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| 1 A. HISTORY OF THE SOFTWARE |
| 2 ========================== |
| 3 |
| 4 Python was created in the early 1990s by Guido van Rossum at Stichting |
| 5 Mathematisch Centrum (CWI, see http://www.cwi.nl) in the Netherlands |
| 6 as a successor of a language called ABC. Guido remains Python's |
| 7 principal author, although it includes many contributions from others. |
| 8 |
| 9 In 1995, Guido continued his work on Python at the Corporation for |
| 10 National Research Initiatives (CNRI, see http://www.cnri.reston.va.us) |
| 11 in Reston, Virginia where he released several versions of the |
| 12 software. |
| 13 |
| 14 In May 2000, Guido and the Python core development team moved to |
| 15 BeOpen.com to form the BeOpen PythonLabs team. In October of the same |
| 16 year, the PythonLabs team moved to Digital Creations (now Zope |
| 17 Corporation, see http://www.zope.com). In 2001, the Python Software |
| 18 Foundation (PSF, see http://www.python.org/psf/) was formed, a |
| 19 non-profit organization created specifically to own Python-related |
| 20 Intellectual Property. Zope Corporation is a sponsoring member of |
| 21 the PSF. |
| 22 |
| 23 All Python releases are Open Source (see http://www.opensource.org for |
| 24 the Open Source Definition). Historically, most, but not all, Python |
| 25 releases have also been GPL-compatible; the table below summarizes |
| 26 the various releases. |
| 27 |
| 28 Release Derived Year Owner GPL- |
| 29 from compatible? (1) |
| 30 |
| 31 0.9.0 thru 1.2 1991-1995 CWI yes |
| 32 1.3 thru 1.5.2 1.2 1995-1999 CNRI yes |
| 33 1.6 1.5.2 2000 CNRI no |
| 34 2.0 1.6 2000 BeOpen.com no |
| 35 1.6.1 1.6 2001 CNRI yes (2) |
| 36 2.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF no |
| 37 2.0.1 2.0+1.6.1 2001 PSF yes |
| 38 2.1.1 2.1+2.0.1 2001 PSF yes |
| 39 2.2 2.1.1 2001 PSF yes |
| 40 2.1.2 2.1.1 2002 PSF yes |
| 41 2.1.3 2.1.2 2002 PSF yes |
| 42 2.2.1 2.2 2002 PSF yes |
| 43 2.2.2 2.2.1 2002 PSF yes |
| 44 2.2.3 2.2.2 2003 PSF yes |
| 45 2.3 2.2.2 2002-2003 PSF yes |
| 46 2.3.1 2.3 2002-2003 PSF yes |
| 47 2.3.2 2.3.1 2002-2003 PSF yes |
| 48 2.3.3 2.3.2 2002-2003 PSF yes |
| 49 2.3.4 2.3.3 2004 PSF yes |
| 50 2.3.5 2.3.4 2005 PSF yes |
| 51 2.4 2.3 2004 PSF yes |
| 52 2.4.1 2.4 2005 PSF yes |
| 53 2.4.2 2.4.1 2005 PSF yes |
| 54 2.4.3 2.4.2 2006 PSF yes |
| 55 2.4.4 2.4.3 2006 PSF yes |
| 56 2.5 2.4 2006 PSF yes |
| 57 2.5.1 2.5 2007 PSF yes |
| 58 2.5.2 2.5.1 2008 PSF yes |
| 59 2.5.3 2.5.2 2008 PSF yes |
| 60 2.6 2.5 2008 PSF yes |
| 61 2.6.1 2.6 2008 PSF yes |
| 62 2.6.2 2.6.1 2009 PSF yes |
| 63 2.6.3 2.6.2 2009 PSF yes |
| 64 2.6.4 2.6.3 2009 PSF yes |
| 65 2.6.5 2.6.4 2010 PSF yes |
| 66 3.0 2.6 2008 PSF yes |
| 67 3.0.1 3.0 2009 PSF yes |
| 68 3.1 3.0.1 2009 PSF yes |
| 69 3.1.1 3.1 2009 PSF yes |
| 70 3.1.2 3.1 2010 PSF yes |
| 71 |
| 72 Footnotes: |
| 73 |
| 74 (1) GPL-compatible doesn't mean that we're distributing Python under |
| 75 the GPL. All Python licenses, unlike the GPL, let you distribute |
| 76 a modified version without making your changes open source. The |
| 77 GPL-compatible licenses make it possible to combine Python with |
| 78 other software that is released under the GPL; the others don't. |
| 79 |
| 80 (2) According to Richard Stallman, 1.6.1 is not GPL-compatible, |
| 81 because its license has a choice of law clause. According to |
| 82 CNRI, however, Stallman's lawyer has told CNRI's lawyer that 1.6.1 |
| 83 is "not incompatible" with the GPL. |
| 84 |
| 85 Thanks to the many outside volunteers who have worked under Guido's |
| 86 direction to make these releases possible. |
| 87 |
| 88 |
| 89 B. TERMS AND CONDITIONS FOR ACCESSING OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON |
| 90 =============================================================== |
| 91 |
| 92 PYTHON SOFTWARE FOUNDATION LICENSE VERSION 2 |
| 93 -------------------------------------------- |
| 94 |
| 95 1. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Python Software Foundation |
| 96 ("PSF"), and the Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and |
| 97 otherwise using this software ("Python") in source or binary form and |
| 98 its associated documentation. |
| 99 |
| 100 2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, PSF hereby |
| 101 grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce, |
| 102 analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works, |
| 103 distribute, and otherwise use Python alone or in any derivative version, |
| 104 provided, however, that PSF's License Agreement and PSF's notice of copyright, |
| 105 i.e., "Copyright (c) 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010 |
| 106 Python Software Foundation; All Rights Reserved" are retained in Python alone or |
| 107 in any derivative version prepared by Licensee. |
| 108 |
| 109 3. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on |
| 110 or incorporates Python or any part thereof, and wants to make |
| 111 the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then |
| 112 Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of |
| 113 the changes made to Python. |
| 114 |
| 115 4. PSF is making Python available to Licensee on an "AS IS" |
| 116 basis. PSF MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR |
| 117 IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, PSF MAKES NO AND |
| 118 DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS |
| 119 FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON WILL NOT |
| 120 INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS. |
| 121 |
| 122 5. PSF SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON |
| 123 FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS |
| 124 A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON, |
| 125 OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF. |
| 126 |
| 127 6. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material |
| 128 breach of its terms and conditions. |
| 129 |
| 130 7. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to create any |
| 131 relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture between PSF and |
| 132 Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant permission to use PSF |
| 133 trademarks or trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote |
| 134 products or services of Licensee, or any third party. |
| 135 |
| 136 8. By copying, installing or otherwise using Python, Licensee |
| 137 agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License |
| 138 Agreement. |
| 139 |
| 140 |
| 141 BEOPEN.COM LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 2.0 |
| 142 ------------------------------------------- |
| 143 |
| 144 BEOPEN PYTHON OPEN SOURCE LICENSE AGREEMENT VERSION 1 |
| 145 |
| 146 1. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between BeOpen.com ("BeOpen"), having an |
| 147 office at 160 Saratoga Avenue, Santa Clara, CA 95051, and the |
| 148 Individual or Organization ("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using |
| 149 this software in source or binary form and its associated |
| 150 documentation ("the Software"). |
| 151 |
| 152 2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this BeOpen Python License |
| 153 Agreement, BeOpen hereby grants Licensee a non-exclusive, |
| 154 royalty-free, world-wide license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform |
| 155 and/or display publicly, prepare derivative works, distribute, and |
| 156 otherwise use the Software alone or in any derivative version, |
| 157 provided, however, that the BeOpen Python License is retained in the |
| 158 Software, alone or in any derivative version prepared by Licensee. |
| 159 |
| 160 3. BeOpen is making the Software available to Licensee on an "AS IS" |
| 161 basis. BEOPEN MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR |
| 162 IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, BEOPEN MAKES NO AND |
| 163 DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS |
| 164 FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF THE SOFTWARE WILL NOT |
| 165 INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS. |
| 166 |
| 167 4. BEOPEN SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF THE |
| 168 SOFTWARE FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS |
| 169 AS A RESULT OF USING, MODIFYING OR DISTRIBUTING THE SOFTWARE, OR ANY |
| 170 DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF. |
| 171 |
| 172 5. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material |
| 173 breach of its terms and conditions. |
| 174 |
| 175 6. This License Agreement shall be governed by and interpreted in all |
| 176 respects by the law of the State of California, excluding conflict of |
| 177 law provisions. Nothing in this License Agreement shall be deemed to |
| 178 create any relationship of agency, partnership, or joint venture |
| 179 between BeOpen and Licensee. This License Agreement does not grant |
| 180 permission to use BeOpen trademarks or trade names in a trademark |
| 181 sense to endorse or promote products or services of Licensee, or any |
| 182 third party. As an exception, the "BeOpen Python" logos available at |
| 183 http://www.pythonlabs.com/logos.html may be used according to the |
| 184 permissions granted on that web page. |
| 185 |
| 186 7. By copying, installing or otherwise using the software, Licensee |
| 187 agrees to be bound by the terms and conditions of this License |
| 188 Agreement. |
| 189 |
| 190 |
| 191 CNRI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 1.6.1 |
| 192 --------------------------------------- |
| 193 |
| 194 1. This LICENSE AGREEMENT is between the Corporation for National |
| 195 Research Initiatives, having an office at 1895 Preston White Drive, |
| 196 Reston, VA 20191 ("CNRI"), and the Individual or Organization |
| 197 ("Licensee") accessing and otherwise using Python 1.6.1 software in |
| 198 source or binary form and its associated documentation. |
| 199 |
| 200 2. Subject to the terms and conditions of this License Agreement, CNRI |
| 201 hereby grants Licensee a nonexclusive, royalty-free, world-wide |
| 202 license to reproduce, analyze, test, perform and/or display publicly, |
| 203 prepare derivative works, distribute, and otherwise use Python 1.6.1 |
| 204 alone or in any derivative version, provided, however, that CNRI's |
| 205 License Agreement and CNRI's notice of copyright, i.e., "Copyright (c) |
| 206 1995-2001 Corporation for National Research Initiatives; All Rights |
| 207 Reserved" are retained in Python 1.6.1 alone or in any derivative |
| 208 version prepared by Licensee. Alternately, in lieu of CNRI's License |
| 209 Agreement, Licensee may substitute the following text (omitting the |
| 210 quotes): "Python 1.6.1 is made available subject to the terms and |
| 211 conditions in CNRI's License Agreement. This Agreement together with |
| 212 Python 1.6.1 may be located on the Internet using the following |
| 213 unique, persistent identifier (known as a handle): 1895.22/1013. This |
| 214 Agreement may also be obtained from a proxy server on the Internet |
| 215 using the following URL: http://hdl.handle.net/1895.22/1013". |
| 216 |
| 217 3. In the event Licensee prepares a derivative work that is based on |
| 218 or incorporates Python 1.6.1 or any part thereof, and wants to make |
| 219 the derivative work available to others as provided herein, then |
| 220 Licensee hereby agrees to include in any such work a brief summary of |
| 221 the changes made to Python 1.6.1. |
| 222 |
| 223 4. CNRI is making Python 1.6.1 available to Licensee on an "AS IS" |
| 224 basis. CNRI MAKES NO REPRESENTATIONS OR WARRANTIES, EXPRESS OR |
| 225 IMPLIED. BY WAY OF EXAMPLE, BUT NOT LIMITATION, CNRI MAKES NO AND |
| 226 DISCLAIMS ANY REPRESENTATION OR WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS |
| 227 FOR ANY PARTICULAR PURPOSE OR THAT THE USE OF PYTHON 1.6.1 WILL NOT |
| 228 INFRINGE ANY THIRD PARTY RIGHTS. |
| 229 |
| 230 5. CNRI SHALL NOT BE LIABLE TO LICENSEE OR ANY OTHER USERS OF PYTHON |
| 231 1.6.1 FOR ANY INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR LOSS AS |
| 232 A RESULT OF MODIFYING, DISTRIBUTING, OR OTHERWISE USING PYTHON 1.6.1, |
| 233 OR ANY DERIVATIVE THEREOF, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY THEREOF. |
| 234 |
| 235 6. This License Agreement will automatically terminate upon a material |
| 236 breach of its terms and conditions. |
| 237 |
| 238 7. This License Agreement shall be governed by the federal |
| 239 intellectual property law of the United States, including without |
| 240 limitation the federal copyright law, and, to the extent such |
| 241 U.S. federal law does not apply, by the law of the Commonwealth of |
| 242 Virginia, excluding Virginia's conflict of law provisions. |
| 243 Notwithstanding the foregoing, with regard to derivative works based |
| 244 on Python 1.6.1 that incorporate non-separable material that was |
| 245 previously distributed under the GNU General Public License (GPL), the |
| 246 law of the Commonwealth of Virginia shall govern this License |
| 247 Agreement only as to issues arising under or with respect to |
| 248 Paragraphs 4, 5, and 7 of this License Agreement. Nothing in this |
| 249 License Agreement shall be deemed to create any relationship of |
| 250 agency, partnership, or joint venture between CNRI and Licensee. This |
| 251 License Agreement does not grant permission to use CNRI trademarks or |
| 252 trade name in a trademark sense to endorse or promote products or |
| 253 services of Licensee, or any third party. |
| 254 |
| 255 8. By clicking on the "ACCEPT" button where indicated, or by copying, |
| 256 installing or otherwise using Python 1.6.1, Licensee agrees to be |
| 257 bound by the terms and conditions of this License Agreement. |
| 258 |
| 259 ACCEPT |
| 260 |
| 261 |
| 262 CWI LICENSE AGREEMENT FOR PYTHON 0.9.0 THROUGH 1.2 |
| 263 -------------------------------------------------- |
| 264 |
| 265 Copyright (c) 1991 - 1995, Stichting Mathematisch Centrum Amsterdam, |
| 266 The Netherlands. All rights reserved. |
| 267 |
| 268 Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its |
| 269 documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted, |
| 270 provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that |
| 271 both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in |
| 272 supporting documentation, and that the name of Stichting Mathematisch |
| 273 Centrum or CWI not be used in advertising or publicity pertaining to |
| 274 distribution of the software without specific, written prior |
| 275 permission. |
| 276 |
| 277 STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES WITH REGARD TO |
| 278 THIS SOFTWARE, INCLUDING ALL IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND |
| 279 FITNESS, IN NO EVENT SHALL STICHTING MATHEMATISCH CENTRUM BE LIABLE |
| 280 FOR ANY SPECIAL, INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES OR ANY DAMAGES |
| 281 WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN |
| 282 ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT |
| 283 OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE. |
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