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bfd/doc/coffcode.texi

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-@section coff backends
-BFD supports a number of different flavours of coff format.
-The major differences between formats are the sizes and
-alignments of fields in structures on disk, and the occasional
-extra field.
-
-Coff in all its varieties is implemented with a few common
-files and a number of implementation specific files. For
-example, The 88k bcs coff format is implemented in the file
-@file{coff-m88k.c}. This file @code{#include}s
-@file{coff/m88k.h} which defines the external structure of the
-coff format for the 88k, and @file{coff/internal.h} which
-defines the internal structure. @file{coff-m88k.c} also
-defines the relocations used by the 88k format
-@xref{Relocations}.
-
-The Intel i960 processor version of coff is implemented in
-@file{coff-i960.c}. This file has the same structure as
-@file{coff-m88k.c}, except that it includes @file{coff/i960.h}
-rather than @file{coff-m88k.h}.
-
-@subsection Porting to a new version of coff
-The recommended method is to select from the existing
-implementations the version of coff which is most like the one
-you want to use.  For example, we'll say that i386 coff is
-the one you select, and that your coff flavour is called foo.
-Copy @file{i386coff.c} to @file{foocoff.c}, copy
-@file{../include/coff/i386.h} to @file{../include/coff/foo.h},
-and add the lines to @file{targets.c} and @file{Makefile.in}
-so that your new back end is used. Alter the shapes of the
-structures in @file{../include/coff/foo.h} so that they match
-what you need. You will probably also have to add
-@code{#ifdef}s to the code in @file{coff/internal.h} and
-@file{coffcode.h} if your version of coff is too wild.
-
-You can verify that your new BFD backend works quite simply by
-building @file{objdump} from the @file{binutils} directory,
-and making sure that its version of what's going on and your
-host system's idea (assuming it has the pretty standard coff
-dump utility, usually called @code{att-dump} or just
-@code{dump}) are the same.  Then clean up your code, and send
-what you've done to Cygnus. Then your stuff will be in the
-next release, and you won't have to keep integrating it.
-
-@subsection How the coff backend works
-
-
-@subsubsection File layout
-The Coff backend is split into generic routines that are
-applicable to any Coff target and routines that are specific
-to a particular target.  The target-specific routines are
-further split into ones which are basically the same for all
-Coff targets except that they use the external symbol format
-or use different values for certain constants.
-
-The generic routines are in @file{coffgen.c}.  These routines
-work for any Coff target.  They use some hooks into the target
-specific code; the hooks are in a @code{bfd_coff_backend_data}
-structure, one of which exists for each target.
-
-The essentially similar target-specific routines are in
-@file{coffcode.h}.  This header file includes executable C code.
-The various Coff targets first include the appropriate Coff
-header file, make any special defines that are needed, and
-then include @file{coffcode.h}.
-
-Some of the Coff targets then also have additional routines in
-the target source file itself.
-
-For example, @file{coff-i960.c} includes
-@file{coff/internal.h} and @file{coff/i960.h}.  It then
-defines a few constants, such as @code{I960}, and includes
-@file{coffcode.h}.  Since the i960 has complex relocation
-types, @file{coff-i960.c} also includes some code to
-manipulate the i960 relocs.  This code is not in
-@file{coffcode.h} because it would not be used by any other
-target.
-
-@subsubsection Coff long section names
-In the standard Coff object format, section names are limited to
-the eight bytes available in the @code{s_name} field of the
-@code{SCNHDR} section header structure.  The format requires the
-field to be NUL-padded, but not necessarily NUL-terminated, so
-the longest section names permitted are a full eight characters.
-
-The Microsoft PE variants of the Coff object file format add
-an extension to support the use of long section names.  This
-extension is defined in section 4 of the Microsoft PE/COFF 
-specification (rev 8.1).  If a section name is too long to fit
-into the section header's @code{s_name} field, it is instead
-placed into the string table, and the @code{s_name} field is
-filled with a slash ("/") followed by the ASCII decimal 
-representation of the offset of the full name relative to the
-string table base.
-
-Note that this implies that the extension can only be used in object
-files, as executables do not contain a string table.  The standard
-specifies that long section names from objects emitted into executable
-images are to be truncated.
-
-However, as a GNU extension, BFD can generate executable images
-that contain a string table and long section names.  This
-would appear to be technically valid, as the standard only says
-that Coff debugging information is deprecated, not forbidden,
-and in practice it works, although some tools that parse PE files
-expecting the MS standard format may become confused; @file{PEview} is
-one known example.
-
-The functionality is supported in BFD by code implemented under 
-the control of the macro @code{COFF_LONG_SECTION_NAMES}.  If not
-defined, the format does not support long section names in any way.
-If defined, it is used to initialise a flag, 
-@code{_bfd_coff_long_section_names}, and a hook function pointer, 
-@code{_bfd_coff_set_long_section_names}, in the Coff backend data
-structure.  The flag controls the generation of long section names
-in output BFDs at runtime; if it is false, as it will be by default
-when generating an executable image, long section names are truncated;
-if true, the long section names extension is employed.  The hook
-points to a function that allows the value of the flag to be altered
-at runtime, on formats that support long section names at all; on
-other formats it points to a stub that returns an error indication.
-With input BFDs, the flag is set according to whether any long section
-names are detected while reading the section headers.  For a completely
-new BFD, the flag is set to the default for the target format.  This
-information can be used by a client of the BFD library when deciding
-what output format to generate, and means that a BFD that is opened
-for read and subsequently converted to a writeable BFD and modified
-in-place will retain whatever format it had on input.
-
-If @code{COFF_LONG_SECTION_NAMES} is simply defined (blank), or is
-defined to the value "1", then long section names are enabled by
-default; if it is defined to the value zero, they are disabled by
-default (but still accepted in input BFDs).  The header @file{coffcode.h}
-defines a macro, @code{COFF_DEFAULT_LONG_SECTION_NAMES}, which is
-used in the backends to initialise the backend data structure fields
-appropriately; see the comments for further detail.
-
-@subsubsection Bit twiddling
-Each flavour of coff supported in BFD has its own header file
-describing the external layout of the structures. There is also
-an internal description of the coff layout, in
-@file{coff/internal.h}. A major function of the
-coff backend is swapping the bytes and twiddling the bits to
-translate the external form of the structures into the normal
-internal form. This is all performed in the
-@code{bfd_swap}_@i{thing}_@i{direction} routines. Some
-elements are different sizes between different versions of
-coff; it is the duty of the coff version specific include file
-to override the definitions of various packing routines in
-@file{coffcode.h}. E.g., the size of line number entry in coff is
-sometimes 16 bits, and sometimes 32 bits. @code{#define}ing
-@code{PUT_LNSZ_LNNO} and @code{GET_LNSZ_LNNO} will select the
-correct one. No doubt, some day someone will find a version of
-coff which has a varying field size not catered to at the
-moment. To port BFD, that person will have to add more @code{#defines}.
-Three of the bit twiddling routines are exported to
-@code{gdb}; @code{coff_swap_aux_in}, @code{coff_swap_sym_in}
-and @code{coff_swap_lineno_in}. @code{GDB} reads the symbol
-table on its own, but uses BFD to fix things up.  More of the
-bit twiddlers are exported for @code{gas};
-@code{coff_swap_aux_out}, @code{coff_swap_sym_out},
-@code{coff_swap_lineno_out}, @code{coff_swap_reloc_out},
-@code{coff_swap_filehdr_out}, @code{coff_swap_aouthdr_out},
-@code{coff_swap_scnhdr_out}. @code{Gas} currently keeps track
-of all the symbol table and reloc drudgery itself, thereby
-saving the internal BFD overhead, but uses BFD to swap things
-on the way out, making cross ports much safer.  Doing so also
-allows BFD (and thus the linker) to use the same header files
-as @code{gas}, which makes one avenue to disaster disappear.
-
-@subsubsection Symbol reading
-The simple canonical form for symbols used by BFD is not rich
-enough to keep all the information available in a coff symbol
-table. The back end gets around this problem by keeping the original
-symbol table around, "behind the scenes".
-
-When a symbol table is requested (through a call to
-@code{bfd_canonicalize_symtab}), a request gets through to
-@code{coff_get_normalized_symtab}. This reads the symbol table from
-the coff file and swaps all the structures inside into the
-internal form. It also fixes up all the pointers in the table
-(represented in the file by offsets from the first symbol in
-the table) into physical pointers to elements in the new
-internal table. This involves some work since the meanings of
-fields change depending upon context: a field that is a
-pointer to another structure in the symbol table at one moment
-may be the size in bytes of a structure at the next.  Another
-pass is made over the table. All symbols which mark file names
-(@code{C_FILE} symbols) are modified so that the internal
-string points to the value in the auxent (the real filename)
-rather than the normal text associated with the symbol
-(@code{".file"}).
-
-At this time the symbol names are moved around. Coff stores
-all symbols less than nine characters long physically
-within the symbol table; longer strings are kept at the end of
-the file in the string table. This pass moves all strings
-into memory and replaces them with pointers to the strings.
-
-The symbol table is massaged once again, this time to create
-the canonical table used by the BFD application. Each symbol
-is inspected in turn, and a decision made (using the
-@code{sclass} field) about the various flags to set in the
-@code{asymbol}.  @xref{Symbols}. The generated canonical table
-shares strings with the hidden internal symbol table.
-
-Any linenumbers are read from the coff file too, and attached
-to the symbols which own the functions the linenumbers belong to.
-
-@subsubsection Symbol writing
-Writing a symbol to a coff file which didn't come from a coff
-file will lose any debugging information. The @code{asymbol}
-structure remembers the BFD from which the symbol was taken, and on
-output the back end makes sure that the same destination target as
-source target is present.
-
-When the symbols have come from a coff file then all the
-debugging information is preserved.
-
-Symbol tables are provided for writing to the back end in a
-vector of pointers to pointers. This allows applications like
-the linker to accumulate and output large symbol tables
-without having to do too much byte copying.
-
-This function runs through the provided symbol table and
-patches each symbol marked as a file place holder
-(@code{C_FILE}) to point to the next file place holder in the
-list. It also marks each @code{offset} field in the list with
-the offset from the first symbol of the current symbol.
-
-Another function of this procedure is to turn the canonical
-value form of BFD into the form used by coff. Internally, BFD
-expects symbol values to be offsets from a section base; so a
-symbol physically at 0x120, but in a section starting at
-0x100, would have the value 0x20. Coff expects symbols to
-contain their final value, so symbols have their values
-changed at this point to reflect their sum with their owning
-section.  This transformation uses the
-@code{output_section} field of the @code{asymbol}'s
-@code{asection} @xref{Sections}.
-
-@itemize @bullet
-
-@item
-@code{coff_mangle_symbols}
-@end itemize
-This routine runs though the provided symbol table and uses
-the offsets generated by the previous pass and the pointers
-generated when the symbol table was read in to create the
-structured hierarchy required by coff. It changes each pointer
-to a symbol into the index into the symbol table of the asymbol.
-
-@itemize @bullet
-
-@item
-@code{coff_write_symbols}
-@end itemize
-This routine runs through the symbol table and patches up the
-symbols from their internal form into the coff way, calls the
-bit twiddlers, and writes out the table to the file.
-
-@findex coff_symbol_type
-@subsubsection @code{coff_symbol_type}
-@strong{Description}@*
-The hidden information for an @code{asymbol} is described in a
-@code{combined_entry_type}:
-
-
-@example
-
-typedef struct coff_ptr_struct
-@{
-  /* Remembers the offset from the first symbol in the file for
-     this symbol. Generated by coff_renumber_symbols. */
-  unsigned int offset;
-
-  /* Should the value of this symbol be renumbered.  Used for
-     XCOFF C_BSTAT symbols.  Set by coff_slurp_symbol_table.  */
-  unsigned int fix_value : 1;
-
-  /* Should the tag field of this symbol be renumbered.
-     Created by coff_pointerize_aux. */
-  unsigned int fix_tag : 1;
-
-  /* Should the endidx field of this symbol be renumbered.
-     Created by coff_pointerize_aux. */
-  unsigned int fix_end : 1;
-
-  /* Should the x_csect.x_scnlen field be renumbered.
-     Created by coff_pointerize_aux. */
-  unsigned int fix_scnlen : 1;
-
-  /* Fix up an XCOFF C_BINCL/C_EINCL symbol.  The value is the
-     index into the line number entries.  Set by coff_slurp_symbol_table.  */
-  unsigned int fix_line : 1;
-
-  /* The container for the symbol structure as read and translated
-     from the file. */
-  union
-  @{
-    union internal_auxent auxent;
-    struct internal_syment syment;
-  @} u;
-@} combined_entry_type;
-
-
-/* Each canonical asymbol really looks like this: */
-
-typedef struct coff_symbol_struct
-@{
-  /* The actual symbol which the rest of BFD works with */
-  asymbol symbol;
-
-  /* A pointer to the hidden information for this symbol */
-  combined_entry_type *native;
-
-  /* A pointer to the linenumber information for this symbol */
-  struct lineno_cache_entry *lineno;
-
-  /* Have the line numbers been relocated yet ? */
-  bfd_boolean done_lineno;
-@} coff_symbol_type;
-@end example
-@findex bfd_coff_backend_data
-@subsubsection @code{bfd_coff_backend_data}
-
-@example
-/* COFF symbol classifications.  */
-
-enum coff_symbol_classification
-@{
-  /* Global symbol.  */
-  COFF_SYMBOL_GLOBAL,
-  /* Common symbol.  */
-  COFF_SYMBOL_COMMON,
-  /* Undefined symbol.  */
-  COFF_SYMBOL_UNDEFINED,
-  /* Local symbol.  */
-  COFF_SYMBOL_LOCAL,
-  /* PE section symbol.  */
-  COFF_SYMBOL_PE_SECTION
-@};
-
-@end example
-Special entry points for gdb to swap in coff symbol table parts:
-@example
-typedef struct
-@{
-  void (*_bfd_coff_swap_aux_in)
-    (bfd *, void *, int, int, int, int, void *);
-
-  void (*_bfd_coff_swap_sym_in)
-    (bfd *, void *, void *);
-
-  void (*_bfd_coff_swap_lineno_in)
-    (bfd *, void *, void *);
-
-  unsigned int (*_bfd_coff_swap_aux_out)
-    (bfd *, void *, int, int, int, int, void *);
-
-  unsigned int (*_bfd_coff_swap_sym_out)
-    (bfd *, void *, void *);
-
-  unsigned int (*_bfd_coff_swap_lineno_out)
-    (bfd *, void *, void *);
-
-  unsigned int (*_bfd_coff_swap_reloc_out)
-    (bfd *, void *, void *);
-
-  unsigned int (*_bfd_coff_swap_filehdr_out)
-    (bfd *, void *, void *);
-
-  unsigned int (*_bfd_coff_swap_aouthdr_out)
-    (bfd *, void *, void *);
-
-  unsigned int (*_bfd_coff_swap_scnhdr_out)
-    (bfd *, void *, void *);
-
-  unsigned int _bfd_filhsz;
-  unsigned int _bfd_aoutsz;
-  unsigned int _bfd_scnhsz;
-  unsigned int _bfd_symesz;
-  unsigned int _bfd_auxesz;
-  unsigned int _bfd_relsz;
-  unsigned int _bfd_linesz;
-  unsigned int _bfd_filnmlen;
-  bfd_boolean _bfd_coff_long_filenames;
-
-  bfd_boolean _bfd_coff_long_section_names;
-  bfd_boolean (*_bfd_coff_set_long_section_names)
-    (bfd *, int);
-  
-  unsigned int _bfd_coff_default_section_alignment_power;
-  bfd_boolean _bfd_coff_force_symnames_in_strings;
-  unsigned int _bfd_coff_debug_string_prefix_length;
-
-  void (*_bfd_coff_swap_filehdr_in)
-    (bfd *, void *, void *);
-
-  void (*_bfd_coff_swap_aouthdr_in)
-    (bfd *, void *, void *);
-
-  void (*_bfd_coff_swap_scnhdr_in)
-    (bfd *, void *, void *);
-
-  void (*_bfd_coff_swap_reloc_in)
-    (bfd *abfd, void *, void *);
-
-  bfd_boolean (*_bfd_coff_bad_format_hook)
-    (bfd *, void *);
-
-  bfd_boolean (*_bfd_coff_set_arch_mach_hook)
-    (bfd *, void *);
-
-  void * (*_bfd_coff_mkobject_hook)
-    (bfd *, void *, void *);
-
-  bfd_boolean (*_bfd_styp_to_sec_flags_hook)
-    (bfd *, void *, const char *, asection *, flagword *);
-
-  void (*_bfd_set_alignment_hook)
-    (bfd *, asection *, void *);
-
-  bfd_boolean (*_bfd_coff_slurp_symbol_table)
-    (bfd *);
-
-  bfd_boolean (*_bfd_coff_symname_in_debug)
-    (bfd *, struct internal_syment *);
-
-  bfd_boolean (*_bfd_coff_pointerize_aux_hook)
-    (bfd *, combined_entry_type *, combined_entry_type *,
-            unsigned int, combined_entry_type *);
-
-  bfd_boolean (*_bfd_coff_print_aux)
-    (bfd *, FILE *, combined_entry_type *, combined_entry_type *,
-            combined_entry_type *, unsigned int);
-
-  void (*_bfd_coff_reloc16_extra_cases)
-    (bfd *, struct bfd_link_info *, struct bfd_link_order *, arelent *,
-           bfd_byte *, unsigned int *, unsigned int *);
-
-  int (*_bfd_coff_reloc16_estimate)
-    (bfd *, asection *, arelent *, unsigned int,
-            struct bfd_link_info *);
-
-  enum coff_symbol_classification (*_bfd_coff_classify_symbol)
-    (bfd *, struct internal_syment *);
-
-  bfd_boolean (*_bfd_coff_compute_section_file_positions)
-    (bfd *);
-
-  bfd_boolean (*_bfd_coff_start_final_link)
-    (bfd *, struct bfd_link_info *);
-
-  bfd_boolean (*_bfd_coff_relocate_section)
-    (bfd *, struct bfd_link_info *, bfd *, asection *, bfd_byte *,
-            struct internal_reloc *, struct internal_syment *, asection **);
-
-  reloc_howto_type *(*_bfd_coff_rtype_to_howto)
-    (bfd *, asection *, struct internal_reloc *,
-            struct coff_link_hash_entry *, struct internal_syment *,
-            bfd_vma *);
-
-  bfd_boolean (*_bfd_coff_adjust_symndx)
-    (bfd *, struct bfd_link_info *, bfd *, asection *,
-            struct internal_reloc *, bfd_boolean *);
-
-  bfd_boolean (*_bfd_coff_link_add_one_symbol)
-    (struct bfd_link_info *, bfd *, const char *, flagword,
-            asection *, bfd_vma, const char *, bfd_boolean, bfd_boolean,
-            struct bfd_link_hash_entry **);
-
-  bfd_boolean (*_bfd_coff_link_output_has_begun)
-    (bfd *, struct coff_final_link_info *);
-
-  bfd_boolean (*_bfd_coff_final_link_postscript)
-    (bfd *, struct coff_final_link_info *);
-
-  bfd_boolean (*_bfd_coff_print_pdata)
-    (bfd *, void *);
-
-@} bfd_coff_backend_data;
-
-#define coff_backend_info(abfd) \
-  ((bfd_coff_backend_data *) (abfd)->xvec->backend_data)
-
-#define bfd_coff_swap_aux_in(a,e,t,c,ind,num,i) \
-  ((coff_backend_info (a)->_bfd_coff_swap_aux_in) (a,e,t,c,ind,num,i))
-
-#define bfd_coff_swap_sym_in(a,e,i) \
-  ((coff_backend_info (a)->_bfd_coff_swap_sym_in) (a,e,i))
-
-#define bfd_coff_swap_lineno_in(a,e,i) \
-  ((coff_backend_info ( a)->_bfd_coff_swap_lineno_in) (a,e,i))
-
-#define bfd_coff_swap_reloc_out(abfd, i, o) \
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_swap_reloc_out) (abfd, i, o))
-
-#define bfd_coff_swap_lineno_out(abfd, i, o) \
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_swap_lineno_out) (abfd, i, o))
-
-#define bfd_coff_swap_aux_out(a,i,t,c,ind,num,o) \
-  ((coff_backend_info (a)->_bfd_coff_swap_aux_out) (a,i,t,c,ind,num,o))
-
-#define bfd_coff_swap_sym_out(abfd, i,o) \
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_swap_sym_out) (abfd, i, o))
-
-#define bfd_coff_swap_scnhdr_out(abfd, i,o) \
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_swap_scnhdr_out) (abfd, i, o))
-
-#define bfd_coff_swap_filehdr_out(abfd, i,o) \
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_swap_filehdr_out) (abfd, i, o))
-
-#define bfd_coff_swap_aouthdr_out(abfd, i,o) \
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_swap_aouthdr_out) (abfd, i, o))
-
-#define bfd_coff_filhsz(abfd) (coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_filhsz)
-#define bfd_coff_aoutsz(abfd) (coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_aoutsz)
-#define bfd_coff_scnhsz(abfd) (coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_scnhsz)
-#define bfd_coff_symesz(abfd) (coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_symesz)
-#define bfd_coff_auxesz(abfd) (coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_auxesz)
-#define bfd_coff_relsz(abfd)  (coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_relsz)
-#define bfd_coff_linesz(abfd) (coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_linesz)
-#define bfd_coff_filnmlen(abfd) (coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_filnmlen)
-#define bfd_coff_long_filenames(abfd) \
-  (coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_long_filenames)
-#define bfd_coff_long_section_names(abfd) \
-  (coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_long_section_names)
-#define bfd_coff_set_long_section_names(abfd, enable) \
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_set_long_section_names) (abfd, enable))
-#define bfd_coff_default_section_alignment_power(abfd) \
-  (coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_default_section_alignment_power)
-#define bfd_coff_swap_filehdr_in(abfd, i,o) \
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_swap_filehdr_in) (abfd, i, o))
-
-#define bfd_coff_swap_aouthdr_in(abfd, i,o) \
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_swap_aouthdr_in) (abfd, i, o))
-
-#define bfd_coff_swap_scnhdr_in(abfd, i,o) \
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_swap_scnhdr_in) (abfd, i, o))
-
-#define bfd_coff_swap_reloc_in(abfd, i, o) \
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_swap_reloc_in) (abfd, i, o))
-
-#define bfd_coff_bad_format_hook(abfd, filehdr) \
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_bad_format_hook) (abfd, filehdr))
-
-#define bfd_coff_set_arch_mach_hook(abfd, filehdr)\
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_set_arch_mach_hook) (abfd, filehdr))
-#define bfd_coff_mkobject_hook(abfd, filehdr, aouthdr)\
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_mkobject_hook)\
-   (abfd, filehdr, aouthdr))
-
-#define bfd_coff_styp_to_sec_flags_hook(abfd, scnhdr, name, section, flags_ptr)\
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_styp_to_sec_flags_hook)\
-   (abfd, scnhdr, name, section, flags_ptr))
-
-#define bfd_coff_set_alignment_hook(abfd, sec, scnhdr)\
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_set_alignment_hook) (abfd, sec, scnhdr))
-
-#define bfd_coff_slurp_symbol_table(abfd)\
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_slurp_symbol_table) (abfd))
-
-#define bfd_coff_symname_in_debug(abfd, sym)\
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_symname_in_debug) (abfd, sym))
-
-#define bfd_coff_force_symnames_in_strings(abfd)\
-  (coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_force_symnames_in_strings)
-
-#define bfd_coff_debug_string_prefix_length(abfd)\
-  (coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_debug_string_prefix_length)
-
-#define bfd_coff_print_aux(abfd, file, base, symbol, aux, indaux)\
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_print_aux)\
-   (abfd, file, base, symbol, aux, indaux))
-
-#define bfd_coff_reloc16_extra_cases(abfd, link_info, link_order,\
-                                     reloc, data, src_ptr, dst_ptr)\
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_reloc16_extra_cases)\
-   (abfd, link_info, link_order, reloc, data, src_ptr, dst_ptr))
-
-#define bfd_coff_reloc16_estimate(abfd, section, reloc, shrink, link_info)\
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_reloc16_estimate)\
-   (abfd, section, reloc, shrink, link_info))
-
-#define bfd_coff_classify_symbol(abfd, sym)\
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_classify_symbol)\
-   (abfd, sym))
-
-#define bfd_coff_compute_section_file_positions(abfd)\
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_compute_section_file_positions)\
-   (abfd))
-
-#define bfd_coff_start_final_link(obfd, info)\
-  ((coff_backend_info (obfd)->_bfd_coff_start_final_link)\
-   (obfd, info))
-#define bfd_coff_relocate_section(obfd,info,ibfd,o,con,rel,isyms,secs)\
-  ((coff_backend_info (ibfd)->_bfd_coff_relocate_section)\
-   (obfd, info, ibfd, o, con, rel, isyms, secs))
-#define bfd_coff_rtype_to_howto(abfd, sec, rel, h, sym, addendp)\
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_rtype_to_howto)\
-   (abfd, sec, rel, h, sym, addendp))
-#define bfd_coff_adjust_symndx(obfd, info, ibfd, sec, rel, adjustedp)\
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_adjust_symndx)\
-   (obfd, info, ibfd, sec, rel, adjustedp))
-#define bfd_coff_link_add_one_symbol(info, abfd, name, flags, section,\
-                                     value, string, cp, coll, hashp)\
-  ((coff_backend_info (abfd)->_bfd_coff_link_add_one_symbol)\
-   (info, abfd, name, flags, section, value, string, cp, coll, hashp))
-
-#define bfd_coff_link_output_has_begun(a,p) \
-  ((coff_backend_info (a)->_bfd_coff_link_output_has_begun) (a, p))
-#define bfd_coff_final_link_postscript(a,p) \
-  ((coff_backend_info (a)->_bfd_coff_final_link_postscript) (a, p))
-
-#define bfd_coff_have_print_pdata(a) \
-  (coff_backend_info (a)->_bfd_coff_print_pdata)
-#define bfd_coff_print_pdata(a,p) \
-  ((coff_backend_info (a)->_bfd_coff_print_pdata) (a, p))
-
-/* Macro: Returns true if the bfd is a PE executable as opposed to a
-   PE object file.  */
-#define bfd_pei_p(abfd) \
-  (CONST_STRNEQ ((abfd)->xvec->name, "pei-"))
-@end example
-@subsubsection Writing relocations
-To write relocations, the back end steps though the
-canonical relocation table and create an
-@code{internal_reloc}. The symbol index to use is removed from
-the @code{offset} field in the symbol table supplied.  The
-address comes directly from the sum of the section base
-address and the relocation offset; the type is dug directly
-from the howto field.  Then the @code{internal_reloc} is
-swapped into the shape of an @code{external_reloc} and written
-out to disk.
-
-@subsubsection Reading linenumbers
-Creating the linenumber table is done by reading in the entire
-coff linenumber table, and creating another table for internal use.
-
-A coff linenumber table is structured so that each function
-is marked as having a line number of 0. Each line within the
-function is an offset from the first line in the function. The
-base of the line number information for the table is stored in
-the symbol associated with the function.
-
-Note: The PE format uses line number 0 for a flag indicating a
-new source file.
-
-The information is copied from the external to the internal
-table, and each symbol which marks a function is marked by
-pointing its...
-
-How does this work ?
-
-@subsubsection Reading relocations
-Coff relocations are easily transformed into the internal BFD form
-(@code{arelent}).
-
-Reading a coff relocation table is done in the following stages:
-
-@itemize @bullet
-
-@item
-Read the entire coff relocation table into memory.
-
-@item
-Process each relocation in turn; first swap it from the
-external to the internal form.
-
-@item
-Turn the symbol referenced in the relocation's symbol index
-into a pointer into the canonical symbol table.
-This table is the same as the one returned by a call to
-@code{bfd_canonicalize_symtab}. The back end will call that
-routine and save the result if a canonicalization hasn't been done.
-
-@item
-The reloc index is turned into a pointer to a howto
-structure, in a back end specific way. For instance, the 386
-and 960 use the @code{r_type} to directly produce an index
-into a howto table vector; the 88k subtracts a number from the
-@code{r_type} field and creates an addend field.
-@end itemize
-