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| 1 // Copyright 2015 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved. | |
| 2 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be | |
| 3 // found in the LICENSE file. | |
| 4 | |
| 5 #ifndef BASE_TRACE_EVENT_MEMORY_PROFILER_ALLOCATION_REGISTER_H_ | |
| 6 #define BASE_TRACE_EVENT_MEMORY_PROFILER_ALLOCATION_REGISTER_H_ | |
| 7 | |
| 8 #include <stdint.h> | |
| 9 | |
| 10 #include "base/logging.h" | |
| 11 #include "base/trace_event/memory_profiler_allocation_context.h" | |
| 12 | |
| 13 namespace base { | |
| 14 namespace trace_event { | |
| 15 | |
| 16 // The allocation register keeps track of all allocations that have not been | |
| 17 // freed. It is a memory map-backed hash table that stores size and context | |
| 18 // indexed by address. The hash table is tailored specifically for this use | |
| 19 // case. The common case is that an entry is inserted and removed after a | |
| 20 // while, lookup without modifying the table is not an intended use case. The | |
| 21 // hash table is implemented as an array of linked lists. The size of this | |
| 22 // array is fixed, but it does not limit the amount of entries that can be | |
| 23 // stored. | |
| 24 // | |
| 25 // Replaying a recording of Chrome's allocations and frees against this hash | |
| 26 // table takes about 15% of the time that it takes to replay them against | |
| 27 // |std::map|. | |
| 28 class BASE_EXPORT AllocationRegister { | |
| 29 public: | |
| 30 // The data stored in the hash table; | |
| 31 // contains the details about an allocation. | |
| 32 struct Allocation { | |
| 33 void* address; | |
| 34 size_t size; | |
| 35 AllocationContext context; | |
| 36 }; | |
| 37 | |
| 38 // An iterator that iterates entries in the hash table efficiently, but in no | |
| 39 // particular order. It can do this by iterating the cells and ignoring the | |
| 40 // linked lists altogether. Instead of checking whether a cell is in the free | |
| 41 // list to see if it should be skipped, a null address is used to indicate | |
| 42 // that a cell is free. | |
| 43 class BASE_EXPORT ConstIterator { | |
| 44 public: | |
| 45 void operator++(); | |
| 46 bool operator!=(const ConstIterator& other) const; | |
| 47 const Allocation& operator*() const; | |
| 48 | |
| 49 private: | |
| 50 friend class AllocationRegister; | |
| 51 using CellIndex = uint32_t; | |
| 52 | |
| 53 ConstIterator(const AllocationRegister& alloc_register, CellIndex index); | |
| 54 | |
| 55 const AllocationRegister& register_; | |
| 56 CellIndex index_; | |
| 57 }; | |
| 58 | |
| 59 AllocationRegister(); | |
| 60 ~AllocationRegister(); | |
| 61 | |
| 62 // Inserts allocation details into the table. If the address was present | |
| 63 // already, its details are updated. |address| must not be null. (This is | |
| 64 // because null is used to mark free cells, to allow efficient iteration of | |
| 65 // the hash table.) | |
| 66 void Insert(void* address, size_t size, AllocationContext context); | |
| 67 | |
| 68 // Removes the address from the table if it is present. It is ok to call this | |
| 69 // with a null pointer. | |
| 70 void Remove(void* address); | |
| 71 | |
| 72 ConstIterator begin() const; | |
| 73 ConstIterator end() const; | |
| 74 | |
| 75 private: | |
| 76 friend class AllocationRegisterTest; | |
| 77 using CellIndex = uint32_t; | |
| 78 | |
| 79 // A cell can store allocation details (size and context) by address. Cells | |
| 80 // are part of a linked list via the |next| member. This list is either the | |
| 81 // list for a particular hash, or the free list. All cells are contiguous in | |
| 82 // memory in one big array. Therefore, on 64-bit systems, space can be saved | |
| 83 // by storing 32-bit indices instead of pointers as links. Index 0 is used as | |
| 84 // the list terminator. | |
| 85 struct Cell { | |
| 86 CellIndex next; | |
| 87 Allocation allocation; | |
| 88 }; | |
| 89 | |
| 90 // The number of buckets, 2^18, approximately 260 000, has been tuned for | |
| 91 // Chrome's typical number of outstanding allocations. (This number varies | |
| 92 // between processes. Most processes have a sustained load of ~30k unfreed | |
| 93 // allocations, but some processes have peeks around 100k-400k allocations.) | |
| 94 // Because of the size of the table, it is likely that every |buckets_| | |
| 95 // access and every |cells_| access will incur a cache miss. Microbenchmarks | |
| 96 // suggest that it is worthwile to use more memory for the table to avoid | |
| 97 // chasing down the linked list, until the size is 2^18. The number of buckets | |
| 98 // is a power of two so modular indexing can be done with bitwise and. | |
| 99 static const uint32_t kNumBuckets = 0x40000; | |
| 100 static const uint32_t kNumBucketsMask = kNumBuckets - 1; | |
| 101 | |
| 102 // Reserve address space to store at most this number of entries. High | |
| 103 // capacity does not imply high memory usage due to the access pattern. The | |
| 104 // only constraint on the number of cells is that on 32-bit systems address | |
| 105 // space is scarce (i.e. reserving 2GiB of address space for the entries is | |
| 106 // not an option). A value of ~3M entries is large enough to handle spikes in | |
| 107 // the number of allocations, and modest enough to require no more than a few | |
| 108 // dozens of MiB of address space. | |
| 109 static const uint32_t kNumCells = kNumBuckets * 10; | |
| 110 | |
| 111 // Returns a value in the range [0, kNumBuckets - 1] (inclusive). | |
| 112 static uint32_t Hash(void* address); | |
| 113 | |
| 114 // Allocates a region of virtual address space of |min_size| rounded up to the | |
| 115 // system page size. The memory is zeroed by the system. A guard page is added | |
| 116 // after the end. | |
| 117 static void* AllocateVirtualMemory(size_t size); | |
| 118 | |
| 119 // Frees a region of virtual address space allocated by a call to | |
| 120 // |AllocateVirtualMemory|. | |
| 121 static void FreeVirtualMemory(void* address, size_t allocated_size); | |
| 122 | |
| 123 // Returns a pointer to the variable that contains or should contain the | |
| 124 // index of the cell that stores the entry for |address|. The pointer may | |
| 125 // point at an element of |buckets_| or at the |next| member of an element of | |
| 126 // |cells_|. If the value pointed at is 0, |address| is not in the table. | |
| 127 CellIndex* Lookup(void* address); | |
| 128 | |
| 129 // Takes a cell that is not being used to store an entry (either by recycling | |
| 130 // from the free list or by taking a fresh cell) and returns its index. | |
| 131 CellIndex GetFreeCell(); | |
| 132 | |
| 133 // The array of cells. This array is backed by mmapped memory. Lower indices | |
| 134 // are accessed first, higher indices are only accessed when required. In | |
| 135 // this way, even if a huge amount of address space has been mmapped, only | |
| 136 // the cells that are actually used will be backed by physical memory. | |
| 137 Cell* const cells_; | |
| 138 | |
| 139 // The array of indices into |cells_|. |buckets_[Hash(address)]| will contain | |
| 140 // the index of the head of the linked list for |Hash(key)|. A value of 0 | |
| 141 // indicates an empty list. This array is backed by mmapped memory. | |
| 142 CellIndex* const buckets_; | |
| 143 | |
| 144 // The head of the free list. This is the index of the cell. A value of 0 | |
| 145 // means that the free list is empty. | |
| 146 CellIndex free_list_; | |
| 147 | |
| 148 // The index of the first element of |cells_| that has not been used before. | |
| 149 // If the free list is empty and a new cell is needed, the cell at this index | |
| 150 // is used. This is the high water mark for the number of entries stored. | |
| 151 CellIndex next_unused_cell_; | |
| 152 | |
| 153 DISALLOW_COPY_AND_ASSIGN(AllocationRegister); | |
| 154 }; | |
| 155 | |
| 156 } // namespace trace_event | |
| 157 } // namespace base | |
| 158 | |
| 159 #endif // BASE_TRACE_EVENT_MEMORY_PROFILER_ALLOCATION_REGISTER_H_ | |
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