[catapult] - Copy Telemetry's gsutilz over to third_party.

third_party/gsutil/third_party/httplib2/libhttplib2.tex

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+% Template for a library manual section.
+% PLEASE REMOVE THE COMMENTS AFTER USING THE TEMPLATE
+%
+% Complete documentation on the extended LaTeX markup used for Python
+% documentation is available in ``Documenting Python'', which is part
+% of the standard documentation for Python.  It may be found online
+% at:
+%
+%     http://www.python.org/doc/current/doc/doc.html
+
+% ==== 0. ====
+% Copy this file to <mydir>/lib<mymodule>.tex, and edit that file
+% according to the instructions below.
+
+
+% ==== 1. ====
+% The section prologue.  Give the section a title and provide some
+% meta-information.  References to the module should use
+% \refbimodindex, \refstmodindex, \refexmodindex or \refmodindex, as
+% appropriate.
+
+
+\section{\module{httplib2}
+         A comprehensive HTTP client library.  }
+
+% Choose one of these to specify the module module name.  If there's
+% an underscore in the name, use
+% \declaremodule[modname]{...}{mod_name} instead.
+%
+\declaremodule{}{httplib2}                     % not standard, in Python
+
+% Portability statement:  Uncomment and fill in the parameter to specify the
+% availability of the module.  The parameter can be Unix, IRIX, SunOS, Mac,
+% Windows, or lots of other stuff.  When ``Mac'' is specified, the availability
+% statement will say ``Macintosh'' and the Module Index may say ``Mac''.
+% Please use a name that has already been used whenever applicable.  If this
+% is omitted, no availability statement is produced or implied.
+%
+%   \platform{Unix}
+
+% These apply to all modules, and may be given more than once:
+
+\moduleauthor{Joe Gregorio}{joe@bitworking.org}         % Author of the module code;
+                                        % omit if not known.
+\sectionauthor{Joe Gregorio}{joe@bitworking.org}                % Author of the documentation,
+                                        % even if not a module section.
+
+
+% Leave at least one blank line after this, to simplify ad-hoc tools
+% that are sometimes used to massage these files.
+\modulesynopsis{A comprehensive HTTP client library, \module{httplib2} supports many features left out of other HTTP libraries.}
+
+
+% ==== 2. ====
+% Give a short overview of what the module does.
+% If it is platform specific, mention this.
+% Mention other important restrictions or general operating principles.
+% For example:
+
+The \module{httplib2} module is a comprehensive HTTP client library with the following features:
+
+\begin{description}
+\item[HTTP and HTTPS]  HTTPS support is only available if the socket module was compiled with SSL support.
+\item[Keep-Alive]    Supports HTTP 1.1 Keep-Alive, keeping the socket open and performing multiple requests over the same connection if possible.
+\item[Authentication] The following three types of HTTP Authentication are supported. These can be used over both HTTP and HTTPS.
+    \begin{itemize}
+        \item Digest
+        \item Basic
+        \item WSSE
+    \end{itemize}
+\item[Caching]
+    The module can optionally operate with a private cache that understands the Cache-Control: header and uses both the ETag and Last-Modified cache validators.
+\item[All Methods]
+    The module can handle any HTTP request method, not just GET and POST.
+\item[Redirects]
+    Automatically follows 3XX redirects on GETs.
+\item[Compression]
+    Handles both 'deflate' and 'gzip' types of compression.
+\item[Proxies]
+    If the Socksipy module is installed then httplib2 can handle sock4, sock5 and http proxies.
+\item[Lost update support]
+    Automatically adds back ETags into PUT requests to resources we have already cached. This implements Section 3.2 of Detecting the Lost Update Problem Using Unreserved Checkout
+\end{description}
+
+% ==== 3. ====
+% List the public functions defined by the module.  Begin with a
+% standard phrase.  You may also list the exceptions and other data
+% items defined in the module, insofar as they are important for the
+% user.
+
+The \module{httplib2} module defines the following variables:
+% ---- 3.2. ----
+% Data items are described using a ``datadesc'' block.  This has only
+% one parameter: the item's name.
+
+\begin{datadesc}{debuglevel}
+The amount of debugging information to print. The default is 0.
+\end{datadesc}
+
+\begin{datadesc}{RETRIES}
+A request will be tried 'RETRIES' times if it fails at the socket/connection level.
+The default is 2.
+\end{datadesc}
+
+% --- 3.3. ---
+% Exceptions are described using a ``excdesc'' block.  This has only
+% one parameter: the exception name.  Exceptions defined as classes in
+% the source code should be documented using this environment, but
+% constructor parameters must be omitted.
+
+The \module{httplib2} module may raise the following Exceptions. Note that
+there is an option that turns exceptions into
+normal responses with an HTTP status code indicating
+an error occured. See \member{Http.force_exception_to_status_code}
+
+\begin{excdesc}{HttpLib2Error}
+The Base Exception for all exceptions raised by httplib2.
+\end{excdesc}
+
+\begin{excdesc}{RedirectMissingLocation}
+A 3xx redirect response code was provided but no Location: header
+was provided to point to the new location.
+\end{excdesc}
+
+\begin{excdesc}{RedirectLimit}
+The maximum number of redirections was reached without coming to a final URI.
+\end{excdesc}
+
+
+\begin{excdesc}{ServerNotFoundError}
+Unable to resolve the host name given.
+\end{excdesc}
+
+\begin{excdesc}{RelativeURIError}
+A relative, as opposed to an absolute URI, was passed into request().
+\end{excdesc}
+
+\begin{excdesc}{FailedToDecompressContent}
+The headers claimed that the content of the response was compressed but the
+decompression algorithm applied to the content failed.
+\end{excdesc}
+
+\begin{excdesc}{UnimplementedDigestAuthOptionError}
+The server requested a type of Digest authentication that we
+are unfamiliar with.
+\end{excdesc}
+
+\begin{excdesc}{UnimplementedHmacDigestAuthOptionError}
+The server requested a type of HMACDigest authentication that we
+are unfamiliar with.
+\end{excdesc}
+
+% ---- 3.4. ----
+% Other standard environments:
+%
+%  classdesc    - Python classes; same arguments are funcdesc
+%  methoddesc   - methods, like funcdesc but has an optional parameter
+%                 to give the type name: \begin{methoddesc}[mytype]{name}{args}
+%                 By default, the type name will be the name of the
+%                 last class defined using classdesc.  The type name
+%                 is required if the type is implemented in C (because
+%                 there's no classdesc) or if the class isn't directly
+%                 documented (if it's private).
+%  memberdesc   - data members, like datadesc, but with an optional
+%                 type name like methoddesc.
+
+\begin{classdesc}{Http}{\optional{cache=None}, \optional{timeout=None}, \optional{proxy_info=None}}
+The class that represents a client HTTP interface.
+The \var{cache} parameter is either the name of a directory
+to be used as a flat file cache, or it must an object that
+implements the required caching interface.
+The \var{timeout} parameter is the socket level timeout.
+The \var{proxy_info} is an instance of \class{ProxyInfo} and is supplied
+if a proxy is to be used. Note that the Socksipy module must be
+installed for proxy support to work.
+\end{classdesc}
+
+\begin{classdesc}{Response}{info}
+Response is a subclass of \class{dict} and instances of this
+class are returned from calls
+to Http.request. The \var{info} parameter is either
+an \class{rfc822.Message} or an \class{httplib.HTTPResponse} object.
+\end{classdesc}
+
+\begin{classdesc}{FileCache}{dir_name, \optional{safe=safename}}
+FileCache implements a Cache as a directory of files.
+The \var{dir_name} parameter is
+the name of the directory to use. If the directory does
+not exist then FileCache attempts to create the directory.
+The optional \var{safe} parameter is a funtion which generates
+the cache filename for each URI. A FileCache object is
+constructed and used for caching when you pass a directory name
+into the constructor of \class{Http}.
+\end{classdesc}
+
+\begin{classdesc}{ProxyInfo}{proxy_type, proxy_host, proxy_port, \optional{proxy_rdns=None}, \optional{proxy_user=None}, \optional{proxy_pass=None}}
+The parameter \var{proxy_type} must be set to one of socks.PROXY_TYPE_XXX
+constants. The \var{proxy_host} and \var{proxy_port} must be set to the location
+of the proxy. The optional \var{proxy_rdns} should be set to True if
+the DNS server on the proxy should be used. The \var{proxy_user} and
+\var{proxy_pass} are supplied when the proxy is protected by authentication.
+\end{classdesc}
+
+
+% If your module defines new object types (for a built-in module) or
+% classes (for a module written in Python), you should list the
+% methods and instance variables (if any) of each type or class in a
+% separate subsection.
+
+\subsection{Http Objects}
+\label{http-objects}
+% This label is generally useful for referencing this section, but is
+% also used to give a filename when generating HTML.
+
+Http objects have the following methods:
+
+\begin{methoddesc}[Http]{request}{uri, \optional{method="GET", body=None, headers=None, redirections=DEFAULT_MAX_REDIRECTS, connection_type=None}}
+Performs a single HTTP request.
+The \var{uri} is the URI of the HTTP resource and can begin with either \code{http} or \code{https}. The value of \var{uri} must be an absolute URI.
+
+The \var{method} is the HTTP method to perform, such as \code{GET}, \code{POST}, \code{DELETE}, etc. There is no restriction
+on the methods allowed.
+
+The \var{body} is the entity body to be sent with the request. It is a string
+object.
+
+Any extra headers that are to be sent with the request should be provided in the
+\var{headers} dictionary.
+
+The maximum number of redirect to follow before raising an exception is \var{redirections}. The default is 5.
+
+The \var{connection_type} is the type of connection object to use. The supplied class
+should implement the interface of httplib.HTTPConnection.
+
+The return value is a tuple of (response, content), the first being and instance of the
+\class{Response} class, the second being a string that contains the response entity body.
+\end{methoddesc}
+
+\begin{methoddesc}[Http]{add_credentials}{name, password, \optional{domain=None}}
+Adds a name and password that will be used when a request
+requires authentication. Supplying the optional \var{domain} name will
+restrict these credentials to only be sent to the specified
+domain. If \var{domain} is not specified then the given credentials will
+be used to try to satisfy every HTTP 401 challenge.
+\end{methoddesc}
+
+\begin{methoddesc}[Http]{add_certificate}{key, cert, domain}
+Add a \var{key} and \var{cert} that will be used for an SSL connection
+to the specified domain. \var{keyfile} is the name of a PEM formatted
+file that contains your private key. \var{certfile} is a PEM formatted certificate chain file.
+\end{methoddesc}
+
+\begin{methoddesc}[Http]{clear_credentials}{}
+Remove all the names and passwords used for authentication.
+\end{methoddesc}
+
+\begin{memberdesc}[Http]{follow_redirects}
+If \code{True}, which is the default, safe redirects are followed, where
+safe means that the client is only doing a \code{GET} or \code{HEAD} on the
+URI to which it is being redirected. If \code{False} then no redirects are followed.
+Note that a False 'follow_redirects' takes precedence over a True 'follow_all_redirects'.
+Another way of saying that is for 'follow_all_redirects' to have any affect, 'follow_redirects'
+must be True.
+\end{memberdesc}
+
+\begin{memberdesc}[Http]{forward_authorization_headers}
+If \code{False}, which is the default, then Authorization: headers are
+stripped from redirects. If \code{True} then Authorization: headers are left
+in place when following redirects. This parameter only applies if following
+redirects is turned on. Note that turning this on could cause your credentials
+to leak, so carefully consider the consequences.
+\end{memberdesc}
+
+\begin{memberdesc}[Http]{follow_all_redirects}
+If \code{False}, which is the default, only safe redirects are followed, where
+safe means that the client is only doing a \code{GET} or \code{HEAD} on the
+URI to which it is being redirected. If \code{True} then all redirects are followed.
+Note that a False 'follow_redirects' takes precedence over a True 'follow_all_redirects'.
+Another way of saying that is for 'follow_all_redirects' to have any affect, 'follow_redirects'
+must be True.
+\end{memberdesc}
+
+\begin{memberdesc}[Http]{force_exception_to_status_code}
+If \code{True}, which is the default, then no \module{httplib2} exceptions will be thrown. Instead,
+those error conditions will be turned into \class{Response} objects
+that will be returned normally.
+
+If \code{False}, then exceptions will be thrown.
+\end{memberdesc}
+
+\begin{memberdesc}[Http]{ignore_etag}
+Defaults to \code{False}. If \code{True}, then any etags present in the cached response
+are ignored when processing the current request, i.e. httplib2 does \strong{not} use
+'if-match' for PUT or 'if-none-match' when GET or HEAD requests are made. This
+is mainly to deal with broken servers which supply an etag, but change it capriciously.
+\end{memberdesc}
+
+\subsection{Cache Objects}
+\label{cache-objects}
+% This label is generally useful for referencing this section, but is
+% also used to give a filename when generating HTML.
+
+If you wish to supply your own caching implementation
+then you will need to pass in an object that supports the
+following methods. Note that the \module{memcache} module
+supports this interface natively.
+
+\begin{methoddesc}[Cache]{get}{key}
+Takes a string \var{key} and returns the value as a string.
+\end{methoddesc}
+
+\begin{methoddesc}[Cache]{set}{key, value}
+Takes a string \var{key} and \var{value} and stores it in the cache.
+\end{methoddesc}
+
+\begin{methoddesc}[Cache]{delete}{key}
+Deletes the cached value stored at \var{key}. The value
+of \var{key} is a string.
+\end{methoddesc}
+
+
+
+
+\subsection{Response Objects}
+\label{response-objects}
+% This label is generally useful for referencing this section, but is
+% also used to give a filename when generating HTML.
+
+Response objects are derived from \class{dict} and map
+header names (lower case with the trailing colon removed)
+to header values. In addition to the dict methods
+a Response object also has:
+
+\begin{memberdesc}[Response]{fromcache}
+If \code{true} the the response was returned from the cache.
+\end{memberdesc}
+
+\begin{memberdesc}[Response]{version}
+The version of HTTP that the server supports. A value
+of 11 means '1.1'.
+\end{memberdesc}
+
+\begin{memberdesc}[Response]{status}
+The numerical HTTP status code returned in the response.
+\end{memberdesc}
+
+\begin{memberdesc}[Response]{reason}
+The human readable component of the HTTP response status code.
+\end{memberdesc}
+
+\begin{memberdesc}[Response]{previous}
+If redirects are followed then the \class{Response} object returned
+is just for the very last HTTP request and \var{previous} points to
+the previous \class{Response} object. In this manner they form a chain
+going back through the responses to the very first response.
+Will be \code{None} if there are no previous respones.
+\end{memberdesc}
+
+The Response object also populates the header \code{content-location}, that
+contains the URI that was ultimately requested. This is useful if
+redirects were encountered, you can determine the ultimate URI that
+the request was sent to. All Response objects contain this key value,
+including \code{previous} responses so you can determine the entire
+chain of redirects. If \member{Http.force_exception_to_status_code} is \code{True}
+and the number of redirects has exceeded the number of allowed number
+of redirects then the \class{Response} object will report the error
+in the status code, but the complete chain of previous responses will
+still be in tact.
+
+
+% ==== 4. ====
+% Now is probably a good time for a complete example.  (Alternatively,
+% an example giving the flavor of the module may be given before the
+% detailed list of functions.)
+
+\subsection{Examples \label{httplib2-example}}
+
+To do a simple \code{GET} request just supply the absolute URI
+of the resource:
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+import httplib2
+h = httplib2.Http()
+resp, content = h.request("http://bitworking.org/")
+assert resp.status == 200
+assert resp['content-type'] == 'text/html'
+\end{verbatim}
+
+Here is more complex example that does a PUT
+of some text to a resource that requires authentication.
+The Http instance also uses a file cache
+in the directory \code{.cache}.
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+import httplib2
+h = httplib2.Http(".cache")
+h.add_credentials('name', 'password')
+resp, content = h.request("https://example.org/chap/2",
+    "PUT", body="This is text",
+    headers={'content-type':'text/plain'} )
+\end{verbatim}
+
+Here is an example that connects to a server that
+supports the Atom Publishing Protocol.
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+import httplib2
+h = httplib2.Http()
+h.add_credentials(myname, mypasswd)
+h.follow_all_redirects = True
+headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/atom+xml'}
+body    = """<?xml version="1.0" ?>
+    <entry xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2005/Atom">
+      <title>Atom-Powered Robots Run Amok</title>
+      <id>urn:uuid:1225c695-cfb8-4ebb-aaaa-80da344efa6a</id>
+      <updated>2003-12-13T18:30:02Z</updated>
+      <author><name>John Doe</name></author>
+      <content>Some text.</content>
+</entry>
+"""
+uri     = "http://www.example.com/collection/"
+resp, content = h.request(uri, "POST", body=body, headers=headers)
+\end{verbatim}
+% Note that there is no trailing ">>> " prompt shown.
+
+Here is an example of providing data to an HTML form processor.
+In this case we presume this is a POST form. We need to take our
+data and format it as "application/x-www-form-urlencoded" data and use that as a
+body for a POST request.
+
+\begin{verbatim}
+>>> import httplib2
+>>> import urllib
+>>> data = {'name': 'fred', 'address': '123 shady lane'}
+>>> body = urllib.urlencode(data)
+>>> body
+'name=fred&address=123+shady+lane'
+>>> h = httplib2.Http()
+>>> resp, content = h.request("http://example.com", method="POST", body=body)
+\end{verbatim}
+% Note that there is no trailing ">>> " prompt shown.
+
+Here is an example of using a proxy server:
+\begin{verbatim}
+import httplib2
+import socks
+
+httplib2.debuglevel=4
+h = httplib2.Http(proxy_info = httplib2.ProxyInfo(socks.PROXY_TYPE_HTTP, 'localhost', 8000))
+r,c = h.request("http://bitworking.org/news/")
+\end{verbatim}
+
+
+