Revert https://codereview.chromium.org/1291903002 (protobuf roll).

third_party/protobuf/python/google/protobuf/pyext/python-proto2.cc

Index: third_party/protobuf/python/google/protobuf/pyext/python-proto2.cc
diff --git a/third_party/protobuf/python/google/protobuf/pyext/python-proto2.cc b/third_party/protobuf/python/google/protobuf/pyext/python-proto2.cc
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..eebb752b780fed78ce69f53cfc8ee9c55162dc6d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/protobuf/python/google/protobuf/pyext/python-proto2.cc
@@ -0,0 +1,1717 @@
+// Protocol Buffers - Google's data interchange format
+// Copyright 2008 Google Inc.  All rights reserved.
+// http://code.google.com/p/protobuf/
+//
+// Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without
+// modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are
+// met:
+//
+//     * Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright
+// notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
+//     * Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above
+// copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer
+// in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the
+// distribution.
+//     * Neither the name of Google Inc. nor the names of its
+// contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from
+// this software without specific prior written permission.
+//
+// THIS SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED BY THE COPYRIGHT HOLDERS AND CONTRIBUTORS
+// "AS IS" AND ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED WARRANTIES, INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, THE IMPLIED WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR
+// A PARTICULAR PURPOSE ARE DISCLAIMED. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT
+// OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL,
+// SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT
+// LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE,
+// DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY
+// THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT
+// (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE
+// OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
+
+// Author: petar@google.com (Petar Petrov)
+
+#include <Python.h>
+#include <map>
+#include <string>
+#include <vector>
+
+#include <google/protobuf/stubs/common.h>
+#include <google/protobuf/pyext/python_descriptor.h>
+#include <google/protobuf/io/coded_stream.h>
+#include <google/protobuf/descriptor.h>
+#include <google/protobuf/dynamic_message.h>
+#include <google/protobuf/message.h>
+#include <google/protobuf/unknown_field_set.h>
+#include <google/protobuf/pyext/python_protobuf.h>
+
+/* Is 64bit */
+#define IS_64BIT (SIZEOF_LONG == 8)
+
+#define FIELD_BELONGS_TO_MESSAGE(field_descriptor, message) \
+    ((message)->GetDescriptor() == (field_descriptor)->containing_type())
+
+#define FIELD_IS_REPEATED(field_descriptor)                 \
+    ((field_descriptor)->label() == google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::LABEL_REPEATED)
+
+#define GOOGLE_CHECK_GET_INT32(arg, value)                         \
+    int32 value;                                            \
+    if (!CheckAndGetInteger(arg, &value, kint32min_py, kint32max_py)) { \
+      return NULL;                                          \
+    }
+
+#define GOOGLE_CHECK_GET_INT64(arg, value)                         \
+    int64 value;                                            \
+    if (!CheckAndGetInteger(arg, &value, kint64min_py, kint64max_py)) { \
+      return NULL;                                          \
+    }
+
+#define GOOGLE_CHECK_GET_UINT32(arg, value)                        \
+    uint32 value;                                           \
+    if (!CheckAndGetInteger(arg, &value, kPythonZero, kuint32max_py)) { \
+      return NULL;                                          \
+    }
+
+#define GOOGLE_CHECK_GET_UINT64(arg, value)                        \
+    uint64 value;                                           \
+    if (!CheckAndGetInteger(arg, &value, kPythonZero, kuint64max_py)) { \
+      return NULL;                                          \
+    }
+
+#define GOOGLE_CHECK_GET_FLOAT(arg, value)                         \
+    float value;                                            \
+    if (!CheckAndGetFloat(arg, &value)) {                   \
+      return NULL;                                          \
+    }                                                       \
+
+#define GOOGLE_CHECK_GET_DOUBLE(arg, value)                        \
+    double value;                                           \
+    if (!CheckAndGetDouble(arg, &value)) {                  \
+      return NULL;                                          \
+    }
+
+#define GOOGLE_CHECK_GET_BOOL(arg, value)                          \
+    bool value;                                             \
+    if (!CheckAndGetBool(arg, &value)) {                    \
+      return NULL;                                          \
+    }
+
+#define C(str) const_cast<char*>(str)
+
+// --- Globals:
+
+// Constants used for integer type range checking.
+static PyObject* kPythonZero;
+static PyObject* kint32min_py;
+static PyObject* kint32max_py;
+static PyObject* kuint32max_py;
+static PyObject* kint64min_py;
+static PyObject* kint64max_py;
+static PyObject* kuint64max_py;
+
+namespace google {
+namespace protobuf {
+namespace python {
+
+// --- Support Routines:
+
+static void AddConstants(PyObject* module) {
+  struct NameValue {
+    char* name;
+    int32 value;
+  } constants[] = {
+    // Labels:
+    {"LABEL_OPTIONAL", google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::LABEL_OPTIONAL},
+    {"LABEL_REQUIRED", google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::LABEL_REQUIRED},
+    {"LABEL_REPEATED", google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::LABEL_REPEATED},
+    // CPP types:
+    {"CPPTYPE_MESSAGE", google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_MESSAGE},
+    // Field Types:
+    {"TYPE_MESSAGE", google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::TYPE_MESSAGE},
+    // End.
+    {NULL, 0}
+  };
+
+  for (NameValue* constant = constants;
+       constant->name != NULL; constant++) {
+    PyModule_AddIntConstant(module, constant->name, constant->value);
+  }
+}
+
+// --- CMessage Custom Type:
+
+// ------ Type Forward Declaration:
+
+struct CMessage;
+struct CMessage_Type;
+
+static void CMessageDealloc(CMessage* self);
+static int CMessageInit(CMessage* self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds);
+static PyObject* CMessageStr(CMessage* self);
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_AddMessage(CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_AddRepeatedScalar(CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_AssignRepeatedScalar(CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_ByteSize(CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_Clear(CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_ClearField(CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_ClearFieldByDescriptor(
+    CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_CopyFrom(CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_DebugString(CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_DeleteRepeatedField(CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_Equals(CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_FieldLength(CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_FindInitializationErrors(CMessage* self);
+static PyObject* CMessage_GetRepeatedMessage(CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_GetRepeatedScalar(CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_GetScalar(CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_HasField(CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_HasFieldByDescriptor(CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_IsInitialized(CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_ListFields(CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_MergeFrom(CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_MergeFromString(CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_MutableMessage(CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_NewSubMessage(CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_SetScalar(CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_SerializePartialToString(
+    CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_SerializeToString(CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_SetInParent(CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+static PyObject* CMessage_SwapRepeatedFieldElements(
+    CMessage* self, PyObject* args);
+
+// ------ Object Definition:
+
+typedef struct CMessage {
+  PyObject_HEAD
+
+  struct CMessage* parent;  // NULL if wasn't created from another message.
+  CFieldDescriptor* parent_field;
+  const char* full_name;
+  google::protobuf::Message* message;
+  bool free_message;
+  bool read_only;
+} CMessage;
+
+// ------ Method Table:
+
+#define CMETHOD(name, args, doc)   \
+  { C(#name), (PyCFunction)CMessage_##name, args, C(doc) }
+static PyMethodDef CMessageMethods[] = {
+  CMETHOD(AddMessage, METH_O,
+          "Adds a new message to a repeated composite field."),
+  CMETHOD(AddRepeatedScalar, METH_VARARGS,
+          "Adds a scalar to a repeated scalar field."),
+  CMETHOD(AssignRepeatedScalar, METH_VARARGS,
+          "Clears and sets the values of a repeated scalar field."),
+  CMETHOD(ByteSize, METH_NOARGS,
+          "Returns the size of the message in bytes."),
+  CMETHOD(Clear, METH_O,
+          "Clears a protocol message."),
+  CMETHOD(ClearField, METH_VARARGS,
+          "Clears a protocol message field by name."),
+  CMETHOD(ClearFieldByDescriptor, METH_O,
+          "Clears a protocol message field by descriptor."),
+  CMETHOD(CopyFrom, METH_O,
+          "Copies a protocol message into the current message."),
+  CMETHOD(DebugString, METH_NOARGS,
+          "Returns the debug string of a protocol message."),
+  CMETHOD(DeleteRepeatedField, METH_VARARGS,
+          "Deletes a slice of values from a repeated field."),
+  CMETHOD(Equals, METH_O,
+          "Checks if two protocol messages are equal (by identity)."),
+  CMETHOD(FieldLength, METH_O,
+          "Returns the number of elements in a repeated field."),
+  CMETHOD(FindInitializationErrors, METH_NOARGS,
+          "Returns the initialization errors of a message."),
+  CMETHOD(GetRepeatedMessage, METH_VARARGS,
+          "Returns a message from a repeated composite field."),
+  CMETHOD(GetRepeatedScalar, METH_VARARGS,
+          "Returns a scalar value from a repeated scalar field."),
+  CMETHOD(GetScalar, METH_O,
+          "Returns the scalar value of a field."),
+  CMETHOD(HasField, METH_O,
+          "Checks if a message field is set."),
+  CMETHOD(HasFieldByDescriptor, METH_O,
+          "Checks if a message field is set by given its descriptor"),
+  CMETHOD(IsInitialized, METH_NOARGS,
+          "Checks if all required fields of a protocol message are set."),
+  CMETHOD(ListFields, METH_NOARGS,
+          "Lists all set fields of a message."),
+  CMETHOD(MergeFrom, METH_O,
+          "Merges a protocol message into the current message."),
+  CMETHOD(MergeFromString, METH_O,
+          "Merges a serialized message into the current message."),
+  CMETHOD(MutableMessage, METH_O,
+          "Returns a new instance of a nested protocol message."),
+  CMETHOD(NewSubMessage, METH_O,
+          "Creates and returns a python message given the descriptor of a "
+          "composite field of the current message."),
+  CMETHOD(SetScalar, METH_VARARGS,
+          "Sets the value of a singular scalar field."),
+  CMETHOD(SerializePartialToString, METH_VARARGS,
+          "Serializes the message to a string, even if it isn't initialized."),
+  CMETHOD(SerializeToString, METH_NOARGS,
+          "Serializes the message to a string, only for initialized messages."),
+  CMETHOD(SetInParent, METH_NOARGS,
+          "Sets the has bit of the given field in its parent message."),
+  CMETHOD(SwapRepeatedFieldElements, METH_VARARGS,
+          "Swaps the elements in two positions in a repeated field."),
+  { NULL, NULL }
+};
+#undef CMETHOD
+
+static PyMemberDef CMessageMembers[] = {
+  { C("full_name"), T_STRING, offsetof(CMessage, full_name), 0, "Full name" },
+  { NULL }
+};
+
+// ------ Type Definition:
+
+// The definition for the type object that captures the type of CMessage
+// in Python.
+PyTypeObject CMessage_Type = {
+  PyObject_HEAD_INIT(&PyType_Type)
+  0,
+  C("google.protobuf.internal."
+    "_net_proto2___python."
+    "CMessage"),                       // tp_name
+  sizeof(CMessage),                    //  tp_basicsize
+  0,                                   //  tp_itemsize
+  (destructor)CMessageDealloc,         //  tp_dealloc
+  0,                                   //  tp_print
+  0,                                   //  tp_getattr
+  0,                                   //  tp_setattr
+  0,                                   //  tp_compare
+  0,                                   //  tp_repr
+  0,                                   //  tp_as_number
+  0,                                   //  tp_as_sequence
+  0,                                   //  tp_as_mapping
+  0,                                   //  tp_hash
+  0,                                   //  tp_call
+  (reprfunc)CMessageStr,               //  tp_str
+  0,                                   //  tp_getattro
+  0,                                   //  tp_setattro
+  0,                                   //  tp_as_buffer
+  Py_TPFLAGS_DEFAULT,                  //  tp_flags
+  C("A ProtocolMessage"),              //  tp_doc
+  0,                                   //  tp_traverse
+  0,                                   //  tp_clear
+  0,                                   //  tp_richcompare
+  0,                                   //  tp_weaklistoffset
+  0,                                   //  tp_iter
+  0,                                   //  tp_iternext
+  CMessageMethods,                     //  tp_methods
+  CMessageMembers,                     //  tp_members
+  0,                                   //  tp_getset
+  0,                                   //  tp_base
+  0,                                   //  tp_dict
+  0,                                   //  tp_descr_get
+  0,                                   //  tp_descr_set
+  0,                                   //  tp_dictoffset
+  (initproc)CMessageInit,              //  tp_init
+  PyType_GenericAlloc,                 //  tp_alloc
+  PyType_GenericNew,                   //  tp_new
+  PyObject_Del,                        //  tp_free
+};
+
+// ------ Helper Functions:
+
+static void FormatTypeError(PyObject* arg, char* expected_types) {
+  PyObject* repr = PyObject_Repr(arg);
+  PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+               "%.100s has type %.100s, but expected one of: %s",
+               PyString_AS_STRING(repr),
+               arg->ob_type->tp_name,
+               expected_types);
+  Py_DECREF(repr);
+}
+
+template <class T>
+static bool CheckAndGetInteger(
+    PyObject* arg, T* value, PyObject* min, PyObject* max) {
+  bool is_long = PyLong_Check(arg);
+  if (!PyInt_Check(arg) && !is_long) {
+    FormatTypeError(arg, "int, long");
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  if (PyObject_Compare(min, arg) > 0 || PyObject_Compare(max, arg) < 0) {
+    PyObject* s = PyObject_Str(arg);
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
+                 "Value out of range: %s",
+                 PyString_AS_STRING(s));
+    Py_DECREF(s);
+    return false;
+  }
+  if (is_long) {
+    if (min == kPythonZero) {
+      *value = static_cast<T>(PyLong_AsUnsignedLongLong(arg));
+    } else {
+      *value = static_cast<T>(PyLong_AsLongLong(arg));
+    }
+  } else {
+    *value = static_cast<T>(PyInt_AsLong(arg));
+  }
+  return true;
+}
+
+static bool CheckAndGetDouble(PyObject* arg, double* value) {
+  if (!PyInt_Check(arg) && !PyLong_Check(arg) &&
+      !PyFloat_Check(arg)) {
+    FormatTypeError(arg, "int, long, float");
+    return false;
+  }
+  *value = PyFloat_AsDouble(arg);
+  return true;
+}
+
+static bool CheckAndGetFloat(PyObject* arg, float* value) {
+  double double_value;
+  if (!CheckAndGetDouble(arg, &double_value)) {
+    return false;
+  }
+  *value = static_cast<float>(double_value);
+  return true;
+}
+
+static bool CheckAndGetBool(PyObject* arg, bool* value) {
+  if (!PyInt_Check(arg) && !PyBool_Check(arg) && !PyLong_Check(arg)) {
+    FormatTypeError(arg, "int, long, bool");
+    return false;
+  }
+  *value = static_cast<bool>(PyInt_AsLong(arg));
+  return true;
+}
+
+google::protobuf::DynamicMessageFactory* global_message_factory = NULL;
+static const google::protobuf::Message* CreateMessage(const char* message_type) {
+  string message_name(message_type);
+  const google::protobuf::Descriptor* descriptor =
+      GetDescriptorPool()->FindMessageTypeByName(message_name);
+  if (descriptor == NULL) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  return global_message_factory->GetPrototype(descriptor);
+}
+
+static void ReleaseSubMessage(google::protobuf::Message* message,
+                           const google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor* field_descriptor,
+                           CMessage* child_cmessage) {
+  Message* released_message = message->GetReflection()->ReleaseMessage(
+      message, field_descriptor, global_message_factory);
+  GOOGLE_DCHECK(child_cmessage->message != NULL);
+  // ReleaseMessage will return NULL which differs from
+  // child_cmessage->message, if the field does not exist.  In this case,
+  // the latter points to the default instance via a const_cast<>, so we
+  // have to reset it to a new mutable object since we are taking ownership.
+  if (released_message == NULL) {
+    const Message* prototype = global_message_factory->GetPrototype(
+        child_cmessage->message->GetDescriptor());
+    GOOGLE_DCHECK(prototype != NULL);
+    child_cmessage->message = prototype->New();
+  }
+  child_cmessage->parent = NULL;
+  child_cmessage->parent_field = NULL;
+  child_cmessage->free_message = true;
+  child_cmessage->read_only = false;
+}
+
+static bool CheckAndSetString(
+    PyObject* arg, google::protobuf::Message* message,
+    const google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor* descriptor,
+    const google::protobuf::Reflection* reflection,
+    bool append,
+    int index) {
+  GOOGLE_DCHECK(descriptor->type() == google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::TYPE_STRING ||
+         descriptor->type() == google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::TYPE_BYTES);
+  if (descriptor->type() == google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::TYPE_STRING) {
+    if (!PyString_Check(arg) && !PyUnicode_Check(arg)) {
+      FormatTypeError(arg, "str, unicode");
+      return false;
+    }
+
+    if (PyString_Check(arg)) {
+      PyObject* unicode = PyUnicode_FromEncodedObject(arg, "ascii", NULL);
+      if (unicode == NULL) {
+        PyObject* repr = PyObject_Repr(arg);
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
+                     "%s has type str, but isn't in 7-bit ASCII "
+                     "encoding. Non-ASCII strings must be converted to "
+                     "unicode objects before being added.",
+                     PyString_AS_STRING(repr));
+        Py_DECREF(repr);
+        return false;
+      } else {
+        Py_DECREF(unicode);
+      }
+    }
+  } else if (!PyString_Check(arg)) {
+    FormatTypeError(arg, "str");
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  PyObject* encoded_string = NULL;
+  if (descriptor->type() == google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::TYPE_STRING) {
+    if (PyString_Check(arg)) {
+      encoded_string = PyString_AsEncodedObject(arg, "utf-8", NULL);
+    } else {
+      encoded_string = PyUnicode_AsEncodedObject(arg, "utf-8", NULL);
+    }
+  } else {
+    // In this case field type is "bytes".
+    encoded_string = arg;
+    Py_INCREF(encoded_string);
+  }
+
+  if (encoded_string == NULL) {
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  char* value;
+  Py_ssize_t value_len;
+  if (PyString_AsStringAndSize(encoded_string, &value, &value_len) < 0) {
+    Py_DECREF(encoded_string);
+    return false;
+  }
+
+  string value_string(value, value_len);
+  if (append) {
+    reflection->AddString(message, descriptor, value_string);
+  } else if (index < 0) {
+    reflection->SetString(message, descriptor, value_string);
+  } else {
+    reflection->SetRepeatedString(message, descriptor, index, value_string);
+  }
+  Py_DECREF(encoded_string);
+  return true;
+}
+
+static PyObject* ToStringObject(
+    const google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor* descriptor, string value) {
+  if (descriptor->type() != google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::TYPE_STRING) {
+    return PyString_FromStringAndSize(value.c_str(), value.length());
+  }
+
+  PyObject* result = PyUnicode_DecodeUTF8(value.c_str(), value.length(), NULL);
+  // If the string can't be decoded in UTF-8, just return a string object that
+  // contains the raw bytes. This can't happen if the value was assigned using
+  // the members of the Python message object, but can happen if the values were
+  // parsed from the wire (binary).
+  if (result == NULL) {
+    PyErr_Clear();
+    result = PyString_FromStringAndSize(value.c_str(), value.length());
+  }
+  return result;
+}
+
+static void AssureWritable(CMessage* self) {
+  if (self == NULL ||
+      self->parent == NULL ||
+      self->parent_field == NULL) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  if (!self->read_only) {
+    return;
+  }
+
+  AssureWritable(self->parent);
+
+  google::protobuf::Message* message = self->parent->message;
+  const google::protobuf::Reflection* reflection = message->GetReflection();
+  self->message = reflection->MutableMessage(
+      message, self->parent_field->descriptor, global_message_factory);
+  self->read_only = false;
+}
+
+static PyObject* InternalGetScalar(
+    google::protobuf::Message* message,
+    const google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor* field_descriptor) {
+  const google::protobuf::Reflection* reflection = message->GetReflection();
+
+  if (!FIELD_BELONGS_TO_MESSAGE(field_descriptor, message)) {
+    PyErr_SetString(
+        PyExc_KeyError, "Field does not belong to message!");
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  PyObject* result = NULL;
+  switch (field_descriptor->cpp_type()) {
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_INT32: {
+      int32 value = reflection->GetInt32(*message, field_descriptor);
+      result = PyInt_FromLong(value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_INT64: {
+      int64 value = reflection->GetInt64(*message, field_descriptor);
+#if IS_64BIT
+      result = PyInt_FromLong(value);
+#else
+      result = PyLong_FromLongLong(value);
+#endif
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_UINT32: {
+      uint32 value = reflection->GetUInt32(*message, field_descriptor);
+#if IS_64BIT
+      result = PyInt_FromLong(value);
+#else
+      result = PyLong_FromLongLong(value);
+#endif
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_UINT64: {
+      uint64 value = reflection->GetUInt64(*message, field_descriptor);
+#if IS_64BIT
+      if (value <= static_cast<uint64>(kint64max)) {
+        result = PyInt_FromLong(static_cast<uint64>(value));
+      }
+#else
+      if (value <= static_cast<uint32>(kint32max)) {
+        result = PyInt_FromLong(static_cast<uint32>(value));
+      }
+#endif
+      else {  // NOLINT
+        result = PyLong_FromUnsignedLongLong(value);
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_FLOAT: {
+      float value = reflection->GetFloat(*message, field_descriptor);
+      result = PyFloat_FromDouble(value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_DOUBLE: {
+      double value = reflection->GetDouble(*message, field_descriptor);
+      result = PyFloat_FromDouble(value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_BOOL: {
+      bool value = reflection->GetBool(*message, field_descriptor);
+      result = PyBool_FromLong(value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_STRING: {
+      string value = reflection->GetString(*message, field_descriptor);
+      result = ToStringObject(field_descriptor, value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_ENUM: {
+      if (!message->GetReflection()->HasField(*message, field_descriptor)) {
+        // Look for the value in the unknown fields.
+        google::protobuf::UnknownFieldSet* unknown_field_set =
+            message->GetReflection()->MutableUnknownFields(message);
+        for (int i = 0; i < unknown_field_set->field_count(); ++i) {
+          if (unknown_field_set->field(i).number() ==
+              field_descriptor->number()) {
+            result = PyInt_FromLong(unknown_field_set->field(i).varint());
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+      }
+
+      if (result == NULL) {
+        const google::protobuf::EnumValueDescriptor* enum_value =
+            message->GetReflection()->GetEnum(*message, field_descriptor);
+        result = PyInt_FromLong(enum_value->number());
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    default:
+      PyErr_Format(
+          PyExc_SystemError, "Getting a value from a field of unknown type %d",
+          field_descriptor->cpp_type());
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+static PyObject* InternalSetScalar(
+    google::protobuf::Message* message, const google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor* field_descriptor,
+    PyObject* arg) {
+  const google::protobuf::Reflection* reflection = message->GetReflection();
+
+  if (!FIELD_BELONGS_TO_MESSAGE(field_descriptor, message)) {
+    PyErr_SetString(
+        PyExc_KeyError, "Field does not belong to message!");
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  switch (field_descriptor->cpp_type()) {
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_INT32: {
+      GOOGLE_CHECK_GET_INT32(arg, value);
+      reflection->SetInt32(message, field_descriptor, value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_INT64: {
+      GOOGLE_CHECK_GET_INT64(arg, value);
+      reflection->SetInt64(message, field_descriptor, value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_UINT32: {
+      GOOGLE_CHECK_GET_UINT32(arg, value);
+      reflection->SetUInt32(message, field_descriptor, value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_UINT64: {
+      GOOGLE_CHECK_GET_UINT64(arg, value);
+      reflection->SetUInt64(message, field_descriptor, value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_FLOAT: {
+      GOOGLE_CHECK_GET_FLOAT(arg, value);
+      reflection->SetFloat(message, field_descriptor, value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_DOUBLE: {
+      GOOGLE_CHECK_GET_DOUBLE(arg, value);
+      reflection->SetDouble(message, field_descriptor, value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_BOOL: {
+      GOOGLE_CHECK_GET_BOOL(arg, value);
+      reflection->SetBool(message, field_descriptor, value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_STRING: {
+      if (!CheckAndSetString(
+          arg, message, field_descriptor, reflection, false, -1)) {
+        return NULL;
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_ENUM: {
+      GOOGLE_CHECK_GET_INT32(arg, value);
+      const google::protobuf::EnumDescriptor* enum_descriptor =
+          field_descriptor->enum_type();
+      const google::protobuf::EnumValueDescriptor* enum_value =
+          enum_descriptor->FindValueByNumber(value);
+      if (enum_value != NULL) {
+        reflection->SetEnum(message, field_descriptor, enum_value);
+      } else {
+        bool added = false;
+        // Add the value to the unknown fields.
+        google::protobuf::UnknownFieldSet* unknown_field_set =
+            message->GetReflection()->MutableUnknownFields(message);
+        for (int i = 0; i < unknown_field_set->field_count(); ++i) {
+          if (unknown_field_set->field(i).number() ==
+              field_descriptor->number()) {
+            unknown_field_set->mutable_field(i)->set_varint(value);
+            added = true;
+            break;
+          }
+        }
+
+        if (!added) {
+          unknown_field_set->AddVarint(field_descriptor->number(), value);
+        }
+        reflection->ClearField(message, field_descriptor);
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    default:
+      PyErr_Format(
+          PyExc_SystemError, "Setting value to a field of unknown type %d",
+          field_descriptor->cpp_type());
+  }
+
+  Py_RETURN_NONE;
+}
+
+static PyObject* InternalAddRepeatedScalar(
+    google::protobuf::Message* message, const google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor* field_descriptor,
+    PyObject* arg) {
+
+  if (!FIELD_BELONGS_TO_MESSAGE(field_descriptor, message)) {
+    PyErr_SetString(
+        PyExc_KeyError, "Field does not belong to message!");
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  const google::protobuf::Reflection* reflection = message->GetReflection();
+  switch (field_descriptor->cpp_type()) {
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_INT32: {
+      GOOGLE_CHECK_GET_INT32(arg, value);
+      reflection->AddInt32(message, field_descriptor, value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_INT64: {
+      GOOGLE_CHECK_GET_INT64(arg, value);
+      reflection->AddInt64(message, field_descriptor, value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_UINT32: {
+      GOOGLE_CHECK_GET_UINT32(arg, value);
+      reflection->AddUInt32(message, field_descriptor, value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_UINT64: {
+      GOOGLE_CHECK_GET_UINT64(arg, value);
+      reflection->AddUInt64(message, field_descriptor, value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_FLOAT: {
+      GOOGLE_CHECK_GET_FLOAT(arg, value);
+      reflection->AddFloat(message, field_descriptor, value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_DOUBLE: {
+      GOOGLE_CHECK_GET_DOUBLE(arg, value);
+      reflection->AddDouble(message, field_descriptor, value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_BOOL: {
+      GOOGLE_CHECK_GET_BOOL(arg, value);
+      reflection->AddBool(message, field_descriptor, value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_STRING: {
+      if (!CheckAndSetString(
+          arg, message, field_descriptor, reflection, true, -1)) {
+        return NULL;
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_ENUM: {
+      GOOGLE_CHECK_GET_INT32(arg, value);
+      const google::protobuf::EnumDescriptor* enum_descriptor =
+          field_descriptor->enum_type();
+      const google::protobuf::EnumValueDescriptor* enum_value =
+          enum_descriptor->FindValueByNumber(value);
+      if (enum_value != NULL) {
+        reflection->AddEnum(message, field_descriptor, enum_value);
+      } else {
+        PyObject* s = PyObject_Str(arg);
+        PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError, "Unknown enum value: %s",
+                     PyString_AS_STRING(s));
+        Py_DECREF(s);
+        return NULL;
+      }
+      break;
+    }
+    default:
+      PyErr_Format(
+          PyExc_SystemError, "Adding value to a field of unknown type %d",
+          field_descriptor->cpp_type());
+  }
+
+  Py_RETURN_NONE;
+}
+
+static PyObject* InternalGetRepeatedScalar(
+    CMessage* cmessage, const google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor* field_descriptor,
+    int index) {
+  google::protobuf::Message* message = cmessage->message;
+  const google::protobuf::Reflection* reflection = message->GetReflection();
+
+  int field_size = reflection->FieldSize(*message, field_descriptor);
+  if (index < 0) {
+    index = field_size + index;
+  }
+  if (index < 0 || index >= field_size) {
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_IndexError,
+                 "list assignment index (%d) out of range", index);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  PyObject* result = NULL;
+  switch (field_descriptor->cpp_type()) {
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_INT32: {
+      int32 value = reflection->GetRepeatedInt32(
+          *message, field_descriptor, index);
+      result = PyInt_FromLong(value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_INT64: {
+      int64 value = reflection->GetRepeatedInt64(
+          *message, field_descriptor, index);
+      result = PyLong_FromLongLong(value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_UINT32: {
+      uint32 value = reflection->GetRepeatedUInt32(
+          *message, field_descriptor, index);
+      result = PyLong_FromLongLong(value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_UINT64: {
+      uint64 value = reflection->GetRepeatedUInt64(
+          *message, field_descriptor, index);
+      result = PyLong_FromUnsignedLongLong(value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_FLOAT: {
+      float value = reflection->GetRepeatedFloat(
+          *message, field_descriptor, index);
+      result = PyFloat_FromDouble(value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_DOUBLE: {
+      double value = reflection->GetRepeatedDouble(
+          *message, field_descriptor, index);
+      result = PyFloat_FromDouble(value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_BOOL: {
+      bool value = reflection->GetRepeatedBool(
+          *message, field_descriptor, index);
+      result = PyBool_FromLong(value ? 1 : 0);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_ENUM: {
+      const google::protobuf::EnumValueDescriptor* enum_value =
+          message->GetReflection()->GetRepeatedEnum(
+              *message, field_descriptor, index);
+      result = PyInt_FromLong(enum_value->number());
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_STRING: {
+      string value = reflection->GetRepeatedString(
+          *message, field_descriptor, index);
+      result = ToStringObject(field_descriptor, value);
+      break;
+    }
+    case google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor::CPPTYPE_MESSAGE: {
+      CMessage* py_cmsg = PyObject_New(CMessage, &CMessage_Type);
+      if (py_cmsg == NULL) {
+        return NULL;
+      }
+      const google::protobuf::Message& msg = reflection->GetRepeatedMessage(
+          *message, field_descriptor, index);
+      py_cmsg->parent = cmessage;
+      py_cmsg->full_name = field_descriptor->full_name().c_str();
+      py_cmsg->message = const_cast<google::protobuf::Message*>(&msg);
+      py_cmsg->free_message = false;
+      py_cmsg->read_only = false;
+      result = reinterpret_cast<PyObject*>(py_cmsg);
+      break;
+    }
+    default:
+      PyErr_Format(
+          PyExc_SystemError,
+          "Getting value from a repeated field of unknown type %d",
+          field_descriptor->cpp_type());
+  }
+
+  return result;
+}
+
+static PyObject* InternalGetRepeatedScalarSlice(
+    CMessage* cmessage, const google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor* field_descriptor,
+    PyObject* slice) {
+  Py_ssize_t from;
+  Py_ssize_t to;
+  Py_ssize_t step;
+  Py_ssize_t length;
+  bool return_list = false;
+  google::protobuf::Message* message = cmessage->message;
+
+  if (PyInt_Check(slice)) {
+    from = to = PyInt_AsLong(slice);
+  } else if (PyLong_Check(slice)) {
+    from = to = PyLong_AsLong(slice);
+  } else if (PySlice_Check(slice)) {
+    const google::protobuf::Reflection* reflection = message->GetReflection();
+    length = reflection->FieldSize(*message, field_descriptor);
+    PySlice_GetIndices(
+        reinterpret_cast<PySliceObject*>(slice), length, &from, &to, &step);
+    return_list = true;
+  } else {
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "list indices must be integers");
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  if (!return_list) {
+    return InternalGetRepeatedScalar(cmessage, field_descriptor, from);
+  }
+
+  PyObject* list = PyList_New(0);
+  if (list == NULL) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  if (from <= to) {
+    if (step < 0) return list;
+    for (Py_ssize_t index = from; index < to; index += step) {
+      if (index < 0 || index >= length) break;
+      PyObject* s = InternalGetRepeatedScalar(
+          cmessage, field_descriptor, index);
+      PyList_Append(list, s);
+      Py_DECREF(s);
+    }
+  } else {
+    if (step > 0) return list;
+    for (Py_ssize_t index = from; index > to; index += step) {
+      if (index < 0 || index >= length) break;
+      PyObject* s = InternalGetRepeatedScalar(
+          cmessage, field_descriptor, index);
+      PyList_Append(list, s);
+      Py_DECREF(s);
+    }
+  }
+  return list;
+}
+
+// ------ C Constructor/Destructor:
+
+static int CMessageInit(CMessage* self, PyObject *args, PyObject *kwds) {
+  self->message = NULL;
+  return 0;
+}
+
+static void CMessageDealloc(CMessage* self) {
+  if (self->free_message) {
+    if (self->read_only) {
+      PyErr_WriteUnraisable(reinterpret_cast<PyObject*>(self));
+    }
+    delete self->message;
+  }
+  self->ob_type->tp_free(reinterpret_cast<PyObject*>(self));
+}
+
+// ------ Methods:
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_Clear(CMessage* self, PyObject* arg) {
+  AssureWritable(self);
+  google::protobuf::Message* message = self->message;
+
+  // This block of code is equivalent to the following:
+  // for cfield_descriptor, child_cmessage in arg:
+  //   ReleaseSubMessage(cfield_descriptor, child_cmessage)
+  if (!PyList_Check(arg)) {
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Must be a list");
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  PyObject* messages_to_clear = arg;
+  Py_ssize_t num_messages_to_clear = PyList_GET_SIZE(messages_to_clear);
+  for(int i = 0; i < num_messages_to_clear; ++i) {
+    PyObject* message_tuple = PyList_GET_ITEM(messages_to_clear, i);
+    if (!PyTuple_Check(message_tuple) || PyTuple_GET_SIZE(message_tuple) != 2) {
+      PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Must be a tuple of size 2");
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+    PyObject* py_cfield_descriptor = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(message_tuple, 0);
+    PyObject* py_child_cmessage = PyTuple_GET_ITEM(message_tuple, 1);
+    if (!PyObject_TypeCheck(py_cfield_descriptor, &CFieldDescriptor_Type) ||
+        !PyObject_TypeCheck(py_child_cmessage, &CMessage_Type)) {
+      PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "Invalid Tuple");
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+    CFieldDescriptor* cfield_descriptor = reinterpret_cast<CFieldDescriptor *>(
+        py_cfield_descriptor);
+    CMessage* child_cmessage = reinterpret_cast<CMessage *>(py_child_cmessage);
+    ReleaseSubMessage(message, cfield_descriptor->descriptor, child_cmessage);
+  }
+
+  message->Clear();
+  Py_RETURN_NONE;
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_IsInitialized(CMessage* self, PyObject* args) {
+  return PyBool_FromLong(self->message->IsInitialized() ? 1 : 0);
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_HasField(CMessage* self, PyObject* arg) {
+  char* field_name;
+  if (PyString_AsStringAndSize(arg, &field_name, NULL) < 0) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  google::protobuf::Message* message = self->message;
+  const google::protobuf::Descriptor* descriptor = message->GetDescriptor();
+  const google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor* field_descriptor =
+      descriptor->FindFieldByName(field_name);
+  if (field_descriptor == NULL) {
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError, "Unknown field %s.", field_name);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  bool has_field =
+      message->GetReflection()->HasField(*message, field_descriptor);
+  return PyBool_FromLong(has_field ? 1 : 0);
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_HasFieldByDescriptor(CMessage* self, PyObject* arg) {
+  CFieldDescriptor* cfield_descriptor = NULL;
+  if (!PyObject_TypeCheck(reinterpret_cast<PyObject *>(arg),
+                          &CFieldDescriptor_Type)) {
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Must be a field descriptor");
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  cfield_descriptor = reinterpret_cast<CFieldDescriptor*>(arg);
+
+  google::protobuf::Message* message = self->message;
+  const google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor* field_descriptor =
+      cfield_descriptor->descriptor;
+
+  if (!FIELD_BELONGS_TO_MESSAGE(field_descriptor, message)) {
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_KeyError,
+                    "Field does not belong to message!");
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  if (FIELD_IS_REPEATED(field_descriptor)) {
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_KeyError,
+                    "Field is repeated. A singular method is required.");
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  bool has_field =
+      message->GetReflection()->HasField(*message, field_descriptor);
+  return PyBool_FromLong(has_field ? 1 : 0);
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_ClearFieldByDescriptor(
+    CMessage* self, PyObject* arg) {
+  CFieldDescriptor* cfield_descriptor = NULL;
+  if (!PyObject_TypeCheck(reinterpret_cast<PyObject *>(arg),
+                          &CFieldDescriptor_Type)) {
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Must be a field descriptor");
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  cfield_descriptor = reinterpret_cast<CFieldDescriptor*>(arg);
+
+  google::protobuf::Message* message = self->message;
+  const google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor* field_descriptor =
+      cfield_descriptor->descriptor;
+
+  if (!FIELD_BELONGS_TO_MESSAGE(field_descriptor, message)) {
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_KeyError,
+                    "Field does not belong to message!");
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  message->GetReflection()->ClearField(message, field_descriptor);
+  Py_RETURN_NONE;
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_ClearField(CMessage* self, PyObject* args) {
+  char* field_name;
+  CMessage* child_cmessage = NULL;
+  if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, C("s|O!:ClearField"), &field_name,
+                        &CMessage_Type, &child_cmessage)) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  google::protobuf::Message* message = self->message;
+  const google::protobuf::Descriptor* descriptor = message->GetDescriptor();
+  const google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor* field_descriptor =
+      descriptor->FindFieldByName(field_name);
+  if (field_descriptor == NULL) {
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError, "Unknown field %s.", field_name);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  if (child_cmessage != NULL && !FIELD_IS_REPEATED(field_descriptor)) {
+    ReleaseSubMessage(message, field_descriptor, child_cmessage);
+  } else {
+    message->GetReflection()->ClearField(message, field_descriptor);
+  }
+  Py_RETURN_NONE;
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_GetScalar(CMessage* self, PyObject* arg) {
+  CFieldDescriptor* cdescriptor = NULL;
+  if (!PyObject_TypeCheck(reinterpret_cast<PyObject *>(arg),
+                          &CFieldDescriptor_Type)) {
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Must be a field descriptor");
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  cdescriptor = reinterpret_cast<CFieldDescriptor*>(arg);
+
+  google::protobuf::Message* message = self->message;
+  return InternalGetScalar(message, cdescriptor->descriptor);
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_GetRepeatedScalar(CMessage* self, PyObject* args) {
+  CFieldDescriptor* cfield_descriptor;
+  PyObject* slice;
+  if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, C("O!O:GetRepeatedScalar"),
+                        &CFieldDescriptor_Type, &cfield_descriptor, &slice)) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  return InternalGetRepeatedScalarSlice(
+      self, cfield_descriptor->descriptor, slice);
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_AssignRepeatedScalar(CMessage* self, PyObject* args) {
+  CFieldDescriptor* cfield_descriptor;
+  PyObject* slice;
+  if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, C("O!O:AssignRepeatedScalar"),
+                        &CFieldDescriptor_Type, &cfield_descriptor, &slice)) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  AssureWritable(self);
+  google::protobuf::Message* message = self->message;
+  message->GetReflection()->ClearField(message, cfield_descriptor->descriptor);
+
+  PyObject* iter = PyObject_GetIter(slice);
+  PyObject* next;
+  while ((next = PyIter_Next(iter)) != NULL) {
+    if (InternalAddRepeatedScalar(
+            message, cfield_descriptor->descriptor, next) == NULL) {
+      Py_DECREF(next);
+      Py_DECREF(iter);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+    Py_DECREF(next);
+  }
+  Py_DECREF(iter);
+  Py_RETURN_NONE;
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_DeleteRepeatedField(CMessage* self, PyObject* args) {
+  CFieldDescriptor* cfield_descriptor;
+  PyObject* slice;
+  if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, C("O!O:DeleteRepeatedField"),
+                        &CFieldDescriptor_Type, &cfield_descriptor, &slice)) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  AssureWritable(self);
+
+  Py_ssize_t length, from, to, step, slice_length;
+  google::protobuf::Message* message = self->message;
+  const google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor* field_descriptor =
+      cfield_descriptor->descriptor;
+  const google::protobuf::Reflection* reflection = message->GetReflection();
+  int min, max;
+  length = reflection->FieldSize(*message, field_descriptor);
+
+  if (PyInt_Check(slice) || PyLong_Check(slice)) {
+    from = to = PyLong_AsLong(slice);
+    if (from < 0) {
+      from = to = length + from;
+    }
+    step = 1;
+    min = max = from;
+
+    // Range check.
+    if (from < 0 || from >= length) {
+      PyErr_Format(PyExc_IndexError, "list assignment index out of range");
+      return NULL;
+    }
+  } else if (PySlice_Check(slice)) {
+    from = to = step = slice_length = 0;
+    PySlice_GetIndicesEx(
+        reinterpret_cast<PySliceObject*>(slice),
+        length, &from, &to, &step, &slice_length);
+    if (from < to) {
+      min = from;
+      max = to - 1;
+    } else {
+      min = to + 1;
+      max = from;
+    }
+  } else {
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "list indices must be integers");
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  Py_ssize_t i = from;
+  std::vector<bool> to_delete(length, false);
+  while (i >= min && i <= max) {
+    to_delete[i] = true;
+    i += step;
+  }
+
+  to = 0;
+  for (i = 0; i < length; ++i) {
+    if (!to_delete[i]) {
+      if (i != to) {
+        reflection->SwapElements(message, field_descriptor, i, to);
+      }
+      ++to;
+    }
+  }
+
+  while (i > to) {
+    reflection->RemoveLast(message, field_descriptor);
+    --i;
+  }
+
+  Py_RETURN_NONE;
+}
+
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_SetScalar(CMessage* self, PyObject* args) {
+  CFieldDescriptor* cfield_descriptor;
+  PyObject* arg;
+  if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, C("O!O:SetScalar"),
+                        &CFieldDescriptor_Type, &cfield_descriptor, &arg)) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  AssureWritable(self);
+
+  return InternalSetScalar(self->message, cfield_descriptor->descriptor, arg);
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_AddRepeatedScalar(CMessage* self, PyObject* args) {
+  CFieldDescriptor* cfield_descriptor;
+  PyObject* value;
+  if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, C("O!O:AddRepeatedScalar"),
+                        &CFieldDescriptor_Type, &cfield_descriptor, &value)) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  AssureWritable(self);
+
+  return InternalAddRepeatedScalar(
+      self->message, cfield_descriptor->descriptor, value);
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_FieldLength(CMessage* self, PyObject* arg) {
+  CFieldDescriptor* cfield_descriptor;
+  if (!PyObject_TypeCheck(reinterpret_cast<PyObject *>(arg),
+                          &CFieldDescriptor_Type)) {
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Must be a field descriptor");
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  cfield_descriptor = reinterpret_cast<CFieldDescriptor*>(arg);
+
+  google::protobuf::Message* message = self->message;
+  int length = message->GetReflection()->FieldSize(
+      *message, cfield_descriptor->descriptor);
+  return PyInt_FromLong(length);
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_DebugString(CMessage* self, PyObject* args) {
+  return PyString_FromString(self->message->DebugString().c_str());
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_SerializeToString(CMessage* self, PyObject* args) {
+  int size = self->message->ByteSize();
+  if (size <= 0) {
+    return PyString_FromString("");
+  }
+  PyObject* result = PyString_FromStringAndSize(NULL, size);
+  if (result == NULL) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  char* buffer = PyString_AS_STRING(result);
+  self->message->SerializeWithCachedSizesToArray(
+      reinterpret_cast<uint8*>(buffer));
+  return result;
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_SerializePartialToString(
+    CMessage* self, PyObject* args) {
+  string contents;
+  self->message->SerializePartialToString(&contents);
+  return PyString_FromStringAndSize(contents.c_str(), contents.size());
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessageStr(CMessage* self) {
+  char str[1024];
+  str[sizeof(str) - 1] = 0;
+  snprintf(str, sizeof(str) - 1, "CMessage: <%p>", self->message);
+  return PyString_FromString(str);
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_MergeFrom(CMessage* self, PyObject* arg) {
+  CMessage* other_message;
+  if (!PyObject_TypeCheck(reinterpret_cast<PyObject *>(arg), &CMessage_Type)) {
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Must be a message");
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  other_message = reinterpret_cast<CMessage*>(arg);
+  if (other_message->message->GetDescriptor() !=
+      self->message->GetDescriptor()) {
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                 "Tried to merge from a message with a different type. "
+                 "to: %s, from: %s",
+                 self->message->GetDescriptor()->full_name().c_str(),
+                 other_message->message->GetDescriptor()->full_name().c_str());
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  AssureWritable(self);
+
+  self->message->MergeFrom(*other_message->message);
+  Py_RETURN_NONE;
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_CopyFrom(CMessage* self, PyObject* arg) {
+  CMessage* other_message;
+  if (!PyObject_TypeCheck(reinterpret_cast<PyObject *>(arg), &CMessage_Type)) {
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Must be a message");
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  other_message = reinterpret_cast<CMessage*>(arg);
+  if (other_message->message->GetDescriptor() !=
+      self->message->GetDescriptor()) {
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError,
+                 "Tried to copy from a message with a different type. "
+                 "to: %s, from: %s",
+                 self->message->GetDescriptor()->full_name().c_str(),
+                 other_message->message->GetDescriptor()->full_name().c_str());
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  AssureWritable(self);
+
+  self->message->CopyFrom(*other_message->message);
+  Py_RETURN_NONE;
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_MergeFromString(CMessage* self, PyObject* arg) {
+  const void* data;
+  Py_ssize_t data_length;
+  if (PyObject_AsReadBuffer(arg, &data, &data_length) < 0) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  AssureWritable(self);
+  google::protobuf::io::CodedInputStream input(
+      reinterpret_cast<const uint8*>(data), data_length);
+  input.SetExtensionRegistry(GetDescriptorPool(), global_message_factory);
+  bool success = self->message->MergePartialFromCodedStream(&input);
+  if (success) {
+    return PyInt_FromLong(self->message->ByteSize());
+  } else {
+    return PyInt_FromLong(-1);
+  }
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_ByteSize(CMessage* self, PyObject* args) {
+  return PyLong_FromLong(self->message->ByteSize());
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_SetInParent(CMessage* self, PyObject* args) {
+  AssureWritable(self);
+  Py_RETURN_NONE;
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_SwapRepeatedFieldElements(
+    CMessage* self, PyObject* args) {
+  CFieldDescriptor* cfield_descriptor;
+  int index1, index2;
+  if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, C("O!ii:SwapRepeatedFieldElements"),
+                        &CFieldDescriptor_Type, &cfield_descriptor,
+                        &index1, &index2)) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  google::protobuf::Message* message = self->message;
+  const google::protobuf::Reflection* reflection = message->GetReflection();
+
+  reflection->SwapElements(
+      message, cfield_descriptor->descriptor, index1, index2);
+  Py_RETURN_NONE;
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_AddMessage(CMessage* self, PyObject* arg) {
+  CFieldDescriptor* cfield_descriptor;
+  if (!PyObject_TypeCheck(reinterpret_cast<PyObject *>(arg),
+                          &CFieldDescriptor_Type)) {
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Must be a field descriptor");
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  cfield_descriptor = reinterpret_cast<CFieldDescriptor*>(arg);
+  AssureWritable(self);
+
+  CMessage* py_cmsg = PyObject_New(CMessage, &CMessage_Type);
+  if (py_cmsg == NULL) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  google::protobuf::Message* message = self->message;
+  const google::protobuf::Reflection* reflection = message->GetReflection();
+  google::protobuf::Message* sub_message =
+      reflection->AddMessage(message, cfield_descriptor->descriptor);
+
+  py_cmsg->parent = NULL;
+  py_cmsg->full_name = sub_message->GetDescriptor()->full_name().c_str();
+  py_cmsg->message = sub_message;
+  py_cmsg->free_message = false;
+  py_cmsg->read_only = false;
+  return reinterpret_cast<PyObject*>(py_cmsg);
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_GetRepeatedMessage(CMessage* self, PyObject* args) {
+  CFieldDescriptor* cfield_descriptor;
+  PyObject* slice;
+  if (!PyArg_ParseTuple(args, C("O!O:GetRepeatedMessage"),
+                        &CFieldDescriptor_Type, &cfield_descriptor, &slice)) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  return InternalGetRepeatedScalarSlice(
+      self, cfield_descriptor->descriptor, slice);
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_NewSubMessage(CMessage* self, PyObject* arg) {
+  CFieldDescriptor* cfield_descriptor;
+  if (!PyObject_TypeCheck(reinterpret_cast<PyObject *>(arg),
+                          &CFieldDescriptor_Type)) {
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Must be a field descriptor");
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  cfield_descriptor = reinterpret_cast<CFieldDescriptor*>(arg);
+
+  CMessage* py_cmsg = PyObject_New(CMessage, &CMessage_Type);
+  if (py_cmsg == NULL) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  google::protobuf::Message* message = self->message;
+  const google::protobuf::Reflection* reflection = message->GetReflection();
+  const google::protobuf::Message& sub_message =
+      reflection->GetMessage(*message, cfield_descriptor->descriptor,
+                             global_message_factory);
+
+  py_cmsg->full_name = sub_message.GetDescriptor()->full_name().c_str();
+  py_cmsg->parent = self;
+  py_cmsg->parent_field = cfield_descriptor;
+  py_cmsg->message = const_cast<google::protobuf::Message*>(&sub_message);
+  py_cmsg->free_message = false;
+  py_cmsg->read_only = true;
+  return reinterpret_cast<PyObject*>(py_cmsg);
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_MutableMessage(CMessage* self, PyObject* arg) {
+  CFieldDescriptor* cfield_descriptor;
+  if (!PyObject_TypeCheck(reinterpret_cast<PyObject *>(arg),
+                          &CFieldDescriptor_Type)) {
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Must be a field descriptor");
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  cfield_descriptor = reinterpret_cast<CFieldDescriptor*>(arg);
+  AssureWritable(self);
+
+  CMessage* py_cmsg = PyObject_New(CMessage, &CMessage_Type);
+  if (py_cmsg == NULL) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  google::protobuf::Message* message = self->message;
+  const google::protobuf::Reflection* reflection = message->GetReflection();
+  google::protobuf::Message* mutable_message =
+      reflection->MutableMessage(message, cfield_descriptor->descriptor,
+                                 global_message_factory);
+
+  py_cmsg->full_name = mutable_message->GetDescriptor()->full_name().c_str();
+  py_cmsg->message = mutable_message;
+  py_cmsg->free_message = false;
+  py_cmsg->read_only = false;
+  return reinterpret_cast<PyObject*>(py_cmsg);
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_Equals(CMessage* self, PyObject* arg) {
+  CMessage* other_message;
+  if (!PyObject_TypeCheck(reinterpret_cast<PyObject *>(arg), &CMessage_Type)) {
+    PyErr_SetString(PyExc_TypeError, "Must be a message");
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  other_message = reinterpret_cast<CMessage*>(arg);
+
+  if (other_message->message == self->message) {
+    return PyBool_FromLong(1);
+  }
+
+  if (other_message->message->GetDescriptor() !=
+      self->message->GetDescriptor()) {
+    return PyBool_FromLong(0);
+  }
+
+  return PyBool_FromLong(1);
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_ListFields(CMessage* self, PyObject* args) {
+  google::protobuf::Message* message = self->message;
+  const google::protobuf::Reflection* reflection = message->GetReflection();
+  vector<const google::protobuf::FieldDescriptor*> fields;
+  reflection->ListFields(*message, &fields);
+
+  PyObject* list = PyList_New(fields.size());
+  if (list == NULL) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < fields.size(); ++i) {
+    bool is_extension = fields[i]->is_extension();
+    PyObject* t = PyTuple_New(2);
+    if (t == NULL) {
+      Py_DECREF(list);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+    PyObject* is_extension_object = PyBool_FromLong(is_extension ? 1 : 0);
+
+    PyObject* field_name;
+    const string* s;
+    if (is_extension) {
+      s = &fields[i]->full_name();
+    } else {
+      s = &fields[i]->name();
+    }
+    field_name = PyString_FromStringAndSize(s->c_str(), s->length());
+    if (field_name == NULL) {
+      Py_DECREF(list);
+      Py_DECREF(t);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+
+    PyTuple_SET_ITEM(t, 0, is_extension_object);
+    PyTuple_SET_ITEM(t, 1, field_name);
+    PyList_SET_ITEM(list, i, t);
+  }
+
+  return list;
+}
+
+static PyObject* CMessage_FindInitializationErrors(CMessage* self) {
+  google::protobuf::Message* message = self->message;
+  vector<string> errors;
+  message->FindInitializationErrors(&errors);
+
+  PyObject* error_list = PyList_New(errors.size());
+  if (error_list == NULL) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  for (unsigned int i = 0; i < errors.size(); ++i) {
+    const string& error = errors[i];
+    PyObject* error_string = PyString_FromStringAndSize(
+        error.c_str(), error.length());
+    if (error_string == NULL) {
+      Py_DECREF(error_list);
+      return NULL;
+    }
+    PyList_SET_ITEM(error_list, i, error_string);
+  }
+  return error_list;
+}
+
+// ------ Python Constructor:
+
+PyObject* Python_NewCMessage(PyObject* ignored, PyObject* arg) {
+  const char* message_type = PyString_AsString(arg);
+  if (message_type == NULL) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  const google::protobuf::Message* message = CreateMessage(message_type);
+  if (message == NULL) {
+    PyErr_Format(PyExc_TypeError, "Couldn't create message of type %s!",
+                 message_type);
+    return NULL;
+  }
+
+  CMessage* py_cmsg = PyObject_New(CMessage, &CMessage_Type);
+  if (py_cmsg == NULL) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  py_cmsg->message = message->New();
+  py_cmsg->free_message = true;
+  py_cmsg->full_name = message->GetDescriptor()->full_name().c_str();
+  py_cmsg->read_only = false;
+  py_cmsg->parent = NULL;
+  py_cmsg->parent_field = NULL;
+  return reinterpret_cast<PyObject*>(py_cmsg);
+}
+
+// --- Module Functions (exposed to Python):
+
+PyMethodDef methods[] = {
+  { C("NewCMessage"), (PyCFunction)Python_NewCMessage,
+    METH_O,
+    C("Creates a new C++ protocol message, given its full name.") },
+  { C("NewCDescriptorPool"), (PyCFunction)Python_NewCDescriptorPool,
+    METH_NOARGS,
+    C("Creates a new C++ descriptor pool.") },
+  { C("BuildFile"), (PyCFunction)Python_BuildFile,
+    METH_O,
+    C("Registers a new protocol buffer file in the global C++ descriptor "
+      "pool.") },
+  {NULL}
+};
+
+// --- Exposing the C proto living inside Python proto to C code:
+
+extern const Message* (*GetCProtoInsidePyProtoPtr)(PyObject* msg);
+extern Message* (*MutableCProtoInsidePyProtoPtr)(PyObject* msg);
+
+static const google::protobuf::Message* GetCProtoInsidePyProtoImpl(PyObject* msg) {
+  PyObject* c_msg_obj = PyObject_GetAttrString(msg, "_cmsg");
+  if (c_msg_obj == NULL) {
+    PyErr_Clear();
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  Py_DECREF(c_msg_obj);
+  if (!PyObject_TypeCheck(c_msg_obj, &CMessage_Type)) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  CMessage* c_msg = reinterpret_cast<CMessage*>(c_msg_obj);
+  return c_msg->message;
+}
+
+static google::protobuf::Message* MutableCProtoInsidePyProtoImpl(PyObject* msg) {
+  PyObject* c_msg_obj = PyObject_GetAttrString(msg, "_cmsg");
+  if (c_msg_obj == NULL) {
+    PyErr_Clear();
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  Py_DECREF(c_msg_obj);
+  if (!PyObject_TypeCheck(c_msg_obj, &CMessage_Type)) {
+    return NULL;
+  }
+  CMessage* c_msg = reinterpret_cast<CMessage*>(c_msg_obj);
+  AssureWritable(c_msg);
+  return c_msg->message;
+}
+
+// --- Module Init Function:
+
+static const char module_docstring[] =
+"python-proto2 is a module that can be used to enhance proto2 Python API\n"
+"performance.\n"
+"\n"
+"It provides access to the protocol buffers C++ reflection API that\n"
+"implements the basic protocol buffer functions.";
+
+extern "C" {
+  void init_net_proto2___python() {
+    // Initialize constants.
+    kPythonZero = PyInt_FromLong(0);
+    kint32min_py = PyInt_FromLong(kint32min);
+    kint32max_py = PyInt_FromLong(kint32max);
+    kuint32max_py = PyLong_FromLongLong(kuint32max);
+    kint64min_py = PyLong_FromLongLong(kint64min);
+    kint64max_py = PyLong_FromLongLong(kint64max);
+    kuint64max_py = PyLong_FromUnsignedLongLong(kuint64max);
+
+    global_message_factory = new DynamicMessageFactory(GetDescriptorPool());
+    global_message_factory->SetDelegateToGeneratedFactory(true);
+
+    // Export our functions to Python.
+    PyObject *m;
+    m = Py_InitModule3(C("_net_proto2___python"), methods, C(module_docstring));
+    if (m == NULL) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    AddConstants(m);
+
+    CMessage_Type.tp_new = PyType_GenericNew;
+    if (PyType_Ready(&CMessage_Type) < 0) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    if (!InitDescriptor()) {
+      return;
+    }
+
+    // Override {Get,Mutable}CProtoInsidePyProto.
+    GetCProtoInsidePyProtoPtr = GetCProtoInsidePyProtoImpl;
+    MutableCProtoInsidePyProtoPtr = MutableCProtoInsidePyProtoImpl;
+  }
+}
+
+}  // namespace python
+}  // namespace protobuf
+}  // namespace google