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Side by Side Diff: base/memory/singleton.h

Issue 1308823002: Move Singleton and related structs to namespace base (Closed) Base URL: https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src.git@master
Patch Set: Add blank lines Created 5 years, 3 months ago
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1 // Copyright (c) 2011 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved. 1 // Copyright (c) 2011 The Chromium Authors. All rights reserved.
2 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be 2 // Use of this source code is governed by a BSD-style license that can be
3 // found in the LICENSE file. 3 // found in the LICENSE file.
4 4
5 // PLEASE READ: Do you really need a singleton? 5 // PLEASE READ: Do you really need a singleton?
6 // 6 //
7 // Singletons make it hard to determine the lifetime of an object, which can 7 // Singletons make it hard to determine the lifetime of an object, which can
8 // lead to buggy code and spurious crashes. 8 // lead to buggy code and spurious crashes.
9 // 9 //
10 // Instead of adding another singleton into the mix, try to identify either: 10 // Instead of adding another singleton into the mix, try to identify either:
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30 30
31 // Our AtomicWord doubles as a spinlock, where a value of 31 // Our AtomicWord doubles as a spinlock, where a value of
32 // kBeingCreatedMarker means the spinlock is being held for creation. 32 // kBeingCreatedMarker means the spinlock is being held for creation.
33 static const subtle::AtomicWord kBeingCreatedMarker = 1; 33 static const subtle::AtomicWord kBeingCreatedMarker = 1;
34 34
35 // We pull out some of the functionality into a non-templated function, so that 35 // We pull out some of the functionality into a non-templated function, so that
36 // we can implement the more complicated pieces out of line in the .cc file. 36 // we can implement the more complicated pieces out of line in the .cc file.
37 BASE_EXPORT subtle::AtomicWord WaitForInstance(subtle::AtomicWord* instance); 37 BASE_EXPORT subtle::AtomicWord WaitForInstance(subtle::AtomicWord* instance);
38 38
39 } // namespace internal 39 } // namespace internal
40 } // namespace base
41 40
42 // TODO(joth): Move more of this file into namespace base 41 // TODO(joth): Move more of this file into namespace base
halliwell 2015/08/28 14:52:17 remove TODO?
43 42
44 // Default traits for Singleton<Type>. Calls operator new and operator delete on 43 // Default traits for Singleton<Type>. Calls operator new and operator delete on
45 // the object. Registers automatic deletion at process exit. 44 // the object. Registers automatic deletion at process exit.
46 // Overload if you need arguments or another memory allocation function. 45 // Overload if you need arguments or another memory allocation function.
47 template<typename Type> 46 template<typename Type>
48 struct DefaultSingletonTraits { 47 struct DefaultSingletonTraits {
49 // Allocates the object. 48 // Allocates the object.
50 static Type* New() { 49 static Type* New() {
51 // The parenthesis is very important here; it forces POD type 50 // The parenthesis is very important here; it forces POD type
52 // initialization. 51 // initialization.
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103 // this is also used in e.g. Chrome Frame, where you have to allow for the 102 // this is also used in e.g. Chrome Frame, where you have to allow for the
104 // possibility of loading briefly into someone else's process space, and 103 // possibility of loading briefly into someone else's process space, and
105 // so leaking is not an option, as that would sabotage the state of your host 104 // so leaking is not an option, as that would sabotage the state of your host
106 // process once you've unloaded. 105 // process once you've unloaded.
107 template <typename Type> 106 template <typename Type>
108 struct StaticMemorySingletonTraits { 107 struct StaticMemorySingletonTraits {
109 // WARNING: User has to deal with get() in the singleton class 108 // WARNING: User has to deal with get() in the singleton class
110 // this is traits for returning NULL. 109 // this is traits for returning NULL.
111 static Type* New() { 110 static Type* New() {
112 // Only constructs once and returns pointer; otherwise returns NULL. 111 // Only constructs once and returns pointer; otherwise returns NULL.
113 if (base::subtle::NoBarrier_AtomicExchange(&dead_, 1)) 112 if (subtle::NoBarrier_AtomicExchange(&dead_, 1))
114 return NULL; 113 return NULL;
115 114
116 return new(buffer_.void_data()) Type(); 115 return new(buffer_.void_data()) Type();
117 } 116 }
118 117
119 static void Delete(Type* p) { 118 static void Delete(Type* p) {
120 if (p != NULL) 119 if (p != NULL)
121 p->Type::~Type(); 120 p->Type::~Type();
122 } 121 }
123 122
124 static const bool kRegisterAtExit = true; 123 static const bool kRegisterAtExit = true;
125 static const bool kAllowedToAccessOnNonjoinableThread = true; 124 static const bool kAllowedToAccessOnNonjoinableThread = true;
126 125
127 // Exposed for unittesting. 126 // Exposed for unittesting.
128 static void Resurrect() { 127 static void Resurrect() { subtle::NoBarrier_Store(&dead_, 0); }
129 base::subtle::NoBarrier_Store(&dead_, 0);
130 }
131 128
132 private: 129 private:
133 static base::AlignedMemory<sizeof(Type), ALIGNOF(Type)> buffer_; 130 static AlignedMemory<sizeof(Type), ALIGNOF(Type)> buffer_;
134 // Signal the object was already deleted, so it is not revived. 131 // Signal the object was already deleted, so it is not revived.
135 static base::subtle::Atomic32 dead_; 132 static subtle::Atomic32 dead_;
136 }; 133 };
137 134
138 template <typename Type> base::AlignedMemory<sizeof(Type), ALIGNOF(Type)> 135 template <typename Type>
136 AlignedMemory<sizeof(Type), ALIGNOF(Type)>
139 StaticMemorySingletonTraits<Type>::buffer_; 137 StaticMemorySingletonTraits<Type>::buffer_;
140 template <typename Type> base::subtle::Atomic32 138 template <typename Type>
141 StaticMemorySingletonTraits<Type>::dead_ = 0; 139 subtle::Atomic32 StaticMemorySingletonTraits<Type>::dead_ = 0;
142 140
143 // The Singleton<Type, Traits, DifferentiatingType> class manages a single 141 // The Singleton<Type, Traits, DifferentiatingType> class manages a single
144 // instance of Type which will be created on first use and will be destroyed at 142 // instance of Type which will be created on first use and will be destroyed at
145 // normal process exit). The Trait::Delete function will not be called on 143 // normal process exit). The Trait::Delete function will not be called on
146 // abnormal process exit. 144 // abnormal process exit.
147 // 145 //
148 // DifferentiatingType is used as a key to differentiate two different 146 // DifferentiatingType is used as a key to differentiate two different
149 // singletons having the same memory allocation functions but serving a 147 // singletons having the same memory allocation functions but serving a
150 // different purpose. This is mainly used for Locks serving different purposes. 148 // different purpose. This is mainly used for Locks serving different purposes.
151 // 149 //
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183 // instantiated. 181 // instantiated.
184 // 182 //
185 // This class is itself thread-safe. The underlying Type must of course be 183 // This class is itself thread-safe. The underlying Type must of course be
186 // thread-safe if you want to use it concurrently. Two parameters may be tuned 184 // thread-safe if you want to use it concurrently. Two parameters may be tuned
187 // depending on the user's requirements. 185 // depending on the user's requirements.
188 // 186 //
189 // Glossary: 187 // Glossary:
190 // RAE = kRegisterAtExit 188 // RAE = kRegisterAtExit
191 // 189 //
192 // On every platform, if Traits::RAE is true, the singleton will be destroyed at 190 // On every platform, if Traits::RAE is true, the singleton will be destroyed at
193 // process exit. More precisely it uses base::AtExitManager which requires an 191 // process exit. More precisely it uses AtExitManager which requires an
194 // object of this type to be instantiated. AtExitManager mimics the semantics 192 // object of this type to be instantiated. AtExitManager mimics the semantics
195 // of atexit() such as LIFO order but under Windows is safer to call. For more 193 // of atexit() such as LIFO order but under Windows is safer to call. For more
196 // information see at_exit.h. 194 // information see at_exit.h.
197 // 195 //
198 // If Traits::RAE is false, the singleton will not be freed at process exit, 196 // If Traits::RAE is false, the singleton will not be freed at process exit,
199 // thus the singleton will be leaked if it is ever accessed. Traits::RAE 197 // thus the singleton will be leaked if it is ever accessed. Traits::RAE
200 // shouldn't be false unless absolutely necessary. Remember that the heap where 198 // shouldn't be false unless absolutely necessary. Remember that the heap where
201 // the object is allocated may be destroyed by the CRT anyway. 199 // the object is allocated may be destroyed by the CRT anyway.
202 // 200 //
203 // Caveats: 201 // Caveats:
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222 friend class DeleteTraceLogForTesting; 220 friend class DeleteTraceLogForTesting;
223 221
224 // This class is safe to be constructed and copy-constructed since it has no 222 // This class is safe to be constructed and copy-constructed since it has no
225 // member. 223 // member.
226 224
227 // Return a pointer to the one true instance of the class. 225 // Return a pointer to the one true instance of the class.
228 static Type* get() { 226 static Type* get() {
229 #ifndef NDEBUG 227 #ifndef NDEBUG
230 // Avoid making TLS lookup on release builds. 228 // Avoid making TLS lookup on release builds.
231 if (!Traits::kAllowedToAccessOnNonjoinableThread) 229 if (!Traits::kAllowedToAccessOnNonjoinableThread)
232 base::ThreadRestrictions::AssertSingletonAllowed(); 230 ThreadRestrictions::AssertSingletonAllowed();
233 #endif 231 #endif
234 232
235 // The load has acquire memory ordering as the thread which reads the 233 // The load has acquire memory ordering as the thread which reads the
236 // instance_ pointer must acquire visibility over the singleton data. 234 // instance_ pointer must acquire visibility over the singleton data.
237 base::subtle::AtomicWord value = base::subtle::Acquire_Load(&instance_); 235 subtle::AtomicWord value = subtle::Acquire_Load(&instance_);
238 if (value != 0 && value != base::internal::kBeingCreatedMarker) { 236 if (value != 0 && value != internal::kBeingCreatedMarker) {
239 return reinterpret_cast<Type*>(value); 237 return reinterpret_cast<Type*>(value);
240 } 238 }
241 239
242 // Object isn't created yet, maybe we will get to create it, let's try... 240 // Object isn't created yet, maybe we will get to create it, let's try...
243 if (base::subtle::Acquire_CompareAndSwap( 241 if (subtle::Acquire_CompareAndSwap(&instance_, 0,
244 &instance_, 0, base::internal::kBeingCreatedMarker) == 0) { 242 internal::kBeingCreatedMarker) == 0) {
245 // instance_ was NULL and is now kBeingCreatedMarker. Only one thread 243 // instance_ was NULL and is now kBeingCreatedMarker. Only one thread
246 // will ever get here. Threads might be spinning on us, and they will 244 // will ever get here. Threads might be spinning on us, and they will
247 // stop right after we do this store. 245 // stop right after we do this store.
248 Type* newval = Traits::New(); 246 Type* newval = Traits::New();
249 247
250 // Releases the visibility over instance_ to the readers. 248 // Releases the visibility over instance_ to the readers.
251 base::subtle::Release_Store( 249 subtle::Release_Store(&instance_,
252 &instance_, reinterpret_cast<base::subtle::AtomicWord>(newval)); 250 reinterpret_cast<subtle::AtomicWord>(newval));
253 251
254 if (newval != NULL && Traits::kRegisterAtExit) 252 if (newval != NULL && Traits::kRegisterAtExit)
255 base::AtExitManager::RegisterCallback(OnExit, NULL); 253 AtExitManager::RegisterCallback(OnExit, NULL);
256 254
257 return newval; 255 return newval;
258 } 256 }
259 257
260 // We hit a race. Wait for the other thread to complete it. 258 // We hit a race. Wait for the other thread to complete it.
261 value = base::internal::WaitForInstance(&instance_); 259 value = internal::WaitForInstance(&instance_);
262 260
263 return reinterpret_cast<Type*>(value); 261 return reinterpret_cast<Type*>(value);
264 } 262 }
265 263
266 // Adapter function for use with AtExit(). This should be called single 264 // Adapter function for use with AtExit(). This should be called single
267 // threaded, so don't use atomic operations. 265 // threaded, so don't use atomic operations.
268 // Calling OnExit while singleton is in use by other threads is a mistake. 266 // Calling OnExit while singleton is in use by other threads is a mistake.
269 static void OnExit(void* /*unused*/) { 267 static void OnExit(void* /*unused*/) {
270 // AtExit should only ever be register after the singleton instance was 268 // AtExit should only ever be register after the singleton instance was
271 // created. We should only ever get here with a valid instance_ pointer. 269 // created. We should only ever get here with a valid instance_ pointer.
272 Traits::Delete( 270 Traits::Delete(reinterpret_cast<Type*>(subtle::NoBarrier_Load(&instance_)));
273 reinterpret_cast<Type*>(base::subtle::NoBarrier_Load(&instance_)));
274 instance_ = 0; 271 instance_ = 0;
275 } 272 }
276 static base::subtle::AtomicWord instance_; 273 static subtle::AtomicWord instance_;
277 }; 274 };
278 275
279 template <typename Type, typename Traits, typename DifferentiatingType> 276 template <typename Type, typename Traits, typename DifferentiatingType>
280 base::subtle::AtomicWord Singleton<Type, Traits, DifferentiatingType>:: 277 subtle::AtomicWord Singleton<Type, Traits, DifferentiatingType>::instance_ = 0;
281 instance_ = 0;
282 278
279 } // namespace base
283 #endif // BASE_MEMORY_SINGLETON_H_ 280 #endif // BASE_MEMORY_SINGLETON_H_
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