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|
| +# GYP (Generate Your Projects) User Documentation
|
| +
|
| +Status: Draft (as of 2009-05-19)
|
| +
|
| +Mark Mentovai <mark@chromium.org>,
|
| +Steven Knight <sgk@chromium.org>
|
| +_et al._
|
| +
|
| +Modified: 2009-05-19
|
| +
|
| +[TOC]
|
| +
|
| +## Introduction
|
| +
|
| +This document is intended to provide a user-level guide to GYP. The
|
| +emphasis here is on how to use GYP to accomplish specific tasks, not on
|
| +the complete technical language specification. (For that, see the
|
| +[LanguageSpecification](LanguageSpecification).)
|
| +
|
| +The document below starts with some overviews to provide context: an
|
| +overview of the structure of a `.gyp` file itself, an overview of a
|
| +typical executable-program target in a `.gyp` file, an an overview of a
|
| +typical library target in a `.gyp` file.
|
| +
|
| +After the overviews, there are examples of `gyp` patterns for different
|
| +common use cases.
|
| +
|
| +## Skeleton of a typical Chromium .gyp file
|
| +
|
| +Here is the skeleton of a typical `.gyp` file in the Chromium tree:
|
| +
|
| +```
|
| + {
|
| + 'variables': {
|
| + .
|
| + .
|
| + .
|
| + },
|
| + 'includes': [
|
| + '../build/common.gypi',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'target_defaults': {
|
| + .
|
| + .
|
| + .
|
| + },
|
| + 'targets': [
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'target_1',
|
| + .
|
| + .
|
| + .
|
| + },
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'target_2',
|
| + .
|
| + .
|
| + .
|
| + },
|
| + ],
|
| + 'conditions': [
|
| + ['OS=="linux"', {
|
| + 'targets': [
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'linux_target_3',
|
| + .
|
| + .
|
| + .
|
| + },
|
| + ],
|
| + }],
|
| + ['OS=="win"', {
|
| + 'targets': [
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'windows_target_4',
|
| + .
|
| + .
|
| + .
|
| + },
|
| + ],
|
| + }, { # OS != "win"
|
| + 'targets': [
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'non_windows_target_5',
|
| + .
|
| + .
|
| + .
|
| + },
|
| + }],
|
| + ],
|
| + }
|
| +```
|
| +
|
| +The entire file just contains a Python dictionary. (It's actually JSON,
|
| +with two small Pythonic deviations: comments are introduced with `#`,
|
| +and a `,` (comma)) is legal after the last element in a list or
|
| +dictionary.)
|
| +
|
| +The top-level pieces in the `.gyp` file are as follows:
|
| +
|
| +`'variables'`: Definitions of variables that can be interpolated and
|
| +used in various other parts of the file.
|
| +
|
| +`'includes'`: A list of of other files that will be included in this
|
| +file. By convention, included files have the suffix `.gypi` (gyp
|
| +include).
|
| +
|
| +`'target_defaults'`: Settings that will apply to _all_ of the targets
|
| +defined in this `.gyp` file.
|
| +
|
| +`'targets'`: The list of targets for which this `.gyp` file can
|
| +generate builds. Each target is a dictionary that contains settings
|
| +describing all the information necessary to build the target.
|
| +
|
| +`'conditions'`: A list of condition specifications that can modify the
|
| +contents of the items in the global dictionary defined by this `.gyp`
|
| +file based on the values of different variablwes. As implied by the
|
| +above example, the most common use of a `conditions` section in the
|
| +top-level dictionary is to add platform-specific targets to the
|
| +`targets` list.
|
| +
|
| +## Skeleton of a typical executable target in a .gyp file
|
| +
|
| +The most straightforward target is probably a simple executable program.
|
| +Here is an example `executable` target that demonstrates the features
|
| +that should cover most simple uses of gyp:
|
| +
|
| +```
|
| + {
|
| + 'targets': [
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'foo',
|
| + 'type': 'executable',
|
| + 'msvs_guid': '5ECEC9E5-8F23-47B6-93E0-C3B328B3BE65',
|
| + 'dependencies': [
|
| + 'xyzzy',
|
| + '../bar/bar.gyp:bar',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'defines': [
|
| + 'DEFINE_FOO',
|
| + 'DEFINE_A_VALUE=value',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'include_dirs': [
|
| + '..',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'sources': [
|
| + 'file1.cc',
|
| + 'file2.cc',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'conditions': [
|
| + ['OS=="linux"', {
|
| + 'defines': [
|
| + 'LINUX_DEFINE',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'include_dirs': [
|
| + 'include/linux',
|
| + ],
|
| + }],
|
| + ['OS=="win"', {
|
| + 'defines': [
|
| + 'WINDOWS_SPECIFIC_DEFINE',
|
| + ],
|
| + }, { # OS != "win",
|
| + 'defines': [
|
| + 'NON_WINDOWS_DEFINE',
|
| + ],
|
| + }]
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| + ],
|
| + }
|
| +```
|
| +
|
| +The top-level settings in the target include:
|
| +
|
| +`'target_name'`: The name by which the target should be known, which
|
| +should be unique across all `.gyp` files. This name will be used as the
|
| +project name in the generated Visual Studio solution, as the target name
|
| +in the generated XCode configuration, and as the alias for building this
|
| +target from the command line of the generated SCons configuration.
|
| +
|
| +`'type'`: Set to `executable`, logically enough.
|
| +
|
| +`'msvs_guid'`: THIS IS ONLY TRANSITIONAL. This is a hard-coded GUID
|
| +values that will be used in the generated Visual Studio solution
|
| +file(s). This allows us to check in a `chrome.sln` file that
|
| +interoperates with gyp-generated project files. Once everything in
|
| +Chromium is being generated by gyp, it will no longer be important that
|
| +the GUIDs stay constant across invocations, and we'll likely get rid of
|
| +these settings,
|
| +
|
| +`'dependencies'`: This lists other targets that this target depends on.
|
| +The gyp-generated files will guarantee that the other targets are built
|
| +before this target. Any library targets in the `dependencies` list will
|
| +be linked with this target. The various settings (`defines`,
|
| +`include_dirs`, etc.) listed in the `direct_dependent_settings` sections
|
| +of the targets in this list will be applied to how _this_ target is
|
| +built and linked. See the more complete discussion of
|
| +`direct_dependent_settings`, below.
|
| +
|
| +`'defines'`: The C preprocessor definitions that will be passed in on
|
| +compilation command lines (using `-D` or `/D` options).
|
| +
|
| +`'include_dirs'`: The directories in which included header files live.
|
| +These will be passed in on compilation command lines (using `-I` or `/I`
|
| +options).
|
| +
|
| +`'sources'`: The source files for this target.
|
| +
|
| +`'conditions'`: A block of conditions that will be evaluated to update
|
| +the different settings in the target dictionary.
|
| +
|
| +## Skeleton of a typical library target in a .gyp file
|
| +
|
| +The vast majority of targets are libraries. Here is an example of a
|
| +library target including the additional features that should cover most
|
| +needs of libraries:
|
| +
|
| +```
|
| + {
|
| + 'targets': [
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'foo',
|
| + 'type': '<(library)'
|
| + 'msvs_guid': '5ECEC9E5-8F23-47B6-93E0-C3B328B3BE65',
|
| + 'dependencies': [
|
| + 'xyzzy',
|
| + '../bar/bar.gyp:bar',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'defines': [
|
| + 'DEFINE_FOO',
|
| + 'DEFINE_A_VALUE=value',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'include_dirs': [
|
| + '..',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'direct_dependent_settings': {
|
| + 'defines': [
|
| + 'DEFINE_FOO',
|
| + 'DEFINE_ADDITIONAL',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'linkflags': [
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| + 'export_dependent_settings': [
|
| + '../bar/bar.gyp:bar',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'sources': [
|
| + 'file1.cc',
|
| + 'file2.cc',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'conditions': [
|
| + ['OS=="linux"', {
|
| + 'defines': [
|
| + 'LINUX_DEFINE',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'include_dirs': [
|
| + 'include/linux',
|
| + ],
|
| + ],
|
| + ['OS=="win"', {
|
| + 'defines': [
|
| + 'WINDOWS_SPECIFIC_DEFINE',
|
| + ],
|
| + }, { # OS != "win",
|
| + 'defines': [
|
| + 'NON_WINDOWS_DEFINE',
|
| + ],
|
| + }]
|
| + ],
|
| + ],
|
| + }
|
| +```
|
| +
|
| +The possible entries in a library target are largely the same as those
|
| +that can be specified for an executable target (`defines`,
|
| +`include_dirs`, etc.). The differences include:
|
| +
|
| +`'type'`: This should almost always be set to '<(library)', which allows
|
| +the user to define at gyp time whether libraries are to be built static
|
| +or shared. (On Linux, at least, linking with shared libraries saves
|
| +significant link time.) If it's necessary to pin down the type of
|
| +library to be built, the `type` can be set explicitly to
|
| +`static_library` or `shared_library`.
|
| +
|
| +`'direct_dependent_settings'`: This defines the settings that will be
|
| +applied to other targets that _directly depend_ on this target--that is,
|
| +that list _this_ target in their `'dependencies'` setting. This is
|
| +where you list the `defines`, `include_dirs`, `cflags` and `linkflags`
|
| +that other targets that compile or link against this target need to
|
| +build consistently.
|
| +
|
| +`'export_dependent_settings'`: This lists the targets whose
|
| +`direct_dependent_settings` should be "passed on" to other targets that
|
| +use (depend on) this target. `TODO: expand on this description.`
|
| +
|
| +## Use Cases
|
| +
|
| +These use cases are intended to cover the most common actions performed
|
| +by developers using GYP.
|
| +
|
| +Note that these examples are _not_ fully-functioning, self-contained
|
| +examples (or else they'd be way too long). Each example mostly contains
|
| +just the keywords and settings relevant to the example, with perhaps a
|
| +few extra keywords for context. The intent is to try to show the
|
| +specific pieces you need to pay attention to when doing something.
|
| +[NOTE: if practical use shows that these examples are confusing without
|
| +additional context, please add what's necessary to clarify things.]
|
| +
|
| +### Add new source files
|
| +
|
| +There are similar but slightly different patterns for adding a
|
| +platform-independent source file vs. adding a source file that only
|
| +builds on some of the supported platforms.
|
| +
|
| +#### Add a source file that builds on all platforms
|
| +
|
| +**Simplest possible case**: You are adding a file(s) that builds on all
|
| +platforms.
|
| +
|
| +Just add the file(s) to the `sources` list of the appropriate dictionary
|
| +in the `targets` list:
|
| +
|
| +```
|
| + {
|
| + 'targets': [
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'my_target',
|
| + 'type': 'executable',
|
| + 'sources': [
|
| + '../other/file_1.cc',
|
| + 'new_file.cc',
|
| + 'subdir/file3.cc',
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| +```
|
| +
|
| +File path names are relative to the directory in which the `.gyp` file lives.
|
| +
|
| +Keep the list sorted alphabetically (unless there's a really, really,
|
| +_really_ good reason not to).
|
| +
|
| +#### Add a platform-specific source file
|
| +
|
| +##### Your platform-specific file is named `*_linux.{ext}`, `*_mac.{ext}`, `*_posix.{ext}` or `*_win.{ext}`
|
| +
|
| +The simplest way to add a platform-specific source file, assuming you're
|
| +adding a completely new file and get to name it, is to use one of the
|
| +following standard suffixes:
|
| +
|
| + * `_linux` (e.g. `foo_linux.cc`)
|
| + * `_mac` (e.g. `foo_mac.cc`)
|
| + * `_posix` (e.g. `foo_posix.cc`)
|
| + * `_win` (e.g. `foo_win.cc`)
|
| +
|
| +Simply add the file to the `sources` list of the appropriate dict within
|
| +the `targets` list, like you would any other source file.
|
| +
|
| +```
|
| + {
|
| + 'targets': [
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'foo',
|
| + 'type': 'executable',
|
| + 'sources': [
|
| + 'independent.cc',
|
| + 'specific_win.cc',
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| +```
|
| +
|
| +The Chromium `.gyp` files all have appropriate `conditions` entries to
|
| +filter out the files that aren't appropriate for the current platform.
|
| +In the above example, the `specific_win.cc` file will be removed
|
| +automatically from the source-list on non-Windows builds.
|
| +
|
| +##### Your platform-specific file does not use an already-defined pattern
|
| +
|
| +If your platform-specific file does not contain a
|
| +`*_{linux,mac,posix,win}` substring (or some other pattern that's
|
| +already in the `conditions` for the target), and you can't change the
|
| +file name, there are two patterns that can be used.
|
| +
|
| +**Prefererred**: Add the file to the `sources` list of the appropriate
|
| +dictionary within the `targets` list. Add an appropriate `conditions`
|
| +section to exclude the specific files name:
|
| +
|
| +```
|
| + {
|
| + 'targets': [
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'foo',
|
| + 'type': 'executable',
|
| + 'sources': [
|
| + 'linux_specific.cc',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'conditions': [
|
| + ['OS != "linux"', {
|
| + 'sources!': [
|
| + # Linux-only; exclude on other platforms.
|
| + 'linux_specific.cc',
|
| + ]
|
| + }[,
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| +```
|
| +
|
| +Despite the duplicate listing, the above is generally preferred because
|
| +the `sources` list contains a useful global list of all sources on all
|
| +platforms with consistent sorting on all platforms.
|
| +
|
| +**Non-preferred**: In some situations, however, it might make sense to
|
| +list a platform-specific file only in a `conditions` section that
|
| +specifically _includes_ it in the `sources` list:
|
| +
|
| +```
|
| + {
|
| + 'targets': [
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'foo',
|
| + 'type': 'executable',
|
| + 'sources': [],
|
| + ['OS == "linux"', {
|
| + 'sources': [
|
| + # Only add to sources list on Linux.
|
| + 'linux_specific.cc',
|
| + ]
|
| + }],
|
| + },
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| +```
|
| +
|
| +The above two examples end up generating equivalent builds, with the
|
| +small exception that the `sources` lists will list the files in
|
| +different orders. (The first example defines explicitly where
|
| +`linux_specific.cc` appears in the list--perhaps in in the
|
| +middle--whereas the second example will always tack it on to the end of
|
| +the list.)
|
| +
|
| +**Including or excluding files using patterns**: There are more
|
| +complicated ways to construct a `sources` list based on patterns. See
|
| +`TODO(sgk)` below.
|
| +
|
| +### Add a new executable
|
| +
|
| +An executable program is probably the most straightforward type of
|
| +target, since all it typically needs is a list of source files, some
|
| +compiler/linker settings (probably varied by platform), and some library
|
| +targets on which it depends and which must be used in the final link.
|
| +
|
| +#### Add an executable that builds on all platforms
|
| +
|
| +Add a dictionary defining the new executable target to the `targets`
|
| +list in the appropriate `.gyp` file. Example:
|
| +
|
| +```
|
| + {
|
| + 'targets': [
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'new_unit_tests',
|
| + 'type': 'executable',
|
| + 'defines': [
|
| + 'FOO',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'include_dirs': [
|
| + '..',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'dependencies': [
|
| + 'other_target_in_this_file',
|
| + 'other_gyp2:target_in_other_gyp2',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'sources': [
|
| + 'new_additional_source.cc',
|
| + 'new_unit_tests.cc',
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| + ],
|
| + }
|
| +```
|
| +
|
| +#### Add a platform-specific executable
|
| +
|
| +Add a dictionary defining the new executable target to the `targets`
|
| +list within an appropriate `conditions` block for the platform. The
|
| +`conditions` block should be a sibling to the top-level `targets` list:
|
| +
|
| +```
|
| + {
|
| + 'targets': [
|
| + ],
|
| + 'conditions': [
|
| + ['OS=="win"', {
|
| + 'targets': [
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'new_unit_tests',
|
| + 'type': 'executable',
|
| + 'defines': [
|
| + 'FOO',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'include_dirs': [
|
| + '..',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'dependencies': [
|
| + 'other_target_in_this_file',
|
| + 'other_gyp2:target_in_other_gyp2',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'sources': [
|
| + 'new_additional_source.cc',
|
| + 'new_unit_tests.cc',
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| + ],
|
| + }],
|
| + ],
|
| + }
|
| +```
|
| +
|
| +### Add settings to a target
|
| +
|
| +There are several different types of settings that can be defined for
|
| +any given target.
|
| +
|
| +#### Add new preprocessor definitions (`-D` or `/D` flags)
|
| +
|
| +New preprocessor definitions are added by the `defines` setting:
|
| +
|
| +```
|
| + {
|
| + 'targets': [
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'existing_target',
|
| + 'defines': [
|
| + 'FOO',
|
| + 'BAR=some_value',
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| +```
|
| +
|
| +These may be specified directly in a target's settings, as in the above
|
| +example, or in a `conditions` section.
|
| +
|
| +#### Add a new include directory (`-I` or `/I` flags)
|
| +
|
| +New include directories are added by the `include_dirs` setting:
|
| +
|
| +```
|
| + {
|
| + 'targets': [
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'existing_target',
|
| + 'include_dirs': [
|
| + '..',
|
| + 'include',
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| +```
|
| +
|
| +These may be specified directly in a target's settings, as in the above
|
| +example, or in a `conditions` section.
|
| +
|
| +#### Add new compiler flags
|
| +
|
| +Specific compiler flags can be added with the `cflags` setting:
|
| +
|
| +```
|
| + {
|
| + 'targets': [
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'existing_target',
|
| + 'conditions': [
|
| + ['OS=="win"', {
|
| + 'cflags': [
|
| + '/WX',
|
| + ],
|
| + }, { # OS != "win"
|
| + 'cflags': [
|
| + '-Werror',
|
| + ],
|
| + }],
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| +```
|
| +
|
| +Because these flags will be specific to the actual compiler involved,
|
| +they will almost always be only set within a `conditions` section.
|
| +
|
| +#### Add new linker flags
|
| +
|
| +Setting linker flags is OS-specific. On linux and most non-mac posix
|
| +systems, they can be added with the `ldflags` setting:
|
| +
|
| +```
|
| + {
|
| + 'targets': [
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'existing_target',
|
| + 'conditions': [
|
| + ['OS=="linux"', {
|
| + 'ldflags': [
|
| + '-pthread',
|
| + ],
|
| + }],
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| +```
|
| +
|
| +Because these flags will be specific to the actual linker involved,
|
| +they will almost always be only set within a `conditions` section.
|
| +
|
| +On OS X, linker settings are set via `xcode_settings`, on Windows via
|
| +`msvs_settings`.
|
| +
|
| +#### Exclude settings on a platform
|
| +
|
| +Any given settings keyword (`defines`, `include_dirs`, etc.) has a
|
| +corresponding form with a trailing `!` (exclamation point) to remove
|
| +values from a setting. One useful example of this is to remove the
|
| +Linux `-Werror` flag from the global settings defined in
|
| +`build/common.gypi`:
|
| +
|
| +```
|
| + {
|
| + 'targets': [
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'third_party_target',
|
| + 'conditions': [
|
| + ['OS=="linux"', {
|
| + 'cflags!': [
|
| + '-Werror',
|
| + ],
|
| + }],
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| +```
|
| +
|
| +### Cross-compiling
|
| +
|
| +GYP has some (relatively limited) support for cross-compiling.
|
| +
|
| +If the variable `GYP_CROSSCOMPILE` or one of the toolchain-related
|
| +variables (like `CC_host` or `CC_target`) is set, GYP will think that
|
| +you wish to do a cross-compile.
|
| +
|
| +When cross-compiling, each target can be part of a "host" build, a
|
| +"target" build, or both. By default, the target is assumed to be (only)
|
| +part of the "target" build. The 'toolsets' property can be set on a
|
| +target to change the default.
|
| +
|
| +A target's dependencies are assumed to match the build type (so, if A
|
| +depends on B, by default that means that a target build of A depends on
|
| +a target build of B). You can explicitly depend on targets across
|
| +toolchains by specifying "#host" or "#target" in the dependencies list.
|
| +If GYP is not doing a cross-compile, the "#host" and "#target" will be
|
| +stripped as needed, so nothing breaks.
|
| +
|
| +### Add a new library
|
| +
|
| +TODO: write intro
|
| +
|
| +#### Add a library that builds on all platforms
|
| +
|
| +Add the a dictionary defining the new library target to the `targets`
|
| +list in the appropriate `.gyp` file. Example:
|
| +
|
| +```
|
| + {
|
| + 'targets': [
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'new_library',
|
| + 'type': '<(library)',
|
| + 'defines': [
|
| + 'FOO',
|
| + 'BAR=some_value',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'include_dirs': [
|
| + '..',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'dependencies': [
|
| + 'other_target_in_this_file',
|
| + 'other_gyp2:target_in_other_gyp2',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'direct_dependent_settings': {
|
| + 'include_dirs': '.',
|
| + },
|
| + 'export_dependent_settings': [
|
| + 'other_target_in_this_file',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'sources': [
|
| + 'new_additional_source.cc',
|
| + 'new_library.cc',
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| + ],
|
| + }
|
| +```
|
| +
|
| +The use of the `<(library)` variable above should be the default `type`
|
| +setting for most library targets, as it allows the developer to choose,
|
| +at `gyp` time, whether to build with static or shared libraries.
|
| +(Building with shared libraries saves a _lot_ of link time on Linux.)
|
| +
|
| +It may be necessary to build a specific library as a fixed type. Is so,
|
| +the `type` field can be hard-wired appropriately. For a static library:
|
| +
|
| +```
|
| + 'type': 'static_library',
|
| +```
|
| +
|
| +For a shared library:
|
| +
|
| +```
|
| + 'type': 'shared_library',
|
| +```
|
| +
|
| +#### Add a platform-specific library
|
| +
|
| +Add a dictionary defining the new library target to the `targets` list
|
| +within a `conditions` block that's a sibling to the top-level `targets`
|
| +list:
|
| +
|
| +```
|
| + {
|
| + 'targets': [
|
| + ],
|
| + 'conditions': [
|
| + ['OS=="win"', {
|
| + 'targets': [
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'new_library',
|
| + 'type': '<(library)',
|
| + 'defines': [
|
| + 'FOO',
|
| + 'BAR=some_value',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'include_dirs': [
|
| + '..',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'dependencies': [
|
| + 'other_target_in_this_file',
|
| + 'other_gyp2:target_in_other_gyp2',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'direct_dependent_settings': {
|
| + 'include_dirs': '.',
|
| + },
|
| + 'export_dependent_settings': [
|
| + 'other_target_in_this_file',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'sources': [
|
| + 'new_additional_source.cc',
|
| + 'new_library.cc',
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| + ],
|
| + }],
|
| + ],
|
| + }
|
| +```
|
| +
|
| +### Dependencies between targets
|
| +
|
| +GYP provides useful primitives for establishing dependencies between
|
| +targets, which need to be configured in the following situations.
|
| +
|
| +#### Linking with another library target
|
| +
|
| +```
|
| + {
|
| + 'targets': [
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'foo',
|
| + 'dependencies': [
|
| + 'libbar',
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'libbar',
|
| + 'type': '<(library)',
|
| + 'sources': [
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| + ],
|
| + }
|
| +```
|
| +
|
| +Note that if the library target is in a different `.gyp` file, you have
|
| +to specify the path to other `.gyp` file, relative to this `.gyp` file's
|
| +directory:
|
| +
|
| +```
|
| + {
|
| + 'targets': [
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'foo',
|
| + 'dependencies': [
|
| + '../bar/bar.gyp:libbar',
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| + ],
|
| + }
|
| +```
|
| +
|
| +Adding a library often involves updating multiple `.gyp` files, adding
|
| +the target to the approprate `.gyp` file (possibly a newly-added `.gyp`
|
| +file), and updating targets in the other `.gyp` files that depend on
|
| +(link with) the new library.
|
| +
|
| +#### Compiling with necessary flags for a library target dependency
|
| +
|
| +We need to build a library (often a third-party library) with specific
|
| +preprocessor definitions or command-line flags, and need to ensure that
|
| +targets that depend on the library build with the same settings. This
|
| +situation is handled by a `direct_dependent_settings` block:
|
| +
|
| +```
|
| + {
|
| + 'targets': [
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'foo',
|
| + 'type': 'executable',
|
| + 'dependencies': [
|
| + 'libbar',
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'libbar',
|
| + 'type': '<(library)',
|
| + 'defines': [
|
| + 'LOCAL_DEFINE_FOR_LIBBAR',
|
| + 'DEFINE_TO_USE_LIBBAR',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'include_dirs': [
|
| + '..',
|
| + 'include/libbar',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'direct_dependent_settings': {
|
| + 'defines': [
|
| + 'DEFINE_TO_USE_LIBBAR',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'include_dirs': [
|
| + 'include/libbar',
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| + },
|
| + ],
|
| + }
|
| +```
|
| +
|
| +In the above example, the sources of the `foo` executable will be
|
| +compiled with the options `-DDEFINE_TO_USE_LIBBAR -Iinclude/libbar`,
|
| +because of those settings' being listed in the
|
| +`direct_dependent_settings` block.
|
| +
|
| +Note that these settings will likely need to be replicated in the
|
| +settings for the library target itsef, so that the library will build
|
| +with the same options. This does not prevent the target from defining
|
| +additional options for its "internal" use when compiling its own source
|
| +files. (In the above example, these are the `LOCAL_DEFINE_FOR_LIBBAR`
|
| +define, and the `..` entry in the `include_dirs` list.)
|
| +
|
| +#### When a library depends on an additional library at final link time
|
| +
|
| +```
|
| + {
|
| + 'targets': [
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'foo',
|
| + 'type': 'executable',
|
| + 'dependencies': [
|
| + 'libbar',
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'libbar',
|
| + 'type': '<(library)',
|
| + 'dependencies': [
|
| + 'libother'
|
| + ],
|
| + 'export_dependent_settings': [
|
| + 'libother'
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'libother',
|
| + 'type': '<(library)',
|
| + 'direct_dependent_settings': {
|
| + 'defines': [
|
| + 'DEFINE_FOR_LIBOTHER',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'include_dirs': [
|
| + 'include/libother',
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| + },
|
| + ],
|
| + }
|
| +```
|
| +
|
| +### Support for Mac OS X bundles
|
| +
|
| +gyp supports building bundles on OS X (.app, .framework, .bundle, etc).
|
| +Here is an example of this:
|
| +
|
| +```
|
| + {
|
| + 'target_name': 'test_app',
|
| + 'product_name': 'Test App Gyp',
|
| + 'type': 'executable',
|
| + 'mac_bundle': 1,
|
| + 'sources': [
|
| + 'main.m',
|
| + 'TestAppAppDelegate.h',
|
| + 'TestAppAppDelegate.m',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'mac_bundle_resources': [
|
| + 'TestApp/English.lproj/InfoPlist.strings',
|
| + 'TestApp/English.lproj/MainMenu.xib',
|
| + ],
|
| + 'link_settings': {
|
| + 'libraries': [
|
| + '$(SDKROOT)/System/Library/Frameworks/Cocoa.framework',
|
| + ],
|
| + },
|
| + 'xcode_settings': {
|
| + 'INFOPLIST_FILE': 'TestApp/TestApp-Info.plist',
|
| + },
|
| + },
|
| +```
|
| +
|
| +The `mac_bundle` key tells gyp that this target should be a bundle.
|
| +`executable` targets get extension `.app` by default, `shared_library`
|
| +targets get `.framework` – but you can change the bundle extensions by
|
| +setting `product_extension` if you want. Files listed in
|
| +`mac_bundle_resources` will be copied to the bundle's `Resource` folder
|
| +of the bundle. You can also set
|
| +`process_outputs_as_mac_bundle_resources` to 1 in actions and rules to
|
| +let the output of actions and rules be added to that folder (similar to
|
| +`process_outputs_as_sources`). If `product_name` is not set, the bundle
|
| +will be named after `target_name`as usual.
|
| +
|
| +### Move files (refactoring)
|
| +
|
| +TODO(sgk)
|
| +
|
| +### Custom build steps
|
| +
|
| +TODO(sgk)
|
| +
|
| +#### Adding an explicit build step to generate specific files
|
| +
|
| +TODO(sgk)
|
| +
|
| +#### Adding a rule to handle files with a new suffix
|
| +
|
| +TODO(sgk)
|
| +
|
| +### Build flavors
|
| +
|
| +TODO(sgk)
|
|
|