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| 1 /* |
| 2 * rdjpgcom.c |
| 3 * |
| 4 * Copyright (C) 1994-1997, Thomas G. Lane. |
| 5 * This file is part of the Independent JPEG Group's software. |
| 6 * For conditions of distribution and use, see the accompanying README file. |
| 7 * |
| 8 * This file contains a very simple stand-alone application that displays |
| 9 * the text in COM (comment) markers in a JFIF file. |
| 10 * This may be useful as an example of the minimum logic needed to parse |
| 11 * JPEG markers. |
| 12 */ |
| 13 |
| 14 #define JPEG_CJPEG_DJPEG /* to get the command-line config symbols */ |
| 15 #include "jinclude.h" /* get auto-config symbols, <stdio.h> */ |
| 16 |
| 17 #include <ctype.h> /* to declare isupper(), tolower() */ |
| 18 #ifdef USE_SETMODE |
| 19 #include <fcntl.h> /* to declare setmode()'s parameter macros */ |
| 20 /* If you have setmode() but not <io.h>, just delete this line: */ |
| 21 #include <io.h> /* to declare setmode() */ |
| 22 #endif |
| 23 |
| 24 #ifdef USE_CCOMMAND /* command-line reader for Macintosh */ |
| 25 #ifdef __MWERKS__ |
| 26 #include <SIOUX.h> /* Metrowerks needs this */ |
| 27 #include <console.h> /* ... and this */ |
| 28 #endif |
| 29 #ifdef THINK_C |
| 30 #include <console.h> /* Think declares it here */ |
| 31 #endif |
| 32 #endif |
| 33 |
| 34 #ifdef DONT_USE_B_MODE /* define mode parameters for fopen() */ |
| 35 #define READ_BINARY "r" |
| 36 #else |
| 37 #ifdef VMS /* VMS is very nonstandard */ |
| 38 #define READ_BINARY "rb", "ctx=stm" |
| 39 #else /* standard ANSI-compliant case */ |
| 40 #define READ_BINARY "rb" |
| 41 #endif |
| 42 #endif |
| 43 |
| 44 #ifndef EXIT_FAILURE /* define exit() codes if not provided */ |
| 45 #define EXIT_FAILURE 1 |
| 46 #endif |
| 47 #ifndef EXIT_SUCCESS |
| 48 #ifdef VMS |
| 49 #define EXIT_SUCCESS 1 /* VMS is very nonstandard */ |
| 50 #else |
| 51 #define EXIT_SUCCESS 0 |
| 52 #endif |
| 53 #endif |
| 54 |
| 55 |
| 56 /* |
| 57 * These macros are used to read the input file. |
| 58 * To reuse this code in another application, you might need to change these. |
| 59 */ |
| 60 |
| 61 static FILE * infile; /* input JPEG file */ |
| 62 |
| 63 /* Return next input byte, or EOF if no more */ |
| 64 #define NEXTBYTE() getc(infile) |
| 65 |
| 66 |
| 67 /* Error exit handler */ |
| 68 #define ERREXIT(msg) (fprintf(stderr, "%s\n", msg), exit(EXIT_FAILURE)) |
| 69 |
| 70 |
| 71 /* Read one byte, testing for EOF */ |
| 72 static int |
| 73 read_1_byte (void) |
| 74 { |
| 75 int c; |
| 76 |
| 77 c = NEXTBYTE(); |
| 78 if (c == EOF) |
| 79 ERREXIT("Premature EOF in JPEG file"); |
| 80 return c; |
| 81 } |
| 82 |
| 83 /* Read 2 bytes, convert to unsigned int */ |
| 84 /* All 2-byte quantities in JPEG markers are MSB first */ |
| 85 static unsigned int |
| 86 read_2_bytes (void) |
| 87 { |
| 88 int c1, c2; |
| 89 |
| 90 c1 = NEXTBYTE(); |
| 91 if (c1 == EOF) |
| 92 ERREXIT("Premature EOF in JPEG file"); |
| 93 c2 = NEXTBYTE(); |
| 94 if (c2 == EOF) |
| 95 ERREXIT("Premature EOF in JPEG file"); |
| 96 return (((unsigned int) c1) << 8) + ((unsigned int) c2); |
| 97 } |
| 98 |
| 99 |
| 100 /* |
| 101 * JPEG markers consist of one or more 0xFF bytes, followed by a marker |
| 102 * code byte (which is not an FF). Here are the marker codes of interest |
| 103 * in this program. (See jdmarker.c for a more complete list.) |
| 104 */ |
| 105 |
| 106 #define M_SOF0 0xC0 /* Start Of Frame N */ |
| 107 #define M_SOF1 0xC1 /* N indicates which compression process */ |
| 108 #define M_SOF2 0xC2 /* Only SOF0-SOF2 are now in common use */ |
| 109 #define M_SOF3 0xC3 |
| 110 #define M_SOF5 0xC5 /* NB: codes C4 and CC are NOT SOF markers */ |
| 111 #define M_SOF6 0xC6 |
| 112 #define M_SOF7 0xC7 |
| 113 #define M_SOF9 0xC9 |
| 114 #define M_SOF10 0xCA |
| 115 #define M_SOF11 0xCB |
| 116 #define M_SOF13 0xCD |
| 117 #define M_SOF14 0xCE |
| 118 #define M_SOF15 0xCF |
| 119 #define M_SOI 0xD8 /* Start Of Image (beginning of datastream) */ |
| 120 #define M_EOI 0xD9 /* End Of Image (end of datastream) */ |
| 121 #define M_SOS 0xDA /* Start Of Scan (begins compressed data) */ |
| 122 #define M_APP0 0xE0 /* Application-specific marker, type N */ |
| 123 #define M_APP12 0xEC /* (we don't bother to list all 16 APPn's) */ |
| 124 #define M_COM 0xFE /* COMment */ |
| 125 |
| 126 |
| 127 /* |
| 128 * Find the next JPEG marker and return its marker code. |
| 129 * We expect at least one FF byte, possibly more if the compressor used FFs |
| 130 * to pad the file. |
| 131 * There could also be non-FF garbage between markers. The treatment of such |
| 132 * garbage is unspecified; we choose to skip over it but emit a warning msg. |
| 133 * NB: this routine must not be used after seeing SOS marker, since it will |
| 134 * not deal correctly with FF/00 sequences in the compressed image data... |
| 135 */ |
| 136 |
| 137 static int |
| 138 next_marker (void) |
| 139 { |
| 140 int c; |
| 141 int discarded_bytes = 0; |
| 142 |
| 143 /* Find 0xFF byte; count and skip any non-FFs. */ |
| 144 c = read_1_byte(); |
| 145 while (c != 0xFF) { |
| 146 discarded_bytes++; |
| 147 c = read_1_byte(); |
| 148 } |
| 149 /* Get marker code byte, swallowing any duplicate FF bytes. Extra FFs |
| 150 * are legal as pad bytes, so don't count them in discarded_bytes. |
| 151 */ |
| 152 do { |
| 153 c = read_1_byte(); |
| 154 } while (c == 0xFF); |
| 155 |
| 156 if (discarded_bytes != 0) { |
| 157 fprintf(stderr, "Warning: garbage data found in JPEG file\n"); |
| 158 } |
| 159 |
| 160 return c; |
| 161 } |
| 162 |
| 163 |
| 164 /* |
| 165 * Read the initial marker, which should be SOI. |
| 166 * For a JFIF file, the first two bytes of the file should be literally |
| 167 * 0xFF M_SOI. To be more general, we could use next_marker, but if the |
| 168 * input file weren't actually JPEG at all, next_marker might read the whole |
| 169 * file and then return a misleading error message... |
| 170 */ |
| 171 |
| 172 static int |
| 173 first_marker (void) |
| 174 { |
| 175 int c1, c2; |
| 176 |
| 177 c1 = NEXTBYTE(); |
| 178 c2 = NEXTBYTE(); |
| 179 if (c1 != 0xFF || c2 != M_SOI) |
| 180 ERREXIT("Not a JPEG file"); |
| 181 return c2; |
| 182 } |
| 183 |
| 184 |
| 185 /* |
| 186 * Most types of marker are followed by a variable-length parameter segment. |
| 187 * This routine skips over the parameters for any marker we don't otherwise |
| 188 * want to process. |
| 189 * Note that we MUST skip the parameter segment explicitly in order not to |
| 190 * be fooled by 0xFF bytes that might appear within the parameter segment; |
| 191 * such bytes do NOT introduce new markers. |
| 192 */ |
| 193 |
| 194 static void |
| 195 skip_variable (void) |
| 196 /* Skip over an unknown or uninteresting variable-length marker */ |
| 197 { |
| 198 unsigned int length; |
| 199 |
| 200 /* Get the marker parameter length count */ |
| 201 length = read_2_bytes(); |
| 202 /* Length includes itself, so must be at least 2 */ |
| 203 if (length < 2) |
| 204 ERREXIT("Erroneous JPEG marker length"); |
| 205 length -= 2; |
| 206 /* Skip over the remaining bytes */ |
| 207 while (length > 0) { |
| 208 (void) read_1_byte(); |
| 209 length--; |
| 210 } |
| 211 } |
| 212 |
| 213 |
| 214 /* |
| 215 * Process a COM marker. |
| 216 * We want to print out the marker contents as legible text; |
| 217 * we must guard against non-text junk and varying newline representations. |
| 218 */ |
| 219 |
| 220 static void |
| 221 process_COM (void) |
| 222 { |
| 223 unsigned int length; |
| 224 int ch; |
| 225 int lastch = 0; |
| 226 |
| 227 /* Get the marker parameter length count */ |
| 228 length = read_2_bytes(); |
| 229 /* Length includes itself, so must be at least 2 */ |
| 230 if (length < 2) |
| 231 ERREXIT("Erroneous JPEG marker length"); |
| 232 length -= 2; |
| 233 |
| 234 while (length > 0) { |
| 235 ch = read_1_byte(); |
| 236 /* Emit the character in a readable form. |
| 237 * Nonprintables are converted to \nnn form, |
| 238 * while \ is converted to \\. |
| 239 * Newlines in CR, CR/LF, or LF form will be printed as one newline. |
| 240 */ |
| 241 if (ch == '\r') { |
| 242 printf("\n"); |
| 243 } else if (ch == '\n') { |
| 244 if (lastch != '\r') |
| 245 printf("\n"); |
| 246 } else if (ch == '\\') { |
| 247 printf("\\\\"); |
| 248 } else if (isprint(ch)) { |
| 249 putc(ch, stdout); |
| 250 } else { |
| 251 printf("\\%03o", ch); |
| 252 } |
| 253 lastch = ch; |
| 254 length--; |
| 255 } |
| 256 printf("\n"); |
| 257 } |
| 258 |
| 259 |
| 260 /* |
| 261 * Process a SOFn marker. |
| 262 * This code is only needed if you want to know the image dimensions... |
| 263 */ |
| 264 |
| 265 static void |
| 266 process_SOFn (int marker) |
| 267 { |
| 268 unsigned int length; |
| 269 unsigned int image_height, image_width; |
| 270 int data_precision, num_components; |
| 271 const char * process; |
| 272 int ci; |
| 273 |
| 274 length = read_2_bytes(); /* usual parameter length count */ |
| 275 |
| 276 data_precision = read_1_byte(); |
| 277 image_height = read_2_bytes(); |
| 278 image_width = read_2_bytes(); |
| 279 num_components = read_1_byte(); |
| 280 |
| 281 switch (marker) { |
| 282 case M_SOF0: process = "Baseline"; break; |
| 283 case M_SOF1: process = "Extended sequential"; break; |
| 284 case M_SOF2: process = "Progressive"; break; |
| 285 case M_SOF3: process = "Lossless"; break; |
| 286 case M_SOF5: process = "Differential sequential"; break; |
| 287 case M_SOF6: process = "Differential progressive"; break; |
| 288 case M_SOF7: process = "Differential lossless"; break; |
| 289 case M_SOF9: process = "Extended sequential, arithmetic coding"; break; |
| 290 case M_SOF10: process = "Progressive, arithmetic coding"; break; |
| 291 case M_SOF11: process = "Lossless, arithmetic coding"; break; |
| 292 case M_SOF13: process = "Differential sequential, arithmetic coding"; break; |
| 293 case M_SOF14: process = "Differential progressive, arithmetic coding"; break; |
| 294 case M_SOF15: process = "Differential lossless, arithmetic coding"; break; |
| 295 default: process = "Unknown"; break; |
| 296 } |
| 297 |
| 298 printf("JPEG image is %uw * %uh, %d color components, %d bits per sample\n", |
| 299 image_width, image_height, num_components, data_precision); |
| 300 printf("JPEG process: %s\n", process); |
| 301 |
| 302 if (length != (unsigned int) (8 + num_components * 3)) |
| 303 ERREXIT("Bogus SOF marker length"); |
| 304 |
| 305 for (ci = 0; ci < num_components; ci++) { |
| 306 (void) read_1_byte(); /* Component ID code */ |
| 307 (void) read_1_byte(); /* H, V sampling factors */ |
| 308 (void) read_1_byte(); /* Quantization table number */ |
| 309 } |
| 310 } |
| 311 |
| 312 |
| 313 /* |
| 314 * Parse the marker stream until SOS or EOI is seen; |
| 315 * display any COM markers. |
| 316 * While the companion program wrjpgcom will always insert COM markers before |
| 317 * SOFn, other implementations might not, so we scan to SOS before stopping. |
| 318 * If we were only interested in the image dimensions, we would stop at SOFn. |
| 319 * (Conversely, if we only cared about COM markers, there would be no need |
| 320 * for special code to handle SOFn; we could treat it like other markers.) |
| 321 */ |
| 322 |
| 323 static int |
| 324 scan_JPEG_header (int verbose) |
| 325 { |
| 326 int marker; |
| 327 |
| 328 /* Expect SOI at start of file */ |
| 329 if (first_marker() != M_SOI) |
| 330 ERREXIT("Expected SOI marker first"); |
| 331 |
| 332 /* Scan miscellaneous markers until we reach SOS. */ |
| 333 for (;;) { |
| 334 marker = next_marker(); |
| 335 switch (marker) { |
| 336 /* Note that marker codes 0xC4, 0xC8, 0xCC are not, and must not be, |
| 337 * treated as SOFn. C4 in particular is actually DHT. |
| 338 */ |
| 339 case M_SOF0: /* Baseline */ |
| 340 case M_SOF1: /* Extended sequential, Huffman */ |
| 341 case M_SOF2: /* Progressive, Huffman */ |
| 342 case M_SOF3: /* Lossless, Huffman */ |
| 343 case M_SOF5: /* Differential sequential, Huffman */ |
| 344 case M_SOF6: /* Differential progressive, Huffman */ |
| 345 case M_SOF7: /* Differential lossless, Huffman */ |
| 346 case M_SOF9: /* Extended sequential, arithmetic */ |
| 347 case M_SOF10: /* Progressive, arithmetic */ |
| 348 case M_SOF11: /* Lossless, arithmetic */ |
| 349 case M_SOF13: /* Differential sequential, arithmetic */ |
| 350 case M_SOF14: /* Differential progressive, arithmetic */ |
| 351 case M_SOF15: /* Differential lossless, arithmetic */ |
| 352 if (verbose) |
| 353 process_SOFn(marker); |
| 354 else |
| 355 skip_variable(); |
| 356 break; |
| 357 |
| 358 case M_SOS: /* stop before hitting compressed data */ |
| 359 return marker; |
| 360 |
| 361 case M_EOI: /* in case it's a tables-only JPEG stream */ |
| 362 return marker; |
| 363 |
| 364 case M_COM: |
| 365 process_COM(); |
| 366 break; |
| 367 |
| 368 case M_APP12: |
| 369 /* Some digital camera makers put useful textual information into |
| 370 * APP12 markers, so we print those out too when in -verbose mode. |
| 371 */ |
| 372 if (verbose) { |
| 373 printf("APP12 contains:\n"); |
| 374 process_COM(); |
| 375 } else |
| 376 skip_variable(); |
| 377 break; |
| 378 |
| 379 default: /* Anything else just gets skipped */ |
| 380 skip_variable(); /* we assume it has a parameter count... */ |
| 381 break; |
| 382 } |
| 383 } /* end loop */ |
| 384 } |
| 385 |
| 386 |
| 387 /* Command line parsing code */ |
| 388 |
| 389 static const char * progname; /* program name for error messages */ |
| 390 |
| 391 |
| 392 static void |
| 393 usage (void) |
| 394 /* complain about bad command line */ |
| 395 { |
| 396 fprintf(stderr, "rdjpgcom displays any textual comments in a JPEG file.\n"); |
| 397 |
| 398 fprintf(stderr, "Usage: %s [switches] [inputfile]\n", progname); |
| 399 |
| 400 fprintf(stderr, "Switches (names may be abbreviated):\n"); |
| 401 fprintf(stderr, " -verbose Also display dimensions of JPEG image\n"); |
| 402 |
| 403 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); |
| 404 } |
| 405 |
| 406 |
| 407 static int |
| 408 keymatch (char * arg, const char * keyword, int minchars) |
| 409 /* Case-insensitive matching of (possibly abbreviated) keyword switches. */ |
| 410 /* keyword is the constant keyword (must be lower case already), */ |
| 411 /* minchars is length of minimum legal abbreviation. */ |
| 412 { |
| 413 register int ca, ck; |
| 414 register int nmatched = 0; |
| 415 |
| 416 while ((ca = *arg++) != '\0') { |
| 417 if ((ck = *keyword++) == '\0') |
| 418 return 0; /* arg longer than keyword, no good */ |
| 419 if (isupper(ca)) /* force arg to lcase (assume ck is already) */ |
| 420 ca = tolower(ca); |
| 421 if (ca != ck) |
| 422 return 0; /* no good */ |
| 423 nmatched++; /* count matched characters */ |
| 424 } |
| 425 /* reached end of argument; fail if it's too short for unique abbrev */ |
| 426 if (nmatched < minchars) |
| 427 return 0; |
| 428 return 1; /* A-OK */ |
| 429 } |
| 430 |
| 431 |
| 432 /* |
| 433 * The main program. |
| 434 */ |
| 435 |
| 436 int |
| 437 main (int argc, char **argv) |
| 438 { |
| 439 int argn; |
| 440 char * arg; |
| 441 int verbose = 0; |
| 442 |
| 443 /* On Mac, fetch a command line. */ |
| 444 #ifdef USE_CCOMMAND |
| 445 argc = ccommand(&argv); |
| 446 #endif |
| 447 |
| 448 progname = argv[0]; |
| 449 if (progname == NULL || progname[0] == 0) |
| 450 progname = "rdjpgcom"; /* in case C library doesn't provide it */ |
| 451 |
| 452 /* Parse switches, if any */ |
| 453 for (argn = 1; argn < argc; argn++) { |
| 454 arg = argv[argn]; |
| 455 if (arg[0] != '-') |
| 456 break; /* not switch, must be file name */ |
| 457 arg++; /* advance over '-' */ |
| 458 if (keymatch(arg, "verbose", 1)) { |
| 459 verbose++; |
| 460 } else |
| 461 usage(); |
| 462 } |
| 463 |
| 464 /* Open the input file. */ |
| 465 /* Unix style: expect zero or one file name */ |
| 466 if (argn < argc-1) { |
| 467 fprintf(stderr, "%s: only one input file\n", progname); |
| 468 usage(); |
| 469 } |
| 470 if (argn < argc) { |
| 471 if ((infile = fopen(argv[argn], READ_BINARY)) == NULL) { |
| 472 fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open %s\n", progname, argv[argn]); |
| 473 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); |
| 474 } |
| 475 } else { |
| 476 /* default input file is stdin */ |
| 477 #ifdef USE_SETMODE /* need to hack file mode? */ |
| 478 setmode(fileno(stdin), O_BINARY); |
| 479 #endif |
| 480 #ifdef USE_FDOPEN /* need to re-open in binary mode? */ |
| 481 if ((infile = fdopen(fileno(stdin), READ_BINARY)) == NULL) { |
| 482 fprintf(stderr, "%s: can't open stdin\n", progname); |
| 483 exit(EXIT_FAILURE); |
| 484 } |
| 485 #else |
| 486 infile = stdin; |
| 487 #endif |
| 488 } |
| 489 |
| 490 /* Scan the JPEG headers. */ |
| 491 (void) scan_JPEG_header(verbose); |
| 492 |
| 493 /* All done. */ |
| 494 exit(EXIT_SUCCESS); |
| 495 return 0; /* suppress no-return-value warnings */ |
| 496 } |
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