXTENDS]);
+  }
+
+  void test_wrongSeparatorForNamedParameter() {
+    parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "(a, {b = 0})",
+        [ParserErrorCode.WRONG_SEPARATOR_FOR_NAMED_PARAMETER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_wrongSeparatorForPositionalParameter() {
+    parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "(a, [b : 0])",
+        [ParserErrorCode.WRONG_SEPARATOR_FOR_POSITIONAL_PARAMETER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_wrongTerminatorForParameterGroup_named() {
+    parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "(a, {b, c])",
+        [ParserErrorCode.WRONG_TERMINATOR_FOR_PARAMETER_GROUP]);
+  }
+
+  void test_wrongTerminatorForParameterGroup_optional() {
+    parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "(a, [b, c})",
+        [ParserErrorCode.WRONG_TERMINATOR_FOR_PARAMETER_GROUP]);
+  }
+}
+
+@reflectiveTest
+class IncrementalParserTest extends EngineTestCase {
+  void fail_replace_identifier_with_functionLiteral_in_initializer_interp() {
+    // TODO(paulberry, brianwilkerson): broken due to incremental scanning bugs
+
+    // Function literals are allowed inside interpolation expressions in
+    // initializers.
+    //
+    // 'class A { var a; A(b) : a = "${b}";'
+    // 'class A { var a; A(b) : a = "${() {}}";'
+    _assertParse(r'class A { var a; A(b) : a = "${', 'b', '() {}', '}";');
+  }
+
+  void test_delete_everything() {
+    // "f() => a + b;"
+    // ""
+    _assertParse("", "f() => a + b;", "", "");
+  }
+
+  void test_delete_identifier_beginning() {
+    // "f() => abs + b;"
+    // "f() => s + b;"
+    _assertParse("f() => ", "ab", "", "s + b;");
+  }
+
+  void test_delete_identifier_end() {
+    // "f() => abs + b;"
+    // "f() => a + b;"
+    _assertParse("f() => a", "bs", "", " + b;");
+  }
+
+  void test_delete_identifier_middle() {
+    // "f() => abs + b;"
+    // "f() => as + b;"
+    _assertParse("f() => a", "b", "", "s + b;");
+  }
+
+  void test_delete_mergeTokens() {
+    // "f() => a + b + c;"
+    // "f() => ac;"
+    _assertParse("f() => a", " + b + ", "", "c;");
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_afterIdentifier1() {
+    // "f() => a + b;"
+    // "f() => abs + b;"
+    _assertParse("f() => a", "", "bs", " + b;");
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_afterIdentifier2() {
+    // "f() => a + b;"
+    // "f() => a + bar;"
+    _assertParse("f() => a + b", "", "ar", ";");
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_beforeIdentifier1() {
+    // "f() => a + b;"
+    // "f() => xa + b;"
+    _assertParse("f() => ", "", "x", "a + b;");
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_beforeIdentifier2() {
+    // "f() => a + b;"
+    // "f() => a + xb;"
+    _assertParse("f() => a + ", "", "x", "b;");
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_convertOneFunctionToTwo() {
+    // "f() {}"
+    // "f() => 0; g() {}"
+    _assertParse("f()", "", " => 0; g()", " {}");
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_end() {
+    // "class A {}"
+    // "class A {} class B {}"
+    _assertParse("class A {}", "", " class B {}", "");
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_final_before_field_declaration() {
+    _assertParse('class C { ', '', 'final ', 'int x; }');
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_function_parameter() {
+    _assertParse('class C { void f(', '', 'arg', ') {} }');
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_identifier_inCombinator() {
+    _assertParse("import 'foo.dart' show x", "", ", y", ";");
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_insideClassBody() {
+    // "class C {C(); }"
+    // "class C { C(); }"
+    _assertParse("class C {", "", " ", "C(); }");
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_insideIdentifier() {
+    // "f() => cob;"
+    // "f() => cow.b;"
+    _assertParse("f() => co", "", "w.", "b;");
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_newIdentifier1() {
+    // "f() => a; c;"
+    // "f() => a; b c;"
+    _assertParse("f() => a;", "", " b", " c;");
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_newIdentifier2() {
+    // "f() => a;  c;"
+    // "f() => a;b  c;"
+    _assertParse("f() => a;", "", "b", "  c;");
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_newIdentifier3() {
+    // "/** A simple function. */ f() => a; c;"
+    // "/** A simple function. */ f() => a; b c;"
+    _assertParse("/** A simple function. */ f() => a;", "", " b", " c;");
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_newIdentifier4() {
+    // "/** An [A]. */ class A {} class B { m() { return 1; } }"
+    // "/** An [A]. */ class A {} class B { m() { return 1 + 2; } }"
+    _assertParse("/** An [A]. */ class A {} class B { m() { return 1", "",
+        " + 2", "; } }");
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_period() {
+    // "f() => a + b;"
+    // "f() => a + b.;"
+    _assertParse("f() => a + b", "", ".", ";");
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_period_betweenIdentifiers1() {
+    // "f() => a b;"
+    // "f() => a. b;"
+    _assertParse("f() => a", "", ".", " b;");
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_period_betweenIdentifiers2() {
+    // "f() => a b;"
+    // "f() => a .b;"
+    _assertParse("f() => a ", "", ".", "b;");
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_period_betweenIdentifiers3() {
+    // "f() => a  b;"
+    // "f() => a . b;"
+    _assertParse("f() => a ", "", ".", " b;");
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_period_insideExistingIdentifier() {
+    // "f() => ab;"
+    // "f() => a.b;"
+    _assertParse("f() => a", "", ".", "b;");
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_periodAndIdentifier() {
+    // "f() => a + b;"
+    // "f() => a + b.x;"
+    _assertParse("f() => a + b", "", ".x", ";");
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_simpleToComplexExression() {
+    // "/** An [A]. */ class A {} class B { m() => 1; }"
+    // "/** An [A]. */ class A {} class B { m() => 1 + 2; }"
+    _assertParse(
+        "/** An [A]. */ class A {} class B { m() => 1", "", " + 2", "; }");
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_statement_in_method_with_mismatched_braces() {
+    _assertParse(
+        '''
+class C {
+  void f() {
+''',
+        '',
+        'g();',
+        '''
+    if (b) {
+
+
+  }
+
+  void g() {
+    h((x) {});
+  }
+}
+''');
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_whitespace_end() {
+    // "f() => a + b;"
+    // "f() => a + b; "
+    _assertParse("f() => a + b;", "", " ", "");
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_whitespace_end_multiple() {
+    // "f() => a + b;"
+    // "f() => a + b;  "
+    _assertParse("f() => a + b;", "", "  ", "");
+  }
+
+  void test_insert_whitespace_middle() {
+    // "f() => a + b;"
+    // "f() => a  + b;"
+    _assertParse("f() => a", "", " ", " + b;");
+  }
+
+  void test_rename_class_withConstructor() {
+    // "class C { C() {} }"
+    // "class D { C() {} }"
+    _assertParse('class ', 'C', 'D', ' { C() {} }');
+  }
+
+  void test_replace_field_type_with_void() {
+    // Note: this produces an error, but we still need the parser to produce a
+    // consistent parse tree for it.
+    _assertParse('class C { ', 'int', 'void', ' x; }');
+  }
+
+  void test_replace_identifier_beginning() {
+    // "f() => bell + b;"
+    // "f() => fell + b;"
+    _assertParse("f() => ", "b", "f", "ell + b;");
+  }
+
+  void test_replace_identifier_end() {
+    // "f() => bell + b;"
+    // "f() => belt + b;"
+    _assertParse("f() => bel", "l", "t", " + b;");
+  }
+
+  void test_replace_identifier_middle() {
+    // "f() => first + b;"
+    // "f() => frost + b;"
+    _assertParse("f() => f", "ir", "ro", "st + b;");
+  }
+
+  void test_replace_identifier_with_functionLiteral_in_initializer() {
+    // Function literals aren't allowed inside initializers; incremental parsing
+    // needs to gather the appropriate context.
+    //
+    // "class A { var a; A(b) : a = b ? b : 0 { } }"
+    // "class A { var a; A(b) : a = b ? () {} : 0 { } }"
+    _assertParse(
+        "class A { var a; A(b) : a = b ? ", "b", "() {}", " : 0 { } }");
+  }
+
+  void test_replace_identifier_with_functionLiteral_in_initializer_index() {
+    // Function literals are allowed inside index expressions in initializers.
+    //
+    // "class A { var a; A(b) : a = b[b];"
+    // "class A { var a; A(b) : a = b[() {}];"
+    _assertParse('class A { var a; A(b) : a = b[', 'b', '() {}', '];');
+  }
+
+  void test_replace_identifier_with_functionLiteral_in_initializer_list() {
+    // Function literals are allowed inside list literals in initializers.
+    //
+    // "class A { var a; A(b) : a = [b];"
+    // "class A { var a; A(b) : a = [() {}];"
+    _assertParse('class A { var a; A(b) : a = [', 'b', '() {}', '];');
+  }
+
+  void test_replace_identifier_with_functionLiteral_in_initializer_map() {
+    // Function literals are allowed inside map literals in initializers.
+    //
+    // "class A { var a; A(b) : a = {0: b};"
+    // "class A { var a; A(b) : a = {0: () {}};"
+    _assertParse('class A { var a; A(b) : a = {0: ', 'b', '() {}', '};');
+  }
+
+  void test_replace_identifier_with_functionLiteral_in_initializer_parens() {
+    // Function literals are allowed inside parentheses in initializers.
+    //
+    // "class A { var a; A(b) : a = (b);"
+    // "class A { var a; A(b) : a = (() {});"
+    _assertParse('class A { var a; A(b) : a = (', 'b', '() {}', ');');
+  }
+
+  void test_replace_multiple_partialFirstAndLast() {
+    // "f() => aa + bb;"
+    // "f() => ab * ab;"
+    _assertParse("f() => a", "a + b", "b * a", "b;");
+  }
+
+  void test_replace_operator_oneForMany() {
+    // "f() => a + b;"
+    // "f() => a * c - b;"
+    _assertParse("f() => a ", "+", "* c -", " b;");
+  }
+
+  void test_replace_operator_oneForOne() {
+    // "f() => a + b;"
+    // "f() => a * b;"
+    _assertParse("f() => a ", "+", "*", " b;");
+  }
+
+  void test_split_combinator() {
+    // "import 'foo.dart' show A;"
+    // "import 'foo.dart' show B hide A;"
+    _assertParse("import 'foo.dart' show ", "", "B hide ", "A;");
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Given a description of the original and modified contents, perform an incremental scan of the
+   * two pieces of text.
+   *
+   * @param prefix the unchanged text before the edit region
+   * @param removed the text that was removed from the original contents
+   * @param added the text that was added to the modified contents
+   * @param suffix the unchanged text after the edit region
+   */
+  void _assertParse(
+      String prefix, String removed, String added, String suffix) {
+    //
+    // Compute the information needed to perform the test.
+    //
+    String originalContents = "$prefix$removed$suffix";
+    String modifiedContents = "$prefix$added$suffix";
+    int replaceStart = prefix.length;
+    Source source = new TestSource();
+    //
+    // Parse the original contents.
+    //
+    GatheringErrorListener originalListener = new GatheringErrorListener();
+    Scanner originalScanner = new Scanner(
+        source, new CharSequenceReader(originalContents), originalListener);
+    Token originalTokens = originalScanner.tokenize();
+    expect(originalTokens, isNotNull);
+    Parser originalParser = new Parser(source, originalListener);
+    CompilationUnit originalUnit =
+        originalParser.parseCompilationUnit(originalTokens);
+    expect(originalUnit, isNotNull);
+    //
+    // Parse the modified contents.
+    //
+    GatheringErrorListener modifiedListener = new GatheringErrorListener();
+    Scanner modifiedScanner = new Scanner(
+        source, new CharSequenceReader(modifiedContents), modifiedListener);
+    Token modifiedTokens = modifiedScanner.tokenize();
+    expect(modifiedTokens, isNotNull);
+    Parser modifiedParser = new Parser(source, modifiedListener);
+    CompilationUnit modifiedUnit =
+        modifiedParser.parseCompilationUnit(modifiedTokens);
+    expect(modifiedUnit, isNotNull);
+    //
+    // Incrementally parse the modified contents.
+    //
+    GatheringErrorListener incrementalListener = new GatheringErrorListener();
+    AnalysisOptionsImpl options = new AnalysisOptionsImpl();
+    IncrementalScanner incrementalScanner = new IncrementalScanner(source,
+        new CharSequenceReader(modifiedContents), incrementalListener, options);
+    Token incrementalTokens = incrementalScanner.rescan(
+        originalTokens, replaceStart, removed.length, added.length);
+    expect(incrementalTokens, isNotNull);
+    IncrementalParser incrementalParser = new IncrementalParser(
+        source, incrementalScanner.tokenMap, incrementalListener);
+    CompilationUnit incrementalUnit = incrementalParser.reparse(
+        originalUnit,
+        incrementalScanner.leftToken,
+        incrementalScanner.rightToken,
+        replaceStart,
+        prefix.length + removed.length);
+    expect(incrementalUnit, isNotNull);
+    //
+    // Validate that the results of the incremental parse are the same as the
+    // full parse of the modified source.
+    //
+    expect(AstComparator.equalNodes(modifiedUnit, incrementalUnit), isTrue);
+    // TODO(brianwilkerson) Verify that the errors are correct?
+  }
+}
+
+@reflectiveTest
+class NonErrorParserTest extends ParserTestCase {
+  void test_constFactory_external() {
+    parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "external const factory C();");
+  }
+
+  void test_staticMethod_notParsingFunctionBodies() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseFunctionBodies = false;
+    try {
+      parse4("parseCompilationUnit", "class C { static void m() {} }");
+    } finally {
+      ParserTestCase.parseFunctionBodies = true;
+    }
+  }
+}
+
+class ParserTestCase extends EngineTestCase {
+  /**
+   * An empty list of objects used as arguments to zero-argument methods.
+   */
+  static const List<Object> _EMPTY_ARGUMENTS = const <Object>[];
+
+  /**
+   * A flag indicating whether parser is to parse function bodies.
+   */
+  static bool parseFunctionBodies = true;
+
+  /**
+   * A flag indicating whether generic method support should be enabled for a
+   * specific test.
+   */
+  bool enableGenericMethods = false;
+
+  /**
+   * Return a CommentAndMetadata object with the given values that can be used for testing.
+   *
+   * @param comment the comment to be wrapped in the object
+   * @param annotations the annotations to be wrapped in the object
+   * @return a CommentAndMetadata object that can be used for testing
+   */
+  CommentAndMetadata commentAndMetadata(Comment comment,
+      [List<Annotation> annotations]) {
+    return new CommentAndMetadata(comment, annotations);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Return an empty CommentAndMetadata object that can be used for testing.
+   *
+   * @return an empty CommentAndMetadata object that can be used for testing
+   */
+  CommentAndMetadata emptyCommentAndMetadata() =>
+      new CommentAndMetadata(null, null);
+
+  /**
+   * Invoke a method in [Parser]. The method is assumed to have the given number and type of
+   * parameters and will be invoked with the given arguments.
+   *
+   * The given source is scanned and the parser is initialized to start with the first token in the
+   * source before the method is invoked.
+   *
+   * @param methodName the name of the method that should be invoked
+   * @param objects the values of the arguments to the method
+   * @param source the source to be processed by the parse method
+   * @param listener the error listener that will be used for both scanning and parsing
+   * @return the result of invoking the method
+   * @throws Exception if the method could not be invoked or throws an exception
+   * @throws AssertionFailedError if the result is `null` or the errors produced while
+   *           scanning and parsing the source do not match the expected errors
+   */
+  Object invokeParserMethod(String methodName, List<Object> objects,
+      String source, GatheringErrorListener listener) {
+    //
+    // Scan the source.
+    //
+    Scanner scanner =
+        new Scanner(null, new CharSequenceReader(source), listener);
+    Token tokenStream = scanner.tokenize();
+    listener.setLineInfo(new TestSource(), scanner.lineStarts);
+    //
+    // Parse the source.
+    //
+    Parser parser = createParser(listener);
+    parser.parseGenericMethods = enableGenericMethods;
+    parser.parseFunctionBodies = parseFunctionBodies;
+    Object result =
+        invokeParserMethodImpl(parser, methodName, objects, tokenStream);
+    //
+    // Partially test the results.
+    //
+    if (!listener.hasErrors) {
+      expect(result, isNotNull);
+    }
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Invoke a method in [Parser]. The method is assumed to have no arguments.
+   *
+   * The given source is scanned and the parser is initialized to start with the first token in the
+   * source before the method is invoked.
+   *
+   * @param methodName the name of the method that should be invoked
+   * @param source the source to be processed by the parse method
+   * @param listener the error listener that will be used for both scanning and parsing
+   * @return the result of invoking the method
+   * @throws Exception if the method could not be invoked or throws an exception
+   * @throws AssertionFailedError if the result is `null` or the errors produced while
+   *           scanning and parsing the source do not match the expected errors
+   */
+  Object invokeParserMethod2(
+          String methodName, String source, GatheringErrorListener listener) =>
+      invokeParserMethod(methodName, _EMPTY_ARGUMENTS, source, listener);
+
+  /**
+   * Invoke a parse method in [Parser]. The method is assumed to have the given number and
+   * type of parameters and will be invoked with the given arguments.
+   *
+   * The given source is scanned and the parser is initialized to start with the first token in the
+   * source before the parse method is invoked.
+   *
+   * @param methodName the name of the parse method that should be invoked to parse the source
+   * @param objects the values of the arguments to the method
+   * @param source the source to be parsed by the parse method
+   * @return the result of invoking the method
+   * @throws Exception if the method could not be invoked or throws an exception
+   * @throws AssertionFailedError if the result is `null` or if any errors are produced
+   */
+  Object parse(String methodName, List<Object> objects, String source) =>
+      parse2(methodName, objects, source);
+
+  /**
+   * Invoke a parse method in [Parser]. The method is assumed to have the given number and
+   * type of parameters and will be invoked with the given arguments.
+   *
+   * The given source is scanned and the parser is initialized to start with the first token in the
+   * source before the parse method is invoked.
+   *
+   * @param methodName the name of the parse method that should be invoked to parse the source
+   * @param objects the values of the arguments to the method
+   * @param source the source to be parsed by the parse method
+   * @param errors the errors that should be generated
+   * @return the result of invoking the method
+   * @throws Exception if the method could not be invoked or throws an exception
+   * @throws AssertionFailedError if the result is `null` or the errors produced while
+   *           scanning and parsing the source do not match the expected errors
+   */
+  Object parse2(String methodName, List<Object> objects, String source,
+      [List<AnalysisError> errors = AnalysisError.NO_ERRORS]) {
+    GatheringErrorListener listener = new GatheringErrorListener();
+    Object result = invokeParserMethod(methodName, objects, source, listener);
+    listener.assertErrors(errors);
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Invoke a parse method in [Parser]. The method is assumed to have the given number and
+   * type of parameters and will be invoked with the given arguments.
+   *
+   * The given source is scanned and the parser is initialized to start with the first token in the
+   * source before the parse method is invoked.
+   *
+   * @param methodName the name of the parse method that should be invoked to parse the source
+   * @param objects the values of the arguments to the method
+   * @param source the source to be parsed by the parse method
+   * @param errorCodes the error codes of the errors that should be generated
+   * @return the result of invoking the method
+   * @throws Exception if the method could not be invoked or throws an exception
+   * @throws AssertionFailedError if the result is `null` or the errors produced while
+   *           scanning and parsing the source do not match the expected errors
+   */
+  Object parse3(String methodName, List<Object> objects, String source,
+      [List<ErrorCode> errorCodes = ErrorCode.EMPTY_LIST]) {
+    GatheringErrorListener listener = new GatheringErrorListener();
+    Object result = invokeParserMethod(methodName, objects, source, listener);
+    listener.assertErrorsWithCodes(errorCodes);
+    return result;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Invoke a parse method in [Parser]. The method is assumed to have no arguments.
+   *
+   * The given source is scanned and the parser is initialized to start with the first token in the
+   * source before the parse method is invoked.
+   *
+   * @param methodName the name of the parse method that should be invoked to parse the source
+   * @param source the source to be parsed by the parse method
+   * @param errorCodes the error codes of the errors that should be generated
+   * @return the result of invoking the method
+   * @throws Exception if the method could not be invoked or throws an exception
+   * @throws AssertionFailedError if the result is `null` or the errors produced while
+   *           scanning and parsing the source do not match the expected errors
+   */
+  Object parse4(String methodName, String source,
+          [List<ErrorCode> errorCodes = ErrorCode.EMPTY_LIST]) =>
+      parse3(methodName, _EMPTY_ARGUMENTS, source, errorCodes);
+
+  /**
+   * Parse the given source as an expression.
+   *
+   * @param source the source to be parsed
+   * @param errorCodes the error codes of the errors that are expected to be found
+   * @return the expression that was parsed
+   * @throws Exception if the source could not be parsed, if the compilation errors in the source do
+   *           not match those that are expected, or if the result would have been `null`
+   */
+  Expression parseExpression(String source,
+      [List<ErrorCode> errorCodes = ErrorCode.EMPTY_LIST]) {
+    GatheringErrorListener listener = new GatheringErrorListener();
+    Scanner scanner =
+        new Scanner(null, new CharSequenceReader(source), listener);
+    listener.setLineInfo(new TestSource(), scanner.lineStarts);
+    Token token = scanner.tokenize();
+    Parser parser = createParser(listener);
+    parser.parseGenericMethods = enableGenericMethods;
+    Expression expression = parser.parseExpression(token);
+    expect(expression, isNotNull);
+    listener.assertErrorsWithCodes(errorCodes);
+    return expression;
+  }
+
+  @override
+  void setUp() {
+    super.setUp();
+    parseFunctionBodies = true;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Create a parser.
+   *
+   * @param listener the listener to be passed to the parser
+   * @return the parser that was created
+   */
+  static Parser createParser(GatheringErrorListener listener) {
+    return new Parser(null, listener);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Parse the given source as a compilation unit.
+   *
+   * @param source the source to be parsed
+   * @param errorCodes the error codes of the errors that are expected to be found
+   * @return the compilation unit that was parsed
+   * @throws Exception if the source could not be parsed, if the compilation errors in the source do
+   *           not match those that are expected, or if the result would have been `null`
+   */
+  static CompilationUnit parseCompilationUnit(String source,
+      [List<ErrorCode> errorCodes = ErrorCode.EMPTY_LIST]) {
+    GatheringErrorListener listener = new GatheringErrorListener();
+    Scanner scanner =
+        new Scanner(null, new CharSequenceReader(source), listener);
+    listener.setLineInfo(new TestSource(), scanner.lineStarts);
+    Token token = scanner.tokenize();
+    Parser parser = createParser(listener);
+    CompilationUnit unit = parser.parseCompilationUnit(token);
+    expect(unit, isNotNull);
+    listener.assertErrorsWithCodes(errorCodes);
+    return unit;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Parse the given source as a statement.
+   *
+   * @param source the source to be parsed
+   * @param errorCodes the error codes of the errors that are expected to be found
+   * @return the statement that was parsed
+   * @throws Exception if the source could not be parsed, if the compilation errors in the source do
+   *           not match those that are expected, or if the result would have been `null`
+   */
+  static Statement parseStatement(String source,
+      [List<ErrorCode> errorCodes = ErrorCode.EMPTY_LIST]) {
+    GatheringErrorListener listener = new GatheringErrorListener();
+    Scanner scanner =
+        new Scanner(null, new CharSequenceReader(source), listener);
+    listener.setLineInfo(new TestSource(), scanner.lineStarts);
+    Token token = scanner.tokenize();
+    Parser parser = createParser(listener);
+    Statement statement = parser.parseStatement(token);
+    expect(statement, isNotNull);
+    listener.assertErrorsWithCodes(errorCodes);
+    return statement;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Parse the given source as a sequence of statements.
+   *
+   * @param source the source to be parsed
+   * @param expectedCount the number of statements that are expected
+   * @param errorCodes the error codes of the errors that are expected to be found
+   * @return the statements that were parsed
+   * @throws Exception if the source could not be parsed, if the number of statements does not match
+   *           the expected count, if the compilation errors in the source do not match those that
+   *           are expected, or if the result would have been `null`
+   */
+  static List<Statement> parseStatements(String source, int expectedCount,
+      [List<ErrorCode> errorCodes = ErrorCode.EMPTY_LIST]) {
+    GatheringErrorListener listener = new GatheringErrorListener();
+    Scanner scanner =
+        new Scanner(null, new CharSequenceReader(source), listener);
+    listener.setLineInfo(new TestSource(), scanner.lineStarts);
+    Token token = scanner.tokenize();
+    Parser parser = createParser(listener);
+    List<Statement> statements = parser.parseStatements(token);
+    expect(statements, hasLength(expectedCount));
+    listener.assertErrorsWithCodes(errorCodes);
+    return statements;
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * The class `RecoveryParserTest` defines parser tests that test the parsing of invalid code
+ * sequences to ensure that the correct recovery steps are taken in the parser.
+ */
+@reflectiveTest
+class RecoveryParserTest extends ParserTestCase {
+  void fail_incomplete_returnType() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(r'''
+Map<Symbol, convertStringToSymbolMap(Map<String, dynamic> map) {
+  if (map == null) return null;
+  Map<Symbol, dynamic> result = new Map<Symbol, dynamic>();
+  map.forEach((name, value) {
+    result[new Symbol(name)] = value;
+  });
+  return result;
+}''');
+  }
+
+  void test_additiveExpression_missing_LHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("+ y", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.leftOperand);
+    expect(expression.leftOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_additiveExpression_missing_LHS_RHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("+", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.leftOperand);
+    expect(expression.leftOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.rightOperand);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_additiveExpression_missing_RHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("x +", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.rightOperand);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_additiveExpression_missing_RHS_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("super +", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.rightOperand);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_additiveExpression_precedence_multiplicative_left() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("* +", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_additiveExpression_precedence_multiplicative_right() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("+ *", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.rightOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_additiveExpression_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("super + +", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_assignmentExpression_missing_compound1() {
+    AssignmentExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("= y = 0", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    Expression syntheticExpression = expression.leftHandSide;
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, syntheticExpression);
+    expect(syntheticExpression.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_assignmentExpression_missing_compound2() {
+    AssignmentExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("x = = 0", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    Expression syntheticExpression =
+        (expression.rightHandSide as AssignmentExpression).leftHandSide;
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, syntheticExpression);
+    expect(syntheticExpression.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_assignmentExpression_missing_compound3() {
+    AssignmentExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("x = y =", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    Expression syntheticExpression =
+        (expression.rightHandSide as AssignmentExpression).rightHandSide;
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, syntheticExpression);
+    expect(syntheticExpression.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_assignmentExpression_missing_LHS() {
+    AssignmentExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("= 0", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.leftHandSide);
+    expect(expression.leftHandSide.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_assignmentExpression_missing_RHS() {
+    AssignmentExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("x =", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.leftHandSide);
+    expect(expression.rightHandSide.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseAndExpression_missing_LHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("& y", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.leftOperand);
+    expect(expression.leftOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseAndExpression_missing_LHS_RHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("&", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.leftOperand);
+    expect(expression.leftOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.rightOperand);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseAndExpression_missing_RHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("x &", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.rightOperand);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseAndExpression_missing_RHS_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("super &", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.rightOperand);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseAndExpression_precedence_equality_left() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("== &&", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseAndExpression_precedence_equality_right() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("&& ==", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.rightOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseAndExpression_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("super &  &", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseOrExpression_missing_LHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("| y", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.leftOperand);
+    expect(expression.leftOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseOrExpression_missing_LHS_RHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("|", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.leftOperand);
+    expect(expression.leftOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.rightOperand);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseOrExpression_missing_RHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("x |", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.rightOperand);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseOrExpression_missing_RHS_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("super |", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.rightOperand);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseOrExpression_precedence_xor_left() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("^ |", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseOrExpression_precedence_xor_right() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("| ^", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.rightOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseOrExpression_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("super |  |", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseXorExpression_missing_LHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("^ y", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.leftOperand);
+    expect(expression.leftOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseXorExpression_missing_LHS_RHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("^", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.leftOperand);
+    expect(expression.leftOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.rightOperand);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseXorExpression_missing_RHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("x ^", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.rightOperand);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseXorExpression_missing_RHS_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("super ^", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.rightOperand);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseXorExpression_precedence_and_left() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("& ^", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseXorExpression_precedence_and_right() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("^ &", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.rightOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_bitwiseXorExpression_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("super ^  ^", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_classTypeAlias_withBody() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        r'''
+class A {}
+class B = Object with A {}''',
+        [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+  }
+
+  void test_conditionalExpression_missingElse() {
+    ConditionalExpression expression = parse4("parseConditionalExpression",
+        "x ? y :", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.elseExpression);
+    expect(expression.elseExpression.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_conditionalExpression_missingThen() {
+    ConditionalExpression expression = parse4("parseConditionalExpression",
+        "x ? : z", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.thenExpression);
+    expect(expression.thenExpression.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_equalityExpression_missing_LHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("== y", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.leftOperand);
+    expect(expression.leftOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_equalityExpression_missing_LHS_RHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("==", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.leftOperand);
+    expect(expression.leftOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.rightOperand);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_equalityExpression_missing_RHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("x ==", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.rightOperand);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_equalityExpression_missing_RHS_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("super ==", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.rightOperand);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_equalityExpression_precedence_relational_left() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("is ==", [
+      ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TYPE_NAME,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is IsExpression, IsExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_equalityExpression_precedence_relational_right() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("== is", [
+      ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TYPE_NAME,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is IsExpression, IsExpression, expression.rightOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_equalityExpression_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("super ==  ==", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.EQUALITY_CANNOT_BE_EQUALITY_OPERAND
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_expressionList_multiple_end() {
+    List<Expression> result = parse4("parseExpressionList", ", 2, 3, 4",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    expect(result, hasLength(4));
+    Expression syntheticExpression = result[0];
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, syntheticExpression);
+    expect(syntheticExpression.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_expressionList_multiple_middle() {
+    List<Expression> result = parse4("parseExpressionList", "1, 2, , 4",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    expect(result, hasLength(4));
+    Expression syntheticExpression = result[2];
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, syntheticExpression);
+    expect(syntheticExpression.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_expressionList_multiple_start() {
+    List<Expression> result = parse4("parseExpressionList", "1, 2, 3,",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    expect(result, hasLength(4));
+    Expression syntheticExpression = result[3];
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, syntheticExpression);
+    expect(syntheticExpression.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_functionExpression_in_ConstructorFieldInitializer() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "class A { A() : a = (){}; var v; }",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER, ParserErrorCode.UNEXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+    // Make sure we recovered and parsed "var v" correctly
+    ClassDeclaration declaration = unit.declarations[0] as ClassDeclaration;
+    NodeList<ClassMember> members = declaration.members;
+    ClassMember fieldDecl = members[1];
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is FieldDeclaration, FieldDeclaration, fieldDecl);
+    NodeList<VariableDeclaration> vars =
+        (fieldDecl as FieldDeclaration).fields.variables;
+    expect(vars, hasLength(1));
+    expect(vars[0].name.name, "v");
+  }
+
+  void test_functionExpression_named() {
+    parseExpression("m(f() => 0);", [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+  }
+
+  void test_declarationBeforeDirective() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "class foo { } import 'bar.dart';",
+        [ParserErrorCode.DIRECTIVE_AFTER_DECLARATION]);
+    expect(unit.directives, hasLength(1));
+    expect(unit.declarations, hasLength(1));
+    ClassDeclaration classDecl = unit.childEntities.first;
+    expect(classDecl, isNotNull);
+    expect(classDecl.name.name, 'foo');
+  }
+
+  void test_importDirectivePartial_as() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "import 'b.dart' d as b;", [ParserErrorCode.UNEXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+    ImportDirective importDirective = unit.childEntities.first;
+    expect(importDirective.asKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(unit.directives, hasLength(1));
+    expect(unit.declarations, hasLength(0));
+  }
+
+  void test_importDirectivePartial_hide() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "import 'b.dart' d hide foo;", [ParserErrorCode.UNEXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+    ImportDirective importDirective = unit.childEntities.first;
+    expect(importDirective.combinators, hasLength(1));
+    expect(unit.directives, hasLength(1));
+    expect(unit.declarations, hasLength(0));
+  }
+
+  void test_importDirectivePartial_show() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "import 'b.dart' d show foo;", [ParserErrorCode.UNEXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+    ImportDirective importDirective = unit.childEntities.first;
+    expect(importDirective.combinators, hasLength(1));
+    expect(unit.directives, hasLength(1));
+    expect(unit.declarations, hasLength(0));
+  }
+
+  void test_incomplete_conditionalExpression() {
+    parseExpression("x ? 0",
+        [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN, ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_incomplete_constructorInitializers_empty() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", ["C"], "C() : {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_INITIALIZER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_incomplete_constructorInitializers_missingEquals() {
+    ClassMember member = parse3("parseClassMember", ["C"], "C() : x(3) {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_ASSIGNMENT_IN_INITIALIZER]);
+    expect(member, new isInstanceOf<ConstructorDeclaration>());
+    NodeList<ConstructorInitializer> initializers =
+        (member as ConstructorDeclaration).initializers;
+    expect(initializers, hasLength(1));
+    ConstructorInitializer initializer = initializers[0];
+    expect(initializer, new isInstanceOf<ConstructorFieldInitializer>());
+    Expression expression =
+        (initializer as ConstructorFieldInitializer).expression;
+    expect(expression, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression, new isInstanceOf<ParenthesizedExpression>());
+  }
+
+  void test_incomplete_constructorInitializers_variable() {
+    parse3("parseClassMember", ["C"], "C() : x {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_ASSIGNMENT_IN_INITIALIZER]);
+  }
+
+  void test_incomplete_topLevelFunction() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "foo();", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_FUNCTION_BODY]);
+  }
+
+  void test_incomplete_topLevelVariable() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "String", [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_EXECUTABLE]);
+    NodeList<CompilationUnitMember> declarations = unit.declarations;
+    expect(declarations, hasLength(1));
+    CompilationUnitMember member = declarations[0];
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is TopLevelVariableDeclaration,
+        TopLevelVariableDeclaration, member);
+    NodeList<VariableDeclaration> variables =
+        (member as TopLevelVariableDeclaration).variables.variables;
+    expect(variables, hasLength(1));
+    SimpleIdentifier name = variables[0].name;
+    expect(name.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_incomplete_topLevelVariable_const() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("const ",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER, ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+    NodeList<CompilationUnitMember> declarations = unit.declarations;
+    expect(declarations, hasLength(1));
+    CompilationUnitMember member = declarations[0];
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is TopLevelVariableDeclaration,
+        TopLevelVariableDeclaration, member);
+    NodeList<VariableDeclaration> variables =
+        (member as TopLevelVariableDeclaration).variables.variables;
+    expect(variables, hasLength(1));
+    SimpleIdentifier name = variables[0].name;
+    expect(name.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_incomplete_topLevelVariable_final() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("final ",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER, ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+    NodeList<CompilationUnitMember> declarations = unit.declarations;
+    expect(declarations, hasLength(1));
+    CompilationUnitMember member = declarations[0];
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is TopLevelVariableDeclaration,
+        TopLevelVariableDeclaration, member);
+    NodeList<VariableDeclaration> variables =
+        (member as TopLevelVariableDeclaration).variables.variables;
+    expect(variables, hasLength(1));
+    SimpleIdentifier name = variables[0].name;
+    expect(name.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_incomplete_topLevelVariable_var() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("var ",
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER, ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+    NodeList<CompilationUnitMember> declarations = unit.declarations;
+    expect(declarations, hasLength(1));
+    CompilationUnitMember member = declarations[0];
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is TopLevelVariableDeclaration,
+        TopLevelVariableDeclaration, member);
+    NodeList<VariableDeclaration> variables =
+        (member as TopLevelVariableDeclaration).variables.variables;
+    expect(variables, hasLength(1));
+    SimpleIdentifier name = variables[0].name;
+    expect(name.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_incompleteField_const() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        r'''
+class C {
+  const
+}''',
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER, ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+    NodeList<CompilationUnitMember> declarations = unit.declarations;
+    expect(declarations, hasLength(1));
+    CompilationUnitMember unitMember = declarations[0];
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is ClassDeclaration, ClassDeclaration, unitMember);
+    NodeList<ClassMember> members = (unitMember as ClassDeclaration).members;
+    expect(members, hasLength(1));
+    ClassMember classMember = members[0];
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is FieldDeclaration, FieldDeclaration, classMember);
+    VariableDeclarationList fieldList =
+        (classMember as FieldDeclaration).fields;
+    expect((fieldList.keyword as KeywordToken).keyword, Keyword.CONST);
+    NodeList<VariableDeclaration> fields = fieldList.variables;
+    expect(fields, hasLength(1));
+    VariableDeclaration field = fields[0];
+    expect(field.name.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_incompleteField_final() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        r'''
+class C {
+  final
+}''',
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER, ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+    NodeList<CompilationUnitMember> declarations = unit.declarations;
+    expect(declarations, hasLength(1));
+    CompilationUnitMember unitMember = declarations[0];
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is ClassDeclaration, ClassDeclaration, unitMember);
+    NodeList<ClassMember> members = (unitMember as ClassDeclaration).members;
+    expect(members, hasLength(1));
+    ClassMember classMember = members[0];
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is FieldDeclaration, FieldDeclaration, classMember);
+    VariableDeclarationList fieldList =
+        (classMember as FieldDeclaration).fields;
+    expect((fieldList.keyword as KeywordToken).keyword, Keyword.FINAL);
+    NodeList<VariableDeclaration> fields = fieldList.variables;
+    expect(fields, hasLength(1));
+    VariableDeclaration field = fields[0];
+    expect(field.name.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_incompleteField_var() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        r'''
+class C {
+  var
+}''',
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER, ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+    NodeList<CompilationUnitMember> declarations = unit.declarations;
+    expect(declarations, hasLength(1));
+    CompilationUnitMember unitMember = declarations[0];
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is ClassDeclaration, ClassDeclaration, unitMember);
+    NodeList<ClassMember> members = (unitMember as ClassDeclaration).members;
+    expect(members, hasLength(1));
+    ClassMember classMember = members[0];
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is FieldDeclaration, FieldDeclaration, classMember);
+    VariableDeclarationList fieldList =
+        (classMember as FieldDeclaration).fields;
+    expect((fieldList.keyword as KeywordToken).keyword, Keyword.VAR);
+    NodeList<VariableDeclaration> fields = fieldList.variables;
+    expect(fields, hasLength(1));
+    VariableDeclaration field = fields[0];
+    expect(field.name.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_invalidFunctionBodyModifier() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "f() sync {}", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_STAR_AFTER_SYNC]);
+  }
+
+  void test_isExpression_noType() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "class Bar<T extends Foo> {m(x){if (x is ) return;if (x is !)}}", [
+      ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TYPE_NAME,
+      ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TYPE_NAME,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_STATEMENT
+    ]);
+    ClassDeclaration declaration = unit.declarations[0] as ClassDeclaration;
+    MethodDeclaration method = declaration.members[0] as MethodDeclaration;
+    BlockFunctionBody body = method.body as BlockFunctionBody;
+    IfStatement ifStatement = body.block.statements[1] as IfStatement;
+    IsExpression expression = ifStatement.condition as IsExpression;
+    expect(expression.expression, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.isOperator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.notOperator, isNotNull);
+    TypeName type = expression.type;
+    expect(type, isNotNull);
+    expect(type.name.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is EmptyStatement,
+        EmptyStatement, ifStatement.thenStatement);
+  }
+
+  void test_keywordInPlaceOfIdentifier() {
+    // TODO(brianwilkerson) We could do better with this.
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("do() {}", [
+      ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_EXECUTABLE,
+      ParserErrorCode.UNEXPECTED_TOKEN
+    ]);
+  }
+
+  void test_logicalAndExpression_missing_LHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("&& y", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.leftOperand);
+    expect(expression.leftOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_logicalAndExpression_missing_LHS_RHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("&&", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.leftOperand);
+    expect(expression.leftOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.rightOperand);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_logicalAndExpression_missing_RHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("x &&", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.rightOperand);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_logicalAndExpression_precedence_bitwiseOr_left() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("| &&", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_logicalAndExpression_precedence_bitwiseOr_right() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("&& |", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.rightOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_logicalOrExpression_missing_LHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("|| y", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.leftOperand);
+    expect(expression.leftOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_logicalOrExpression_missing_LHS_RHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("||", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.leftOperand);
+    expect(expression.leftOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.rightOperand);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_logicalOrExpression_missing_RHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("x ||", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.rightOperand);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_logicalOrExpression_precedence_logicalAnd_left() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("&& ||", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_logicalOrExpression_precedence_logicalAnd_right() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("|| &&", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.rightOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_missing_commaInArgumentList() {
+    parseExpression("f(x: 1 y: 2)", [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+  }
+
+  void test_missingGet() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        r'''
+class C {
+  int length {}
+  void foo() {}
+}''',
+        [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_GET]);
+    expect(unit, isNotNull);
+    ClassDeclaration classDeclaration =
+        unit.declarations[0] as ClassDeclaration;
+    NodeList<ClassMember> members = classDeclaration.members;
+    expect(members, hasLength(2));
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is MethodDeclaration, MethodDeclaration, members[0]);
+    ClassMember member = members[1];
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is MethodDeclaration, MethodDeclaration, member);
+    expect((member as MethodDeclaration).name.name, "foo");
+  }
+
+  void test_missingIdentifier_afterAnnotation() {
+    MethodDeclaration method = parse3("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"],
+        "@override }", [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_CLASS_MEMBER]);
+    expect(method.documentationComment, isNull);
+    NodeList<Annotation> metadata = method.metadata;
+    expect(metadata, hasLength(1));
+    expect(metadata[0].name.name, "override");
+  }
+
+  void test_multiplicativeExpression_missing_LHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("* y", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.leftOperand);
+    expect(expression.leftOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_multiplicativeExpression_missing_LHS_RHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("*", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.leftOperand);
+    expect(expression.leftOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.rightOperand);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_multiplicativeExpression_missing_RHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("x *", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.rightOperand);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_multiplicativeExpression_missing_RHS_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("super *", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.rightOperand);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_multiplicativeExpression_precedence_unary_left() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("-x *", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is PrefixExpression,
+        PrefixExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_multiplicativeExpression_precedence_unary_right() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("* -y", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is PrefixExpression,
+        PrefixExpression, expression.rightOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_multiplicativeExpression_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("super ==  ==", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.EQUALITY_CANNOT_BE_EQUALITY_OPERAND
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_nonStringLiteralUri_import() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("import dart:io; class C {}",
+        [ParserErrorCode.NON_STRING_LITERAL_AS_URI]);
+  }
+
+  void test_prefixExpression_missing_operand_minus() {
+    PrefixExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("-", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier, SimpleIdentifier, expression.operand);
+    expect(expression.operand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.MINUS);
+  }
+
+  void test_primaryExpression_argumentDefinitionTest() {
+    Expression expression = parse4(
+        "parsePrimaryExpression", "?a", [ParserErrorCode.UNEXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier, SimpleIdentifier, expression);
+  }
+
+  void test_relationalExpression_missing_LHS() {
+    IsExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("is y", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.expression);
+    expect(expression.expression.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_relationalExpression_missing_LHS_RHS() {
+    IsExpression expression = parseExpression("is", [
+      ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TYPE_NAME,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.expression);
+    expect(expression.expression.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is TypeName, TypeName, expression.type);
+    expect(expression.type.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_relationalExpression_missing_RHS() {
+    IsExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("x is", [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TYPE_NAME]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is TypeName, TypeName, expression.type);
+    expect(expression.type.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_relationalExpression_precedence_shift_right() {
+    IsExpression expression = parseExpression("<< is", [
+      ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TYPE_NAME,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.expression);
+  }
+
+  void test_shiftExpression_missing_LHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("<< y", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.leftOperand);
+    expect(expression.leftOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_shiftExpression_missing_LHS_RHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("<<", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.leftOperand);
+    expect(expression.leftOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.rightOperand);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_shiftExpression_missing_RHS() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("x <<", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.rightOperand);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_shiftExpression_missing_RHS_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parseExpression("super <<", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier, expression.rightOperand);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_shiftExpression_precedence_unary_left() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("+ <<", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_shiftExpression_precedence_unary_right() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("<< +", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.rightOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_shiftExpression_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parseExpression("super << <<", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is BinaryExpression,
+        BinaryExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+  }
+
+  void test_typedef_eof() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("typedef n", [
+      ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_TYPEDEF_PARAMETERS
+    ]);
+    NodeList<CompilationUnitMember> declarations = unit.declarations;
+    expect(declarations, hasLength(1));
+    CompilationUnitMember member = declarations[0];
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is FunctionTypeAlias, FunctionTypeAlias, member);
+  }
+
+  void test_unaryPlus() {
+    parseExpression("+2", [ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER]);
+  }
+}
+
+@reflectiveTest
+class ResolutionCopierTest extends EngineTestCase {
+  void test_visitAnnotation() {
+    String annotationName = "proxy";
+    Annotation fromNode =
+        AstFactory.annotation(AstFactory.identifier3(annotationName));
+    Element element = ElementFactory.topLevelVariableElement2(annotationName);
+    fromNode.element = element;
+    Annotation toNode =
+        AstFactory.annotation(AstFactory.identifier3(annotationName));
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.element, same(element));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitAsExpression() {
+    AsExpression fromNode = AstFactory.asExpression(
+        AstFactory.identifier3("x"), AstFactory.typeName4("A"));
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("A").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("B").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    AsExpression toNode = AstFactory.asExpression(
+        AstFactory.identifier3("x"), AstFactory.typeName4("A"));
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitAssignmentExpression() {
+    AssignmentExpression fromNode = AstFactory.assignmentExpression(
+        AstFactory.identifier3("a"),
+        TokenType.PLUS_EQ,
+        AstFactory.identifier3("b"));
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    MethodElement propagatedElement =
+        ElementFactory.methodElement("+", propagatedType);
+    fromNode.propagatedElement = propagatedElement;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    MethodElement staticElement = ElementFactory.methodElement("+", staticType);
+    fromNode.staticElement = staticElement;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    AssignmentExpression toNode = AstFactory.assignmentExpression(
+        AstFactory.identifier3("a"),
+        TokenType.PLUS_EQ,
+        AstFactory.identifier3("b"));
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedElement, same(propagatedElement));
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticElement, same(staticElement));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitBinaryExpression() {
+    BinaryExpression fromNode = AstFactory.binaryExpression(
+        AstFactory.identifier3("a"),
+        TokenType.PLUS,
+        AstFactory.identifier3("b"));
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    MethodElement propagatedElement =
+        ElementFactory.methodElement("+", propagatedType);
+    fromNode.propagatedElement = propagatedElement;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    MethodElement staticElement = ElementFactory.methodElement("+", staticType);
+    fromNode.staticElement = staticElement;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    BinaryExpression toNode = AstFactory.binaryExpression(
+        AstFactory.identifier3("a"),
+        TokenType.PLUS,
+        AstFactory.identifier3("b"));
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedElement, same(propagatedElement));
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticElement, same(staticElement));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitBooleanLiteral() {
+    BooleanLiteral fromNode = AstFactory.booleanLiteral(true);
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    BooleanLiteral toNode = AstFactory.booleanLiteral(true);
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitCascadeExpression() {
+    CascadeExpression fromNode = AstFactory.cascadeExpression(
+        AstFactory.identifier3("a"), [AstFactory.identifier3("b")]);
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    CascadeExpression toNode = AstFactory.cascadeExpression(
+        AstFactory.identifier3("a"), [AstFactory.identifier3("b")]);
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitCompilationUnit() {
+    CompilationUnit fromNode = AstFactory.compilationUnit();
+    CompilationUnitElement element =
+        new CompilationUnitElementImpl("test.dart");
+    fromNode.element = element;
+    CompilationUnit toNode = AstFactory.compilationUnit();
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.element, same(element));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitConditionalExpression() {
+    ConditionalExpression fromNode = AstFactory.conditionalExpression(
+        AstFactory.identifier3("c"),
+        AstFactory.identifier3("a"),
+        AstFactory.identifier3("b"));
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    ConditionalExpression toNode = AstFactory.conditionalExpression(
+        AstFactory.identifier3("c"),
+        AstFactory.identifier3("a"),
+        AstFactory.identifier3("b"));
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitConstructorDeclaration() {
+    String className = "A";
+    String constructorName = "c";
+    ConstructorDeclaration fromNode = AstFactory.constructorDeclaration(
+        AstFactory.identifier3(className),
+        constructorName,
+        AstFactory.formalParameterList(),
+        null);
+    ConstructorElement element = ElementFactory.constructorElement2(
+        ElementFactory.classElement2(className), constructorName);
+    fromNode.element = element;
+    ConstructorDeclaration toNode = AstFactory.constructorDeclaration(
+        AstFactory.identifier3(className),
+        constructorName,
+        AstFactory.formalParameterList(),
+        null);
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.element, same(element));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitConstructorName() {
+    ConstructorName fromNode =
+        AstFactory.constructorName(AstFactory.typeName4("A"), "c");
+    ConstructorElement staticElement = ElementFactory.constructorElement2(
+        ElementFactory.classElement2("A"), "c");
+    fromNode.staticElement = staticElement;
+    ConstructorName toNode =
+        AstFactory.constructorName(AstFactory.typeName4("A"), "c");
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.staticElement, same(staticElement));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitDoubleLiteral() {
+    DoubleLiteral fromNode = AstFactory.doubleLiteral(1.0);
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    DoubleLiteral toNode = AstFactory.doubleLiteral(1.0);
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitExportDirective() {
+    ExportDirective fromNode = AstFactory.exportDirective2("dart:uri");
+    ExportElement element = new ExportElementImpl(-1);
+    fromNode.element = element;
+    ExportDirective toNode = AstFactory.exportDirective2("dart:uri");
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.element, same(element));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitFunctionExpression() {
+    FunctionExpression fromNode = AstFactory.functionExpression2(
+        AstFactory.formalParameterList(), AstFactory.emptyFunctionBody());
+    MethodElement element = ElementFactory.methodElement(
+        "m", ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type);
+    fromNode.element = element;
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    FunctionExpression toNode = AstFactory.functionExpression2(
+        AstFactory.formalParameterList(), AstFactory.emptyFunctionBody());
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.element, same(element));
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitFunctionExpressionInvocation() {
+    FunctionExpressionInvocation fromNode =
+        AstFactory.functionExpressionInvocation(AstFactory.identifier3("f"));
+    MethodElement propagatedElement = ElementFactory.methodElement(
+        "m", ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type);
+    fromNode.propagatedElement = propagatedElement;
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    MethodElement staticElement = ElementFactory.methodElement(
+        "m", ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type);
+    fromNode.staticElement = staticElement;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    FunctionExpressionInvocation toNode =
+        AstFactory.functionExpressionInvocation(AstFactory.identifier3("f"));
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedElement, same(propagatedElement));
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticElement, same(staticElement));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitImportDirective() {
+    ImportDirective fromNode = AstFactory.importDirective3("dart:uri", null);
+    ImportElement element = new ImportElementImpl(0);
+    fromNode.element = element;
+    ImportDirective toNode = AstFactory.importDirective3("dart:uri", null);
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.element, same(element));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitIndexExpression() {
+    IndexExpression fromNode = AstFactory.indexExpression(
+        AstFactory.identifier3("a"), AstFactory.integer(0));
+    MethodElement propagatedElement = ElementFactory.methodElement(
+        "m", ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type);
+    MethodElement staticElement = ElementFactory.methodElement(
+        "m", ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type);
+    AuxiliaryElements auxiliaryElements =
+        new AuxiliaryElements(staticElement, propagatedElement);
+    fromNode.auxiliaryElements = auxiliaryElements;
+    fromNode.propagatedElement = propagatedElement;
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    fromNode.staticElement = staticElement;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    IndexExpression toNode = AstFactory.indexExpression(
+        AstFactory.identifier3("a"), AstFactory.integer(0));
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.auxiliaryElements, same(auxiliaryElements));
+    expect(toNode.propagatedElement, same(propagatedElement));
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticElement, same(staticElement));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitInstanceCreationExpression() {
+    InstanceCreationExpression fromNode = AstFactory
+        .instanceCreationExpression2(Keyword.NEW, AstFactory.typeName4("C"));
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    ConstructorElement staticElement = ElementFactory.constructorElement2(
+        ElementFactory.classElement2("C"), null);
+    fromNode.staticElement = staticElement;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    InstanceCreationExpression toNode = AstFactory.instanceCreationExpression2(
+        Keyword.NEW, AstFactory.typeName4("C"));
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticElement, same(staticElement));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitIntegerLiteral() {
+    IntegerLiteral fromNode = AstFactory.integer(2);
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    IntegerLiteral toNode = AstFactory.integer(2);
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitIsExpression() {
+    IsExpression fromNode = AstFactory.isExpression(
+        AstFactory.identifier3("x"), false, AstFactory.typeName4("A"));
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    IsExpression toNode = AstFactory.isExpression(
+        AstFactory.identifier3("x"), false, AstFactory.typeName4("A"));
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitLibraryIdentifier() {
+    LibraryIdentifier fromNode =
+        AstFactory.libraryIdentifier([AstFactory.identifier3("lib")]);
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    LibraryIdentifier toNode =
+        AstFactory.libraryIdentifier([AstFactory.identifier3("lib")]);
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitListLiteral() {
+    ListLiteral fromNode = AstFactory.listLiteral();
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    ListLiteral toNode = AstFactory.listLiteral();
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitMapLiteral() {
+    MapLiteral fromNode = AstFactory.mapLiteral2();
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    MapLiteral toNode = AstFactory.mapLiteral2();
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitMethodInvocation() {
+    MethodInvocation fromNode = AstFactory.methodInvocation2("m");
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    MethodInvocation toNode = AstFactory.methodInvocation2("m");
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitNamedExpression() {
+    NamedExpression fromNode =
+        AstFactory.namedExpression2("n", AstFactory.integer(0));
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    NamedExpression toNode =
+        AstFactory.namedExpression2("n", AstFactory.integer(0));
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitNullLiteral() {
+    NullLiteral fromNode = AstFactory.nullLiteral();
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    NullLiteral toNode = AstFactory.nullLiteral();
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitParenthesizedExpression() {
+    ParenthesizedExpression fromNode =
+        AstFactory.parenthesizedExpression(AstFactory.integer(0));
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    ParenthesizedExpression toNode =
+        AstFactory.parenthesizedExpression(AstFactory.integer(0));
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitPartDirective() {
+    PartDirective fromNode = AstFactory.partDirective2("part.dart");
+    LibraryElement element = new LibraryElementImpl.forNode(
+        null, AstFactory.libraryIdentifier2(["lib"]));
+    fromNode.element = element;
+    PartDirective toNode = AstFactory.partDirective2("part.dart");
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.element, same(element));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitPartOfDirective() {
+    PartOfDirective fromNode =
+        AstFactory.partOfDirective(AstFactory.libraryIdentifier2(["lib"]));
+    LibraryElement element = new LibraryElementImpl.forNode(
+        null, AstFactory.libraryIdentifier2(["lib"]));
+    fromNode.element = element;
+    PartOfDirective toNode =
+        AstFactory.partOfDirective(AstFactory.libraryIdentifier2(["lib"]));
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.element, same(element));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitPostfixExpression() {
+    String variableName = "x";
+    PostfixExpression fromNode = AstFactory.postfixExpression(
+        AstFactory.identifier3(variableName), TokenType.PLUS_PLUS);
+    MethodElement propagatedElement = ElementFactory.methodElement(
+        "+", ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type);
+    fromNode.propagatedElement = propagatedElement;
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    MethodElement staticElement = ElementFactory.methodElement(
+        "+", ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type);
+    fromNode.staticElement = staticElement;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    PostfixExpression toNode = AstFactory.postfixExpression(
+        AstFactory.identifier3(variableName), TokenType.PLUS_PLUS);
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedElement, same(propagatedElement));
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticElement, same(staticElement));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitPrefixedIdentifier() {
+    PrefixedIdentifier fromNode = AstFactory.identifier5("p", "f");
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    PrefixedIdentifier toNode = AstFactory.identifier5("p", "f");
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitPrefixExpression() {
+    PrefixExpression fromNode = AstFactory.prefixExpression(
+        TokenType.PLUS_PLUS, AstFactory.identifier3("x"));
+    MethodElement propagatedElement = ElementFactory.methodElement(
+        "+", ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type);
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedElement = propagatedElement;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    MethodElement staticElement = ElementFactory.methodElement(
+        "+", ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type);
+    fromNode.staticElement = staticElement;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    PrefixExpression toNode = AstFactory.prefixExpression(
+        TokenType.PLUS_PLUS, AstFactory.identifier3("x"));
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedElement, same(propagatedElement));
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticElement, same(staticElement));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitPropertyAccess() {
+    PropertyAccess fromNode =
+        AstFactory.propertyAccess2(AstFactory.identifier3("x"), "y");
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    PropertyAccess toNode =
+        AstFactory.propertyAccess2(AstFactory.identifier3("x"), "y");
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitRedirectingConstructorInvocation() {
+    RedirectingConstructorInvocation fromNode =
+        AstFactory.redirectingConstructorInvocation();
+    ConstructorElement staticElement = ElementFactory.constructorElement2(
+        ElementFactory.classElement2("C"), null);
+    fromNode.staticElement = staticElement;
+    RedirectingConstructorInvocation toNode =
+        AstFactory.redirectingConstructorInvocation();
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.staticElement, same(staticElement));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitRethrowExpression() {
+    RethrowExpression fromNode = AstFactory.rethrowExpression();
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    RethrowExpression toNode = AstFactory.rethrowExpression();
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitSimpleIdentifier() {
+    SimpleIdentifier fromNode = AstFactory.identifier3("x");
+    MethodElement propagatedElement = ElementFactory.methodElement(
+        "m", ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type);
+    MethodElement staticElement = ElementFactory.methodElement(
+        "m", ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type);
+    AuxiliaryElements auxiliaryElements =
+        new AuxiliaryElements(staticElement, propagatedElement);
+    fromNode.auxiliaryElements = auxiliaryElements;
+    fromNode.propagatedElement = propagatedElement;
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    fromNode.staticElement = staticElement;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    SimpleIdentifier toNode = AstFactory.identifier3("x");
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.auxiliaryElements, same(auxiliaryElements));
+    expect(toNode.propagatedElement, same(propagatedElement));
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticElement, same(staticElement));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitSimpleStringLiteral() {
+    SimpleStringLiteral fromNode = AstFactory.string2("abc");
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    SimpleStringLiteral toNode = AstFactory.string2("abc");
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitStringInterpolation() {
+    StringInterpolation fromNode =
+        AstFactory.string([AstFactory.interpolationString("a", "'a'")]);
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    StringInterpolation toNode =
+        AstFactory.string([AstFactory.interpolationString("a", "'a'")]);
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitSuperConstructorInvocation() {
+    SuperConstructorInvocation fromNode =
+        AstFactory.superConstructorInvocation();
+    ConstructorElement staticElement = ElementFactory.constructorElement2(
+        ElementFactory.classElement2("C"), null);
+    fromNode.staticElement = staticElement;
+    SuperConstructorInvocation toNode = AstFactory.superConstructorInvocation();
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.staticElement, same(staticElement));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitSuperExpression() {
+    SuperExpression fromNode = AstFactory.superExpression();
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    SuperExpression toNode = AstFactory.superExpression();
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitSymbolLiteral() {
+    SymbolLiteral fromNode = AstFactory.symbolLiteral(["s"]);
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    SymbolLiteral toNode = AstFactory.symbolLiteral(["s"]);
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitThisExpression() {
+    ThisExpression fromNode = AstFactory.thisExpression();
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    ThisExpression toNode = AstFactory.thisExpression();
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitThrowExpression() {
+    ThrowExpression fromNode = AstFactory.throwExpression();
+    DartType propagatedType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.propagatedType = propagatedType;
+    DartType staticType = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.staticType = staticType;
+    ThrowExpression toNode = AstFactory.throwExpression();
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.propagatedType, same(propagatedType));
+    expect(toNode.staticType, same(staticType));
+  }
+
+  void test_visitTypeName() {
+    TypeName fromNode = AstFactory.typeName4("C");
+    DartType type = ElementFactory.classElement2("C").type;
+    fromNode.type = type;
+    TypeName toNode = AstFactory.typeName4("C");
+    ResolutionCopier.copyResolutionData(fromNode, toNode);
+    expect(toNode.type, same(type));
+  }
+}
+
+/**
+ * The class `SimpleParserTest` defines parser tests that test individual parsing method. The
+ * code fragments should be as minimal as possible in order to test the method, but should not test
+ * the interactions between the method under test and other methods.
+ *
+ * More complex tests should be defined in the class [ComplexParserTest].
+ */
+@reflectiveTest
+class SimpleParserTest extends ParserTestCase {
+  void fail_parseAwaitExpression_inSync() {
+    // This test requires better error recovery than we currently have. In
+    // particular, we need to be able to distinguish between an await expression
+    // in the wrong context, and the use of 'await' as an identifier.
+    MethodDeclaration method = parse(
+        "parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "m() { return await x + await y; }");
+    FunctionBody body = method.body;
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is BlockFunctionBody, BlockFunctionBody, body);
+    Statement statement = (body as BlockFunctionBody).block.statements[0];
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is ReturnStatement, ReturnStatement, statement);
+    Expression expression = (statement as ReturnStatement).expression;
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is BinaryExpression, BinaryExpression, expression);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is AwaitExpression,
+        AwaitExpression, (expression as BinaryExpression).leftOperand);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is AwaitExpression,
+        AwaitExpression, (expression as BinaryExpression).rightOperand);
+  }
+
+  void fail_parseCommentReference_this() {
+    // This fails because we are returning null from the method and asserting
+    // that the return value is not null.
+    CommentReference reference =
+        parse("parseCommentReference", <Object>["this", 5], "");
+    SimpleIdentifier identifier = EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier,
+        reference.identifier);
+    expect(identifier.token, isNotNull);
+    expect(identifier.name, "a");
+    expect(identifier.offset, 5);
+  }
+
+  void test_computeStringValue_emptyInterpolationPrefix() {
+    expect(_computeStringValue("'''", true, false), "");
+  }
+
+  void test_computeStringValue_escape_b() {
+    expect(_computeStringValue("'\\b'", true, true), "\b");
+  }
+
+  void test_computeStringValue_escape_f() {
+    expect(_computeStringValue("'\\f'", true, true), "\f");
+  }
+
+  void test_computeStringValue_escape_n() {
+    expect(_computeStringValue("'\\n'", true, true), "\n");
+  }
+
+  void test_computeStringValue_escape_notSpecial() {
+    expect(_computeStringValue("'\\:'", true, true), ":");
+  }
+
+  void test_computeStringValue_escape_r() {
+    expect(_computeStringValue("'\\r'", true, true), "\r");
+  }
+
+  void test_computeStringValue_escape_t() {
+    expect(_computeStringValue("'\\t'", true, true), "\t");
+  }
+
+  void test_computeStringValue_escape_u_fixed() {
+    expect(_computeStringValue("'\\u4321'", true, true), "\u4321");
+  }
+
+  void test_computeStringValue_escape_u_variable() {
+    expect(_computeStringValue("'\\u{123}'", true, true), "\u0123");
+  }
+
+  void test_computeStringValue_escape_v() {
+    expect(_computeStringValue("'\\v'", true, true), "\u000B");
+  }
+
+  void test_computeStringValue_escape_x() {
+    expect(_computeStringValue("'\\xFF'", true, true), "\u00FF");
+  }
+
+  void test_computeStringValue_noEscape_single() {
+    expect(_computeStringValue("'text'", true, true), "text");
+  }
+
+  void test_computeStringValue_noEscape_triple() {
+    expect(_computeStringValue("'''text'''", true, true), "text");
+  }
+
+  void test_computeStringValue_raw_single() {
+    expect(_computeStringValue("r'text'", true, true), "text");
+  }
+
+  void test_computeStringValue_raw_triple() {
+    expect(_computeStringValue("r'''text'''", true, true), "text");
+  }
+
+  void test_computeStringValue_raw_withEscape() {
+    expect(_computeStringValue("r'two\\nlines'", true, true), "two\\nlines");
+  }
+
+  void test_computeStringValue_triple_internalQuote_first_empty() {
+    expect(_computeStringValue("''''", true, false), "'");
+  }
+
+  void test_computeStringValue_triple_internalQuote_first_nonEmpty() {
+    expect(_computeStringValue("''''text", true, false), "'text");
+  }
+
+  void test_computeStringValue_triple_internalQuote_last_empty() {
+    expect(_computeStringValue("'''", false, true), "");
+  }
+
+  void test_computeStringValue_triple_internalQuote_last_nonEmpty() {
+    expect(_computeStringValue("text'''", false, true), "text");
+  }
+
+  void test_constFactory() {
+    parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "const factory C() = A;");
+  }
+
+  void test_createSyntheticIdentifier() {
+    SimpleIdentifier identifier = _createSyntheticIdentifier();
+    expect(identifier.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_createSyntheticStringLiteral() {
+    SimpleStringLiteral literal = _createSyntheticStringLiteral();
+    expect(literal.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_function_literal_allowed_at_toplevel() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("var x = () {};");
+  }
+
+  void test_function_literal_allowed_in_ArgumentList_in_ConstructorFieldInitializer() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("class C { C() : a = f(() {}); }");
+  }
+
+  void test_function_literal_allowed_in_IndexExpression_in_ConstructorFieldInitializer() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("class C { C() : a = x[() {}]; }");
+  }
+
+  void test_function_literal_allowed_in_ListLiteral_in_ConstructorFieldInitializer() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("class C { C() : a = [() {}]; }");
+  }
+
+  void test_function_literal_allowed_in_MapLiteral_in_ConstructorFieldInitializer() {
+    ParserTestCase
+        .parseCompilationUnit("class C { C() : a = {'key': () {}}; }");
+  }
+
+  void test_function_literal_allowed_in_ParenthesizedExpression_in_ConstructorFieldInitializer() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("class C { C() : a = (() {}); }");
+  }
+
+  void test_function_literal_allowed_in_StringInterpolation_in_ConstructorFieldInitializer() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("class C { C() : a = \"\${(){}}\"; }");
+  }
+
+  void test_import_as_show() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit("import 'dart:math' as M show E;");
+  }
+
+  void test_import_show_hide() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseCompilationUnit(
+        "import 'import1_lib.dart' show hide, show hide ugly;");
+  }
+
+  void test_isFunctionDeclaration_nameButNoReturn_block() {
+    expect(_isFunctionDeclaration("f() {}"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isFunctionDeclaration_nameButNoReturn_expression() {
+    expect(_isFunctionDeclaration("f() => e"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isFunctionDeclaration_nameButNoReturn_typeParameters_block() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    expect(_isFunctionDeclaration("f<E>() {}"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isFunctionDeclaration_nameButNoReturn_typeParameters_expression() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    expect(_isFunctionDeclaration("f<E>() => e"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isFunctionDeclaration_normalReturn_block() {
+    expect(_isFunctionDeclaration("C f() {}"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isFunctionDeclaration_normalReturn_expression() {
+    expect(_isFunctionDeclaration("C f() => e"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isFunctionDeclaration_normalReturn_typeParameters_block() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    expect(_isFunctionDeclaration("C f<E>() {}"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isFunctionDeclaration_normalReturn_typeParameters_expression() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    expect(_isFunctionDeclaration("C f<E>() => e"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isFunctionDeclaration_voidReturn_block() {
+    expect(_isFunctionDeclaration("void f() {}"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isFunctionDeclaration_voidReturn_expression() {
+    expect(_isFunctionDeclaration("void f() => e"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isFunctionDeclaration_voidReturn_typeParameters_block() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    expect(_isFunctionDeclaration("void f<E>() {}"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isFunctionDeclaration_voidReturn_typeParameters_expression() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    expect(_isFunctionDeclaration("void f<E>() => e"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isFunctionExpression_false_noBody() {
+    expect(_isFunctionExpression("f();"), isFalse);
+  }
+
+  void test_isFunctionExpression_false_notParameters() {
+    expect(_isFunctionExpression("(a + b) {"), isFalse);
+  }
+
+  void test_isFunctionExpression_noParameters_block() {
+    expect(_isFunctionExpression("() {}"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isFunctionExpression_noParameters_expression() {
+    expect(_isFunctionExpression("() => e"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isFunctionExpression_noParameters_typeParameters_block() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    expect(_isFunctionExpression("<E>() {}"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isFunctionExpression_noParameters_typeParameters_expression() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    expect(_isFunctionExpression("<E>() => e"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isFunctionExpression_parameter_final() {
+    expect(_isFunctionExpression("(final a) {}"), isTrue);
+    expect(_isFunctionExpression("(final a, b) {}"), isTrue);
+    expect(_isFunctionExpression("(final a, final b) {}"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isFunctionExpression_parameter_final_typed() {
+    expect(_isFunctionExpression("(final int a) {}"), isTrue);
+    expect(_isFunctionExpression("(final prefix.List a) {}"), isTrue);
+    expect(_isFunctionExpression("(final List<int> a) {}"), isTrue);
+    expect(_isFunctionExpression("(final prefix.List<int> a) {}"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isFunctionExpression_parameter_multiple() {
+    expect(_isFunctionExpression("(a, b) {}"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isFunctionExpression_parameter_named() {
+    expect(_isFunctionExpression("({a}) {}"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isFunctionExpression_parameter_optional() {
+    expect(_isFunctionExpression("([a]) {}"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isFunctionExpression_parameter_single() {
+    expect(_isFunctionExpression("(a) {}"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isFunctionExpression_parameter_typed() {
+    expect(_isFunctionExpression("(int a, int b) {}"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isInitializedVariableDeclaration_assignment() {
+    expect(_isInitializedVariableDeclaration("a = null;"), isFalse);
+  }
+
+  void test_isInitializedVariableDeclaration_comparison() {
+    expect(_isInitializedVariableDeclaration("a < 0;"), isFalse);
+  }
+
+  void test_isInitializedVariableDeclaration_conditional() {
+    expect(_isInitializedVariableDeclaration("a == null ? init() : update();"),
+        isFalse);
+  }
+
+  void test_isInitializedVariableDeclaration_const_noType_initialized() {
+    expect(_isInitializedVariableDeclaration("const a = 0;"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isInitializedVariableDeclaration_const_noType_uninitialized() {
+    expect(_isInitializedVariableDeclaration("const a;"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isInitializedVariableDeclaration_const_simpleType_uninitialized() {
+    expect(_isInitializedVariableDeclaration("const A a;"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isInitializedVariableDeclaration_final_noType_initialized() {
+    expect(_isInitializedVariableDeclaration("final a = 0;"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isInitializedVariableDeclaration_final_noType_uninitialized() {
+    expect(_isInitializedVariableDeclaration("final a;"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isInitializedVariableDeclaration_final_simpleType_initialized() {
+    expect(_isInitializedVariableDeclaration("final A a = 0;"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isInitializedVariableDeclaration_functionDeclaration_typed() {
+    expect(_isInitializedVariableDeclaration("A f() {};"), isFalse);
+  }
+
+  void test_isInitializedVariableDeclaration_functionDeclaration_untyped() {
+    expect(_isInitializedVariableDeclaration("f() {};"), isFalse);
+  }
+
+  void test_isInitializedVariableDeclaration_noType_initialized() {
+    expect(_isInitializedVariableDeclaration("var a = 0;"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isInitializedVariableDeclaration_noType_uninitialized() {
+    expect(_isInitializedVariableDeclaration("var a;"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isInitializedVariableDeclaration_parameterizedType_initialized() {
+    expect(_isInitializedVariableDeclaration("List<int> a = null;"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isInitializedVariableDeclaration_parameterizedType_uninitialized() {
+    expect(_isInitializedVariableDeclaration("List<int> a;"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isInitializedVariableDeclaration_simpleType_initialized() {
+    expect(_isInitializedVariableDeclaration("A a = 0;"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isInitializedVariableDeclaration_simpleType_uninitialized() {
+    expect(_isInitializedVariableDeclaration("A a;"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isSwitchMember_case_labeled() {
+    expect(_isSwitchMember("l1: l2: case"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isSwitchMember_case_unlabeled() {
+    expect(_isSwitchMember("case"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isSwitchMember_default_labeled() {
+    expect(_isSwitchMember("l1: l2: default"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isSwitchMember_default_unlabeled() {
+    expect(_isSwitchMember("default"), isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_isSwitchMember_false() {
+    expect(_isSwitchMember("break;"), isFalse);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAdditiveExpression_normal() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parse4("parseAdditiveExpression", "x + y");
+    expect(expression.leftOperand, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.PLUS);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAdditiveExpression_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parse4("parseAdditiveExpression", "super + y");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SuperExpression,
+        SuperExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.PLUS);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAnnotation_n1() {
+    Annotation annotation = parse4("parseAnnotation", "@A");
+    expect(annotation.atSign, isNotNull);
+    expect(annotation.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(annotation.period, isNull);
+    expect(annotation.constructorName, isNull);
+    expect(annotation.arguments, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAnnotation_n1_a() {
+    Annotation annotation = parse4("parseAnnotation", "@A(x,y)");
+    expect(annotation.atSign, isNotNull);
+    expect(annotation.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(annotation.period, isNull);
+    expect(annotation.constructorName, isNull);
+    expect(annotation.arguments, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAnnotation_n2() {
+    Annotation annotation = parse4("parseAnnotation", "@A.B");
+    expect(annotation.atSign, isNotNull);
+    expect(annotation.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(annotation.period, isNull);
+    expect(annotation.constructorName, isNull);
+    expect(annotation.arguments, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAnnotation_n2_a() {
+    Annotation annotation = parse4("parseAnnotation", "@A.B(x,y)");
+    expect(annotation.atSign, isNotNull);
+    expect(annotation.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(annotation.period, isNull);
+    expect(annotation.constructorName, isNull);
+    expect(annotation.arguments, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAnnotation_n3() {
+    Annotation annotation = parse4("parseAnnotation", "@A.B.C");
+    expect(annotation.atSign, isNotNull);
+    expect(annotation.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(annotation.period, isNotNull);
+    expect(annotation.constructorName, isNotNull);
+    expect(annotation.arguments, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAnnotation_n3_a() {
+    Annotation annotation = parse4("parseAnnotation", "@A.B.C(x,y)");
+    expect(annotation.atSign, isNotNull);
+    expect(annotation.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(annotation.period, isNotNull);
+    expect(annotation.constructorName, isNotNull);
+    expect(annotation.arguments, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseArgument_named() {
+    NamedExpression expression = parse4("parseArgument", "n: x");
+    Label name = expression.name;
+    expect(name, isNotNull);
+    expect(name.label, isNotNull);
+    expect(name.colon, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.expression, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseArgument_unnamed() {
+    String lexeme = "x";
+    SimpleIdentifier identifier = parse4("parseArgument", lexeme);
+    expect(identifier.name, lexeme);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseArgumentList_empty() {
+    ArgumentList argumentList = parse4("parseArgumentList", "()");
+    NodeList<Expression> arguments = argumentList.arguments;
+    expect(arguments, hasLength(0));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseArgumentList_mixed() {
+    ArgumentList argumentList =
+        parse4("parseArgumentList", "(w, x, y: y, z: z)");
+    NodeList<Expression> arguments = argumentList.arguments;
+    expect(arguments, hasLength(4));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseArgumentList_noNamed() {
+    ArgumentList argumentList = parse4("parseArgumentList", "(x, y, z)");
+    NodeList<Expression> arguments = argumentList.arguments;
+    expect(arguments, hasLength(3));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseArgumentList_onlyNamed() {
+    ArgumentList argumentList = parse4("parseArgumentList", "(x: x, y: y)");
+    NodeList<Expression> arguments = argumentList.arguments;
+    expect(arguments, hasLength(2));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAssertStatement() {
+    AssertStatement statement = parse4("parseAssertStatement", "assert (x);");
+    expect(statement.assertKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.condition, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAssignableExpression_expression_args_dot() {
+    PropertyAccess propertyAccess =
+        parse("parseAssignableExpression", <Object>[false], "(x)(y).z");
+    FunctionExpressionInvocation invocation =
+        propertyAccess.target as FunctionExpressionInvocation;
+    expect(invocation.function, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.typeArguments, isNull);
+    ArgumentList argumentList = invocation.argumentList;
+    expect(argumentList, isNotNull);
+    expect(argumentList.arguments, hasLength(1));
+    expect(propertyAccess.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(propertyAccess.propertyName, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAssignableExpression_expression_args_dot_typeParameters() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    PropertyAccess propertyAccess =
+        parse("parseAssignableExpression", <Object>[false], "(x)<F>(y).z");
+    FunctionExpressionInvocation invocation =
+        propertyAccess.target as FunctionExpressionInvocation;
+    expect(invocation.function, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.typeArguments, isNotNull);
+    ArgumentList argumentList = invocation.argumentList;
+    expect(argumentList, isNotNull);
+    expect(argumentList.arguments, hasLength(1));
+    expect(propertyAccess.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(propertyAccess.propertyName, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAssignableExpression_expression_dot() {
+    PropertyAccess propertyAccess =
+        parse("parseAssignableExpression", <Object>[false], "(x).y");
+    expect(propertyAccess.target, isNotNull);
+    expect(propertyAccess.operator.type, TokenType.PERIOD);
+    expect(propertyAccess.propertyName, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAssignableExpression_expression_index() {
+    IndexExpression expression =
+        parse("parseAssignableExpression", <Object>[false], "(x)[y]");
+    expect(expression.target, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.index, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAssignableExpression_expression_question_dot() {
+    PropertyAccess propertyAccess =
+        parse("parseAssignableExpression", <Object>[false], "(x)?.y");
+    expect(propertyAccess.target, isNotNull);
+    expect(propertyAccess.operator.type, TokenType.QUESTION_PERIOD);
+    expect(propertyAccess.propertyName, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAssignableExpression_identifier() {
+    SimpleIdentifier identifier =
+        parse("parseAssignableExpression", <Object>[false], "x");
+    expect(identifier, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAssignableExpression_identifier_args_dot() {
+    PropertyAccess propertyAccess =
+        parse("parseAssignableExpression", <Object>[false], "x(y).z");
+    MethodInvocation invocation = propertyAccess.target as MethodInvocation;
+    expect(invocation.methodName.name, "x");
+    expect(invocation.typeArguments, isNull);
+    ArgumentList argumentList = invocation.argumentList;
+    expect(argumentList, isNotNull);
+    expect(argumentList.arguments, hasLength(1));
+    expect(propertyAccess.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(propertyAccess.propertyName, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAssignableExpression_identifier_args_dot_typeParameters() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    PropertyAccess propertyAccess =
+        parse("parseAssignableExpression", <Object>[false], "x<E>(y).z");
+    MethodInvocation invocation = propertyAccess.target as MethodInvocation;
+    expect(invocation.methodName.name, "x");
+    expect(invocation.typeArguments, isNotNull);
+    ArgumentList argumentList = invocation.argumentList;
+    expect(argumentList, isNotNull);
+    expect(argumentList.arguments, hasLength(1));
+    expect(propertyAccess.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(propertyAccess.propertyName, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAssignableExpression_identifier_dot() {
+    PropertyAccess propertyAccess =
+        parse("parseAssignableExpression", <Object>[false], "x.y");
+    expect(propertyAccess.target, isNotNull);
+    expect(propertyAccess.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(propertyAccess.operator.type, TokenType.PERIOD);
+    expect(propertyAccess.propertyName, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAssignableExpression_identifier_index() {
+    IndexExpression expression =
+        parse("parseAssignableExpression", <Object>[false], "x[y]");
+    expect(expression.target, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.index, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAssignableExpression_identifier_question_dot() {
+    PropertyAccess propertyAccess =
+        parse("parseAssignableExpression", <Object>[false], "x?.y");
+    expect(propertyAccess.target, isNotNull);
+    expect(propertyAccess.operator.type, TokenType.QUESTION_PERIOD);
+    expect(propertyAccess.propertyName, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAssignableExpression_super_dot() {
+    PropertyAccess propertyAccess =
+        parse("parseAssignableExpression", <Object>[false], "super.y");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SuperExpression,
+        SuperExpression, propertyAccess.target);
+    expect(propertyAccess.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(propertyAccess.propertyName, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAssignableExpression_super_index() {
+    IndexExpression expression =
+        parse("parseAssignableExpression", <Object>[false], "super[y]");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is SuperExpression, SuperExpression, expression.target);
+    expect(expression.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.index, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAssignableSelector_dot() {
+    PropertyAccess selector =
+        parse("parseAssignableSelector", <Object>[null, true], ".x");
+    expect(selector.operator.type, TokenType.PERIOD);
+    expect(selector.propertyName, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAssignableSelector_index() {
+    IndexExpression selector =
+        parse("parseAssignableSelector", <Object>[null, true], "[x]");
+    expect(selector.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(selector.index, isNotNull);
+    expect(selector.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAssignableSelector_none() {
+    SimpleIdentifier selector = parse("parseAssignableSelector",
+        <Object>[new SimpleIdentifier(null), true], ";");
+    expect(selector, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAssignableSelector_question_dot() {
+    PropertyAccess selector =
+        parse("parseAssignableSelector", <Object>[null, true], "?.x");
+    expect(selector.operator.type, TokenType.QUESTION_PERIOD);
+    expect(selector.propertyName, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAwaitExpression() {
+    AwaitExpression expression = parse4("parseAwaitExpression", "await x;");
+    expect(expression.awaitKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.expression, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAwaitExpression_asStatement_inAsync() {
+    MethodDeclaration method =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "m() async { await x; }");
+    FunctionBody body = method.body;
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is BlockFunctionBody, BlockFunctionBody, body);
+    Statement statement = (body as BlockFunctionBody).block.statements[0];
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is ExpressionStatement, ExpressionStatement, statement);
+    Expression expression = (statement as ExpressionStatement).expression;
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is AwaitExpression, AwaitExpression, expression);
+    expect((expression as AwaitExpression).awaitKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect((expression as AwaitExpression).expression, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseAwaitExpression_asStatement_inSync() {
+    MethodDeclaration method =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "m() { await x; }");
+    FunctionBody body = method.body;
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is BlockFunctionBody, BlockFunctionBody, body);
+    Statement statement = (body as BlockFunctionBody).block.statements[0];
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is VariableDeclarationStatement,
+        VariableDeclarationStatement,
+        statement);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseBitwiseAndExpression_normal() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parse4("parseBitwiseAndExpression", "x & y");
+    expect(expression.leftOperand, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.AMPERSAND);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseBitwiseAndExpression_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parse4("parseBitwiseAndExpression", "super & y");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SuperExpression,
+        SuperExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.AMPERSAND);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseBitwiseOrExpression_normal() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parse4("parseBitwiseOrExpression", "x | y");
+    expect(expression.leftOperand, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.BAR);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseBitwiseOrExpression_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parse4("parseBitwiseOrExpression", "super | y");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SuperExpression,
+        SuperExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.BAR);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseBitwiseXorExpression_normal() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parse4("parseBitwiseXorExpression", "x ^ y");
+    expect(expression.leftOperand, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.CARET);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseBitwiseXorExpression_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parse4("parseBitwiseXorExpression", "super ^ y");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SuperExpression,
+        SuperExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.CARET);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseBlock_empty() {
+    Block block = parse4("parseBlock", "{}");
+    expect(block.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(block.statements, hasLength(0));
+    expect(block.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseBlock_nonEmpty() {
+    Block block = parse4("parseBlock", "{;}");
+    expect(block.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(block.statements, hasLength(1));
+    expect(block.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseBreakStatement_label() {
+    BreakStatement statement = parse4("parseBreakStatement", "break foo;");
+    expect(statement.breakKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.label, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseBreakStatement_noLabel() {
+    BreakStatement statement = parse4("parseBreakStatement", "break;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.BREAK_OUTSIDE_OF_LOOP]);
+    expect(statement.breakKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.label, isNull);
+    expect(statement.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCascadeSection_i() {
+    IndexExpression section = parse4("parseCascadeSection", "..[i]");
+    expect(section.target, isNull);
+    expect(section.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.index, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCascadeSection_ia() {
+    FunctionExpressionInvocation section =
+        parse4("parseCascadeSection", "..[i](b)");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is IndexExpression, IndexExpression, section.function);
+    expect(section.typeArguments, isNull);
+    expect(section.argumentList, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCascadeSection_ia_typeArguments() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    FunctionExpressionInvocation section =
+        parse4("parseCascadeSection", "..[i]<E>(b)");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is IndexExpression, IndexExpression, section.function);
+    expect(section.typeArguments, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.argumentList, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCascadeSection_ii() {
+    MethodInvocation section = parse4("parseCascadeSection", "..a(b).c(d)");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is MethodInvocation, MethodInvocation, section.target);
+    expect(section.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.methodName, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.typeArguments, isNull);
+    expect(section.argumentList, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.argumentList.arguments, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCascadeSection_ii_typeArguments() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    MethodInvocation section =
+        parse4("parseCascadeSection", "..a<E>(b).c<F>(d)");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is MethodInvocation, MethodInvocation, section.target);
+    expect(section.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.methodName, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.typeArguments, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.argumentList, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.argumentList.arguments, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCascadeSection_p() {
+    PropertyAccess section = parse4("parseCascadeSection", "..a");
+    expect(section.target, isNull);
+    expect(section.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.propertyName, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCascadeSection_p_assign() {
+    AssignmentExpression section = parse4("parseCascadeSection", "..a = 3");
+    expect(section.leftHandSide, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.operator, isNotNull);
+    Expression rhs = section.rightHandSide;
+    expect(rhs, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCascadeSection_p_assign_withCascade() {
+    AssignmentExpression section =
+        parse4("parseCascadeSection", "..a = 3..m()");
+    expect(section.leftHandSide, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.operator, isNotNull);
+    Expression rhs = section.rightHandSide;
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is IntegerLiteral, IntegerLiteral, rhs);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCascadeSection_p_assign_withCascade_typeArguments() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    AssignmentExpression section =
+        parse4("parseCascadeSection", "..a = 3..m<E>()");
+    expect(section.leftHandSide, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.operator, isNotNull);
+    Expression rhs = section.rightHandSide;
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is IntegerLiteral, IntegerLiteral, rhs);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCascadeSection_p_builtIn() {
+    PropertyAccess section = parse4("parseCascadeSection", "..as");
+    expect(section.target, isNull);
+    expect(section.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.propertyName, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCascadeSection_pa() {
+    MethodInvocation section = parse4("parseCascadeSection", "..a(b)");
+    expect(section.target, isNull);
+    expect(section.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.methodName, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.typeArguments, isNull);
+    expect(section.argumentList, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.argumentList.arguments, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCascadeSection_pa_typeArguments() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    MethodInvocation section = parse4("parseCascadeSection", "..a<E>(b)");
+    expect(section.target, isNull);
+    expect(section.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.methodName, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.typeArguments, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.argumentList, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.argumentList.arguments, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCascadeSection_paa() {
+    FunctionExpressionInvocation section =
+        parse4("parseCascadeSection", "..a(b)(c)");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is MethodInvocation, MethodInvocation, section.function);
+    expect(section.typeArguments, isNull);
+    expect(section.argumentList, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.argumentList.arguments, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCascadeSection_paa_typeArguments() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    FunctionExpressionInvocation section =
+        parse4("parseCascadeSection", "..a<E>(b)<F>(c)");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is MethodInvocation, MethodInvocation, section.function);
+    expect(section.typeArguments, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.argumentList, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.argumentList.arguments, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCascadeSection_paapaa() {
+    FunctionExpressionInvocation section =
+        parse4("parseCascadeSection", "..a(b)(c).d(e)(f)");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is MethodInvocation, MethodInvocation, section.function);
+    expect(section.typeArguments, isNull);
+    expect(section.argumentList, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.argumentList.arguments, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCascadeSection_paapaa_typeArguments() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    FunctionExpressionInvocation section =
+        parse4("parseCascadeSection", "..a<E>(b)<F>(c).d<G>(e)<H>(f)");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is MethodInvocation, MethodInvocation, section.function);
+    expect(section.typeArguments, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.argumentList, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.argumentList.arguments, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCascadeSection_pap() {
+    PropertyAccess section = parse4("parseCascadeSection", "..a(b).c");
+    expect(section.target, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.propertyName, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCascadeSection_pap_typeArguments() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    PropertyAccess section = parse4("parseCascadeSection", "..a<E>(b).c");
+    expect(section.target, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(section.propertyName, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassDeclaration_abstract() {
+    ClassDeclaration declaration = parse(
+        "parseClassDeclaration",
+        <Object>[
+          emptyCommentAndMetadata(),
+          TokenFactory.tokenFromKeyword(Keyword.ABSTRACT)
+        ],
+        "class A {}");
+    expect(declaration.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.abstractKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.extendsClause, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.implementsClause, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.classKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.members, hasLength(0));
+    expect(declaration.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.typeParameters, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassDeclaration_empty() {
+    ClassDeclaration declaration = parse("parseClassDeclaration",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata(), null], "class A {}");
+    expect(declaration.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.abstractKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.extendsClause, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.implementsClause, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.classKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.members, hasLength(0));
+    expect(declaration.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.typeParameters, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassDeclaration_extends() {
+    ClassDeclaration declaration = parse("parseClassDeclaration",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata(), null], "class A extends B {}");
+    expect(declaration.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.abstractKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.extendsClause, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.implementsClause, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.classKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.members, hasLength(0));
+    expect(declaration.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.typeParameters, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassDeclaration_extendsAndImplements() {
+    ClassDeclaration declaration = parse(
+        "parseClassDeclaration",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata(), null],
+        "class A extends B implements C {}");
+    expect(declaration.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.abstractKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.extendsClause, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.implementsClause, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.classKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.members, hasLength(0));
+    expect(declaration.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.typeParameters, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassDeclaration_extendsAndWith() {
+    ClassDeclaration declaration = parse(
+        "parseClassDeclaration",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata(), null],
+        "class A extends B with C {}");
+    expect(declaration.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.abstractKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.classKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.extendsClause, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.withClause, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.implementsClause, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.members, hasLength(0));
+    expect(declaration.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassDeclaration_extendsAndWithAndImplements() {
+    ClassDeclaration declaration = parse(
+        "parseClassDeclaration",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata(), null],
+        "class A extends B with C implements D {}");
+    expect(declaration.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.abstractKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.classKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.extendsClause, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.withClause, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.implementsClause, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.members, hasLength(0));
+    expect(declaration.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassDeclaration_implements() {
+    ClassDeclaration declaration = parse("parseClassDeclaration",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata(), null], "class A implements C {}");
+    expect(declaration.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.abstractKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.extendsClause, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.implementsClause, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.classKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.members, hasLength(0));
+    expect(declaration.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.typeParameters, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassDeclaration_native() {
+    ClassDeclaration declaration = parse(
+        "parseClassDeclaration",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata(), null],
+        "class A native 'nativeValue' {}");
+    NativeClause nativeClause = declaration.nativeClause;
+    expect(nativeClause, isNotNull);
+    expect(nativeClause.nativeKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(nativeClause.name.stringValue, "nativeValue");
+    expect(nativeClause.beginToken, same(nativeClause.nativeKeyword));
+    expect(nativeClause.endToken, same(nativeClause.name.endToken));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassDeclaration_nonEmpty() {
+    ClassDeclaration declaration = parse("parseClassDeclaration",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata(), null], "class A {var f;}");
+    expect(declaration.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.abstractKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.extendsClause, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.implementsClause, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.classKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.members, hasLength(1));
+    expect(declaration.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.typeParameters, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassDeclaration_typeAlias_implementsC() {
+    ClassTypeAlias typeAlias = parse(
+        "parseClassDeclaration",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata(), null],
+        "class A = Object with B implements C;");
+    expect(typeAlias.typedefKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.withClause, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.implementsClause, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.implementsClause.implementsKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.implementsClause.interfaces.length, 1);
+    expect(typeAlias.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassDeclaration_typeAlias_withB() {
+    ClassTypeAlias typeAlias = parse("parseClassDeclaration",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata(), null], "class A = Object with B;");
+    expect(typeAlias.typedefKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.withClause, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.withClause.withKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.withClause.mixinTypes.length, 1);
+    expect(typeAlias.implementsClause, isNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassDeclaration_typeParameters() {
+    ClassDeclaration declaration = parse("parseClassDeclaration",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata(), null], "class A<B> {}");
+    expect(declaration.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.abstractKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.extendsClause, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.implementsClause, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.classKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.members, hasLength(0));
+    expect(declaration.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.typeParameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.typeParameters.typeParameters, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_constructor_withInitializers() {
+    // TODO(brianwilkerson) Test other kinds of class members: fields, getters
+    // and setters.
+    ConstructorDeclaration constructor = parse("parseClassMember",
+        <Object>["C"], "C(_, _\$, this.__) : _a = _ + _\$ {}");
+    expect(constructor.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(constructor.separator, isNotNull);
+    expect(constructor.externalKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(constructor.constKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(constructor.factoryKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(constructor.name, isNull);
+    expect(constructor.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(constructor.period, isNull);
+    expect(constructor.returnType, isNotNull);
+    expect(constructor.initializers, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_field_instance_prefixedType() {
+    FieldDeclaration field = parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "p.A f;");
+    expect(field.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(field.metadata, hasLength(0));
+    expect(field.staticKeyword, isNull);
+    VariableDeclarationList list = field.fields;
+    expect(list, isNotNull);
+    NodeList<VariableDeclaration> variables = list.variables;
+    expect(variables, hasLength(1));
+    VariableDeclaration variable = variables[0];
+    expect(variable.name, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_field_namedGet() {
+    FieldDeclaration field =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "var get;");
+    expect(field.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(field.metadata, hasLength(0));
+    expect(field.staticKeyword, isNull);
+    VariableDeclarationList list = field.fields;
+    expect(list, isNotNull);
+    NodeList<VariableDeclaration> variables = list.variables;
+    expect(variables, hasLength(1));
+    VariableDeclaration variable = variables[0];
+    expect(variable.name, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_field_namedOperator() {
+    FieldDeclaration field =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "var operator;");
+    expect(field.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(field.metadata, hasLength(0));
+    expect(field.staticKeyword, isNull);
+    VariableDeclarationList list = field.fields;
+    expect(list, isNotNull);
+    NodeList<VariableDeclaration> variables = list.variables;
+    expect(variables, hasLength(1));
+    VariableDeclaration variable = variables[0];
+    expect(variable.name, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_field_namedOperator_withAssignment() {
+    FieldDeclaration field =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "var operator = (5);");
+    expect(field.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(field.metadata, hasLength(0));
+    expect(field.staticKeyword, isNull);
+    VariableDeclarationList list = field.fields;
+    expect(list, isNotNull);
+    NodeList<VariableDeclaration> variables = list.variables;
+    expect(variables, hasLength(1));
+    VariableDeclaration variable = variables[0];
+    expect(variable.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(variable.initializer, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_field_namedSet() {
+    FieldDeclaration field =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "var set;");
+    expect(field.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(field.metadata, hasLength(0));
+    expect(field.staticKeyword, isNull);
+    VariableDeclarationList list = field.fields;
+    expect(list, isNotNull);
+    NodeList<VariableDeclaration> variables = list.variables;
+    expect(variables, hasLength(1));
+    VariableDeclaration variable = variables[0];
+    expect(variable.name, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_getter_void() {
+    MethodDeclaration method =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "void get g {}");
+    expect(method.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(method.externalKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.modifierKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.propertyKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.returnType, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.operatorKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.parameters, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_method_external() {
+    MethodDeclaration method =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "external m();");
+    expect(method.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(method.externalKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.modifierKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.operatorKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(method.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.propertyKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.returnType, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_method_external_withTypeAndArgs() {
+    MethodDeclaration method =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "external int m(int a);");
+    expect(method.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(method.externalKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.modifierKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.operatorKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(method.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.propertyKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.returnType, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_method_generic_noReturnType() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    MethodDeclaration method =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "m<T>() {}");
+    expect(method.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(method.externalKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.modifierKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.propertyKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.returnType, isNull);
+    expect(method.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.operatorKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.typeParameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_method_generic_returnType() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    MethodDeclaration method =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "T m<T>() {}");
+    expect(method.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(method.externalKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.modifierKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.propertyKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.returnType, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.operatorKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.typeParameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_method_generic_void() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    MethodDeclaration method =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "void m<T>() {}");
+    expect(method.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(method.externalKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.modifierKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.propertyKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.returnType, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.operatorKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.typeParameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_method_get_noType() {
+    MethodDeclaration method =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "get() {}");
+    expect(method.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(method.externalKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.modifierKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.propertyKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.returnType, isNull);
+    expect(method.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.operatorKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(method.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_method_get_type() {
+    MethodDeclaration method =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "int get() {}");
+    expect(method.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(method.externalKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.modifierKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.propertyKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.returnType, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.operatorKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(method.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_method_get_void() {
+    MethodDeclaration method =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "void get() {}");
+    expect(method.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(method.externalKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.modifierKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.propertyKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.returnType, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.operatorKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(method.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_method_operator_noType() {
+    MethodDeclaration method =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "operator() {}");
+    expect(method.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(method.externalKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.modifierKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.propertyKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.returnType, isNull);
+    expect(method.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.operatorKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(method.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_method_operator_type() {
+    MethodDeclaration method =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "int operator() {}");
+    expect(method.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(method.externalKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.modifierKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.propertyKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.returnType, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.operatorKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(method.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_method_operator_void() {
+    MethodDeclaration method =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "void operator() {}");
+    expect(method.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(method.externalKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.modifierKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.propertyKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.returnType, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.operatorKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(method.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_method_returnType_parameterized() {
+    MethodDeclaration method =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "p.A m() {}");
+    expect(method.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(method.externalKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.modifierKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.propertyKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.returnType, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.operatorKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(method.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_method_set_noType() {
+    MethodDeclaration method =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "set() {}");
+    expect(method.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(method.externalKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.modifierKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.propertyKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.returnType, isNull);
+    expect(method.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.operatorKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(method.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_method_set_type() {
+    MethodDeclaration method =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "int set() {}");
+    expect(method.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(method.externalKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.modifierKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.propertyKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.returnType, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.operatorKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(method.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_method_set_void() {
+    MethodDeclaration method =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "void set() {}");
+    expect(method.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(method.externalKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.modifierKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.propertyKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.returnType, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.operatorKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(method.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_operator_index() {
+    MethodDeclaration method =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "int operator [](int i) {}");
+    expect(method.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(method.externalKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.modifierKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.propertyKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.returnType, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.operatorKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(method.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_operator_indexAssign() {
+    MethodDeclaration method =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "int operator []=(int i) {}");
+    expect(method.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(method.externalKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.modifierKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.propertyKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.returnType, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.operatorKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(method.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_redirectingFactory_const() {
+    ConstructorDeclaration constructor =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "const factory C() = B;");
+    expect(constructor.externalKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(constructor.constKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(constructor.factoryKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(constructor.returnType, isNotNull);
+    expect(constructor.period, isNull);
+    expect(constructor.name, isNull);
+    expect(constructor.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(constructor.separator, isNotNull);
+    expect(constructor.initializers, hasLength(0));
+    expect(constructor.redirectedConstructor, isNotNull);
+    expect(constructor.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassMember_redirectingFactory_nonConst() {
+    ConstructorDeclaration constructor =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "factory C() = B;");
+    expect(constructor.externalKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(constructor.constKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(constructor.factoryKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(constructor.returnType, isNotNull);
+    expect(constructor.period, isNull);
+    expect(constructor.name, isNull);
+    expect(constructor.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(constructor.separator, isNotNull);
+    expect(constructor.initializers, hasLength(0));
+    expect(constructor.redirectedConstructor, isNotNull);
+    expect(constructor.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassTypeAlias_abstract() {
+    Token classToken = TokenFactory.tokenFromKeyword(Keyword.CLASS);
+    Token abstractToken = TokenFactory.tokenFromKeyword(Keyword.ABSTRACT);
+    ClassTypeAlias classTypeAlias = parse(
+        "parseClassTypeAlias",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata(), abstractToken, classToken],
+        "A = B with C;");
+    expect(classTypeAlias.typedefKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(classTypeAlias.name.name, "A");
+    expect(classTypeAlias.equals, isNotNull);
+    expect(classTypeAlias.abstractKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(classTypeAlias.superclass.name.name, isNotNull, reason: "B");
+    expect(classTypeAlias.withClause, isNotNull);
+    expect(classTypeAlias.implementsClause, isNull);
+    expect(classTypeAlias.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassTypeAlias_implements() {
+    Token token = TokenFactory.tokenFromKeyword(Keyword.CLASS);
+    ClassTypeAlias classTypeAlias = parse(
+        "parseClassTypeAlias",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata(), null, token],
+        "A = B with C implements D;");
+    expect(classTypeAlias.typedefKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(classTypeAlias.name.name, "A");
+    expect(classTypeAlias.equals, isNotNull);
+    expect(classTypeAlias.abstractKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(classTypeAlias.superclass.name.name, isNotNull, reason: "B");
+    expect(classTypeAlias.withClause, isNotNull);
+    expect(classTypeAlias.implementsClause, isNotNull);
+    expect(classTypeAlias.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassTypeAlias_with() {
+    Token token = TokenFactory.tokenFromKeyword(Keyword.CLASS);
+    ClassTypeAlias classTypeAlias = parse("parseClassTypeAlias",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata(), null, token], "A = B with C;");
+    expect(classTypeAlias.typedefKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(classTypeAlias.name.name, "A");
+    expect(classTypeAlias.equals, isNotNull);
+    expect(classTypeAlias.abstractKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(classTypeAlias.superclass.name.name, isNotNull, reason: "B");
+    expect(classTypeAlias.withClause, isNotNull);
+    expect(classTypeAlias.implementsClause, isNull);
+    expect(classTypeAlias.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseClassTypeAlias_with_implements() {
+    Token token = TokenFactory.tokenFromKeyword(Keyword.CLASS);
+    ClassTypeAlias classTypeAlias = parse(
+        "parseClassTypeAlias",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata(), null, token],
+        "A = B with C implements D;");
+    expect(classTypeAlias.typedefKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(classTypeAlias.name.name, "A");
+    expect(classTypeAlias.equals, isNotNull);
+    expect(classTypeAlias.abstractKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(classTypeAlias.superclass.name.name, isNotNull, reason: "B");
+    expect(classTypeAlias.withClause, isNotNull);
+    expect(classTypeAlias.implementsClause, isNotNull);
+    expect(classTypeAlias.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCombinator_hide() {
+    HideCombinator combinator = parse4('parseCombinator', 'hide a;');
+    expect(combinator, new isInstanceOf<HideCombinator>());
+    expect(combinator.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(combinator.hiddenNames, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCombinator_show() {
+    ShowCombinator combinator = parse4('parseCombinator', 'show a;');
+    expect(combinator, new isInstanceOf<ShowCombinator>());
+    expect(combinator.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(combinator.shownNames, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCombinators_h() {
+    List<Combinator> combinators = parse4("parseCombinators", "hide a;");
+    expect(combinators, hasLength(1));
+    HideCombinator combinator = combinators[0] as HideCombinator;
+    expect(combinator, isNotNull);
+    expect(combinator.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(combinator.hiddenNames, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCombinators_hs() {
+    List<Combinator> combinators = parse4("parseCombinators", "hide a show b;");
+    expect(combinators, hasLength(2));
+    HideCombinator hideCombinator = combinators[0] as HideCombinator;
+    expect(hideCombinator, isNotNull);
+    expect(hideCombinator.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(hideCombinator.hiddenNames, hasLength(1));
+    ShowCombinator showCombinator = combinators[1] as ShowCombinator;
+    expect(showCombinator, isNotNull);
+    expect(showCombinator.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(showCombinator.shownNames, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCombinators_hshs() {
+    List<Combinator> combinators =
+        parse4("parseCombinators", "hide a show b hide c show d;");
+    expect(combinators, hasLength(4));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCombinators_s() {
+    List<Combinator> combinators = parse4("parseCombinators", "show a;");
+    expect(combinators, hasLength(1));
+    ShowCombinator combinator = combinators[0] as ShowCombinator;
+    expect(combinator, isNotNull);
+    expect(combinator.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(combinator.shownNames, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCommentAndMetadata_c() {
+    CommentAndMetadata commentAndMetadata =
+        parse4("parseCommentAndMetadata", "/** 1 */ void");
+    expect(commentAndMetadata.comment, isNotNull);
+    expect(commentAndMetadata.metadata, hasLength(0));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCommentAndMetadata_cmc() {
+    CommentAndMetadata commentAndMetadata =
+        parse4("parseCommentAndMetadata", "/** 1 */ @A /** 2 */ void");
+    expect(commentAndMetadata.comment, isNotNull);
+    expect(commentAndMetadata.metadata, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCommentAndMetadata_cmcm() {
+    CommentAndMetadata commentAndMetadata =
+        parse4("parseCommentAndMetadata", "/** 1 */ @A /** 2 */ @B void");
+    expect(commentAndMetadata.comment, isNotNull);
+    expect(commentAndMetadata.metadata, hasLength(2));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCommentAndMetadata_cmm() {
+    CommentAndMetadata commentAndMetadata =
+        parse4("parseCommentAndMetadata", "/** 1 */ @A @B void");
+    expect(commentAndMetadata.comment, isNotNull);
+    expect(commentAndMetadata.metadata, hasLength(2));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCommentAndMetadata_m() {
+    CommentAndMetadata commentAndMetadata =
+        parse4("parseCommentAndMetadata", "@A void");
+    expect(commentAndMetadata.comment, isNull);
+    expect(commentAndMetadata.metadata, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCommentAndMetadata_mcm() {
+    CommentAndMetadata commentAndMetadata =
+        parse4("parseCommentAndMetadata", "@A /** 1 */ @B void");
+    expect(commentAndMetadata.comment, isNotNull);
+    expect(commentAndMetadata.metadata, hasLength(2));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCommentAndMetadata_mcmc() {
+    CommentAndMetadata commentAndMetadata =
+        parse4("parseCommentAndMetadata", "@A /** 1 */ @B /** 2 */ void");
+    expect(commentAndMetadata.comment, isNotNull);
+    expect(commentAndMetadata.metadata, hasLength(2));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCommentAndMetadata_mm() {
+    CommentAndMetadata commentAndMetadata =
+        parse4("parseCommentAndMetadata", "@A @B(x) void");
+    expect(commentAndMetadata.comment, isNull);
+    expect(commentAndMetadata.metadata, hasLength(2));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCommentAndMetadata_none() {
+    CommentAndMetadata commentAndMetadata =
+        parse4("parseCommentAndMetadata", "void");
+    expect(commentAndMetadata.comment, isNull);
+    expect(commentAndMetadata.metadata, hasLength(0));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCommentAndMetadata_singleLine() {
+    CommentAndMetadata commentAndMetadata = parse4(
+        "parseCommentAndMetadata",
+        r'''
+/// 1
+/// 2
+void''');
+    expect(commentAndMetadata.comment, isNotNull);
+    expect(commentAndMetadata.metadata, hasLength(0));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCommentReference_new_prefixed() {
+    CommentReference reference =
+        parse("parseCommentReference", <Object>["new a.b", 7], "");
+    PrefixedIdentifier prefixedIdentifier = EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is PrefixedIdentifier,
+        PrefixedIdentifier,
+        reference.identifier);
+    SimpleIdentifier prefix = prefixedIdentifier.prefix;
+    expect(prefix.token, isNotNull);
+    expect(prefix.name, "a");
+    expect(prefix.offset, 11);
+    expect(prefixedIdentifier.period, isNotNull);
+    SimpleIdentifier identifier = prefixedIdentifier.identifier;
+    expect(identifier.token, isNotNull);
+    expect(identifier.name, "b");
+    expect(identifier.offset, 13);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCommentReference_new_simple() {
+    CommentReference reference =
+        parse("parseCommentReference", <Object>["new a", 5], "");
+    SimpleIdentifier identifier = EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier,
+        reference.identifier);
+    expect(identifier.token, isNotNull);
+    expect(identifier.name, "a");
+    expect(identifier.offset, 9);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCommentReference_prefixed() {
+    CommentReference reference =
+        parse("parseCommentReference", <Object>["a.b", 7], "");
+    PrefixedIdentifier prefixedIdentifier = EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is PrefixedIdentifier,
+        PrefixedIdentifier,
+        reference.identifier);
+    SimpleIdentifier prefix = prefixedIdentifier.prefix;
+    expect(prefix.token, isNotNull);
+    expect(prefix.name, "a");
+    expect(prefix.offset, 7);
+    expect(prefixedIdentifier.period, isNotNull);
+    SimpleIdentifier identifier = prefixedIdentifier.identifier;
+    expect(identifier.token, isNotNull);
+    expect(identifier.name, "b");
+    expect(identifier.offset, 9);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCommentReference_simple() {
+    CommentReference reference =
+        parse("parseCommentReference", <Object>["a", 5], "");
+    SimpleIdentifier identifier = EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier,
+        reference.identifier);
+    expect(identifier.token, isNotNull);
+    expect(identifier.name, "a");
+    expect(identifier.offset, 5);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCommentReference_synthetic() {
+    CommentReference reference =
+        parse("parseCommentReference", <Object>["", 5], "");
+    SimpleIdentifier identifier = EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is SimpleIdentifier,
+        SimpleIdentifier,
+        reference.identifier);
+    expect(identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(identifier.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+    expect(identifier.token, isNotNull);
+    expect(identifier.name, "");
+    expect(identifier.offset, 5);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCommentReferences_multiLine() {
+    DocumentationCommentToken token = new DocumentationCommentToken(
+        TokenType.MULTI_LINE_COMMENT, "/** xxx [a] yyy [bb] zzz */", 3);
+    List<DocumentationCommentToken> tokens = <DocumentationCommentToken>[token];
+    List<CommentReference> references =
+        parse("parseCommentReferences", <Object>[tokens], "");
+    List<Token> tokenReferences = token.references;
+    expect(references, hasLength(2));
+    expect(tokenReferences, hasLength(2));
+    {
+      CommentReference reference = references[0];
+      expect(reference, isNotNull);
+      expect(reference.identifier, isNotNull);
+      expect(reference.offset, 12);
+      // the reference is recorded in the comment token
+      Token referenceToken = tokenReferences[0];
+      expect(referenceToken.offset, 12);
+      expect(referenceToken.lexeme, 'a');
+    }
+    {
+      CommentReference reference = references[1];
+      expect(reference, isNotNull);
+      expect(reference.identifier, isNotNull);
+      expect(reference.offset, 20);
+      // the reference is recorded in the comment token
+      Token referenceToken = tokenReferences[1];
+      expect(referenceToken.offset, 20);
+      expect(referenceToken.lexeme, 'bb');
+    }
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCommentReferences_notClosed_noIdentifier() {
+    List<DocumentationCommentToken> tokens = <DocumentationCommentToken>[
+      new DocumentationCommentToken(
+          TokenType.MULTI_LINE_COMMENT, "/** [ some text", 5)
+    ];
+    List<CommentReference> references =
+        parse("parseCommentReferences", <Object>[tokens], "");
+    expect(references, hasLength(1));
+    CommentReference reference = references[0];
+    expect(reference, isNotNull);
+    expect(reference.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(reference.identifier.isSynthetic, isTrue);
+    expect(reference.identifier.name, "");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCommentReferences_notClosed_withIdentifier() {
+    List<DocumentationCommentToken> tokens = <DocumentationCommentToken>[
+      new DocumentationCommentToken(
+          TokenType.MULTI_LINE_COMMENT, "/** [namePrefix some text", 5)
+    ];
+    List<CommentReference> references =
+        parse("parseCommentReferences", <Object>[tokens], "");
+    expect(references, hasLength(1));
+    CommentReference reference = references[0];
+    expect(reference, isNotNull);
+    expect(reference.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(reference.identifier.isSynthetic, isFalse);
+    expect(reference.identifier.name, "namePrefix");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCommentReferences_singleLine() {
+    List<DocumentationCommentToken> tokens = <DocumentationCommentToken>[
+      new DocumentationCommentToken(
+          TokenType.SINGLE_LINE_COMMENT, "/// xxx [a] yyy [b] zzz", 3),
+      new DocumentationCommentToken(
+          TokenType.SINGLE_LINE_COMMENT, "/// x [c]", 28)
+    ];
+    List<CommentReference> references =
+        parse("parseCommentReferences", <Object>[tokens], "");
+    expect(references, hasLength(3));
+    CommentReference reference = references[0];
+    expect(reference, isNotNull);
+    expect(reference.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(reference.offset, 12);
+    reference = references[1];
+    expect(reference, isNotNull);
+    expect(reference.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(reference.offset, 20);
+    reference = references[2];
+    expect(reference, isNotNull);
+    expect(reference.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(reference.offset, 35);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCommentReferences_skipCodeBlock_bracketed() {
+    List<DocumentationCommentToken> tokens = <DocumentationCommentToken>[
+      new DocumentationCommentToken(
+          TokenType.MULTI_LINE_COMMENT, "/** [:xxx [a] yyy:] [b] zzz */", 3)
+    ];
+    List<CommentReference> references =
+        parse("parseCommentReferences", <Object>[tokens], "");
+    expect(references, hasLength(1));
+    CommentReference reference = references[0];
+    expect(reference, isNotNull);
+    expect(reference.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(reference.offset, 24);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCommentReferences_skipCodeBlock_spaces() {
+    List<DocumentationCommentToken> tokens = <DocumentationCommentToken>[
+      new DocumentationCommentToken(TokenType.MULTI_LINE_COMMENT,
+          "/**\n *     a[i]\n * xxx [i] zzz\n */", 3)
+    ];
+    List<CommentReference> references =
+        parse("parseCommentReferences", <Object>[tokens], "");
+    expect(references, hasLength(1));
+    CommentReference reference = references[0];
+    expect(reference, isNotNull);
+    expect(reference.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(reference.offset, 27);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCommentReferences_skipLinkDefinition() {
+    List<DocumentationCommentToken> tokens = <DocumentationCommentToken>[
+      new DocumentationCommentToken(TokenType.MULTI_LINE_COMMENT,
+          "/** [a]: http://www.google.com (Google) [b] zzz */", 3)
+    ];
+    List<CommentReference> references =
+        parse("parseCommentReferences", <Object>[tokens], "");
+    expect(references, hasLength(1));
+    CommentReference reference = references[0];
+    expect(reference, isNotNull);
+    expect(reference.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(reference.offset, 44);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCommentReferences_skipLinked() {
+    List<DocumentationCommentToken> tokens = <DocumentationCommentToken>[
+      new DocumentationCommentToken(TokenType.MULTI_LINE_COMMENT,
+          "/** [a](http://www.google.com) [b] zzz */", 3)
+    ];
+    List<CommentReference> references =
+        parse("parseCommentReferences", <Object>[tokens], "");
+    expect(references, hasLength(1));
+    CommentReference reference = references[0];
+    expect(reference, isNotNull);
+    expect(reference.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(reference.offset, 35);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCommentReferences_skipReferenceLink() {
+    List<DocumentationCommentToken> tokens = <DocumentationCommentToken>[
+      new DocumentationCommentToken(
+          TokenType.MULTI_LINE_COMMENT, "/** [a][c] [b] zzz */", 3)
+    ];
+    List<CommentReference> references =
+        parse("parseCommentReferences", <Object>[tokens], "");
+    expect(references, hasLength(1));
+    CommentReference reference = references[0];
+    expect(reference, isNotNull);
+    expect(reference.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(reference.offset, 15);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnit_abstractAsPrefix_parameterized() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = parse4("parseCompilationUnit",
+        "abstract<dynamic> _abstract = new abstract.A();");
+    expect(unit.scriptTag, isNull);
+    expect(unit.directives, hasLength(0));
+    expect(unit.declarations, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnit_builtIn_asFunctionName() {
+    parse4("parseCompilationUnit", "abstract(x) => 0;");
+    parse4("parseCompilationUnit", "as(x) => 0;");
+    parse4("parseCompilationUnit", "dynamic(x) => 0;");
+    parse4("parseCompilationUnit", "export(x) => 0;");
+    parse4("parseCompilationUnit", "external(x) => 0;");
+    parse4("parseCompilationUnit", "factory(x) => 0;");
+    parse4("parseCompilationUnit", "get(x) => 0;");
+    parse4("parseCompilationUnit", "implements(x) => 0;");
+    parse4("parseCompilationUnit", "import(x) => 0;");
+    parse4("parseCompilationUnit", "library(x) => 0;");
+    parse4("parseCompilationUnit", "operator(x) => 0;");
+    parse4("parseCompilationUnit", "part(x) => 0;");
+    parse4("parseCompilationUnit", "set(x) => 0;");
+    parse4("parseCompilationUnit", "static(x) => 0;");
+    parse4("parseCompilationUnit", "typedef(x) => 0;");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnit_directives_multiple() {
+    CompilationUnit unit =
+        parse4("parseCompilationUnit", "library l;\npart 'a.dart';");
+    expect(unit.scriptTag, isNull);
+    expect(unit.directives, hasLength(2));
+    expect(unit.declarations, hasLength(0));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnit_directives_single() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = parse4("parseCompilationUnit", "library l;");
+    expect(unit.scriptTag, isNull);
+    expect(unit.directives, hasLength(1));
+    expect(unit.declarations, hasLength(0));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnit_empty() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = parse4("parseCompilationUnit", "");
+    expect(unit.scriptTag, isNull);
+    expect(unit.directives, hasLength(0));
+    expect(unit.declarations, hasLength(0));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnit_exportAsPrefix() {
+    CompilationUnit unit =
+        parse4("parseCompilationUnit", "export.A _export = new export.A();");
+    expect(unit.scriptTag, isNull);
+    expect(unit.directives, hasLength(0));
+    expect(unit.declarations, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnit_exportAsPrefix_parameterized() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = parse4(
+        "parseCompilationUnit", "export<dynamic> _export = new export.A();");
+    expect(unit.scriptTag, isNull);
+    expect(unit.directives, hasLength(0));
+    expect(unit.declarations, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnit_operatorAsPrefix_parameterized() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = parse4("parseCompilationUnit",
+        "operator<dynamic> _operator = new operator.A();");
+    expect(unit.scriptTag, isNull);
+    expect(unit.directives, hasLength(0));
+    expect(unit.declarations, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnit_script() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = parse4("parseCompilationUnit", "#! /bin/dart");
+    expect(unit.scriptTag, isNotNull);
+    expect(unit.directives, hasLength(0));
+    expect(unit.declarations, hasLength(0));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnit_skipFunctionBody_withInterpolation() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseFunctionBodies = false;
+    CompilationUnit unit = parse4("parseCompilationUnit", "f() { '\${n}'; }");
+    expect(unit.scriptTag, isNull);
+    expect(unit.declarations, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnit_topLevelDeclaration() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = parse4("parseCompilationUnit", "class A {}");
+    expect(unit.scriptTag, isNull);
+    expect(unit.directives, hasLength(0));
+    expect(unit.declarations, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnit_typedefAsPrefix() {
+    CompilationUnit unit =
+        parse4("parseCompilationUnit", "typedef.A _typedef = new typedef.A();");
+    expect(unit.scriptTag, isNull);
+    expect(unit.directives, hasLength(0));
+    expect(unit.declarations, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_abstractAsPrefix() {
+    TopLevelVariableDeclaration declaration = parse(
+        "parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "abstract.A _abstract = new abstract.A();");
+    expect(declaration.semicolon, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.variables, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_class() {
+    ClassDeclaration declaration = parse("parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "class A {}");
+    expect(declaration.name.name, "A");
+    expect(declaration.members, hasLength(0));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_classTypeAlias() {
+    ClassTypeAlias alias = parse("parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "abstract class A = B with C;");
+    expect(alias.name.name, "A");
+    expect(alias.abstractKeyword, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_constVariable() {
+    TopLevelVariableDeclaration declaration = parse(
+        "parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "const int x = 0;");
+    expect(declaration.semicolon, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.variables, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_finalVariable() {
+    TopLevelVariableDeclaration declaration = parse(
+        "parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "final x = 0;");
+    expect(declaration.semicolon, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.variables, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_function_external_noType() {
+    FunctionDeclaration declaration = parse("parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "external f();");
+    expect(declaration.externalKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.functionExpression, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.propertyKeyword, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_function_external_type() {
+    FunctionDeclaration declaration = parse("parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "external int f();");
+    expect(declaration.externalKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.functionExpression, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.propertyKeyword, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_function_noType() {
+    FunctionDeclaration declaration = parse("parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "f() {}");
+    expect(declaration.functionExpression, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.propertyKeyword, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_function_type() {
+    FunctionDeclaration declaration = parse("parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "int f() {}");
+    expect(declaration.functionExpression, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.propertyKeyword, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_function_void() {
+    FunctionDeclaration declaration = parse("parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "void f() {}");
+    expect(declaration.returnType, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_getter_external_noType() {
+    FunctionDeclaration declaration = parse("parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "external get p;");
+    expect(declaration.externalKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.functionExpression, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.propertyKeyword, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_getter_external_type() {
+    FunctionDeclaration declaration = parse("parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "external int get p;");
+    expect(declaration.externalKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.functionExpression, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.propertyKeyword, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_getter_noType() {
+    FunctionDeclaration declaration = parse("parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "get p => 0;");
+    expect(declaration.functionExpression, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.propertyKeyword, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_getter_type() {
+    FunctionDeclaration declaration = parse("parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "int get p => 0;");
+    expect(declaration.functionExpression, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.propertyKeyword, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_setter_external_noType() {
+    FunctionDeclaration declaration = parse("parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "external set p(v);");
+    expect(declaration.externalKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.functionExpression, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.propertyKeyword, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_setter_external_type() {
+    FunctionDeclaration declaration = parse("parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "external void set p(int v);");
+    expect(declaration.externalKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.functionExpression, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.propertyKeyword, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_setter_noType() {
+    FunctionDeclaration declaration = parse("parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "set p(v) {}");
+    expect(declaration.functionExpression, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.propertyKeyword, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_setter_type() {
+    FunctionDeclaration declaration = parse("parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "void set p(int v) {}");
+    expect(declaration.functionExpression, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.propertyKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.returnType, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_typeAlias_abstract() {
+    ClassTypeAlias typeAlias = parse("parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "abstract class C = S with M;");
+    expect(typeAlias.typedefKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.name.name, "C");
+    expect(typeAlias.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.equals, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.abstractKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.superclass.name.name, "S");
+    expect(typeAlias.withClause, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.implementsClause, isNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_typeAlias_generic() {
+    ClassTypeAlias typeAlias = parse(
+        "parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "class C<E> = S<E> with M<E> implements I<E>;");
+    expect(typeAlias.typedefKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.name.name, "C");
+    expect(typeAlias.typeParameters.typeParameters, hasLength(1));
+    expect(typeAlias.equals, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.abstractKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.superclass.name.name, "S");
+    expect(typeAlias.withClause, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.implementsClause, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_typeAlias_implements() {
+    ClassTypeAlias typeAlias = parse(
+        "parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "class C = S with M implements I;");
+    expect(typeAlias.typedefKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.name.name, "C");
+    expect(typeAlias.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.equals, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.abstractKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.superclass.name.name, "S");
+    expect(typeAlias.withClause, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.implementsClause, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_typeAlias_noImplements() {
+    ClassTypeAlias typeAlias = parse("parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "class C = S with M;");
+    expect(typeAlias.typedefKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.name.name, "C");
+    expect(typeAlias.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.equals, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.abstractKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.superclass.name.name, "S");
+    expect(typeAlias.withClause, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.implementsClause, isNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_typedef() {
+    FunctionTypeAlias typeAlias = parse("parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "typedef F();");
+    expect(typeAlias.name.name, "F");
+    expect(typeAlias.parameters.parameters, hasLength(0));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_variable() {
+    TopLevelVariableDeclaration declaration = parse(
+        "parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "var x = 0;");
+    expect(declaration.semicolon, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.variables, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_variableGet() {
+    TopLevelVariableDeclaration declaration = parse(
+        "parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "String get = null;");
+    expect(declaration.semicolon, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.variables, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseCompilationUnitMember_variableSet() {
+    TopLevelVariableDeclaration declaration = parse(
+        "parseCompilationUnitMember",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "String set = null;");
+    expect(declaration.semicolon, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.variables, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseConditionalExpression() {
+    ConditionalExpression expression =
+        parse4("parseConditionalExpression", "x ? y : z");
+    expect(expression.condition, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.question, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.thenExpression, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.colon, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.elseExpression, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseConstExpression_instanceCreation() {
+    InstanceCreationExpression expression =
+        parse4("parseConstExpression", "const A()");
+    expect(expression.keyword, isNotNull);
+    ConstructorName name = expression.constructorName;
+    expect(name, isNotNull);
+    expect(name.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(name.period, isNull);
+    expect(name.name, isNull);
+    expect(expression.argumentList, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseConstExpression_listLiteral_typed() {
+    ListLiteral literal = parse4("parseConstExpression", "const <A> []");
+    expect(literal.constKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.typeArguments, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.elements, hasLength(0));
+    expect(literal.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseConstExpression_listLiteral_untyped() {
+    ListLiteral literal = parse4("parseConstExpression", "const []");
+    expect(literal.constKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.typeArguments, isNull);
+    expect(literal.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.elements, hasLength(0));
+    expect(literal.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseConstExpression_mapLiteral_typed() {
+    MapLiteral literal = parse4("parseConstExpression", "const <A, B> {}");
+    expect(literal.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.entries, hasLength(0));
+    expect(literal.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.typeArguments, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseConstExpression_mapLiteral_untyped() {
+    MapLiteral literal = parse4("parseConstExpression", "const {}");
+    expect(literal.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.entries, hasLength(0));
+    expect(literal.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.typeArguments, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseConstructor() {
+    // TODO(brianwilkerson) Implement tests for this method.
+//    parse("parseConstructor", new Class[] {Parser.CommentAndMetadata.class,
+//        Token.class, Token.class, SimpleIdentifier.class, Token.class,
+//        SimpleIdentifier.class, FormalParameterList.class}, new Object[] {emptyCommentAndMetadata(),
+//        null, null, null, null, null, null}, "");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseConstructor_with_pseudo_function_literal() {
+    // "(b) {}" should not be misinterpreted as a function literal even though
+    // it looks like one.
+    ClassMember classMember =
+        parse("parseClassMember", <Object>["C"], "C() : a = (b) {}");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is ConstructorDeclaration,
+        ConstructorDeclaration, classMember);
+    ConstructorDeclaration constructor = classMember as ConstructorDeclaration;
+    NodeList<ConstructorInitializer> initializers = constructor.initializers;
+    expect(initializers, hasLength(1));
+    ConstructorInitializer initializer = initializers[0];
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is ConstructorFieldInitializer,
+        ConstructorFieldInitializer, initializer);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is ParenthesizedExpression,
+        ParenthesizedExpression,
+        (initializer as ConstructorFieldInitializer).expression);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is BlockFunctionBody, BlockFunctionBody, constructor.body);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseConstructorFieldInitializer_qualified() {
+    ConstructorFieldInitializer invocation =
+        parse4("parseConstructorFieldInitializer", "this.a = b");
+    expect(invocation.equals, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.expression, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.fieldName, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.thisKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.period, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseConstructorFieldInitializer_unqualified() {
+    ConstructorFieldInitializer invocation =
+        parse4("parseConstructorFieldInitializer", "a = b");
+    expect(invocation.equals, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.expression, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.fieldName, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.thisKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(invocation.period, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseConstructorName_named_noPrefix() {
+    ConstructorName name = parse4("parseConstructorName", "A.n;");
+    expect(name.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(name.period, isNull);
+    expect(name.name, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseConstructorName_named_prefixed() {
+    ConstructorName name = parse4("parseConstructorName", "p.A.n;");
+    expect(name.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(name.period, isNotNull);
+    expect(name.name, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseConstructorName_unnamed_noPrefix() {
+    ConstructorName name = parse4("parseConstructorName", "A;");
+    expect(name.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(name.period, isNull);
+    expect(name.name, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseConstructorName_unnamed_prefixed() {
+    ConstructorName name = parse4("parseConstructorName", "p.A;");
+    expect(name.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(name.period, isNull);
+    expect(name.name, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseContinueStatement_label() {
+    ContinueStatement statement = parse4("parseContinueStatement",
+        "continue foo;", [ParserErrorCode.CONTINUE_OUTSIDE_OF_LOOP]);
+    expect(statement.continueKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.label, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseContinueStatement_noLabel() {
+    ContinueStatement statement = parse4("parseContinueStatement", "continue;",
+        [ParserErrorCode.CONTINUE_OUTSIDE_OF_LOOP]);
+    expect(statement.continueKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.label, isNull);
+    expect(statement.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseDirective_export() {
+    ExportDirective directive = parse("parseDirective",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "export 'lib/lib.dart';");
+    expect(directive.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.uri, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.combinators, hasLength(0));
+    expect(directive.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseDirective_import() {
+    ImportDirective directive = parse("parseDirective",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "import 'lib/lib.dart';");
+    expect(directive.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.uri, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.asKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(directive.prefix, isNull);
+    expect(directive.combinators, hasLength(0));
+    expect(directive.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseDirective_library() {
+    LibraryDirective directive = parse(
+        "parseDirective", <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "library l;");
+    expect(directive.libraryKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseDirective_part() {
+    PartDirective directive = parse("parseDirective",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "part 'lib/lib.dart';");
+    expect(directive.partKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.uri, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseDirective_partOf() {
+    PartOfDirective directive = parse(
+        "parseDirective", <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "part of l;");
+    expect(directive.partKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.ofKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.libraryName, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseDirectives_complete() {
+    CompilationUnit unit =
+        _parseDirectives("#! /bin/dart\nlibrary l;\nclass A {}");
+    expect(unit.scriptTag, isNotNull);
+    expect(unit.directives, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseDirectives_empty() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = _parseDirectives("");
+    expect(unit.scriptTag, isNull);
+    expect(unit.directives, hasLength(0));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseDirectives_mixed() {
+    CompilationUnit unit =
+        _parseDirectives("library l; class A {} part 'foo.dart';");
+    expect(unit.scriptTag, isNull);
+    expect(unit.directives, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseDirectives_multiple() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = _parseDirectives("library l;\npart 'a.dart';");
+    expect(unit.scriptTag, isNull);
+    expect(unit.directives, hasLength(2));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseDirectives_script() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = _parseDirectives("#! /bin/dart");
+    expect(unit.scriptTag, isNotNull);
+    expect(unit.directives, hasLength(0));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseDirectives_single() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = _parseDirectives("library l;");
+    expect(unit.scriptTag, isNull);
+    expect(unit.directives, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseDirectives_topLevelDeclaration() {
+    CompilationUnit unit = _parseDirectives("class A {}");
+    expect(unit.scriptTag, isNull);
+    expect(unit.directives, hasLength(0));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseDocumentationComment_block() {
+    Comment comment = parse4("parseDocumentationComment", "/** */ class");
+    expect(comment.isBlock, isFalse);
+    expect(comment.isDocumentation, isTrue);
+    expect(comment.isEndOfLine, isFalse);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseDocumentationComment_block_withReference() {
+    Comment comment = parse4("parseDocumentationComment", "/** [a] */ class");
+    expect(comment.isBlock, isFalse);
+    expect(comment.isDocumentation, isTrue);
+    expect(comment.isEndOfLine, isFalse);
+    NodeList<CommentReference> references = comment.references;
+    expect(references, hasLength(1));
+    CommentReference reference = references[0];
+    expect(reference, isNotNull);
+    expect(reference.offset, 5);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseDocumentationComment_endOfLine() {
+    Comment comment = parse4("parseDocumentationComment", "/// \n/// \n class");
+    expect(comment.isBlock, isFalse);
+    expect(comment.isDocumentation, isTrue);
+    expect(comment.isEndOfLine, isFalse);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseDoStatement() {
+    DoStatement statement = parse4("parseDoStatement", "do {} while (x);");
+    expect(statement.doKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.whileKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.condition, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseEmptyStatement() {
+    EmptyStatement statement = parse4("parseEmptyStatement", ";");
+    expect(statement.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseEnumDeclaration_one() {
+    EnumDeclaration declaration = parse("parseEnumDeclaration",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "enum E {ONE}");
+    expect(declaration.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.enumKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.constants, hasLength(1));
+    expect(declaration.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseEnumDeclaration_trailingComma() {
+    EnumDeclaration declaration = parse("parseEnumDeclaration",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "enum E {ONE,}");
+    expect(declaration.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.enumKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.constants, hasLength(1));
+    expect(declaration.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseEnumDeclaration_two() {
+    EnumDeclaration declaration = parse("parseEnumDeclaration",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "enum E {ONE, TWO}");
+    expect(declaration.documentationComment, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.enumKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.constants, hasLength(2));
+    expect(declaration.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseEqualityExpression_normal() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parse4("parseEqualityExpression", "x == y");
+    expect(expression.leftOperand, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.EQ_EQ);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseEqualityExpression_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parse4("parseEqualityExpression", "super == y");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SuperExpression,
+        SuperExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.EQ_EQ);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseExportDirective_hide() {
+    ExportDirective directive = parse(
+        "parseExportDirective",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "export 'lib/lib.dart' hide A, B;");
+    expect(directive.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.uri, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.combinators, hasLength(1));
+    expect(directive.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseExportDirective_hide_show() {
+    ExportDirective directive = parse(
+        "parseExportDirective",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "export 'lib/lib.dart' hide A show B;");
+    expect(directive.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.uri, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.combinators, hasLength(2));
+    expect(directive.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseExportDirective_noCombinator() {
+    ExportDirective directive = parse("parseExportDirective",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "export 'lib/lib.dart';");
+    expect(directive.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.uri, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.combinators, hasLength(0));
+    expect(directive.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseExportDirective_show() {
+    ExportDirective directive = parse(
+        "parseExportDirective",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "export 'lib/lib.dart' show A, B;");
+    expect(directive.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.uri, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.combinators, hasLength(1));
+    expect(directive.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseExportDirective_show_hide() {
+    ExportDirective directive = parse(
+        "parseExportDirective",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "export 'lib/lib.dart' show B hide A;");
+    expect(directive.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.uri, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.combinators, hasLength(2));
+    expect(directive.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseExpression_assign() {
+    // TODO(brianwilkerson) Implement more tests for this method.
+    AssignmentExpression expression = parse4("parseExpression", "x = y");
+    expect(expression.leftHandSide, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.EQ);
+    expect(expression.rightHandSide, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseExpression_comparison() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parse4("parseExpression", "--a.b == c");
+    expect(expression.leftOperand, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.EQ_EQ);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseExpression_function_async() {
+    FunctionExpression expression = parseExpression("() async {}");
+    expect(expression.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.body.isAsynchronous, isTrue);
+    expect(expression.body.isGenerator, isFalse);
+    expect(expression.parameters, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseExpression_function_asyncStar() {
+    FunctionExpression expression = parseExpression("() async* {}");
+    expect(expression.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.body.isAsynchronous, isTrue);
+    expect(expression.body.isGenerator, isTrue);
+    expect(expression.parameters, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseExpression_function_sync() {
+    FunctionExpression expression = parseExpression("() {}");
+    expect(expression.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.body.isAsynchronous, isFalse);
+    expect(expression.body.isGenerator, isFalse);
+    expect(expression.parameters, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseExpression_function_syncStar() {
+    FunctionExpression expression = parseExpression("() sync* {}");
+    expect(expression.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.body.isAsynchronous, isFalse);
+    expect(expression.body.isGenerator, isTrue);
+    expect(expression.parameters, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseExpression_invokeFunctionExpression() {
+    FunctionExpressionInvocation invocation =
+        parse4("parseExpression", "(a) {return a + a;} (3)");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is FunctionExpression,
+        FunctionExpression, invocation.function);
+    FunctionExpression expression = invocation.function as FunctionExpression;
+    expect(expression.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.typeArguments, isNull);
+    ArgumentList list = invocation.argumentList;
+    expect(list, isNotNull);
+    expect(list.arguments, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseExpression_nonAwait() {
+    MethodInvocation expression = parseExpression("await()");
+    expect(expression.methodName.name, 'await');
+    expect(expression.typeArguments, isNull);
+    expect(expression.argumentList, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseExpression_superMethodInvocation() {
+    MethodInvocation invocation = parse4("parseExpression", "super.m()");
+    expect(invocation.target, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.methodName, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.typeArguments, isNull);
+    expect(invocation.argumentList, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseExpression_superMethodInvocation_typeArguments() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    MethodInvocation invocation = parse4("parseExpression", "super.m<E>()");
+    expect(invocation.target, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.methodName, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.typeArguments, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.argumentList, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseExpressionList_multiple() {
+    List<Expression> result = parse4("parseExpressionList", "1, 2, 3");
+    expect(result, hasLength(3));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseExpressionList_single() {
+    List<Expression> result = parse4("parseExpressionList", "1");
+    expect(result, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseExpressionWithoutCascade_assign() {
+    // TODO(brianwilkerson) Implement more tests for this method.
+    AssignmentExpression expression =
+        parse4("parseExpressionWithoutCascade", "x = y");
+    expect(expression.leftHandSide, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.EQ);
+    expect(expression.rightHandSide, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseExpressionWithoutCascade_comparison() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parse4("parseExpressionWithoutCascade", "--a.b == c");
+    expect(expression.leftOperand, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.EQ_EQ);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseExpressionWithoutCascade_superMethodInvocation() {
+    MethodInvocation invocation =
+        parse4("parseExpressionWithoutCascade", "super.m()");
+    expect(invocation.target, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.methodName, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.typeArguments, isNull);
+    expect(invocation.argumentList, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseExpressionWithoutCascade_superMethodInvocation_typeArguments() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    MethodInvocation invocation =
+        parse4("parseExpressionWithoutCascade", "super.m<E>()");
+    expect(invocation.target, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.methodName, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.typeArguments, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.argumentList, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseExtendsClause() {
+    ExtendsClause clause = parse4("parseExtendsClause", "extends B");
+    expect(clause.extendsKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(clause.superclass, isNotNull);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is TypeName, TypeName, clause.superclass);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFinalConstVarOrType_const_noType() {
+    FinalConstVarOrType result =
+        parse("parseFinalConstVarOrType", <Object>[false], "const");
+    Token keyword = result.keyword;
+    expect(keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(keyword.type, TokenType.KEYWORD);
+    expect((keyword as KeywordToken).keyword, Keyword.CONST);
+    expect(result.type, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFinalConstVarOrType_const_type() {
+    FinalConstVarOrType result =
+        parse("parseFinalConstVarOrType", <Object>[false], "const A a");
+    Token keyword = result.keyword;
+    expect(keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(keyword.type, TokenType.KEYWORD);
+    expect((keyword as KeywordToken).keyword, Keyword.CONST);
+    expect(result.type, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFinalConstVarOrType_final_noType() {
+    FinalConstVarOrType result =
+        parse("parseFinalConstVarOrType", <Object>[false], "final");
+    Token keyword = result.keyword;
+    expect(keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(keyword.type, TokenType.KEYWORD);
+    expect((keyword as KeywordToken).keyword, Keyword.FINAL);
+    expect(result.type, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFinalConstVarOrType_final_prefixedType() {
+    FinalConstVarOrType result =
+        parse("parseFinalConstVarOrType", <Object>[false], "final p.A a");
+    Token keyword = result.keyword;
+    expect(keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(keyword.type, TokenType.KEYWORD);
+    expect((keyword as KeywordToken).keyword, Keyword.FINAL);
+    expect(result.type, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFinalConstVarOrType_final_type() {
+    FinalConstVarOrType result =
+        parse("parseFinalConstVarOrType", <Object>[false], "final A a");
+    Token keyword = result.keyword;
+    expect(keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(keyword.type, TokenType.KEYWORD);
+    expect((keyword as KeywordToken).keyword, Keyword.FINAL);
+    expect(result.type, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFinalConstVarOrType_type_parameterized() {
+    FinalConstVarOrType result =
+        parse("parseFinalConstVarOrType", <Object>[false], "A<B> a");
+    expect(result.keyword, isNull);
+    expect(result.type, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFinalConstVarOrType_type_prefixed() {
+    FinalConstVarOrType result =
+        parse("parseFinalConstVarOrType", <Object>[false], "p.A a");
+    expect(result.keyword, isNull);
+    expect(result.type, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFinalConstVarOrType_type_prefixed_noIdentifier() {
+    FinalConstVarOrType result =
+        parse("parseFinalConstVarOrType", <Object>[false], "p.A,");
+    expect(result.keyword, isNull);
+    expect(result.type, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFinalConstVarOrType_type_prefixedAndParameterized() {
+    FinalConstVarOrType result =
+        parse("parseFinalConstVarOrType", <Object>[false], "p.A<B> a");
+    expect(result.keyword, isNull);
+    expect(result.type, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFinalConstVarOrType_type_simple() {
+    FinalConstVarOrType result =
+        parse("parseFinalConstVarOrType", <Object>[false], "A a");
+    expect(result.keyword, isNull);
+    expect(result.type, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFinalConstVarOrType_var() {
+    FinalConstVarOrType result =
+        parse("parseFinalConstVarOrType", <Object>[false], "var");
+    Token keyword = result.keyword;
+    expect(keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(keyword.type, TokenType.KEYWORD);
+    expect((keyword as KeywordToken).keyword, Keyword.VAR);
+    expect(result.type, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFinalConstVarOrType_void() {
+    FinalConstVarOrType result =
+        parse("parseFinalConstVarOrType", <Object>[false], "void f()");
+    expect(result.keyword, isNull);
+    expect(result.type, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFinalConstVarOrType_void_noIdentifier() {
+    FinalConstVarOrType result =
+        parse("parseFinalConstVarOrType", <Object>[false], "void,");
+    expect(result.keyword, isNull);
+    expect(result.type, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFormalParameter_final_withType_named() {
+    ParameterKind kind = ParameterKind.NAMED;
+    DefaultFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse("parseFormalParameter", <Object>[kind], "final A a : null");
+    SimpleFormalParameter simpleParameter =
+        parameter.parameter as SimpleFormalParameter;
+    expect(simpleParameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(simpleParameter.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(simpleParameter.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(simpleParameter.kind, kind);
+    expect(parameter.separator, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.defaultValue, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.kind, kind);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFormalParameter_final_withType_normal() {
+    ParameterKind kind = ParameterKind.REQUIRED;
+    SimpleFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse("parseFormalParameter", <Object>[kind], "final A a");
+    expect(parameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.kind, kind);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFormalParameter_final_withType_positional() {
+    ParameterKind kind = ParameterKind.POSITIONAL;
+    DefaultFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse("parseFormalParameter", <Object>[kind], "final A a = null");
+    SimpleFormalParameter simpleParameter =
+        parameter.parameter as SimpleFormalParameter;
+    expect(simpleParameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(simpleParameter.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(simpleParameter.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(simpleParameter.kind, kind);
+    expect(parameter.separator, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.defaultValue, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.kind, kind);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFormalParameter_nonFinal_withType_named() {
+    ParameterKind kind = ParameterKind.NAMED;
+    DefaultFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse("parseFormalParameter", <Object>[kind], "A a : null");
+    SimpleFormalParameter simpleParameter =
+        parameter.parameter as SimpleFormalParameter;
+    expect(simpleParameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(simpleParameter.keyword, isNull);
+    expect(simpleParameter.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(simpleParameter.kind, kind);
+    expect(parameter.separator, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.defaultValue, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.kind, kind);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFormalParameter_nonFinal_withType_normal() {
+    ParameterKind kind = ParameterKind.REQUIRED;
+    SimpleFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse("parseFormalParameter", <Object>[kind], "A a");
+    expect(parameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.keyword, isNull);
+    expect(parameter.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.kind, kind);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFormalParameter_nonFinal_withType_positional() {
+    ParameterKind kind = ParameterKind.POSITIONAL;
+    DefaultFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse("parseFormalParameter", <Object>[kind], "A a = null");
+    SimpleFormalParameter simpleParameter =
+        parameter.parameter as SimpleFormalParameter;
+    expect(simpleParameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(simpleParameter.keyword, isNull);
+    expect(simpleParameter.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(simpleParameter.kind, kind);
+    expect(parameter.separator, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.defaultValue, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.kind, kind);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFormalParameter_var() {
+    ParameterKind kind = ParameterKind.REQUIRED;
+    SimpleFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse("parseFormalParameter", <Object>[kind], "var a");
+    expect(parameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.type, isNull);
+    expect(parameter.kind, kind);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFormalParameter_var_named() {
+    ParameterKind kind = ParameterKind.NAMED;
+    DefaultFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse("parseFormalParameter", <Object>[kind], "var a : null");
+    SimpleFormalParameter simpleParameter =
+        parameter.parameter as SimpleFormalParameter;
+    expect(simpleParameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(simpleParameter.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(simpleParameter.type, isNull);
+    expect(simpleParameter.kind, kind);
+    expect(parameter.separator, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.defaultValue, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.kind, kind);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFormalParameter_var_positional() {
+    ParameterKind kind = ParameterKind.POSITIONAL;
+    DefaultFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse("parseFormalParameter", <Object>[kind], "var a = null");
+    SimpleFormalParameter simpleParameter =
+        parameter.parameter as SimpleFormalParameter;
+    expect(simpleParameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(simpleParameter.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(simpleParameter.type, isNull);
+    expect(simpleParameter.kind, kind);
+    expect(parameter.separator, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.defaultValue, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.kind, kind);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFormalParameterList_empty() {
+    FormalParameterList parameterList =
+        parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "()");
+    expect(parameterList.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.leftDelimiter, isNull);
+    expect(parameterList.parameters, hasLength(0));
+    expect(parameterList.rightDelimiter, isNull);
+    expect(parameterList.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFormalParameterList_named_multiple() {
+    FormalParameterList parameterList =
+        parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "({A a : 1, B b, C c : 3})");
+    expect(parameterList.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.leftDelimiter, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.parameters, hasLength(3));
+    expect(parameterList.rightDelimiter, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFormalParameterList_named_single() {
+    FormalParameterList parameterList =
+        parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "({A a})");
+    expect(parameterList.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.leftDelimiter, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.parameters, hasLength(1));
+    expect(parameterList.rightDelimiter, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFormalParameterList_normal_multiple() {
+    FormalParameterList parameterList =
+        parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "(A a, B b, C c)");
+    expect(parameterList.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.leftDelimiter, isNull);
+    expect(parameterList.parameters, hasLength(3));
+    expect(parameterList.rightDelimiter, isNull);
+    expect(parameterList.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFormalParameterList_normal_named() {
+    FormalParameterList parameterList =
+        parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "(A a, {B b})");
+    expect(parameterList.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.leftDelimiter, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.parameters, hasLength(2));
+    expect(parameterList.rightDelimiter, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFormalParameterList_normal_positional() {
+    FormalParameterList parameterList =
+        parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "(A a, [B b])");
+    expect(parameterList.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.leftDelimiter, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.parameters, hasLength(2));
+    expect(parameterList.rightDelimiter, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFormalParameterList_normal_single() {
+    FormalParameterList parameterList =
+        parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "(A a)");
+    expect(parameterList.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.leftDelimiter, isNull);
+    expect(parameterList.parameters, hasLength(1));
+    expect(parameterList.rightDelimiter, isNull);
+    expect(parameterList.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFormalParameterList_positional_multiple() {
+    FormalParameterList parameterList =
+        parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "([A a = null, B b, C c = null])");
+    expect(parameterList.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.leftDelimiter, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.parameters, hasLength(3));
+    expect(parameterList.rightDelimiter, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFormalParameterList_positional_single() {
+    FormalParameterList parameterList =
+        parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "([A a = null])");
+    expect(parameterList.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.leftDelimiter, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.parameters, hasLength(1));
+    expect(parameterList.rightDelimiter, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFormalParameterList_prefixedType() {
+    FormalParameterList parameterList =
+        parse4("parseFormalParameterList", "(io.File f)");
+    expect(parameterList.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.leftDelimiter, isNull);
+    expect(parameterList.parameters, hasLength(1));
+    expect(parameterList.parameters[0].toSource(), 'io.File f');
+    expect(parameterList.rightDelimiter, isNull);
+    expect(parameterList.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFormalParameterList_prefixedType_partial() {
+    FormalParameterList parameterList = parse4(
+        "parseFormalParameterList", "(io.)", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    expect(parameterList.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.leftDelimiter, isNull);
+    expect(parameterList.parameters, hasLength(1));
+    expect(parameterList.parameters[0].toSource(), 'io. ');
+    expect(parameterList.rightDelimiter, isNull);
+    expect(parameterList.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFormalParameterList_prefixedType_partial2() {
+    FormalParameterList parameterList = parse4(
+        "parseFormalParameterList", "(io.,a)", [
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER,
+      ParserErrorCode.MISSING_IDENTIFIER
+    ]);
+    expect(parameterList.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.leftDelimiter, isNull);
+    expect(parameterList.parameters, hasLength(2));
+    expect(parameterList.parameters[0].toSource(), 'io. ');
+    expect(parameterList.parameters[1].toSource(), 'a');
+    expect(parameterList.rightDelimiter, isNull);
+    expect(parameterList.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseForStatement_each_await() {
+    ForEachStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseForStatement", "await for (element in list) {}");
+    expect(statement.awaitKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.forKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.loopVariable, isNull);
+    expect(statement.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.inKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.iterable, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseForStatement_each_identifier() {
+    ForEachStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseForStatement", "for (element in list) {}");
+    expect(statement.awaitKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(statement.forKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.loopVariable, isNull);
+    expect(statement.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.inKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.iterable, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseForStatement_each_noType_metadata() {
+    ForEachStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseForStatement", "for (@A var element in list) {}");
+    expect(statement.awaitKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(statement.forKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.loopVariable, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.loopVariable.metadata, hasLength(1));
+    expect(statement.identifier, isNull);
+    expect(statement.inKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.iterable, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseForStatement_each_type() {
+    ForEachStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseForStatement", "for (A element in list) {}");
+    expect(statement.awaitKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(statement.forKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.loopVariable, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.identifier, isNull);
+    expect(statement.inKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.iterable, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseForStatement_each_var() {
+    ForEachStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseForStatement", "for (var element in list) {}");
+    expect(statement.awaitKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(statement.forKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.loopVariable, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.identifier, isNull);
+    expect(statement.inKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.iterable, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseForStatement_loop_c() {
+    ForStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseForStatement", "for (; i < count;) {}");
+    expect(statement.forKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.variables, isNull);
+    expect(statement.initialization, isNull);
+    expect(statement.leftSeparator, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.condition, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.rightSeparator, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.updaters, hasLength(0));
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseForStatement_loop_cu() {
+    ForStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseForStatement", "for (; i < count; i++) {}");
+    expect(statement.forKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.variables, isNull);
+    expect(statement.initialization, isNull);
+    expect(statement.leftSeparator, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.condition, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.rightSeparator, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.updaters, hasLength(1));
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseForStatement_loop_ecu() {
+    ForStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseForStatement", "for (i--; i < count; i++) {}");
+    expect(statement.forKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.variables, isNull);
+    expect(statement.initialization, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftSeparator, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.condition, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.rightSeparator, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.updaters, hasLength(1));
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseForStatement_loop_i() {
+    ForStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseForStatement", "for (var i = 0;;) {}");
+    expect(statement.forKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    VariableDeclarationList variables = statement.variables;
+    expect(variables, isNotNull);
+    expect(variables.metadata, hasLength(0));
+    expect(variables.variables, hasLength(1));
+    expect(statement.initialization, isNull);
+    expect(statement.leftSeparator, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.condition, isNull);
+    expect(statement.rightSeparator, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.updaters, hasLength(0));
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseForStatement_loop_i_withMetadata() {
+    ForStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseForStatement", "for (@A var i = 0;;) {}");
+    expect(statement.forKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    VariableDeclarationList variables = statement.variables;
+    expect(variables, isNotNull);
+    expect(variables.metadata, hasLength(1));
+    expect(variables.variables, hasLength(1));
+    expect(statement.initialization, isNull);
+    expect(statement.leftSeparator, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.condition, isNull);
+    expect(statement.rightSeparator, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.updaters, hasLength(0));
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseForStatement_loop_ic() {
+    ForStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseForStatement", "for (var i = 0; i < count;) {}");
+    expect(statement.forKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    VariableDeclarationList variables = statement.variables;
+    expect(variables, isNotNull);
+    expect(variables.variables, hasLength(1));
+    expect(statement.initialization, isNull);
+    expect(statement.leftSeparator, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.condition, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.rightSeparator, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.updaters, hasLength(0));
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseForStatement_loop_icu() {
+    ForStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseForStatement", "for (var i = 0; i < count; i++) {}");
+    expect(statement.forKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    VariableDeclarationList variables = statement.variables;
+    expect(variables, isNotNull);
+    expect(variables.variables, hasLength(1));
+    expect(statement.initialization, isNull);
+    expect(statement.leftSeparator, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.condition, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.rightSeparator, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.updaters, hasLength(1));
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseForStatement_loop_iicuu() {
+    ForStatement statement = parse4(
+        "parseForStatement", "for (int i = 0, j = count; i < j; i++, j--) {}");
+    expect(statement.forKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    VariableDeclarationList variables = statement.variables;
+    expect(variables, isNotNull);
+    expect(variables.variables, hasLength(2));
+    expect(statement.initialization, isNull);
+    expect(statement.leftSeparator, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.condition, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.rightSeparator, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.updaters, hasLength(2));
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseForStatement_loop_iu() {
+    ForStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseForStatement", "for (var i = 0;; i++) {}");
+    expect(statement.forKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    VariableDeclarationList variables = statement.variables;
+    expect(variables, isNotNull);
+    expect(variables.variables, hasLength(1));
+    expect(statement.initialization, isNull);
+    expect(statement.leftSeparator, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.condition, isNull);
+    expect(statement.rightSeparator, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.updaters, hasLength(1));
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseForStatement_loop_u() {
+    ForStatement statement = parse4("parseForStatement", "for (;; i++) {}");
+    expect(statement.forKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.variables, isNull);
+    expect(statement.initialization, isNull);
+    expect(statement.leftSeparator, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.condition, isNull);
+    expect(statement.rightSeparator, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.updaters, hasLength(1));
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFunctionBody_block() {
+    BlockFunctionBody functionBody =
+        parse("parseFunctionBody", <Object>[false, null, false], "{}");
+    expect(functionBody.keyword, isNull);
+    expect(functionBody.star, isNull);
+    expect(functionBody.block, isNotNull);
+    expect(functionBody.isAsynchronous, isFalse);
+    expect(functionBody.isGenerator, isFalse);
+    expect(functionBody.isSynchronous, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFunctionBody_block_async() {
+    BlockFunctionBody functionBody =
+        parse("parseFunctionBody", <Object>[false, null, false], "async {}");
+    expect(functionBody.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(functionBody.keyword.lexeme, Parser.ASYNC);
+    expect(functionBody.star, isNull);
+    expect(functionBody.block, isNotNull);
+    expect(functionBody.isAsynchronous, isTrue);
+    expect(functionBody.isGenerator, isFalse);
+    expect(functionBody.isSynchronous, isFalse);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFunctionBody_block_asyncGenerator() {
+    BlockFunctionBody functionBody =
+        parse("parseFunctionBody", <Object>[false, null, false], "async* {}");
+    expect(functionBody.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(functionBody.keyword.lexeme, Parser.ASYNC);
+    expect(functionBody.star, isNotNull);
+    expect(functionBody.block, isNotNull);
+    expect(functionBody.isAsynchronous, isTrue);
+    expect(functionBody.isGenerator, isTrue);
+    expect(functionBody.isSynchronous, isFalse);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFunctionBody_block_syncGenerator() {
+    BlockFunctionBody functionBody =
+        parse("parseFunctionBody", <Object>[false, null, false], "sync* {}");
+    expect(functionBody.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(functionBody.keyword.lexeme, Parser.SYNC);
+    expect(functionBody.star, isNotNull);
+    expect(functionBody.block, isNotNull);
+    expect(functionBody.isAsynchronous, isFalse);
+    expect(functionBody.isGenerator, isTrue);
+    expect(functionBody.isSynchronous, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFunctionBody_empty() {
+    EmptyFunctionBody functionBody =
+        parse("parseFunctionBody", <Object>[true, null, false], ";");
+    expect(functionBody.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFunctionBody_expression() {
+    ExpressionFunctionBody functionBody =
+        parse("parseFunctionBody", <Object>[false, null, false], "=> y;");
+    expect(functionBody.keyword, isNull);
+    expect(functionBody.functionDefinition, isNotNull);
+    expect(functionBody.expression, isNotNull);
+    expect(functionBody.semicolon, isNotNull);
+    expect(functionBody.isAsynchronous, isFalse);
+    expect(functionBody.isGenerator, isFalse);
+    expect(functionBody.isSynchronous, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFunctionBody_expression_async() {
+    ExpressionFunctionBody functionBody =
+        parse("parseFunctionBody", <Object>[false, null, false], "async => y;");
+    expect(functionBody.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(functionBody.keyword.lexeme, Parser.ASYNC);
+    expect(functionBody.functionDefinition, isNotNull);
+    expect(functionBody.expression, isNotNull);
+    expect(functionBody.semicolon, isNotNull);
+    expect(functionBody.isAsynchronous, isTrue);
+    expect(functionBody.isGenerator, isFalse);
+    expect(functionBody.isSynchronous, isFalse);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFunctionBody_nativeFunctionBody() {
+    NativeFunctionBody functionBody = parse(
+        "parseFunctionBody", <Object>[false, null, false], "native 'str';");
+    expect(functionBody.nativeKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(functionBody.stringLiteral, isNotNull);
+    expect(functionBody.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFunctionBody_skip_block() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseFunctionBodies = false;
+    FunctionBody functionBody =
+        parse("parseFunctionBody", <Object>[false, null, false], "{}");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is EmptyFunctionBody, EmptyFunctionBody, functionBody);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFunctionBody_skip_block_invalid() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseFunctionBodies = false;
+    FunctionBody functionBody = parse3("parseFunctionBody",
+        <Object>[false, null, false], "{", [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TOKEN]);
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is EmptyFunctionBody, EmptyFunctionBody, functionBody);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFunctionBody_skip_blocks() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseFunctionBodies = false;
+    FunctionBody functionBody =
+        parse("parseFunctionBody", <Object>[false, null, false], "{ {} }");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is EmptyFunctionBody, EmptyFunctionBody, functionBody);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFunctionBody_skip_expression() {
+    ParserTestCase.parseFunctionBodies = false;
+    FunctionBody functionBody =
+        parse("parseFunctionBody", <Object>[false, null, false], "=> y;");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is EmptyFunctionBody, EmptyFunctionBody, functionBody);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFunctionDeclaration_function() {
+    Comment comment = Comment.createDocumentationComment(new List<Token>(0));
+    TypeName returnType = new TypeName(new SimpleIdentifier(null), null);
+    FunctionDeclaration declaration = parse("parseFunctionDeclaration",
+        <Object>[commentAndMetadata(comment), null, returnType], "f() {}");
+    expect(declaration.documentationComment, comment);
+    expect(declaration.returnType, returnType);
+    expect(declaration.name, isNotNull);
+    FunctionExpression expression = declaration.functionExpression;
+    expect(expression, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(expression.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.propertyKeyword, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFunctionDeclaration_functionWithTypeParameters() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    Comment comment = Comment.createDocumentationComment(new List<Token>(0));
+    TypeName returnType = new TypeName(new SimpleIdentifier(null), null);
+    FunctionDeclaration declaration = parse("parseFunctionDeclaration",
+        <Object>[commentAndMetadata(comment), null, returnType], "f<E>() {}");
+    expect(declaration.documentationComment, comment);
+    expect(declaration.returnType, returnType);
+    expect(declaration.name, isNotNull);
+    FunctionExpression expression = declaration.functionExpression;
+    expect(expression, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.typeParameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.propertyKeyword, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFunctionDeclaration_getter() {
+    Comment comment = Comment.createDocumentationComment(new List<Token>(0));
+    TypeName returnType = new TypeName(new SimpleIdentifier(null), null);
+    FunctionDeclaration declaration = parse("parseFunctionDeclaration",
+        <Object>[commentAndMetadata(comment), null, returnType], "get p => 0;");
+    expect(declaration.documentationComment, comment);
+    expect(declaration.returnType, returnType);
+    expect(declaration.name, isNotNull);
+    FunctionExpression expression = declaration.functionExpression;
+    expect(expression, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(expression.parameters, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.propertyKeyword, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFunctionDeclaration_setter() {
+    Comment comment = Comment.createDocumentationComment(new List<Token>(0));
+    TypeName returnType = new TypeName(new SimpleIdentifier(null), null);
+    FunctionDeclaration declaration = parse("parseFunctionDeclaration",
+        <Object>[commentAndMetadata(comment), null, returnType], "set p(v) {}");
+    expect(declaration.documentationComment, comment);
+    expect(declaration.returnType, returnType);
+    expect(declaration.name, isNotNull);
+    FunctionExpression expression = declaration.functionExpression;
+    expect(expression, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(expression.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.propertyKeyword, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFunctionDeclarationStatement() {
+    FunctionDeclarationStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseFunctionDeclarationStatement", "void f(int p) => p * 2;");
+    expect(statement.functionDeclaration, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFunctionDeclarationStatement_typeParameters() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    FunctionDeclarationStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseFunctionDeclarationStatement", "E f<E>(E p) => p * 2;");
+    expect(statement.functionDeclaration, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFunctionExpression_body_inExpression() {
+    FunctionExpression expression =
+        parse4("parseFunctionExpression", "(int i) => i++");
+    expect(expression.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(expression.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect((expression.body as ExpressionFunctionBody).semicolon, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseFunctionExpression_typeParameters() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    FunctionExpression expression =
+        parse4("parseFunctionExpression", "<E>(E i) => i++");
+    expect(expression.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.typeParameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect((expression.body as ExpressionFunctionBody).semicolon, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseGetter_nonStatic() {
+    Comment comment = Comment.createDocumentationComment(new List<Token>(0));
+    TypeName returnType = new TypeName(new SimpleIdentifier(null), null);
+    MethodDeclaration method = parse(
+        "parseGetter",
+        <Object>[commentAndMetadata(comment), null, null, returnType],
+        "get a;");
+    expect(method.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.documentationComment, comment);
+    expect(method.externalKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.modifierKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.operatorKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.parameters, isNull);
+    expect(method.propertyKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.returnType, returnType);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseGetter_static() {
+    Comment comment = Comment.createDocumentationComment(new List<Token>(0));
+    Token staticKeyword = TokenFactory.tokenFromKeyword(Keyword.STATIC);
+    TypeName returnType = new TypeName(new SimpleIdentifier(null), null);
+    MethodDeclaration method = parse(
+        "parseGetter",
+        <Object>[commentAndMetadata(comment), null, staticKeyword, returnType],
+        "get a => 42;");
+    expect(method.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.documentationComment, comment);
+    expect(method.externalKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.modifierKeyword, staticKeyword);
+    expect(method.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.operatorKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(method.parameters, isNull);
+    expect(method.propertyKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.returnType, returnType);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseIdentifierList_multiple() {
+    List<SimpleIdentifier> list = parse4("parseIdentifierList", "a, b, c");
+    expect(list, hasLength(3));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseIdentifierList_single() {
+    List<SimpleIdentifier> list = parse4("parseIdentifierList", "a");
+    expect(list, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseIfStatement_else_block() {
+    IfStatement statement = parse4("parseIfStatement", "if (x) {} else {}");
+    expect(statement.ifKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.condition, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.thenStatement, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.elseKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.elseStatement, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseIfStatement_else_statement() {
+    IfStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseIfStatement", "if (x) f(x); else f(y);");
+    expect(statement.ifKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.condition, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.thenStatement, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.elseKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.elseStatement, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseIfStatement_noElse_block() {
+    IfStatement statement = parse4("parseIfStatement", "if (x) {}");
+    expect(statement.ifKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.condition, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.thenStatement, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.elseKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(statement.elseStatement, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseIfStatement_noElse_statement() {
+    IfStatement statement = parse4("parseIfStatement", "if (x) f(x);");
+    expect(statement.ifKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.condition, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.thenStatement, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.elseKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(statement.elseStatement, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseImplementsClause_multiple() {
+    ImplementsClause clause =
+        parse4("parseImplementsClause", "implements A, B, C");
+    expect(clause.interfaces, hasLength(3));
+    expect(clause.implementsKeyword, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseImplementsClause_single() {
+    ImplementsClause clause = parse4("parseImplementsClause", "implements A");
+    expect(clause.interfaces, hasLength(1));
+    expect(clause.implementsKeyword, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseImportDirective_deferred() {
+    ImportDirective directive = parse(
+        "parseImportDirective",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "import 'lib/lib.dart' deferred as a;");
+    expect(directive.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.uri, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.deferredKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.asKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.prefix, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.combinators, hasLength(0));
+    expect(directive.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseImportDirective_hide() {
+    ImportDirective directive = parse(
+        "parseImportDirective",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "import 'lib/lib.dart' hide A, B;");
+    expect(directive.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.uri, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.deferredKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(directive.asKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(directive.prefix, isNull);
+    expect(directive.combinators, hasLength(1));
+    expect(directive.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseImportDirective_noCombinator() {
+    ImportDirective directive = parse("parseImportDirective",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "import 'lib/lib.dart';");
+    expect(directive.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.uri, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.deferredKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(directive.asKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(directive.prefix, isNull);
+    expect(directive.combinators, hasLength(0));
+    expect(directive.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseImportDirective_prefix() {
+    ImportDirective directive = parse("parseImportDirective",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "import 'lib/lib.dart' as a;");
+    expect(directive.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.uri, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.deferredKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(directive.asKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.prefix, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.combinators, hasLength(0));
+    expect(directive.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseImportDirective_prefix_hide_show() {
+    ImportDirective directive = parse(
+        "parseImportDirective",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "import 'lib/lib.dart' as a hide A show B;");
+    expect(directive.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.uri, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.deferredKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(directive.asKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.prefix, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.combinators, hasLength(2));
+    expect(directive.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseImportDirective_prefix_show_hide() {
+    ImportDirective directive = parse(
+        "parseImportDirective",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "import 'lib/lib.dart' as a show B hide A;");
+    expect(directive.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.uri, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.deferredKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(directive.asKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.prefix, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.combinators, hasLength(2));
+    expect(directive.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseImportDirective_show() {
+    ImportDirective directive = parse(
+        "parseImportDirective",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "import 'lib/lib.dart' show A, B;");
+    expect(directive.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.uri, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.deferredKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(directive.asKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(directive.prefix, isNull);
+    expect(directive.combinators, hasLength(1));
+    expect(directive.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseInitializedIdentifierList_type() {
+    Comment comment = Comment.createDocumentationComment(new List<Token>(0));
+    Token staticKeyword = TokenFactory.tokenFromKeyword(Keyword.STATIC);
+    TypeName type = new TypeName(new SimpleIdentifier(null), null);
+    FieldDeclaration declaration = parse(
+        "parseInitializedIdentifierList",
+        <Object>[commentAndMetadata(comment), staticKeyword, null, type],
+        "a = 1, b, c = 3;");
+    expect(declaration.documentationComment, comment);
+    VariableDeclarationList fields = declaration.fields;
+    expect(fields, isNotNull);
+    expect(fields.keyword, isNull);
+    expect(fields.type, type);
+    expect(fields.variables, hasLength(3));
+    expect(declaration.staticKeyword, staticKeyword);
+    expect(declaration.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseInitializedIdentifierList_var() {
+    Comment comment = Comment.createDocumentationComment(new List<Token>(0));
+    Token staticKeyword = TokenFactory.tokenFromKeyword(Keyword.STATIC);
+    Token varKeyword = TokenFactory.tokenFromKeyword(Keyword.VAR);
+    FieldDeclaration declaration = parse(
+        "parseInitializedIdentifierList",
+        <Object>[commentAndMetadata(comment), staticKeyword, varKeyword, null],
+        "a = 1, b, c = 3;");
+    expect(declaration.documentationComment, comment);
+    VariableDeclarationList fields = declaration.fields;
+    expect(fields, isNotNull);
+    expect(fields.keyword, varKeyword);
+    expect(fields.type, isNull);
+    expect(fields.variables, hasLength(3));
+    expect(declaration.staticKeyword, staticKeyword);
+    expect(declaration.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseInstanceCreationExpression_qualifiedType() {
+    Token token = TokenFactory.tokenFromKeyword(Keyword.NEW);
+    InstanceCreationExpression expression =
+        parse("parseInstanceCreationExpression", <Object>[token], "A.B()");
+    expect(expression.keyword, token);
+    ConstructorName name = expression.constructorName;
+    expect(name, isNotNull);
+    expect(name.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(name.period, isNull);
+    expect(name.name, isNull);
+    expect(expression.argumentList, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseInstanceCreationExpression_qualifiedType_named() {
+    Token token = TokenFactory.tokenFromKeyword(Keyword.NEW);
+    InstanceCreationExpression expression =
+        parse("parseInstanceCreationExpression", <Object>[token], "A.B.c()");
+    expect(expression.keyword, token);
+    ConstructorName name = expression.constructorName;
+    expect(name, isNotNull);
+    expect(name.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(name.period, isNotNull);
+    expect(name.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.argumentList, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseInstanceCreationExpression_type() {
+    Token token = TokenFactory.tokenFromKeyword(Keyword.NEW);
+    InstanceCreationExpression expression =
+        parse("parseInstanceCreationExpression", <Object>[token], "A()");
+    expect(expression.keyword, token);
+    ConstructorName name = expression.constructorName;
+    expect(name, isNotNull);
+    expect(name.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(name.period, isNull);
+    expect(name.name, isNull);
+    expect(expression.argumentList, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseInstanceCreationExpression_type_named() {
+    Token token = TokenFactory.tokenFromKeyword(Keyword.NEW);
+    InstanceCreationExpression expression =
+        parse("parseInstanceCreationExpression", <Object>[token], "A<B>.c()");
+    expect(expression.keyword, token);
+    ConstructorName name = expression.constructorName;
+    expect(name, isNotNull);
+    expect(name.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(name.period, isNotNull);
+    expect(name.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.argumentList, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseLibraryDirective() {
+    LibraryDirective directive = parse("parseLibraryDirective",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "library l;");
+    expect(directive.libraryKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseLibraryIdentifier_multiple() {
+    String name = "a.b.c";
+    LibraryIdentifier identifier = parse4("parseLibraryIdentifier", name);
+    expect(identifier.name, name);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseLibraryIdentifier_single() {
+    String name = "a";
+    LibraryIdentifier identifier = parse4("parseLibraryIdentifier", name);
+    expect(identifier.name, name);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseListLiteral_empty_oneToken() {
+    Token token = TokenFactory.tokenFromKeyword(Keyword.CONST);
+    TypeArgumentList typeArguments = null;
+    ListLiteral literal =
+        parse("parseListLiteral", <Object>[token, typeArguments], "[]");
+    expect(literal.constKeyword, token);
+    expect(literal.typeArguments, typeArguments);
+    expect(literal.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.elements, hasLength(0));
+    expect(literal.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseListLiteral_empty_oneToken_withComment() {
+    Token constToken = null;
+    TypeArgumentList typeArguments = null;
+    ListLiteral literal = parse(
+        "parseListLiteral", <Object>[constToken, typeArguments], "/* 0 */ []");
+    expect(literal.constKeyword, constToken);
+    expect(literal.typeArguments, typeArguments);
+    Token leftBracket = literal.leftBracket;
+    expect(leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(leftBracket.precedingComments, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.elements, hasLength(0));
+    expect(literal.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseListLiteral_empty_twoTokens() {
+    Token token = TokenFactory.tokenFromKeyword(Keyword.CONST);
+    TypeArgumentList typeArguments = null;
+    ListLiteral literal =
+        parse("parseListLiteral", <Object>[token, typeArguments], "[ ]");
+    expect(literal.constKeyword, token);
+    expect(literal.typeArguments, typeArguments);
+    expect(literal.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.elements, hasLength(0));
+    expect(literal.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseListLiteral_multiple() {
+    ListLiteral literal =
+        parse("parseListLiteral", <Object>[null, null], "[1, 2, 3]");
+    expect(literal.constKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(literal.typeArguments, isNull);
+    expect(literal.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.elements, hasLength(3));
+    expect(literal.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseListLiteral_single() {
+    ListLiteral literal =
+        parse("parseListLiteral", <Object>[null, null], "[1]");
+    expect(literal.constKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(literal.typeArguments, isNull);
+    expect(literal.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.elements, hasLength(1));
+    expect(literal.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseListOrMapLiteral_list_noType() {
+    ListLiteral literal = parse("parseListOrMapLiteral", <Object>[null], "[1]");
+    expect(literal.constKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(literal.typeArguments, isNull);
+    expect(literal.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.elements, hasLength(1));
+    expect(literal.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseListOrMapLiteral_list_type() {
+    ListLiteral literal =
+        parse("parseListOrMapLiteral", <Object>[null], "<int> [1]");
+    expect(literal.constKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(literal.typeArguments, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.elements, hasLength(1));
+    expect(literal.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseListOrMapLiteral_map_noType() {
+    MapLiteral literal =
+        parse("parseListOrMapLiteral", <Object>[null], "{'1' : 1}");
+    expect(literal.constKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(literal.typeArguments, isNull);
+    expect(literal.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.entries, hasLength(1));
+    expect(literal.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseListOrMapLiteral_map_type() {
+    MapLiteral literal = parse(
+        "parseListOrMapLiteral", <Object>[null], "<String, int> {'1' : 1}");
+    expect(literal.constKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(literal.typeArguments, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.entries, hasLength(1));
+    expect(literal.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseLogicalAndExpression() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parse4("parseLogicalAndExpression", "x && y");
+    expect(expression.leftOperand, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.AMPERSAND_AMPERSAND);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseLogicalOrExpression() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parse4("parseLogicalOrExpression", "x || y");
+    expect(expression.leftOperand, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.BAR_BAR);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseMapLiteral_empty() {
+    Token token = TokenFactory.tokenFromKeyword(Keyword.CONST);
+    TypeArgumentList typeArguments = AstFactory.typeArgumentList(
+        [AstFactory.typeName4("String"), AstFactory.typeName4("int")]);
+    MapLiteral literal =
+        parse("parseMapLiteral", <Object>[token, typeArguments], "{}");
+    expect(literal.constKeyword, token);
+    expect(literal.typeArguments, typeArguments);
+    expect(literal.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.entries, hasLength(0));
+    expect(literal.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseMapLiteral_multiple() {
+    MapLiteral literal =
+        parse("parseMapLiteral", <Object>[null, null], "{'a' : b, 'x' : y}");
+    expect(literal.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.entries, hasLength(2));
+    expect(literal.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseMapLiteral_single() {
+    MapLiteral literal =
+        parse("parseMapLiteral", <Object>[null, null], "{'x' : y}");
+    expect(literal.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.entries, hasLength(1));
+    expect(literal.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseMapLiteralEntry_complex() {
+    MapLiteralEntry entry = parse4("parseMapLiteralEntry", "2 + 2 : y");
+    expect(entry.key, isNotNull);
+    expect(entry.separator, isNotNull);
+    expect(entry.value, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseMapLiteralEntry_int() {
+    MapLiteralEntry entry = parse4("parseMapLiteralEntry", "0 : y");
+    expect(entry.key, isNotNull);
+    expect(entry.separator, isNotNull);
+    expect(entry.value, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseMapLiteralEntry_string() {
+    MapLiteralEntry entry = parse4("parseMapLiteralEntry", "'x' : y");
+    expect(entry.key, isNotNull);
+    expect(entry.separator, isNotNull);
+    expect(entry.value, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseModifiers_abstract() {
+    Modifiers modifiers = parse4("parseModifiers", "abstract A");
+    expect(modifiers.abstractKeyword, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseModifiers_const() {
+    Modifiers modifiers = parse4("parseModifiers", "const A");
+    expect(modifiers.constKeyword, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseModifiers_external() {
+    Modifiers modifiers = parse4("parseModifiers", "external A");
+    expect(modifiers.externalKeyword, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseModifiers_factory() {
+    Modifiers modifiers = parse4("parseModifiers", "factory A");
+    expect(modifiers.factoryKeyword, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseModifiers_final() {
+    Modifiers modifiers = parse4("parseModifiers", "final A");
+    expect(modifiers.finalKeyword, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseModifiers_static() {
+    Modifiers modifiers = parse4("parseModifiers", "static A");
+    expect(modifiers.staticKeyword, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseModifiers_var() {
+    Modifiers modifiers = parse4("parseModifiers", "var A");
+    expect(modifiers.varKeyword, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseMultiplicativeExpression_normal() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parse4("parseMultiplicativeExpression", "x * y");
+    expect(expression.leftOperand, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.STAR);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseMultiplicativeExpression_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parse4("parseMultiplicativeExpression", "super * y");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is SuperExpression,
+        SuperExpression, expression.leftOperand);
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.STAR);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNewExpression() {
+    InstanceCreationExpression expression =
+        parse4("parseNewExpression", "new A()");
+    expect(expression.keyword, isNotNull);
+    ConstructorName name = expression.constructorName;
+    expect(name, isNotNull);
+    expect(name.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(name.period, isNull);
+    expect(name.name, isNull);
+    expect(expression.argumentList, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNonLabeledStatement_const_list_empty() {
+    ExpressionStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseNonLabeledStatement", "const [];");
+    expect(statement.expression, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNonLabeledStatement_const_list_nonEmpty() {
+    ExpressionStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseNonLabeledStatement", "const [1, 2];");
+    expect(statement.expression, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNonLabeledStatement_const_map_empty() {
+    ExpressionStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseNonLabeledStatement", "const {};");
+    expect(statement.expression, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNonLabeledStatement_const_map_nonEmpty() {
+    // TODO(brianwilkerson) Implement more tests for this method.
+    ExpressionStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseNonLabeledStatement", "const {'a' : 1};");
+    expect(statement.expression, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNonLabeledStatement_const_object() {
+    ExpressionStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseNonLabeledStatement", "const A();");
+    expect(statement.expression, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNonLabeledStatement_const_object_named_typeParameters() {
+    ExpressionStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseNonLabeledStatement", "const A<B>.c();");
+    expect(statement.expression, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNonLabeledStatement_constructorInvocation() {
+    ExpressionStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseNonLabeledStatement", "new C().m();");
+    expect(statement.expression, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNonLabeledStatement_false() {
+    ExpressionStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseNonLabeledStatement", "false;");
+    expect(statement.expression, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNonLabeledStatement_functionDeclaration() {
+    parse4("parseNonLabeledStatement", "f() {};");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNonLabeledStatement_functionDeclaration_arguments() {
+    parse4("parseNonLabeledStatement", "f(void g()) {};");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNonLabeledStatement_functionExpressionIndex() {
+    parse4("parseNonLabeledStatement", "() {}[0] = null;");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNonLabeledStatement_functionInvocation() {
+    ExpressionStatement statement = parse4("parseNonLabeledStatement", "f();");
+    expect(statement.expression, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNonLabeledStatement_invokeFunctionExpression() {
+    ExpressionStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseNonLabeledStatement", "(a) {return a + a;} (3);");
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf(
+        (obj) => obj is FunctionExpressionInvocation,
+        FunctionExpressionInvocation,
+        statement.expression);
+    FunctionExpressionInvocation invocation =
+        statement.expression as FunctionExpressionInvocation;
+    EngineTestCase.assertInstanceOf((obj) => obj is FunctionExpression,
+        FunctionExpression, invocation.function);
+    FunctionExpression expression = invocation.function as FunctionExpression;
+    expect(expression.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.typeArguments, isNull);
+    ArgumentList list = invocation.argumentList;
+    expect(list, isNotNull);
+    expect(list.arguments, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNonLabeledStatement_null() {
+    ExpressionStatement statement = parse4("parseNonLabeledStatement", "null;");
+    expect(statement.expression, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNonLabeledStatement_startingWithBuiltInIdentifier() {
+    ExpressionStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseNonLabeledStatement", "library.getName();");
+    expect(statement.expression, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNonLabeledStatement_true() {
+    ExpressionStatement statement = parse4("parseNonLabeledStatement", "true;");
+    expect(statement.expression, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNonLabeledStatement_typeCast() {
+    ExpressionStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseNonLabeledStatement", "double.NAN as num;");
+    expect(statement.expression, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNormalFormalParameter_field_const_noType() {
+    FieldFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse4("parseNormalFormalParameter", "const this.a)");
+    expect(parameter.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.type, isNull);
+    expect(parameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.parameters, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNormalFormalParameter_field_const_type() {
+    FieldFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse4("parseNormalFormalParameter", "const A this.a)");
+    expect(parameter.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.parameters, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNormalFormalParameter_field_final_noType() {
+    FieldFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse4("parseNormalFormalParameter", "final this.a)");
+    expect(parameter.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.type, isNull);
+    expect(parameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.parameters, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNormalFormalParameter_field_final_type() {
+    FieldFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse4("parseNormalFormalParameter", "final A this.a)");
+    expect(parameter.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.parameters, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNormalFormalParameter_field_function_nested() {
+    FieldFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse4("parseNormalFormalParameter", "this.a(B b))");
+    expect(parameter.keyword, isNull);
+    expect(parameter.type, isNull);
+    expect(parameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+    FormalParameterList parameterList = parameter.parameters;
+    expect(parameterList, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.parameters, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNormalFormalParameter_field_function_noNested() {
+    FieldFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse4("parseNormalFormalParameter", "this.a())");
+    expect(parameter.keyword, isNull);
+    expect(parameter.type, isNull);
+    expect(parameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+    FormalParameterList parameterList = parameter.parameters;
+    expect(parameterList, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.parameters, hasLength(0));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNormalFormalParameter_field_noType() {
+    FieldFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse4("parseNormalFormalParameter", "this.a)");
+    expect(parameter.keyword, isNull);
+    expect(parameter.type, isNull);
+    expect(parameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.parameters, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNormalFormalParameter_field_type() {
+    FieldFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse4("parseNormalFormalParameter", "A this.a)");
+    expect(parameter.keyword, isNull);
+    expect(parameter.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.parameters, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNormalFormalParameter_field_var() {
+    FieldFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse4("parseNormalFormalParameter", "var this.a)");
+    expect(parameter.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.type, isNull);
+    expect(parameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.parameters, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNormalFormalParameter_function_noType() {
+    FunctionTypedFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse4("parseNormalFormalParameter", "a())");
+    expect(parameter.returnType, isNull);
+    expect(parameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(parameter.parameters, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNormalFormalParameter_function_noType_typeParameters() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    FunctionTypedFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse4("parseNormalFormalParameter", "a<E>())");
+    expect(parameter.returnType, isNull);
+    expect(parameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.typeParameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.parameters, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNormalFormalParameter_function_type() {
+    FunctionTypedFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse4("parseNormalFormalParameter", "A a())");
+    expect(parameter.returnType, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(parameter.parameters, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNormalFormalParameter_function_type_typeParameters() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    FunctionTypedFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse4("parseNormalFormalParameter", "A a<E>())");
+    expect(parameter.returnType, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.typeParameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.parameters, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNormalFormalParameter_function_void() {
+    FunctionTypedFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse4("parseNormalFormalParameter", "void a())");
+    expect(parameter.returnType, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(parameter.parameters, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNormalFormalParameter_function_void_typeParameters() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    FunctionTypedFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse4("parseNormalFormalParameter", "void a<E>())");
+    expect(parameter.returnType, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.typeParameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.parameters, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNormalFormalParameter_simple_const_noType() {
+    SimpleFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse4("parseNormalFormalParameter", "const a)");
+    expect(parameter.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.type, isNull);
+    expect(parameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNormalFormalParameter_simple_const_type() {
+    SimpleFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse4("parseNormalFormalParameter", "const A a)");
+    expect(parameter.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNormalFormalParameter_simple_final_noType() {
+    SimpleFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse4("parseNormalFormalParameter", "final a)");
+    expect(parameter.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.type, isNull);
+    expect(parameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNormalFormalParameter_simple_final_type() {
+    SimpleFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse4("parseNormalFormalParameter", "final A a)");
+    expect(parameter.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNormalFormalParameter_simple_noType() {
+    SimpleFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse4("parseNormalFormalParameter", "a)");
+    expect(parameter.keyword, isNull);
+    expect(parameter.type, isNull);
+    expect(parameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseNormalFormalParameter_simple_type() {
+    SimpleFormalParameter parameter =
+        parse4("parseNormalFormalParameter", "A a)");
+    expect(parameter.keyword, isNull);
+    expect(parameter.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.identifier, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseOperator() {
+    Comment comment = Comment.createDocumentationComment(new List<Token>(0));
+    TypeName returnType = new TypeName(new SimpleIdentifier(null), null);
+    MethodDeclaration method = parse(
+        "parseOperator",
+        <Object>[commentAndMetadata(comment), null, returnType],
+        "operator +(A a);");
+    expect(method.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.documentationComment, comment);
+    expect(method.externalKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.modifierKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.operatorKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(method.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.propertyKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.returnType, returnType);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseOptionalReturnType() {
+    // TODO(brianwilkerson) Implement tests for this method.
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePartDirective_part() {
+    PartDirective directive = parse("parsePartDirective",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "part 'lib/lib.dart';");
+    expect(directive.partKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.uri, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePartDirective_partOf() {
+    PartOfDirective directive = parse("parsePartDirective",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "part of l;");
+    expect(directive.partKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.ofKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.libraryName, isNotNull);
+    expect(directive.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePostfixExpression_decrement() {
+    PostfixExpression expression = parse4("parsePostfixExpression", "i--");
+    expect(expression.operand, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.MINUS_MINUS);
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePostfixExpression_increment() {
+    PostfixExpression expression = parse4("parsePostfixExpression", "i++");
+    expect(expression.operand, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.PLUS_PLUS);
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePostfixExpression_none_indexExpression() {
+    IndexExpression expression = parse4("parsePostfixExpression", "a[0]");
+    expect(expression.target, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.index, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePostfixExpression_none_methodInvocation() {
+    MethodInvocation expression = parse4("parsePostfixExpression", "a.m()");
+    expect(expression.target, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.PERIOD);
+    expect(expression.methodName, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.typeArguments, isNull);
+    expect(expression.argumentList, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePostfixExpression_none_methodInvocation_question_dot() {
+    MethodInvocation expression = parse4('parsePostfixExpression', 'a?.m()');
+    expect(expression.target, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.QUESTION_PERIOD);
+    expect(expression.methodName, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.typeArguments, isNull);
+    expect(expression.argumentList, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePostfixExpression_none_methodInvocation_question_dot_typeArguments() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    MethodInvocation expression = parse4('parsePostfixExpression', 'a?.m<E>()');
+    expect(expression.target, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.QUESTION_PERIOD);
+    expect(expression.methodName, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.typeArguments, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.argumentList, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePostfixExpression_none_methodInvocation_typeArguments() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    MethodInvocation expression = parse4("parsePostfixExpression", "a.m<E>()");
+    expect(expression.target, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.PERIOD);
+    expect(expression.methodName, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.typeArguments, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.argumentList, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePostfixExpression_none_propertyAccess() {
+    PrefixedIdentifier expression = parse4("parsePostfixExpression", "a.b");
+    expect(expression.prefix, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.identifier, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePrefixedIdentifier_noPrefix() {
+    String lexeme = "bar";
+    SimpleIdentifier identifier = parse4("parsePrefixedIdentifier", lexeme);
+    expect(identifier.token, isNotNull);
+    expect(identifier.name, lexeme);
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePrefixedIdentifier_prefix() {
+    String lexeme = "foo.bar";
+    PrefixedIdentifier identifier = parse4("parsePrefixedIdentifier", lexeme);
+    expect(identifier.prefix.name, "foo");
+    expect(identifier.period, isNotNull);
+    expect(identifier.identifier.name, "bar");
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePrimaryExpression_const() {
+    InstanceCreationExpression expression =
+        parse4("parsePrimaryExpression", "const A()");
+    expect(expression, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePrimaryExpression_double() {
+    String doubleLiteral = "3.2e4";
+    DoubleLiteral literal = parse4("parsePrimaryExpression", doubleLiteral);
+    expect(literal.literal, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.value, double.parse(doubleLiteral));
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePrimaryExpression_false() {
+    BooleanLiteral literal = parse4("parsePrimaryExpression", "false");
+    expect(literal.literal, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.value, isFalse);
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePrimaryExpression_function_arguments() {
+    FunctionExpression expression =
+        parse4("parsePrimaryExpression", "(int i) => i + 1");
+    expect(expression.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePrimaryExpression_function_noArguments() {
+    FunctionExpression expression =
+        parse4("parsePrimaryExpression", "() => 42");
+    expect(expression.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePrimaryExpression_hex() {
+    String hexLiteral = "3F";
+    IntegerLiteral literal = parse4("parsePrimaryExpression", "0x$hexLiteral");
+    expect(literal.literal, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.value, int.parse(hexLiteral, radix: 16));
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePrimaryExpression_identifier() {
+    SimpleIdentifier identifier = parse4("parsePrimaryExpression", "a");
+    expect(identifier, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePrimaryExpression_int() {
+    String intLiteral = "472";
+    IntegerLiteral literal = parse4("parsePrimaryExpression", intLiteral);
+    expect(literal.literal, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.value, int.parse(intLiteral));
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePrimaryExpression_listLiteral() {
+    ListLiteral literal = parse4("parsePrimaryExpression", "[ ]");
+    expect(literal, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePrimaryExpression_listLiteral_index() {
+    ListLiteral literal = parse4("parsePrimaryExpression", "[]");
+    expect(literal, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePrimaryExpression_listLiteral_typed() {
+    ListLiteral literal = parse4("parsePrimaryExpression", "<A>[ ]");
+    expect(literal.typeArguments, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.typeArguments.arguments, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePrimaryExpression_mapLiteral() {
+    MapLiteral literal = parse4("parsePrimaryExpression", "{}");
+    expect(literal, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePrimaryExpression_mapLiteral_typed() {
+    MapLiteral literal = parse4("parsePrimaryExpression", "<A, B>{}");
+    expect(literal.typeArguments, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.typeArguments.arguments, hasLength(2));
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePrimaryExpression_new() {
+    InstanceCreationExpression expression =
+        parse4("parsePrimaryExpression", "new A()");
+    expect(expression, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePrimaryExpression_null() {
+    NullLiteral literal = parse4("parsePrimaryExpression", "null");
+    expect(literal.literal, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePrimaryExpression_parenthesized() {
+    ParenthesizedExpression expression =
+        parse4("parsePrimaryExpression", "(x)");
+    expect(expression, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePrimaryExpression_string() {
+    SimpleStringLiteral literal =
+        parse4("parsePrimaryExpression", "\"string\"");
+    expect(literal.isMultiline, isFalse);
+    expect(literal.isRaw, isFalse);
+    expect(literal.value, "string");
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePrimaryExpression_string_multiline() {
+    SimpleStringLiteral literal =
+        parse4("parsePrimaryExpression", "'''string'''");
+    expect(literal.isMultiline, isTrue);
+    expect(literal.isRaw, isFalse);
+    expect(literal.value, "string");
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePrimaryExpression_string_raw() {
+    SimpleStringLiteral literal = parse4("parsePrimaryExpression", "r'string'");
+    expect(literal.isMultiline, isFalse);
+    expect(literal.isRaw, isTrue);
+    expect(literal.value, "string");
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePrimaryExpression_super() {
+    PropertyAccess propertyAccess = parse4("parsePrimaryExpression", "super.x");
+    expect(propertyAccess.target is SuperExpression, isTrue);
+    expect(propertyAccess.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(propertyAccess.operator.type, TokenType.PERIOD);
+    expect(propertyAccess.propertyName, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePrimaryExpression_this() {
+    ThisExpression expression = parse4("parsePrimaryExpression", "this");
+    expect(expression.thisKeyword, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parsePrimaryExpression_true() {
+    BooleanLiteral literal = parse4("parsePrimaryExpression", "true");
+    expect(literal.literal, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.value, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_Parser() {
+    expect(new Parser(null, null), isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseRedirectingConstructorInvocation_named() {
+    RedirectingConstructorInvocation invocation =
+        parse4("parseRedirectingConstructorInvocation", "this.a()");
+    expect(invocation.argumentList, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.constructorName, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.thisKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.period, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseRedirectingConstructorInvocation_unnamed() {
+    RedirectingConstructorInvocation invocation =
+        parse4("parseRedirectingConstructorInvocation", "this()");
+    expect(invocation.argumentList, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.constructorName, isNull);
+    expect(invocation.thisKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.period, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseRelationalExpression_as() {
+    AsExpression expression = parse4("parseRelationalExpression", "x as Y");
+    expect(expression.expression, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.asOperator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.type, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseRelationalExpression_is() {
+    IsExpression expression = parse4("parseRelationalExpression", "x is y");
+    expect(expression.expression, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.isOperator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.notOperator, isNull);
+    expect(expression.type, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseRelationalExpression_isNot() {
+    IsExpression expression = parse4("parseRelationalExpression", "x is! y");
+    expect(expression.expression, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.isOperator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.notOperator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.type, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseRelationalExpression_normal() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parse4("parseRelationalExpression", "x < y");
+    expect(expression.leftOperand, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.LT);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseRelationalExpression_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression =
+        parse4("parseRelationalExpression", "super < y");
+    expect(expression.leftOperand, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.LT);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseRethrowExpression() {
+    RethrowExpression expression = parse4("parseRethrowExpression", "rethrow;");
+    expect(expression.rethrowKeyword, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseReturnStatement_noValue() {
+    ReturnStatement statement = parse4("parseReturnStatement", "return;");
+    expect(statement.returnKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.expression, isNull);
+    expect(statement.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseReturnStatement_value() {
+    ReturnStatement statement = parse4("parseReturnStatement", "return x;");
+    expect(statement.returnKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.expression, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseReturnType_nonVoid() {
+    TypeName typeName = parse4("parseReturnType", "A<B>");
+    expect(typeName.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeName.typeArguments, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseReturnType_void() {
+    TypeName typeName = parse4("parseReturnType", "void");
+    expect(typeName.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeName.typeArguments, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseSetter_nonStatic() {
+    Comment comment = Comment.createDocumentationComment(new List<Token>(0));
+    TypeName returnType = new TypeName(new SimpleIdentifier(null), null);
+    MethodDeclaration method = parse(
+        "parseSetter",
+        <Object>[commentAndMetadata(comment), null, null, returnType],
+        "set a(var x);");
+    expect(method.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.documentationComment, comment);
+    expect(method.externalKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.modifierKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.operatorKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(method.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.propertyKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.returnType, returnType);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseSetter_static() {
+    Comment comment = Comment.createDocumentationComment(new List<Token>(0));
+    Token staticKeyword = TokenFactory.tokenFromKeyword(Keyword.STATIC);
+    TypeName returnType = new TypeName(new SimpleIdentifier(null), null);
+    MethodDeclaration method = parse(
+        "parseSetter",
+        <Object>[commentAndMetadata(comment), null, staticKeyword, returnType],
+        "set a(var x) {}");
+    expect(method.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.documentationComment, comment);
+    expect(method.externalKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.modifierKeyword, staticKeyword);
+    expect(method.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.operatorKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(method.typeParameters, isNull);
+    expect(method.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.propertyKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(method.returnType, returnType);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseShiftExpression_normal() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parse4("parseShiftExpression", "x << y");
+    expect(expression.leftOperand, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.LT_LT);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseShiftExpression_super() {
+    BinaryExpression expression = parse4("parseShiftExpression", "super << y");
+    expect(expression.leftOperand, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.LT_LT);
+    expect(expression.rightOperand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseSimpleIdentifier1_normalIdentifier() {
+    // TODO(brianwilkerson) Implement tests for this method.
+  }
+
+  void test_parseSimpleIdentifier_builtInIdentifier() {
+    String lexeme = "as";
+    SimpleIdentifier identifier = parse4("parseSimpleIdentifier", lexeme);
+    expect(identifier.token, isNotNull);
+    expect(identifier.name, lexeme);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseSimpleIdentifier_normalIdentifier() {
+    String lexeme = "foo";
+    SimpleIdentifier identifier = parse4("parseSimpleIdentifier", lexeme);
+    expect(identifier.token, isNotNull);
+    expect(identifier.name, lexeme);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStatement_emptyTypeArgumentListt() {
+    VariableDeclarationStatement statement = parse4(
+        "parseStatement", "C<> c;", [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TYPE_NAME]);
+    VariableDeclarationList variables = statement.variables;
+    TypeName type = variables.type;
+    TypeArgumentList argumentList = type.typeArguments;
+    expect(argumentList.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(argumentList.arguments, hasLength(1));
+    expect(argumentList.arguments[0].isSynthetic, isTrue);
+    expect(argumentList.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStatement_functionDeclaration_noReturnType() {
+    FunctionDeclarationStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseStatement", "f(a, b) {};");
+    expect(statement.functionDeclaration, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStatement_functionDeclaration_noReturnType_typeParameters() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    FunctionDeclarationStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseStatement", "f(a, b) {};");
+    expect(statement.functionDeclaration, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStatement_functionDeclaration_returnType() {
+    // TODO(brianwilkerson) Implement more tests for this method.
+    FunctionDeclarationStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseStatement", "int f(a, b) {};");
+    expect(statement.functionDeclaration, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStatement_functionDeclaration_returnType_typeParameters() {
+    enableGenericMethods = true;
+    FunctionDeclarationStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseStatement", "int f<E>(a, b) {};");
+    expect(statement.functionDeclaration, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStatement_mulipleLabels() {
+    LabeledStatement statement = parse4("parseStatement", "l: m: return x;");
+    expect(statement.labels, hasLength(2));
+    expect(statement.statement, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStatement_noLabels() {
+    parse4("parseStatement", "return x;");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStatement_singleLabel() {
+    LabeledStatement statement = parse4("parseStatement", "l: return x;");
+    expect(statement.labels, hasLength(1));
+    expect(statement.statement, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStatements_multiple() {
+    List<Statement> statements =
+        ParserTestCase.parseStatements("return; return;", 2);
+    expect(statements, hasLength(2));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStatements_single() {
+    List<Statement> statements = ParserTestCase.parseStatements("return;", 1);
+    expect(statements, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStringLiteral_adjacent() {
+    AdjacentStrings literal = parse4("parseStringLiteral", "'a' 'b'");
+    NodeList<StringLiteral> strings = literal.strings;
+    expect(strings, hasLength(2));
+    StringLiteral firstString = strings[0];
+    StringLiteral secondString = strings[1];
+    expect((firstString as SimpleStringLiteral).value, "a");
+    expect((secondString as SimpleStringLiteral).value, "b");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStringLiteral_endsWithInterpolation() {
+    StringLiteral literal = parse4('parseStringLiteral', r"'x$y'");
+    expect(literal, new isInstanceOf<StringInterpolation>());
+    StringInterpolation interpolation = literal;
+    expect(interpolation.elements, hasLength(3));
+    expect(interpolation.elements[0], new isInstanceOf<InterpolationString>());
+    InterpolationString element0 = interpolation.elements[0];
+    expect(element0.value, 'x');
+    expect(
+        interpolation.elements[1], new isInstanceOf<InterpolationExpression>());
+    InterpolationExpression element1 = interpolation.elements[1];
+    expect(element1.expression, new isInstanceOf<SimpleIdentifier>());
+    expect(interpolation.elements[2], new isInstanceOf<InterpolationString>());
+    InterpolationString element2 = interpolation.elements[2];
+    expect(element2.value, '');
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStringLiteral_interpolated() {
+    StringInterpolation literal =
+        parse4("parseStringLiteral", "'a \${b} c \$this d'");
+    NodeList<InterpolationElement> elements = literal.elements;
+    expect(elements, hasLength(5));
+    expect(elements[0] is InterpolationString, isTrue);
+    expect(elements[1] is InterpolationExpression, isTrue);
+    expect(elements[2] is InterpolationString, isTrue);
+    expect(elements[3] is InterpolationExpression, isTrue);
+    expect(elements[4] is InterpolationString, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStringLiteral_multiline_encodedSpace() {
+    SimpleStringLiteral literal =
+        parse4("parseStringLiteral", "'''\\x20\na'''");
+    expect(literal.literal, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.value, " \na");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStringLiteral_multiline_endsWithInterpolation() {
+    StringLiteral literal = parse4('parseStringLiteral', r"'''x$y'''");
+    expect(literal, new isInstanceOf<StringInterpolation>());
+    StringInterpolation interpolation = literal;
+    expect(interpolation.elements, hasLength(3));
+    expect(interpolation.elements[0], new isInstanceOf<InterpolationString>());
+    InterpolationString element0 = interpolation.elements[0];
+    expect(element0.value, 'x');
+    expect(
+        interpolation.elements[1], new isInstanceOf<InterpolationExpression>());
+    InterpolationExpression element1 = interpolation.elements[1];
+    expect(element1.expression, new isInstanceOf<SimpleIdentifier>());
+    expect(interpolation.elements[2], new isInstanceOf<InterpolationString>());
+    InterpolationString element2 = interpolation.elements[2];
+    expect(element2.value, '');
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStringLiteral_multiline_escapedBackslash() {
+    SimpleStringLiteral literal = parse4("parseStringLiteral", "'''\\\\\na'''");
+    expect(literal.literal, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.value, "\\\na");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStringLiteral_multiline_escapedBackslash_raw() {
+    SimpleStringLiteral literal =
+        parse4("parseStringLiteral", "r'''\\\\\na'''");
+    expect(literal.literal, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.value, "\\\\\na");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStringLiteral_multiline_escapedEolMarker() {
+    SimpleStringLiteral literal = parse4("parseStringLiteral", "'''\\\na'''");
+    expect(literal.literal, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.value, "a");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStringLiteral_multiline_escapedEolMarker_raw() {
+    SimpleStringLiteral literal = parse4("parseStringLiteral", "r'''\\\na'''");
+    expect(literal.literal, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.value, "a");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStringLiteral_multiline_escapedSpaceAndEolMarker() {
+    SimpleStringLiteral literal =
+        parse4("parseStringLiteral", "'''\\ \\\na'''");
+    expect(literal.literal, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.value, "a");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStringLiteral_multiline_escapedSpaceAndEolMarker_raw() {
+    SimpleStringLiteral literal =
+        parse4("parseStringLiteral", "r'''\\ \\\na'''");
+    expect(literal.literal, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.value, "a");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStringLiteral_multiline_escapedTab() {
+    SimpleStringLiteral literal = parse4("parseStringLiteral", "'''\\t\na'''");
+    expect(literal.literal, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.value, "\t\na");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStringLiteral_multiline_escapedTab_raw() {
+    SimpleStringLiteral literal = parse4("parseStringLiteral", "r'''\\t\na'''");
+    expect(literal.literal, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.value, "\\t\na");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStringLiteral_multiline_quoteAfterInterpolation() {
+    StringLiteral literal = parse4('parseStringLiteral', r"""'''$x'y'''""");
+    expect(literal, new isInstanceOf<StringInterpolation>());
+    StringInterpolation interpolation = literal;
+    expect(interpolation.elements, hasLength(3));
+    expect(interpolation.elements[0], new isInstanceOf<InterpolationString>());
+    InterpolationString element0 = interpolation.elements[0];
+    expect(element0.value, '');
+    expect(
+        interpolation.elements[1], new isInstanceOf<InterpolationExpression>());
+    InterpolationExpression element1 = interpolation.elements[1];
+    expect(element1.expression, new isInstanceOf<SimpleIdentifier>());
+    expect(interpolation.elements[2], new isInstanceOf<InterpolationString>());
+    InterpolationString element2 = interpolation.elements[2];
+    expect(element2.value, "'y");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStringLiteral_multiline_startsWithInterpolation() {
+    StringLiteral literal = parse4('parseStringLiteral', r"'''${x}y'''");
+    expect(literal, new isInstanceOf<StringInterpolation>());
+    StringInterpolation interpolation = literal;
+    expect(interpolation.elements, hasLength(3));
+    expect(interpolation.elements[0], new isInstanceOf<InterpolationString>());
+    InterpolationString element0 = interpolation.elements[0];
+    expect(element0.value, '');
+    expect(
+        interpolation.elements[1], new isInstanceOf<InterpolationExpression>());
+    InterpolationExpression element1 = interpolation.elements[1];
+    expect(element1.expression, new isInstanceOf<SimpleIdentifier>());
+    expect(interpolation.elements[2], new isInstanceOf<InterpolationString>());
+    InterpolationString element2 = interpolation.elements[2];
+    expect(element2.value, 'y');
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStringLiteral_multiline_twoSpaces() {
+    SimpleStringLiteral literal = parse4("parseStringLiteral", "'''  \na'''");
+    expect(literal.literal, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.value, "a");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStringLiteral_multiline_twoSpaces_raw() {
+    SimpleStringLiteral literal = parse4("parseStringLiteral", "r'''  \na'''");
+    expect(literal.literal, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.value, "a");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStringLiteral_multiline_untrimmed() {
+    SimpleStringLiteral literal = parse4("parseStringLiteral", "''' a\nb'''");
+    expect(literal.literal, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.value, " a\nb");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStringLiteral_quoteAfterInterpolation() {
+    StringLiteral literal = parse4('parseStringLiteral', r"""'$x"'""");
+    expect(literal, new isInstanceOf<StringInterpolation>());
+    StringInterpolation interpolation = literal;
+    expect(interpolation.elements, hasLength(3));
+    expect(interpolation.elements[0], new isInstanceOf<InterpolationString>());
+    InterpolationString element0 = interpolation.elements[0];
+    expect(element0.value, '');
+    expect(
+        interpolation.elements[1], new isInstanceOf<InterpolationExpression>());
+    InterpolationExpression element1 = interpolation.elements[1];
+    expect(element1.expression, new isInstanceOf<SimpleIdentifier>());
+    expect(interpolation.elements[2], new isInstanceOf<InterpolationString>());
+    InterpolationString element2 = interpolation.elements[2];
+    expect(element2.value, '"');
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStringLiteral_single() {
+    SimpleStringLiteral literal = parse4("parseStringLiteral", "'a'");
+    expect(literal.literal, isNotNull);
+    expect(literal.value, "a");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseStringLiteral_startsWithInterpolation() {
+    StringLiteral literal = parse4('parseStringLiteral', r"'${x}y'");
+    expect(literal, new isInstanceOf<StringInterpolation>());
+    StringInterpolation interpolation = literal;
+    expect(interpolation.elements, hasLength(3));
+    expect(interpolation.elements[0], new isInstanceOf<InterpolationString>());
+    InterpolationString element0 = interpolation.elements[0];
+    expect(element0.value, '');
+    expect(
+        interpolation.elements[1], new isInstanceOf<InterpolationExpression>());
+    InterpolationExpression element1 = interpolation.elements[1];
+    expect(element1.expression, new isInstanceOf<SimpleIdentifier>());
+    expect(interpolation.elements[2], new isInstanceOf<InterpolationString>());
+    InterpolationString element2 = interpolation.elements[2];
+    expect(element2.value, 'y');
+  }
+
+  void test_parseSuperConstructorInvocation_named() {
+    SuperConstructorInvocation invocation =
+        parse4("parseSuperConstructorInvocation", "super.a()");
+    expect(invocation.argumentList, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.constructorName, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.superKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.period, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseSuperConstructorInvocation_unnamed() {
+    SuperConstructorInvocation invocation =
+        parse4("parseSuperConstructorInvocation", "super()");
+    expect(invocation.argumentList, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.constructorName, isNull);
+    expect(invocation.superKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(invocation.period, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseSwitchStatement_case() {
+    SwitchStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseSwitchStatement", "switch (a) {case 1: return 'I';}");
+    expect(statement.switchKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.expression, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.members, hasLength(1));
+    expect(statement.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseSwitchStatement_empty() {
+    SwitchStatement statement = parse4("parseSwitchStatement", "switch (a) {}");
+    expect(statement.switchKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.expression, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.members, hasLength(0));
+    expect(statement.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseSwitchStatement_labeledCase() {
+    SwitchStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseSwitchStatement", "switch (a) {l1: l2: l3: case(1):}");
+    expect(statement.switchKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.expression, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.members, hasLength(1));
+    expect(statement.members[0].labels, hasLength(3));
+    expect(statement.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseSwitchStatement_labeledStatementInCase() {
+    SwitchStatement statement = parse4(
+        "parseSwitchStatement", "switch (a) {case 0: f(); l1: g(); break;}");
+    expect(statement.switchKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.expression, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.members, hasLength(1));
+    expect(statement.members[0].statements, hasLength(3));
+    expect(statement.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseSymbolLiteral_builtInIdentifier() {
+    SymbolLiteral literal =
+        parse4("parseSymbolLiteral", "#dynamic.static.abstract");
+    expect(literal.poundSign, isNotNull);
+    List<Token> components = literal.components;
+    expect(components, hasLength(3));
+    expect(components[0].lexeme, "dynamic");
+    expect(components[1].lexeme, "static");
+    expect(components[2].lexeme, "abstract");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseSymbolLiteral_multiple() {
+    SymbolLiteral literal = parse4("parseSymbolLiteral", "#a.b.c");
+    expect(literal.poundSign, isNotNull);
+    List<Token> components = literal.components;
+    expect(components, hasLength(3));
+    expect(components[0].lexeme, "a");
+    expect(components[1].lexeme, "b");
+    expect(components[2].lexeme, "c");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseSymbolLiteral_operator() {
+    SymbolLiteral literal = parse4("parseSymbolLiteral", "#==");
+    expect(literal.poundSign, isNotNull);
+    List<Token> components = literal.components;
+    expect(components, hasLength(1));
+    expect(components[0].lexeme, "==");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseSymbolLiteral_single() {
+    SymbolLiteral literal = parse4("parseSymbolLiteral", "#a");
+    expect(literal.poundSign, isNotNull);
+    List<Token> components = literal.components;
+    expect(components, hasLength(1));
+    expect(components[0].lexeme, "a");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseSymbolLiteral_void() {
+    SymbolLiteral literal = parse4("parseSymbolLiteral", "#void");
+    expect(literal.poundSign, isNotNull);
+    List<Token> components = literal.components;
+    expect(components, hasLength(1));
+    expect(components[0].lexeme, "void");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseThrowExpression() {
+    ThrowExpression expression = parse4("parseThrowExpression", "throw x;");
+    expect(expression.throwKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.expression, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseThrowExpressionWithoutCascade() {
+    ThrowExpression expression =
+        parse4("parseThrowExpressionWithoutCascade", "throw x;");
+    expect(expression.throwKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.expression, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTryStatement_catch() {
+    TryStatement statement = parse4("parseTryStatement", "try {} catch (e) {}");
+    expect(statement.tryKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.body, isNotNull);
+    NodeList<CatchClause> catchClauses = statement.catchClauses;
+    expect(catchClauses, hasLength(1));
+    CatchClause clause = catchClauses[0];
+    expect(clause.onKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(clause.exceptionType, isNull);
+    expect(clause.catchKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(clause.exceptionParameter, isNotNull);
+    expect(clause.comma, isNull);
+    expect(clause.stackTraceParameter, isNull);
+    expect(clause.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.finallyKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(statement.finallyBlock, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTryStatement_catch_finally() {
+    TryStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseTryStatement", "try {} catch (e, s) {} finally {}");
+    expect(statement.tryKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.body, isNotNull);
+    NodeList<CatchClause> catchClauses = statement.catchClauses;
+    expect(catchClauses, hasLength(1));
+    CatchClause clause = catchClauses[0];
+    expect(clause.onKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(clause.exceptionType, isNull);
+    expect(clause.catchKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(clause.exceptionParameter, isNotNull);
+    expect(clause.comma, isNotNull);
+    expect(clause.stackTraceParameter, isNotNull);
+    expect(clause.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.finallyKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.finallyBlock, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTryStatement_finally() {
+    TryStatement statement = parse4("parseTryStatement", "try {} finally {}");
+    expect(statement.tryKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.catchClauses, hasLength(0));
+    expect(statement.finallyKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.finallyBlock, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTryStatement_multiple() {
+    TryStatement statement = parse4("parseTryStatement",
+        "try {} on NPE catch (e) {} on Error {} catch (e) {}");
+    expect(statement.tryKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.catchClauses, hasLength(3));
+    expect(statement.finallyKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(statement.finallyBlock, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTryStatement_on() {
+    TryStatement statement = parse4("parseTryStatement", "try {} on Error {}");
+    expect(statement.tryKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.body, isNotNull);
+    NodeList<CatchClause> catchClauses = statement.catchClauses;
+    expect(catchClauses, hasLength(1));
+    CatchClause clause = catchClauses[0];
+    expect(clause.onKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(clause.exceptionType, isNotNull);
+    expect(clause.catchKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(clause.exceptionParameter, isNull);
+    expect(clause.comma, isNull);
+    expect(clause.stackTraceParameter, isNull);
+    expect(clause.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.finallyKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(statement.finallyBlock, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTryStatement_on_catch() {
+    TryStatement statement =
+        parse4("parseTryStatement", "try {} on Error catch (e, s) {}");
+    expect(statement.tryKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.body, isNotNull);
+    NodeList<CatchClause> catchClauses = statement.catchClauses;
+    expect(catchClauses, hasLength(1));
+    CatchClause clause = catchClauses[0];
+    expect(clause.onKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(clause.exceptionType, isNotNull);
+    expect(clause.catchKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(clause.exceptionParameter, isNotNull);
+    expect(clause.comma, isNotNull);
+    expect(clause.stackTraceParameter, isNotNull);
+    expect(clause.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.finallyKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(statement.finallyBlock, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTryStatement_on_catch_finally() {
+    TryStatement statement = parse4(
+        "parseTryStatement", "try {} on Error catch (e, s) {} finally {}");
+    expect(statement.tryKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.body, isNotNull);
+    NodeList<CatchClause> catchClauses = statement.catchClauses;
+    expect(catchClauses, hasLength(1));
+    CatchClause clause = catchClauses[0];
+    expect(clause.onKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(clause.exceptionType, isNotNull);
+    expect(clause.catchKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(clause.exceptionParameter, isNotNull);
+    expect(clause.comma, isNotNull);
+    expect(clause.stackTraceParameter, isNotNull);
+    expect(clause.body, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.finallyKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.finallyBlock, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTypeAlias_function_noParameters() {
+    FunctionTypeAlias typeAlias = parse("parseTypeAlias",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "typedef bool F();");
+    expect(typeAlias.typedefKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.returnType, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.semicolon, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.typeParameters, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTypeAlias_function_noReturnType() {
+    FunctionTypeAlias typeAlias = parse(
+        "parseTypeAlias", <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "typedef F();");
+    expect(typeAlias.typedefKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.returnType, isNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.semicolon, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.typeParameters, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTypeAlias_function_parameterizedReturnType() {
+    FunctionTypeAlias typeAlias = parse("parseTypeAlias",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "typedef A<B> F();");
+    expect(typeAlias.typedefKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.returnType, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.semicolon, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.typeParameters, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTypeAlias_function_parameters() {
+    FunctionTypeAlias typeAlias = parse("parseTypeAlias",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "typedef bool F(Object value);");
+    expect(typeAlias.typedefKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.returnType, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.semicolon, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.typeParameters, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTypeAlias_function_typeParameters() {
+    FunctionTypeAlias typeAlias = parse("parseTypeAlias",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "typedef bool F<E>();");
+    expect(typeAlias.typedefKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.returnType, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.semicolon, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.typeParameters, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTypeAlias_function_voidReturnType() {
+    FunctionTypeAlias typeAlias = parse("parseTypeAlias",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()], "typedef void F();");
+    expect(typeAlias.typedefKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.parameters, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.returnType, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.semicolon, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeAlias.typeParameters, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTypeArgumentList_empty() {
+    TypeArgumentList argumentList = parse4(
+        "parseTypeArgumentList", "<>", [ParserErrorCode.EXPECTED_TYPE_NAME]);
+    expect(argumentList.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(argumentList.arguments, hasLength(1));
+    expect(argumentList.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTypeArgumentList_multiple() {
+    TypeArgumentList argumentList =
+        parse4("parseTypeArgumentList", "<int, int, int>");
+    expect(argumentList.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(argumentList.arguments, hasLength(3));
+    expect(argumentList.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTypeArgumentList_nested() {
+    TypeArgumentList argumentList = parse4("parseTypeArgumentList", "<A<B>>");
+    expect(argumentList.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(argumentList.arguments, hasLength(1));
+    TypeName argument = argumentList.arguments[0];
+    expect(argument, isNotNull);
+    TypeArgumentList innerList = argument.typeArguments;
+    expect(innerList, isNotNull);
+    expect(innerList.arguments, hasLength(1));
+    expect(argumentList.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTypeArgumentList_nested_withComment_double() {
+    TypeArgumentList argumentList =
+        parse4("parseTypeArgumentList", "<A<B /* 0 */ >>");
+    expect(argumentList.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(argumentList.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(argumentList.arguments, hasLength(1));
+
+    TypeName argument = argumentList.arguments[0];
+    expect(argument, isNotNull);
+
+    TypeArgumentList innerList = argument.typeArguments;
+    expect(innerList, isNotNull);
+    expect(innerList.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(innerList.arguments, hasLength(1));
+    expect(innerList.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(innerList.rightBracket.precedingComments, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTypeArgumentList_nested_withComment_tripple() {
+    TypeArgumentList argumentList =
+        parse4("parseTypeArgumentList", "<A<B<C /* 0 */ >>>");
+    expect(argumentList.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(argumentList.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(argumentList.arguments, hasLength(1));
+
+    TypeName argument = argumentList.arguments[0];
+    expect(argument, isNotNull);
+
+    TypeArgumentList innerList = argument.typeArguments;
+    expect(innerList, isNotNull);
+    expect(innerList.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(innerList.arguments, hasLength(1));
+    expect(innerList.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+
+    TypeName innerArgument = innerList.arguments[0];
+    expect(innerArgument, isNotNull);
+
+    TypeArgumentList innerInnerList = innerArgument.typeArguments;
+    expect(innerInnerList, isNotNull);
+    expect(innerInnerList.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(innerInnerList.arguments, hasLength(1));
+    expect(innerInnerList.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(innerInnerList.rightBracket.precedingComments, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTypeArgumentList_single() {
+    TypeArgumentList argumentList = parse4("parseTypeArgumentList", "<int>");
+    expect(argumentList.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(argumentList.arguments, hasLength(1));
+    expect(argumentList.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTypeName_parameterized() {
+    TypeName typeName = parse4("parseTypeName", "List<int>");
+    expect(typeName.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeName.typeArguments, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTypeName_simple() {
+    TypeName typeName = parse4("parseTypeName", "int");
+    expect(typeName.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(typeName.typeArguments, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTypeParameter_bounded() {
+    TypeParameter parameter = parse4("parseTypeParameter", "A extends B");
+    expect(parameter.bound, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.extendsKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameter.name, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTypeParameter_simple() {
+    TypeParameter parameter = parse4("parseTypeParameter", "A");
+    expect(parameter.bound, isNull);
+    expect(parameter.extendsKeyword, isNull);
+    expect(parameter.name, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTypeParameterList_multiple() {
+    TypeParameterList parameterList =
+        parse4("parseTypeParameterList", "<A, B extends C, D>");
+    expect(parameterList.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.typeParameters, hasLength(3));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTypeParameterList_parameterizedWithTrailingEquals() {
+    TypeParameterList parameterList =
+        parse4("parseTypeParameterList", "<A extends B<E>>=");
+    expect(parameterList.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.typeParameters, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTypeParameterList_single() {
+    TypeParameterList parameterList = parse4("parseTypeParameterList", "<A>");
+    expect(parameterList.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.typeParameters, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseTypeParameterList_withTrailingEquals() {
+    TypeParameterList parameterList = parse4("parseTypeParameterList", "<A>=");
+    expect(parameterList.leftBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.rightBracket, isNotNull);
+    expect(parameterList.typeParameters, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseUnaryExpression_decrement_normal() {
+    PrefixExpression expression = parse4("parseUnaryExpression", "--x");
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.MINUS_MINUS);
+    expect(expression.operand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseUnaryExpression_decrement_super() {
+    PrefixExpression expression = parse4("parseUnaryExpression", "--super");
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.MINUS);
+    Expression innerExpression = expression.operand;
+    expect(innerExpression, isNotNull);
+    expect(innerExpression is PrefixExpression, isTrue);
+    PrefixExpression operand = innerExpression as PrefixExpression;
+    expect(operand.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(operand.operator.type, TokenType.MINUS);
+    expect(operand.operand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseUnaryExpression_decrement_super_propertyAccess() {
+    PrefixExpression expression = parse4("parseUnaryExpression", "--super.x");
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.MINUS_MINUS);
+    expect(expression.operand, isNotNull);
+    PropertyAccess operand = expression.operand as PropertyAccess;
+    expect(operand.target is SuperExpression, isTrue);
+    expect(operand.propertyName.name, "x");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseUnaryExpression_decrement_super_withComment() {
+    PrefixExpression expression =
+        parse4("parseUnaryExpression", "/* 0 */ --super");
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.MINUS);
+    expect(expression.operator.precedingComments, isNotNull);
+    Expression innerExpression = expression.operand;
+    expect(innerExpression, isNotNull);
+    expect(innerExpression is PrefixExpression, isTrue);
+    PrefixExpression operand = innerExpression as PrefixExpression;
+    expect(operand.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(operand.operator.type, TokenType.MINUS);
+    expect(operand.operand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseUnaryExpression_increment_normal() {
+    PrefixExpression expression = parse4("parseUnaryExpression", "++x");
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.PLUS_PLUS);
+    expect(expression.operand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseUnaryExpression_increment_super_index() {
+    PrefixExpression expression = parse4("parseUnaryExpression", "++super[0]");
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.PLUS_PLUS);
+    expect(expression.operand, isNotNull);
+    IndexExpression operand = expression.operand as IndexExpression;
+    expect(operand.realTarget is SuperExpression, isTrue);
+    expect(operand.index is IntegerLiteral, isTrue);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseUnaryExpression_increment_super_propertyAccess() {
+    PrefixExpression expression = parse4("parseUnaryExpression", "++super.x");
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.PLUS_PLUS);
+    expect(expression.operand, isNotNull);
+    PropertyAccess operand = expression.operand as PropertyAccess;
+    expect(operand.target is SuperExpression, isTrue);
+    expect(operand.propertyName.name, "x");
+  }
+
+  void test_parseUnaryExpression_minus_normal() {
+    PrefixExpression expression = parse4("parseUnaryExpression", "-x");
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.MINUS);
+    expect(expression.operand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseUnaryExpression_minus_super() {
+    PrefixExpression expression = parse4("parseUnaryExpression", "-super");
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.MINUS);
+    expect(expression.operand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseUnaryExpression_not_normal() {
+    PrefixExpression expression = parse4("parseUnaryExpression", "!x");
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.BANG);
+    expect(expression.operand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseUnaryExpression_not_super() {
+    PrefixExpression expression = parse4("parseUnaryExpression", "!super");
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.BANG);
+    expect(expression.operand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseUnaryExpression_tilda_normal() {
+    PrefixExpression expression = parse4("parseUnaryExpression", "~x");
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.TILDE);
+    expect(expression.operand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseUnaryExpression_tilda_super() {
+    PrefixExpression expression = parse4("parseUnaryExpression", "~super");
+    expect(expression.operator, isNotNull);
+    expect(expression.operator.type, TokenType.TILDE);
+    expect(expression.operand, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseVariableDeclaration_equals() {
+    VariableDeclaration declaration =
+        parse4("parseVariableDeclaration", "a = b");
+    expect(declaration.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.equals, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.initializer, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseVariableDeclaration_noEquals() {
+    VariableDeclaration declaration = parse4("parseVariableDeclaration", "a");
+    expect(declaration.name, isNotNull);
+    expect(declaration.equals, isNull);
+    expect(declaration.initializer, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseVariableDeclarationListAfterMetadata_const_noType() {
+    VariableDeclarationList declarationList = parse(
+        "parseVariableDeclarationListAfterMetadata",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "const a");
+    expect(declarationList.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declarationList.type, isNull);
+    expect(declarationList.variables, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseVariableDeclarationListAfterMetadata_const_type() {
+    VariableDeclarationList declarationList = parse(
+        "parseVariableDeclarationListAfterMetadata",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "const A a");
+    expect(declarationList.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declarationList.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(declarationList.variables, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseVariableDeclarationListAfterMetadata_final_noType() {
+    VariableDeclarationList declarationList = parse(
+        "parseVariableDeclarationListAfterMetadata",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "final a");
+    expect(declarationList.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declarationList.type, isNull);
+    expect(declarationList.variables, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseVariableDeclarationListAfterMetadata_final_type() {
+    VariableDeclarationList declarationList = parse(
+        "parseVariableDeclarationListAfterMetadata",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "final A a");
+    expect(declarationList.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declarationList.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(declarationList.variables, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseVariableDeclarationListAfterMetadata_type_multiple() {
+    VariableDeclarationList declarationList = parse(
+        "parseVariableDeclarationListAfterMetadata",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "A a, b, c");
+    expect(declarationList.keyword, isNull);
+    expect(declarationList.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(declarationList.variables, hasLength(3));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseVariableDeclarationListAfterMetadata_type_single() {
+    VariableDeclarationList declarationList = parse(
+        "parseVariableDeclarationListAfterMetadata",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "A a");
+    expect(declarationList.keyword, isNull);
+    expect(declarationList.type, isNotNull);
+    expect(declarationList.variables, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseVariableDeclarationListAfterMetadata_var_multiple() {
+    VariableDeclarationList declarationList = parse(
+        "parseVariableDeclarationListAfterMetadata",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "var a, b, c");
+    expect(declarationList.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declarationList.type, isNull);
+    expect(declarationList.variables, hasLength(3));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseVariableDeclarationListAfterMetadata_var_single() {
+    VariableDeclarationList declarationList = parse(
+        "parseVariableDeclarationListAfterMetadata",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "var a");
+    expect(declarationList.keyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(declarationList.type, isNull);
+    expect(declarationList.variables, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseVariableDeclarationListAfterType_type() {
+    TypeName type = new TypeName(new SimpleIdentifier(null), null);
+    VariableDeclarationList declarationList = parse(
+        "parseVariableDeclarationListAfterType",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata(), null, type],
+        "a");
+    expect(declarationList.keyword, isNull);
+    expect(declarationList.type, type);
+    expect(declarationList.variables, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseVariableDeclarationListAfterType_var() {
+    Token keyword = TokenFactory.tokenFromKeyword(Keyword.VAR);
+    VariableDeclarationList declarationList = parse(
+        "parseVariableDeclarationListAfterType",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata(), keyword, null],
+        "a, b, c");
+    expect(declarationList.keyword, keyword);
+    expect(declarationList.type, isNull);
+    expect(declarationList.variables, hasLength(3));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseVariableDeclarationStatementAfterMetadata_multiple() {
+    VariableDeclarationStatement statement = parse(
+        "parseVariableDeclarationStatementAfterMetadata",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "var x, y, z;");
+    expect(statement.semicolon, isNotNull);
+    VariableDeclarationList variableList = statement.variables;
+    expect(variableList, isNotNull);
+    expect(variableList.variables, hasLength(3));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseVariableDeclarationStatementAfterMetadata_single() {
+    VariableDeclarationStatement statement = parse(
+        "parseVariableDeclarationStatementAfterMetadata",
+        <Object>[emptyCommentAndMetadata()],
+        "var x;");
+    expect(statement.semicolon, isNotNull);
+    VariableDeclarationList variableList = statement.variables;
+    expect(variableList, isNotNull);
+    expect(variableList.variables, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseWhileStatement() {
+    WhileStatement statement = parse4("parseWhileStatement", "while (x) {}");
+    expect(statement.whileKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.leftParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.condition, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.rightParenthesis, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.body, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseWithClause_multiple() {
+    WithClause clause = parse4("parseWithClause", "with A, B, C");
+    expect(clause.withKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(clause.mixinTypes, hasLength(3));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseWithClause_single() {
+    WithClause clause = parse4("parseWithClause", "with M");
+    expect(clause.withKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(clause.mixinTypes, hasLength(1));
+  }
+
+  void test_parseYieldStatement_each() {
+    YieldStatement statement = parse4("parseYieldStatement", "yield* x;");
+    expect(statement.yieldKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.star, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.expression, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_parseYieldStatement_normal() {
+    YieldStatement statement = parse4("parseYieldStatement", "yield x;");
+    expect(statement.yieldKeyword, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.star, isNull);
+    expect(statement.expression, isNotNull);
+    expect(statement.semicolon, isNotNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_skipPrefixedIdentifier_invalid() {
+    Token following = _skip("skipPrefixedIdentifier", "+");
+    expect(following, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_skipPrefixedIdentifier_notPrefixed() {
+    Token following = _skip("skipPrefixedIdentifier", "a +");
+    expect(following, isNotNull);
+    expect(following.type, TokenType.PLUS);
+  }
+
+  void test_skipPrefixedIdentifier_prefixed() {
+    Token following = _skip("skipPrefixedIdentifier", "a.b +");
+    expect(following, isNotNull);
+    expect(following.type, TokenType.PLUS);
+  }
+
+  void test_skipReturnType_invalid() {
+    Token following = _skip("skipReturnType", "+");
+    expect(following, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_skipReturnType_type() {
+    Token following = _skip("skipReturnType", "C +");
+    expect(following, isNotNull);
+    expect(following.type, TokenType.PLUS);
+  }
+
+  void test_skipReturnType_void() {
+    Token following = _skip("skipReturnType", "void +");
+    expect(following, isNotNull);
+    expect(following.type, TokenType.PLUS);
+  }
+
+  void test_skipSimpleIdentifier_identifier() {
+    Token following = _skip("skipSimpleIdentifier", "i +");
+    expect(following, isNotNull);
+    expect(following.type, TokenType.PLUS);
+  }
+
+  void test_skipSimpleIdentifier_invalid() {
+    Token following = _skip("skipSimpleIdentifier", "9 +");
+    expect(following, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_skipSimpleIdentifier_pseudoKeyword() {
+    Token following = _skip("skipSimpleIdentifier", "as +");
+    expect(following, isNotNull);
+    expect(following.type, TokenType.PLUS);
+  }
+
+  void test_skipStringLiteral_adjacent() {
+    Token following = _skip("skipStringLiteral", "'a' 'b' +");
+    expect(following, isNotNull);
+    expect(following.type, TokenType.PLUS);
+  }
+
+  void test_skipStringLiteral_interpolated() {
+    Token following = _skip("skipStringLiteral", "'a\${b}c' +");
+    expect(following, isNotNull);
+    expect(following.type, TokenType.PLUS);
+  }
+
+  void test_skipStringLiteral_invalid() {
+    Token following = _skip("skipStringLiteral", "a");
+    expect(following, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_skipStringLiteral_single() {
+    Token following = _skip("skipStringLiteral", "'a' +");
+    expect(following, isNotNull);
+    expect(following.type, TokenType.PLUS);
+  }
+
+  void test_skipTypeArgumentList_invalid() {
+    Token following = _skip("skipTypeArgumentList", "+");
+    expect(following, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_skipTypeArgumentList_multiple() {
+    Token following = _skip("skipTypeArgumentList", "<E, F, G> +");
+    expect(following, isNotNull);
+    expect(following.type, TokenType.PLUS);
+  }
+
+  void test_skipTypeArgumentList_single() {
+    Token following = _skip("skipTypeArgumentList", "<E> +");
+    expect(following, isNotNull);
+    expect(following.type, TokenType.PLUS);
+  }
+
+  void test_skipTypeName_invalid() {
+    Token following = _skip("skipTypeName", "+");
+    expect(following, isNull);
+  }
+
+  void test_skipTypeName_parameterized() {
+    Token following = _skip("skipTypeName", "C<E<F<G>>> +");
+    expect(following, isNotNull);
+    expect(following.type, TokenType.PLUS);
+  }
+
+  void test_skipTypeName_simple() {
+    Token following = _skip("skipTypeName", "C +");
+    expect(following, isNotNull);
+    expect(following.type, TokenType.PLUS);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Invoke the method [Parser.computeStringValue] with the given argument.
+   *
+   * @param lexeme the argument to the method
+   * @param first `true` if this is the first token in a string literal
+   * @param last `true` if this is the last token in a string literal
+   * @return the result of invoking the method
+   * @throws Exception if the method could not be invoked or throws an exception
+   */
+  String _computeStringValue(String lexeme, bool first, bool last) {
+    AnalysisErrorListener listener =
+        new AnalysisErrorListener_SimpleParserTest_computeStringValue();
+    Parser parser = new Parser(null, listener);
+    return invokeParserMethodImpl(
+            parser, "computeStringValue", <Object>[lexeme, first, last], null)
+        as String;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Invoke the method [Parser.createSyntheticIdentifier] with the parser set to the token
+   * stream produced by scanning the given source.
+   *
+   * @param source the source to be scanned to produce the token stream being tested
+   * @return the result of invoking the method
+   * @throws Exception if the method could not be invoked or throws an exception
+   */
+  SimpleIdentifier _createSyntheticIdentifier() {
+    GatheringErrorListener listener = new GatheringErrorListener();
+    return invokeParserMethod2("createSyntheticIdentifier", "", listener);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Invoke the method [Parser.createSyntheticIdentifier] with the parser set to the token
+   * stream produced by scanning the given source.
+   *
+   * @param source the source to be scanned to produce the token stream being tested
+   * @return the result of invoking the method
+   * @throws Exception if the method could not be invoked or throws an exception
+   */
+  SimpleStringLiteral _createSyntheticStringLiteral() {
+    GatheringErrorListener listener = new GatheringErrorListener();
+    return invokeParserMethod2("createSyntheticStringLiteral", "", listener);
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Invoke the method [Parser.isFunctionDeclaration] with the parser set to the token
+   * stream produced by scanning the given source.
+   *
+   * @param source the source to be scanned to produce the token stream being tested
+   * @return the result of invoking the method
+   * @throws Exception if the method could not be invoked or throws an exception
+   */
+  bool _isFunctionDeclaration(String source) {
+    GatheringErrorListener listener = new GatheringErrorListener();
+    return invokeParserMethod2("isFunctionDeclaration", source, listener)
+        as bool;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Invoke the method [Parser.isFunctionExpression] with the parser set to the token stream
+   * produced by scanning the given source.
+   *
+   * @param source the source to be scanned to produce the token stream being tested
+   * @return the result of invoking the method
+   * @throws Exception if the method could not be invoked or throws an exception
+   */
+  bool _isFunctionExpression(String source) {
+    GatheringErrorListener listener = new GatheringErrorListener();
+    //
+    // Scan the source.
+    //
+    Scanner scanner =
+        new Scanner(null, new CharSequenceReader(source), listener);
+    Token tokenStream = scanner.tokenize();
+    //
+    // Parse the source.
+    //
+    Parser parser = new Parser(null, listener);
+    return invokeParserMethodImpl(
+            parser, "isFunctionExpression", <Object>[tokenStream], tokenStream)
+        as bool;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Invoke the method [Parser.isInitializedVariableDeclaration] with the parser set to the
+   * token stream produced by scanning the given source.
+   *
+   * @param source the source to be scanned to produce the token stream being tested
+   * @return the result of invoking the method
+   * @throws Exception if the method could not be invoked or throws an exception
+   */
+  bool _isInitializedVariableDeclaration(String source) {
+    GatheringErrorListener listener = new GatheringErrorListener();
+    return invokeParserMethod2(
+        "isInitializedVariableDeclaration", source, listener) as bool;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Invoke the method [Parser.isSwitchMember] with the parser set to the token stream
+   * produced by scanning the given source.
+   *
+   * @param source the source to be scanned to produce the token stream being tested
+   * @return the result of invoking the method
+   * @throws Exception if the method could not be invoked or throws an exception
+   */
+  bool _isSwitchMember(String source) {
+    GatheringErrorListener listener = new GatheringErrorListener();
+    return invokeParserMethod2("isSwitchMember", source, listener) as bool;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Parse the given source as a compilation unit.
+   *
+   * @param source the source to be parsed
+   * @param errorCodes the error codes of the errors that are expected to be found
+   * @return the compilation unit that was parsed
+   * @throws Exception if the source could not be parsed, if the compilation errors in the source do
+   *           not match those that are expected, or if the result would have been `null`
+   */
+  CompilationUnit _parseDirectives(String source,
+      [List<ErrorCode> errorCodes = ErrorCode.EMPTY_LIST]) {
+    GatheringErrorListener listener = new GatheringErrorListener();
+    Scanner scanner =
+        new Scanner(null, new CharSequenceReader(source), listener);
+    listener.setLineInfo(new TestSource(), scanner.lineStarts);
+    Token token = scanner.tokenize();
+    Parser parser = new Parser(null, listener);
+    CompilationUnit unit = parser.parseDirectives(token);
+    expect(unit, isNotNull);
+    expect(unit.declarations, hasLength(0));
+    listener.assertErrorsWithCodes(errorCodes);
+    return unit;
+  }
+
+  /**
+   * Invoke a "skip" method in [Parser]. The method is assumed to take a token as it's
+   * parameter and is given the first token in the scanned source.
+   *
+   * @param methodName the name of the method that should be invoked
+   * @param source the source to be processed by the method
+   * @return the result of invoking the method
+   * @throws Exception if the method could not be invoked or throws an exception
+   * @throws AssertionFailedError if the result is `null`
+   */
+  Token _skip(String methodName, String source) {
+    GatheringErrorListener listener = new GatheringErrorListener();
+    //
+    // Scan the source.
+    //
+    Scanner scanner =
+        new Scanner(null, new CharSequenceReader(source), listener);
+    Token tokenStream = scanner.tokenize();
+    //
+    // Parse the source.
+    //
+    Parser parser = new Parser(null, listener);
+    return invokeParserMethodImpl(
+        parser, methodName, <Object>[tokenStream], tokenStream) as Token;
+  }
+}