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| 1 Universal manifests for Mozilla test harnesses |
| 2 |
| 3 # What is ManifestDestiny? |
| 4 |
| 5 What ManifestDestiny gives you: |
| 6 |
| 7 * manifests are ordered lists of tests |
| 8 * tests may have an arbitrary number of key, value pairs |
| 9 * the parser returns an ordered list of test data structures, which |
| 10 are just dicts with some keys. For example, a test with no |
| 11 user-specified metadata looks like this: |
| 12 |
| 13 [{'expected': 'pass', |
| 14 'path': '/home/mozilla/mozmill/src/ManifestDestiny/manifestdestiny/tests/t
estToolbar/testBackForwardButtons.js', |
| 15 'relpath': 'testToolbar/testBackForwardButtons.js', |
| 16 'name': 'testBackForwardButtons.js', |
| 17 'here': '/home/mozilla/mozmill/src/ManifestDestiny/manifestdestiny/tests', |
| 18 'manifest': '/home/mozilla/mozmill/src/ManifestDestiny/manifestdestiny/tes
ts/manifest.ini',}] |
| 19 |
| 20 The keys displayed here (path, relpath, name, here, and manifest) are reserved k
eys for ManifestDestiny and any consuming APIs. You can add additional key, val
ue metadata to each test. |
| 21 |
| 22 |
| 23 # Why have test manifests? |
| 24 |
| 25 It is desirable to have a unified format for test manifests for testing |
| 26 [mozilla-central](http://hg.mozilla.org/mozilla-central), etc. |
| 27 |
| 28 * It is desirable to be able to selectively enable or disable tests based on pla
tform or other conditions. This should be easy to do. Currently, since many of t
he harnesses just crawl directories, there is no effective way of disabling a te
st except for removal from mozilla-central |
| 29 * It is desriable to do this in a universal way so that enabling and disabling t
ests as well as other tasks are easily accessible to a wider audience than just
those intimately familiar with the specific test framework. |
| 30 * It is desirable to have other metadata on top of the test. For instance, let's
say a test is marked as skipped. It would be nice to give the reason why. |
| 31 |
| 32 |
| 33 Most Mozilla test harnesses work by crawling a directory structure. |
| 34 While this is straight-forward, manifests offer several practical |
| 35 advantages:: |
| 36 |
| 37 * ability to turn a test off easily: if a test is broken on m-c |
| 38 currently, the only way to turn it off, generally speaking, is just |
| 39 removing the test. Often this is undesirable, as if the test should |
| 40 be dismissed because other people want to land and it can't be |
| 41 investigated in real time (is it a failure? is the test bad? is no |
| 42 one around that knows the test?), then backing out a test is at best |
| 43 problematic. With a manifest, a test may be disabled without |
| 44 removing it from the tree and a bug filed with the appropriate |
| 45 reason: |
| 46 |
| 47 [test_broken.js] |
| 48 disabled = https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=123456 |
| 49 |
| 50 * ability to run different (subsets of) tests on different |
| 51 platforms. Traditionally, we've done a bit of magic or had the test |
| 52 know what platform it would or would not run on. With manifests, you |
| 53 can mark what platforms a test will or will not run on and change |
| 54 these without changing the test. |
| 55 |
| 56 [test_works_on_windows_only.js] |
| 57 run-if = os == 'win' |
| 58 |
| 59 * ability to markup tests with metadata. We have a large, complicated, |
| 60 and always changing infrastructure. key, value metadata may be used |
| 61 as an annotation to a test and appropriately curated and mined. For |
| 62 instance, we could mark certain tests as randomorange with a bug |
| 63 number, if it were desirable. |
| 64 |
| 65 * ability to have sane and well-defined test-runs. You can keep |
| 66 different manifests for different test runs and ``[include:]`` |
| 67 (sub)manifests as appropriate to your needs. |
| 68 |
| 69 |
| 70 # Manifest Format |
| 71 |
| 72 Manifests are .ini file with the section names denoting the path |
| 73 relative to the manifest: |
| 74 |
| 75 [foo.js] |
| 76 [bar.js] |
| 77 [fleem.js] |
| 78 |
| 79 The sections are read in order. In addition, tests may include |
| 80 arbitrary key, value metadata to be used by the harness. You may also |
| 81 have a `[DEFAULT]` section that will give key, value pairs that will |
| 82 be inherited by each test unless overridden: |
| 83 |
| 84 [DEFAULT] |
| 85 type = restart |
| 86 |
| 87 [lilies.js] |
| 88 color = white |
| 89 |
| 90 [daffodils.js] |
| 91 color = yellow |
| 92 type = other |
| 93 # override type from DEFAULT |
| 94 |
| 95 [roses.js] |
| 96 color = red |
| 97 |
| 98 You can also include other manifests: |
| 99 |
| 100 [include:subdir/anothermanifest.ini] |
| 101 |
| 102 Manifests are included relative to the directory of the manifest with |
| 103 the `[include:]` directive unless they are absolute paths. |
| 104 |
| 105 |
| 106 # Data |
| 107 |
| 108 Manifest Destiny gives tests as a list of dictionaries (in python |
| 109 terms). |
| 110 |
| 111 * path: full path to the test |
| 112 * relpath: relative path starting from the root manifest location |
| 113 * name: file name of the test |
| 114 * here: the parent directory of the manifest |
| 115 * manifest: the path to the manifest containing the test |
| 116 |
| 117 This data corresponds to a one-line manifest: |
| 118 |
| 119 [testToolbar/testBackForwardButtons.js] |
| 120 |
| 121 If additional key, values were specified, they would be in this dict |
| 122 as well. |
| 123 |
| 124 Outside of the reserved keys, the remaining key, values |
| 125 are up to convention to use. There is a (currently very minimal) |
| 126 generic integration layer in ManifestDestiny for use of all harnesses, |
| 127 `manifestparser.TestManifest`. |
| 128 For instance, if the 'disabled' key is present, you can get the set of |
| 129 tests without disabled (various other queries are doable as well). |
| 130 |
| 131 Since the system is convention-based, the harnesses may do whatever |
| 132 they want with the data. They may ignore it completely, they may use |
| 133 the provided integration layer, or they may provide their own |
| 134 integration layer. This should allow whatever sort of logic is |
| 135 desired. For instance, if in yourtestharness you wanted to run only on |
| 136 mondays for a certain class of tests: |
| 137 |
| 138 tests = [] |
| 139 for test in manifests.tests: |
| 140 if 'runOnDay' in test: |
| 141 if calendar.day_name[calendar.weekday(*datetime.datetime.now().timetu
ple()[:3])].lower() == test['runOnDay'].lower(): |
| 142 tests.append(test) |
| 143 else: |
| 144 tests.append(test) |
| 145 |
| 146 To recap: |
| 147 * the manifests allow you to specify test data |
| 148 * the parser gives you this data |
| 149 * you can use it however you want or process it further as you need |
| 150 |
| 151 Tests are denoted by sections in an .ini file (see |
| 152 http://hg.mozilla.org/automation/ManifestDestiny/file/tip/manifestdestiny/tests/
mozmill-example.ini). |
| 153 |
| 154 Additional manifest files may be included with an `[include:]` directive: |
| 155 |
| 156 [include:path-to-additional-file.manifest] |
| 157 |
| 158 The path to included files is relative to the current manifest. |
| 159 |
| 160 The `[DEFAULT]` section contains variables that all tests inherit from. |
| 161 |
| 162 Included files will inherit the top-level variables but may override |
| 163 in their own `[DEFAULT]` section. |
| 164 |
| 165 |
| 166 # ManifestDestiny Architecture |
| 167 |
| 168 There is a two- or three-layered approach to the ManifestDestiny |
| 169 architecture, depending on your needs: |
| 170 |
| 171 1. ManifestParser: this is a generic parser for .ini manifests that |
| 172 facilitates the `[include:]` logic and the inheritence of |
| 173 metadata. Despite the internal variable being called `self.tests` |
| 174 (an oversight), this layer has nothing in particular to do with tests. |
| 175 |
| 176 2. TestManifest: this is a harness-agnostic integration layer that is |
| 177 test-specific. TestManifest faciliates `skip-if` and `run-if` logic. |
| 178 |
| 179 3. Optionally, a harness will have an integration layer than inherits |
| 180 from TestManifest if more harness-specific customization is desired at |
| 181 the manifest level. |
| 182 |
| 183 See the source code at https://github.com/mozilla/mozbase/tree/master/manifestde
stiny |
| 184 and |
| 185 https://github.com/mozilla/mozbase/blob/master/manifestdestiny/manifestparser.py |
| 186 in particular. |
| 187 |
| 188 |
| 189 # Using Manifests |
| 190 |
| 191 A test harness will normally call `TestManifest.active_tests`: |
| 192 |
| 193 def active_tests(self, exists=True, disabled=True, **tags): |
| 194 |
| 195 The manifests are passed to the `__init__` or `read` methods with |
| 196 appropriate arguments. `active_tests` then allows you to select the |
| 197 tests you want: |
| 198 |
| 199 - exists : return only existing tests |
| 200 - disabled : whether to return disabled tests; if not these will be |
| 201 filtered out; if True (the default), the `disabled` key of a |
| 202 test's metadata will be present and will be set to the reason that a |
| 203 test is disabled |
| 204 - tags : keys and values to filter on (e.g. `os='linux'`) |
| 205 |
| 206 `active_tests` looks for tests with `skip-if` |
| 207 `run-if`. If the condition is or is not fulfilled, |
| 208 respectively, the test is marked as disabled. For instance, if you |
| 209 pass `**dict(os='linux')` as `**tags`, if a test contains a line |
| 210 `skip-if = os == 'linux'` this test will be disabled, or |
| 211 `run-if = os = 'win'` in which case the test will also be disabled. It |
| 212 is up to the harness to pass in tags appropriate to its usage. |
| 213 |
| 214 |
| 215 # Creating Manifests |
| 216 |
| 217 ManifestDestiny comes with a console script, `manifestparser create`, that |
| 218 may be used to create a seed manifest structure from a directory of |
| 219 files. Run `manifestparser help create` for usage information. |
| 220 |
| 221 |
| 222 # Copying Manifests |
| 223 |
| 224 To copy tests and manifests from a source: |
| 225 |
| 226 manifestparser [options] copy from_manifest to_directory -tag1 -tag2 --key1=
value1 key2=value2 ... |
| 227 |
| 228 |
| 229 # Upating Tests |
| 230 |
| 231 To update the tests associated with with a manifest from a source |
| 232 directory: |
| 233 |
| 234 manifestparser [options] update manifest from_directory -tag1 -tag2 --key1=v
alue1 --key2=value2 ... |
| 235 |
| 236 |
| 237 # Usage example |
| 238 |
| 239 Here is an example of how to create manifests for a directory tree and |
| 240 update the tests listed in the manifests from an external source. |
| 241 |
| 242 ## Creating Manifests |
| 243 |
| 244 Let's say you want to make a series of manifests for a given directory structure
containing `.js` test files: |
| 245 |
| 246 testing/mozmill/tests/firefox/ |
| 247 testing/mozmill/tests/firefox/testAwesomeBar/ |
| 248 testing/mozmill/tests/firefox/testPreferences/ |
| 249 testing/mozmill/tests/firefox/testPrivateBrowsing/ |
| 250 testing/mozmill/tests/firefox/testSessionStore/ |
| 251 testing/mozmill/tests/firefox/testTechnicalTools/ |
| 252 testing/mozmill/tests/firefox/testToolbar/ |
| 253 testing/mozmill/tests/firefox/restartTests |
| 254 |
| 255 You can use `manifestparser create` to do this: |
| 256 |
| 257 $ manifestparser help create |
| 258 Usage: manifestparser.py [options] create directory <directory> <...> |
| 259 |
| 260 create a manifest from a list of directories |
| 261 |
| 262 Options: |
| 263 -p PATTERN, --pattern=PATTERN |
| 264 glob pattern for files |
| 265 -i IGNORE, --ignore=IGNORE |
| 266 directories to ignore |
| 267 -w IN_PLACE, --in-place=IN_PLACE |
| 268 Write .ini files in place; filename to write to |
| 269 |
| 270 We only want `.js` files and we want to skip the `restartTests` directory. |
| 271 We also want to write a manifest per directory, so I use the `--in-place` |
| 272 option to write the manifests: |
| 273 |
| 274 manifestparser create . -i restartTests -p '*.js' -w manifest.ini |
| 275 |
| 276 This creates a manifest.ini per directory that we care about with the JS test fi
les: |
| 277 |
| 278 testing/mozmill/tests/firefox/manifest.ini |
| 279 testing/mozmill/tests/firefox/testAwesomeBar/manifest.ini |
| 280 testing/mozmill/tests/firefox/testPreferences/manifest.ini |
| 281 testing/mozmill/tests/firefox/testPrivateBrowsing/manifest.ini |
| 282 testing/mozmill/tests/firefox/testSessionStore/manifest.ini |
| 283 testing/mozmill/tests/firefox/testTechnicalTools/manifest.ini |
| 284 testing/mozmill/tests/firefox/testToolbar/manifest.ini |
| 285 |
| 286 The top-level `manifest.ini` merely has `[include:]` references to the sub manif
ests: |
| 287 |
| 288 [include:testAwesomeBar/manifest.ini] |
| 289 [include:testPreferences/manifest.ini] |
| 290 [include:testPrivateBrowsing/manifest.ini] |
| 291 [include:testSessionStore/manifest.ini] |
| 292 [include:testTechnicalTools/manifest.ini] |
| 293 [include:testToolbar/manifest.ini] |
| 294 |
| 295 Each sub-level manifest contains the (`.js`) test files relative to it. |
| 296 |
| 297 ## Updating the tests from manifests |
| 298 |
| 299 You may need to update tests as given in manifests from a different source direc
tory. |
| 300 `manifestparser update` was made for just this purpose: |
| 301 |
| 302 Usage: manifestparser [options] update manifest directory -tag1 -tag2 --key1
=value1 --key2=value2 ... |
| 303 |
| 304 update the tests as listed in a manifest from a directory |
| 305 |
| 306 To update from a directory of tests in `~/mozmill/src/mozmill-tests/firefox/` ru
n: |
| 307 |
| 308 manifestparser update manifest.ini ~/mozmill/src/mozmill-tests/firefox/ |
| 309 |
| 310 |
| 311 # Tests |
| 312 |
| 313 ManifestDestiny includes a suite of tests: |
| 314 |
| 315 https://github.com/mozilla/mozbase/tree/master/manifestdestiny/tests |
| 316 |
| 317 `test_manifest.txt` is a doctest that may be helpful in figuring out |
| 318 how to use the API. Tests are run via `python test.py`. |
| 319 |
| 320 |
| 321 # Bugs |
| 322 |
| 323 Please file any bugs or feature requests at |
| 324 |
| 325 https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/enter_bug.cgi?product=Testing&component=ManifestPar
ser |
| 326 |
| 327 Or contact jhammel @mozilla.org or in #ateam on irc.mozilla.org |
| 328 |
| 329 |
| 330 # CLI |
| 331 |
| 332 Run `manifestparser help` for usage information. |
| 333 |
| 334 To create a manifest from a set of directories: |
| 335 |
| 336 manifestparser [options] create directory <directory> <...> [create-options] |
| 337 |
| 338 To output a manifest of tests: |
| 339 |
| 340 manifestparser [options] write manifest <manifest> <...> -tag1 -tag2 --key1=
value1 --key2=value2 ... |
| 341 |
| 342 To copy tests and manifests from a source: |
| 343 |
| 344 manifestparser [options] copy from_manifest to_manifest -tag1 -tag2 --key1=v
alue1 key2=value2 ... |
| 345 |
| 346 To update the tests associated with with a manifest from a source |
| 347 directory: |
| 348 |
| 349 manifestparser [options] update manifest from_directory -tag1 -tag2 --key1=v
alue1 --key2=value2 ... |
| 350 |
| 351 |
| 352 # Design Considerations |
| 353 |
| 354 Contrary to some opinion, manifestparser.py and the associated .ini |
| 355 format were not magically plucked from the sky but were descended upon |
| 356 through several design considerations. |
| 357 |
| 358 * test manifests should be ordered. While python 2.6 and greater has |
| 359 a ConfigParser that can use an ordered dictionary, it is a |
| 360 requirement that we support python 2.4 for the build + testing |
| 361 environment. To that end, a `read_ini` function was implemented |
| 362 in manifestparser.py that should be the equivalent of the .ini |
| 363 dialect used by ConfigParser. |
| 364 |
| 365 * the manifest format should be easily human readable/writable. While |
| 366 there was initially some thought of using JSON, there was pushback |
| 367 that JSON was not easily editable. An ideal manifest format would |
| 368 degenerate to a line-separated list of files. While .ini format |
| 369 requires an additional `[]` per line, and while there have been |
| 370 complaints about this, hopefully this is good enough. |
| 371 |
| 372 * python does not have an in-built YAML parser. Since it was |
| 373 undesirable for manifestparser.py to have any dependencies, YAML was |
| 374 dismissed as a format. |
| 375 |
| 376 * we could have used a proprietary format but decided against it. |
| 377 Everyone knows .ini and there are good tools to deal with it. |
| 378 However, since read_ini is the only function that transforms a |
| 379 manifest to a list of key, value pairs, while the implications for |
| 380 changing the format impacts downstream code, doing so should be |
| 381 programmatically simple. |
| 382 |
| 383 * there should be a single file that may easily be |
| 384 transported. Traditionally, test harnesses have lived in |
| 385 mozilla-central. This is less true these days and it is increasingly |
| 386 likely that more tests will not live in mozilla-central going |
| 387 forward. So `manifestparser.py` should be highly consumable. To |
| 388 this end, it is a single file, as appropriate to mozilla-central, |
| 389 which is also a working python package deployed to PyPI for easy |
| 390 installation. |
| 391 |
| 392 |
| 393 # Developing ManifestDestiny |
| 394 |
| 395 ManifestDestiny is developed and maintained by Mozilla's |
| 396 [Automation and Testing Team](https://wiki.mozilla.org/Auto-tools). |
| 397 The project page is located at |
| 398 https://wiki.mozilla.org/Auto-tools/Projects/ManifestDestiny . |
| 399 |
| 400 |
| 401 # Historical Reference |
| 402 |
| 403 Date-ordered list of links about how manifests came to be where they are today:: |
| 404 |
| 405 * https://wiki.mozilla.org/Auto-tools/Projects/UniversalManifest |
| 406 * http://alice.nodelman.net/blog/post/2010/05/ |
| 407 * http://alice.nodelman.net/blog/post/universal-manifest-for-unit-tests-a-propos
al/ |
| 408 * https://elvis314.wordpress.com/2010/07/05/improving-personal-hygiene-by-adjust
ing-mochitests/ |
| 409 * https://elvis314.wordpress.com/2010/07/27/types-of-data-we-care-about-in-a-man
ifest/ |
| 410 * https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=585106 |
| 411 * http://elvis314.wordpress.com/2011/05/20/converting-xpcshell-from-listing-dire
ctories-to-a-manifest/ |
| 412 * https://bugzilla.mozilla.org/show_bug.cgi?id=616999 |
| 413 * https://wiki.mozilla.org/Auto-tools/Projects/ManifestDestiny |
| 414 * https://developer.mozilla.org/en/Writing_xpcshell-based_unit_tests#Adding_your
_tests_to_the_xpcshell_manifest |
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