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+Google C++ Mocking Framework |
+============================ |
+http://code.google.com/p/googlemock/ |
+ |
+Overview |
+-------- |
+Google's framework for writing and using C++ mock classes on Linux, |
+Mac OS X, and Windows. Inspired by jMock, EasyMock, and Hamcrest, and |
+designed with C++'s specifics in mind, it can help you derive better |
+designs of your system and write better tests. |
+ |
+Google Mock: |
+ |
+- provides a declarative syntax for defining mocks, |
+- can easily define partial (hybrid) mocks, which are a cross of real |
+ and mock objects, |
+- handles functions of arbitrary types and overloaded functions, |
+- comes with a rich set of matchers for validating function arguments, |
+- uses an intuitive syntax for controlling the behavior of a mock, |
+- does automatic verification of expectations (no record-and-replay |
+ needed), |
+- allows arbitrary (partial) ordering constraints on |
+ function calls to be expressed, |
+- lets a user extend it by defining new matchers and actions. |
+- does not use exceptions, and |
+- is easy to learn and use. |
+ |
+Please see the project page above for more information as well as mailing lists |
+for questions, discussions, and development. There is also an IRC channel on |
+OFTC (irc.oftc.net) #gtest available. Please join us! |
+ |
+Please note that code under scripts/generator/ is from the cppclean |
+project (http://code.google.com/p/cppclean/) and under the Apache |
+License, which is different from Google Mock's license. |
+ |
+Requirements |
+------------ |
+Google Mock is not a testing framework itself. Instead, it needs a |
+testing framework for writing tests. It works with Google Test |
+(http://code.google.com/p/googletest/) out of the box. You can use |
+either the copy of Google Test that comes with Google Mock, or a |
+compatible version you already have. This version of Google Mock |
+requires Google Test 1.3.0. |
+ |
+You can also easily configure Google Mock to work with another testing |
+framework of your choice; although it will still need Google Test as |
+an internal dependency. Please read |
+http://code.google.com/p/googlemock/wiki/ForDummies#Using_Google_Mock_with_Any_Testing_Framework |
+for how to do it. |
+ |
+Google Mock depends on advanced C++ features and thus requires a more |
+modern compiler. The following are needed to use Google Mock: |
+ |
+### Linux Requirements ### |
+These are the base requirements to build and use Google Mock from a source |
+package (as described below): |
+ * GNU-compatible Make or "gmake" |
+ * POSIX-standard shell |
+ * POSIX(-2) Regular Expressions (regex.h) |
+ * gcc 4.0 or newer, or gcc 3.4 or newer with the tr1 tuple library |
+ (from Boost or other vendors). |
+ |
+Furthermore, if you are building Google Mock from a VCS Checkout (also |
+described below), there are further requirements: |
+ * Automake version 1.9 or newer |
+ * Autoconf version 2.59 or newer |
+ * Libtool / Libtoolize |
+ * Python version 2.3 or newer |
+ |
+### Windows Requirements ### |
+ * Microsoft Visual C++ 8.0 SP1 or newer |
+ * An implementation of the tr1 tuple C++ library (You can get it for |
+ free from http://www.boost.org/. We have verified that version |
+ 1.36.0 works. One caveat is this implementation exposes a bug in |
+ Visual C++'s <type_info> header when exceptions are disabled. |
+ Therefore your project must enable exceptions for this |
+ configuration to work.) |
+ |
+### Mac OS X Requirements ### |
+ * Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger or newer |
+ * Developer Tools Installed |
+ |
+Getting the Source |
+------------------ |
+There are two primary ways of getting Google Mock's source code: you can |
+download a source release in your preferred archive format, or directly check |
+out the source from a Version Control System (VCS, we use Google Code's |
+Subversion hosting). The VCS checkout requires a few extra steps and some extra |
+software packages on your system, but lets you track development, and make |
+patches to contribute much more easily, so we highly encourage it. |
+ |
+### VCS Checkout: ### |
+The first step is to select whether you want to check out the main line of |
+development on Google Mock, or one of the released branches. The former will be |
+much more active and have the latest features, but the latter provides much |
+more stability and predictability. Choose whichever fits your needs best, and |
+proceed with the following Subversion commands: |
+ |
+ svn checkout http://googlemock.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/ gmock-svn |
+ |
+or for a release version X.Y.*'s branch: |
+ |
+ svn checkout http://googlemock.googlecode.com/svn/branches/release-X.Y/ \ |
+ gmock-X.Y-svn |
+ |
+Next you will need to prepare the GNU Autotools build system, if you |
+are using Linux or Mac OS X. Enter the target directory of the |
+checkout command you used ('gmock-svn' or 'gmock-X.Y-svn' above) and |
+proceed with the following command: |
+ |
+ autoreconf -fvi |
+ |
+Once you have completed this step, you are ready to build the library. Note |
+that you should only need to complete this step once. The subsequent `make' |
+invocations will automatically re-generate the bits of the build system that |
+need to be changed. |
+ |
+If your system uses older versions of the autotools, the above command will |
+fail. You may need to explicitly specify a version to use. For instance, if you |
+have both GNU Automake 1.4 and 1.9 installed and `automake' would invoke the |
+1.4, use instead: |
+ |
+ AUTOMAKE=automake-1.9 ACLOCAL=aclocal-1.9 autoreconf -fvi |
+ |
+Make sure you're using the same version of automake and aclocal. |
+ |
+### Source Package: ### |
+Google Mock is also released in source packages which can be downloaded from |
+its Google Code download page[1]. Several different archive formats are |
+provided, but the only difference is the tools needed to extract their |
+contents, and the size of the resulting file. Download whichever you are most |
+comfortable with. |
+ |
+ [1] Google Mock Downloads: http://code.google.com/p/googlemock/downloads/list |
+ |
+Once downloaded expand the archive using whichever tools you prefer for that |
+type. This will always result in a new directory with the name "gmock-X.Y.Z" |
+which contains all of the source code. Here are some examples in Linux: |
+ |
+ tar -xvzf gmock-X.Y.Z.tar.gz |
+ tar -xvjf gmock-X.Y.Z.tar.bz2 |
+ unzip gmock-X.Y.Z.zip |
+ |
+Building the Source |
+------------------- |
+### Linux and Mac OS X (without Xcode) ### |
+There are two primary options for building the source at this point: build it |
+inside the source code tree, or in a separate directory. We recommend building |
+in a separate directory as that tends to produce both more consistent results |
+and be easier to clean up should anything go wrong, but both patterns are |
+supported. The only hard restriction is that while the build directory can be |
+a subdirectory of the source directory, the opposite is not possible and will |
+result in errors. Once you have selected where you wish to build Google Mock, |
+create the directory if necessary, and enter it. The following steps apply for |
+either approach by simply substituting the shell variable SRCDIR with "." for |
+building inside the source directory, and the relative path to the source |
+directory otherwise. |
+ |
+ ${SRCDIR}/configure # Standard GNU configure script, --help for more info |
+ |
+The default behavior of the configure script with respect to locating and using |
+Google Test is to first search for a 'gtest-config' in the system path, and |
+lacking this, build an internal copy of Google Test. You may optionally specify |
+a custom Google Test you wish to build Google Mock against, provided it is |
+a new enough version. |
+ |
+ # Configure against an installation in '/opt' with '/opt/bin/gtest-config'. |
+ ${SRCDIR}/configure --with-gtest=/opt |
+ |
+This can also be used to specify a Google Test which hasn't yet been installed. |
+However, it must have been configured and built as described in the Google Test |
+README before you configure Google Mock. To enable this feature, simply pass |
+the directory where you configured and built Google Test (which is not |
+necessarily its source directory) to Google Mock's configure script. |
+ |
+ # Configure against a build of Google Test in an arbitrary directory. |
+ ${SRCDIR}/configure --with-gtest=../../my_gtest_build |
+ |
+Finally, if you have a version of Google Test installed but for some reason |
+wish to forcibly prevent it from being used, we provide a special option. |
+Typically this is not needed as we fall back to the internal Google Test |
+packaged with Google Mock if an installed version is either unavailable or too |
+old to build Google Mock. When using the internally packaged Google Test, the |
+user does *not* need to configure or build it, that is automatically handled by |
+Google Mock's build system. |
+ |
+ # Force the use of the internally packaged Google Test, despite |
+ # 'gtest-config' being in your PATH. |
+ ${SRCDIR}/configure --disable-external-gtest |
+ |
+Once you have successfully configured Google Mock, the build steps are standard |
+for GNU-style OSS packages. |
+ |
+ make # Standard makefile following GNU conventions |
+ make check # Builds and runs all tests - all should pass |
+ |
+Other programs will only be able to use Google Mock's functionality if you |
+install it in a location which they can access, in Linux this is typically |
+under '/usr/local'. The following command will install all of the Google Mock |
+libraries, public headers, and utilities necessary for other programs and |
+libraries to leverage it. Note that if Google Mock was unable to find an |
+external Google Test to build against, it will also install the internally |
+packaged Google Test in order to allow the installed Google Mock to function |
+properly. This Google Test install will be fully functional, and if installed |
+will also be uninstalled by uninstalling Google Mock. |
+ |
+ sudo make install # Not necessary, but allows use by other programs |
+ |
+Should you need to remove Google Mock from your system after having installed |
+it, run the following command, and it will back out its changes. However, note |
+carefully that you must run this command on the *same* Google Mock build that |
+you ran the install from, or the results are not predictable. If you install |
+Google Mock on your system, and are working from a VCS checkout, make sure you |
+run this *before* updating your checkout of the source in order to uninstall |
+the same version which you installed. |
+ |
+ sudo make uninstall # Must be run against the exact same build as "install" |
+ |
+Your project can build against Google Mock and Google Test simply by leveraging |
+the 'gmock-config' script. This script can be invoked directly out of the |
+'scripts' subdirectory of the build tree, and it will be installed in the |
+binary directory specified during the 'configure'. Here are some examples of |
+its use, see 'gmock-config --help' for more detailed information. |
+ |
+ gmock-config --min-version=1.0 || echo "Insufficient Google Mock version." |
+ |
+ g++ $(gmock-config --cppflags --cxxflags) -o foo.o -c foo.cpp |
+ g++ $(gmock-config --ldflags --libs) -o foo foo.o |
+ |
+ # When using a built but not installed Google Mock: |
+ g++ $(../../my_gmock_build/scripts/gmock-config ...) ... |
+ |
+Note that when building your project against Google Mock, you are building |
+against Google Test as well. There is no need to configure Google Test |
+separately. |
+ |
+### Windows ### |
+The msvc/ directory contains VC++ 2005 projects for building Google |
+Mock and selected tests. In order to build Google Mock you must have |
+an implementation of TR1 tuple. One library that provides such |
+implementation is Boost. If you choose to use Boost, download it from |
+www.boost.org and install it on your system. Note that Boost TR1 tuple |
+is a header-only library, so the installation only involves unpacking |
+it to a suitable location - you don't need to compile it or download a |
+pre-compiled Boost binary. |
+ |
+Since Boost is quite large, you may prefer to only install the files |
+actually needed by Google Mock. If so, you can download TR1 tuple |
+without other parts of Boost from |
+http://code.google.com/p/googlemock/downloads/list. |
+ |
+After that you have two options: either set up Boost globally or |
+modify the Google Mock project to point to your copy of Boost. The |
+former will let all your tests use the same Boost library while the |
+latter will allow each of your projects use its own copy. You can also |
+use a hybrid solution: your project settings will override the |
+system-wide one. |
+ |
+For example, if you unpacked boost v1.36.0 into C:\boost: |
+To set up Boost such that all projects can use it: |
+ * Assuming you are using the Visual Studio 2005 IDE, select Tools | |
+ Options | Projects And Solutions | VC++ Directories. |
+ * In the "Show directories for" drop-down select Include Files. Add |
+ C:\boost\boost_1_36_0\boost\tr1\tr1 and C:\boost\boost_1_36_0 to the |
+ list of directories. |
+ |
+To configure your project to point to that version of Boost, replace |
+the value of the BoostDir user macro with C:\boost\boost_1_36_0 in the |
+msvc/gmock_config.vsprops file. You can use any text editor to edit |
+that file. |
+ |
+If you want to use a version of Google Test other then the one bundled with |
+Google Mock, change the value of the GTestDir macro in gmock_config.vsprop |
+to point to the new location. |
+ |
+After configuring Boost, just open msvc/gmock.sln and build the library and |
+tests. If you want to create your own project to use with Google Mock, you'll |
+have to configure it to use the gmock_config propety sheet. For that: |
+ * Open the Property Manager window (View | Other Windows | Property Manager) |
+ * Right-click on your project and select "Add Existing Property Sheet..." |
+ * Navigate to gmock_config.vsprops and select it. |
+ * In Project Properties | Configuration Properties | General | Additional |
+ Include Directories, type <path to Google Mock>/include. |
+ |
+TODO(wan@google.com): update the .vsprops and .vcproj files such that the |
+last step is unnecessary. |
+ |
+### Using GNU Make ### |
+The make/ directory contains a Makefile that you can use to build |
+Google Mock on systems where GNU make is available (e.g. Linux and Mac |
+OS X). It doesn't try to build Google Mock's own tests. Instead, it |
+just builds the Google Mock libraries and some sample tests. You can |
+use it as a starting point for your own Makefile. |
+ |
+If the default settings are correct for your environment, the |
+following commands should succeed: |
+ |
+ cd ${SRCDIR}/make |
+ make |
+ ./gmock_test |
+ |
+If you see errors, try to tweak the contents of make/Makefile to make |
+them go away. There are instructions in make/Makefile on how to do |
+it. |
+ |
+### Using Your Own Build System ### |
+If none of the build solutions we provide works for you, or if you |
+prefer your own build system, you just need to compile |
+${GTEST_SRCDIR}/src/gtest-all.cc (where GTEST_SRCDIR is the root of |
+the Google Test source tree) and src/gmock-all.cc into a library and |
+link your tests with it. Assuming a Linux-like system and gcc, |
+something like the following will do: |
+ |
+ cd ${SRCDIR} |
+ g++ -I. -I./include -I${GTEST_SRCDIR} -I${GTEST_SRCDIR}/include \ |
+ -c {GTEST_SRCDIR}/src/gtest-all.cc |
+ g++ -I. -I./include -I${GTEST_SRCDIR} -I${GTEST_SRCDIR}/include \ |
+ -c src/gmock-all.cc |
+ ar -rv libgmock.a gtest-all.o gmock-all.o |
+ g++ -I. -I./include -I${GTEST_SRCDIR} -I${GTEST_SRCDIR}/include \ |
+ path/to/your_test.cc libgmock.a -o your_test |
+ |
+On Windows, you'll also need to add the include path for the boost |
+headers to the compiler command line. See |
+http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_36_0/doc/html/boost_tr1/usage.html for |
+how to do it. |
+ |
+Regenerating Source Files |
+------------------------- |
+Some of Google Mock's source files are generated from templates (not |
+in the C++ sense) using a script. A template file is named FOO.pump, |
+where FOO is the name of the file it will generate. For example, the |
+file include/gmock/gmock-generated-actions.h.pump is used to generate |
+gmock-generated-actions.h in the same directory. |
+ |
+Normally you don't need to worry about regenerating the source files, |
+unless you need to modify them (e.g. if you are working on a patch for |
+Google Mock). In that case, you should modify the corresponding .pump |
+files instead and run the 'pump' script (for Pump is Useful for Meta |
+Programming) to regenerate them. We are still working on releasing |
+the script and its documentation. If you need it now, please email |
+googlemock@googlegroups.com such that we know to make it happen |
+sooner. |
+ |
+Happy testing! |