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| +Google C++ Mocking Framework
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| +============================
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| +http://code.google.com/p/googlemock/
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| +
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| +Overview
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| +--------
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| +Google's framework for writing and using C++ mock classes on Linux,
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| +Mac OS X, and Windows. Inspired by jMock, EasyMock, and Hamcrest, and
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| +designed with C++'s specifics in mind, it can help you derive better
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| +designs of your system and write better tests.
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| +
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| +Google Mock:
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| +
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| +- provides a declarative syntax for defining mocks,
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| +- can easily define partial (hybrid) mocks, which are a cross of real
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| + and mock objects,
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| +- handles functions of arbitrary types and overloaded functions,
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| +- comes with a rich set of matchers for validating function arguments,
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| +- uses an intuitive syntax for controlling the behavior of a mock,
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| +- does automatic verification of expectations (no record-and-replay
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| + needed),
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| +- allows arbitrary (partial) ordering constraints on
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| + function calls to be expressed,
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| +- lets a user extend it by defining new matchers and actions.
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| +- does not use exceptions, and
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| +- is easy to learn and use.
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| +
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| +Please see the project page above for more information as well as mailing lists
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| +for questions, discussions, and development. There is also an IRC channel on
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| +OFTC (irc.oftc.net) #gtest available. Please join us!
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| +
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| +Please note that code under scripts/generator/ is from the cppclean
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| +project (http://code.google.com/p/cppclean/) and under the Apache
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| +License, which is different from Google Mock's license.
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| +
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| +Requirements
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| +------------
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| +Google Mock is not a testing framework itself. Instead, it needs a
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| +testing framework for writing tests. It works with Google Test
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| +(http://code.google.com/p/googletest/) out of the box. You can use
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| +either the copy of Google Test that comes with Google Mock, or a
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| +compatible version you already have. This version of Google Mock
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| +requires Google Test 1.3.0.
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| +
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| +You can also easily configure Google Mock to work with another testing
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| +framework of your choice; although it will still need Google Test as
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| +an internal dependency. Please read
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| +http://code.google.com/p/googlemock/wiki/ForDummies#Using_Google_Mock_with_Any_Testing_Framework
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| +for how to do it.
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| +
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| +Google Mock depends on advanced C++ features and thus requires a more
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| +modern compiler. The following are needed to use Google Mock:
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| +
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| +### Linux Requirements ###
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| +These are the base requirements to build and use Google Mock from a source
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| +package (as described below):
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| + * GNU-compatible Make or "gmake"
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| + * POSIX-standard shell
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| + * POSIX(-2) Regular Expressions (regex.h)
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| + * gcc 4.0 or newer, or gcc 3.4 or newer with the tr1 tuple library
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| + (from Boost or other vendors).
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| +
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| +Furthermore, if you are building Google Mock from a VCS Checkout (also
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| +described below), there are further requirements:
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| + * Automake version 1.9 or newer
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| + * Autoconf version 2.59 or newer
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| + * Libtool / Libtoolize
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| + * Python version 2.3 or newer
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| +
|
| +### Windows Requirements ###
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| + * Microsoft Visual C++ 8.0 SP1 or newer
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| + * An implementation of the tr1 tuple C++ library (You can get it for
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| + free from http://www.boost.org/. We have verified that version
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| + 1.36.0 works. One caveat is this implementation exposes a bug in
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| + Visual C++'s <type_info> header when exceptions are disabled.
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| + Therefore your project must enable exceptions for this
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| + configuration to work.)
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| +
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| +### Mac OS X Requirements ###
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| + * Mac OS X 10.4 Tiger or newer
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| + * Developer Tools Installed
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| +
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| +Getting the Source
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| +------------------
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| +There are two primary ways of getting Google Mock's source code: you can
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| +download a source release in your preferred archive format, or directly check
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| +out the source from a Version Control System (VCS, we use Google Code's
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| +Subversion hosting). The VCS checkout requires a few extra steps and some extra
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| +software packages on your system, but lets you track development, and make
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| +patches to contribute much more easily, so we highly encourage it.
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| +
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| +### VCS Checkout: ###
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| +The first step is to select whether you want to check out the main line of
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| +development on Google Mock, or one of the released branches. The former will be
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| +much more active and have the latest features, but the latter provides much
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| +more stability and predictability. Choose whichever fits your needs best, and
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| +proceed with the following Subversion commands:
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| +
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| + svn checkout http://googlemock.googlecode.com/svn/trunk/ gmock-svn
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| +
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| +or for a release version X.Y.*'s branch:
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| +
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| + svn checkout http://googlemock.googlecode.com/svn/branches/release-X.Y/ \
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| + gmock-X.Y-svn
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| +
|
| +Next you will need to prepare the GNU Autotools build system, if you
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| +are using Linux or Mac OS X. Enter the target directory of the
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| +checkout command you used ('gmock-svn' or 'gmock-X.Y-svn' above) and
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| +proceed with the following command:
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| +
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| + autoreconf -fvi
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| +
|
| +Once you have completed this step, you are ready to build the library. Note
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| +that you should only need to complete this step once. The subsequent `make'
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| +invocations will automatically re-generate the bits of the build system that
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| +need to be changed.
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| +
|
| +If your system uses older versions of the autotools, the above command will
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| +fail. You may need to explicitly specify a version to use. For instance, if you
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| +have both GNU Automake 1.4 and 1.9 installed and `automake' would invoke the
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| +1.4, use instead:
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| +
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| + AUTOMAKE=automake-1.9 ACLOCAL=aclocal-1.9 autoreconf -fvi
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| +
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| +Make sure you're using the same version of automake and aclocal.
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| +
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| +### Source Package: ###
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| +Google Mock is also released in source packages which can be downloaded from
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| +its Google Code download page[1]. Several different archive formats are
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| +provided, but the only difference is the tools needed to extract their
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| +contents, and the size of the resulting file. Download whichever you are most
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| +comfortable with.
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| +
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| + [1] Google Mock Downloads: http://code.google.com/p/googlemock/downloads/list
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| +
|
| +Once downloaded expand the archive using whichever tools you prefer for that
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| +type. This will always result in a new directory with the name "gmock-X.Y.Z"
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| +which contains all of the source code. Here are some examples in Linux:
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| +
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| + tar -xvzf gmock-X.Y.Z.tar.gz
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| + tar -xvjf gmock-X.Y.Z.tar.bz2
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| + unzip gmock-X.Y.Z.zip
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| +
|
| +Building the Source
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| +-------------------
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| +### Linux and Mac OS X (without Xcode) ###
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| +There are two primary options for building the source at this point: build it
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| +inside the source code tree, or in a separate directory. We recommend building
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| +in a separate directory as that tends to produce both more consistent results
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| +and be easier to clean up should anything go wrong, but both patterns are
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| +supported. The only hard restriction is that while the build directory can be
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| +a subdirectory of the source directory, the opposite is not possible and will
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| +result in errors. Once you have selected where you wish to build Google Mock,
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| +create the directory if necessary, and enter it. The following steps apply for
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| +either approach by simply substituting the shell variable SRCDIR with "." for
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| +building inside the source directory, and the relative path to the source
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| +directory otherwise.
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| +
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| + ${SRCDIR}/configure # Standard GNU configure script, --help for more info
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| +
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| +The default behavior of the configure script with respect to locating and using
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| +Google Test is to first search for a 'gtest-config' in the system path, and
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| +lacking this, build an internal copy of Google Test. You may optionally specify
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| +a custom Google Test you wish to build Google Mock against, provided it is
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| +a new enough version.
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| +
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| + # Configure against an installation in '/opt' with '/opt/bin/gtest-config'.
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| + ${SRCDIR}/configure --with-gtest=/opt
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| +
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| +This can also be used to specify a Google Test which hasn't yet been installed.
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| +However, it must have been configured and built as described in the Google Test
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| +README before you configure Google Mock. To enable this feature, simply pass
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| +the directory where you configured and built Google Test (which is not
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| +necessarily its source directory) to Google Mock's configure script.
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| +
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| + # Configure against a build of Google Test in an arbitrary directory.
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| + ${SRCDIR}/configure --with-gtest=../../my_gtest_build
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| +
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| +Finally, if you have a version of Google Test installed but for some reason
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| +wish to forcibly prevent it from being used, we provide a special option.
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| +Typically this is not needed as we fall back to the internal Google Test
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| +packaged with Google Mock if an installed version is either unavailable or too
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| +old to build Google Mock. When using the internally packaged Google Test, the
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| +user does *not* need to configure or build it, that is automatically handled by
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| +Google Mock's build system.
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| +
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| + # Force the use of the internally packaged Google Test, despite
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| + # 'gtest-config' being in your PATH.
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| + ${SRCDIR}/configure --disable-external-gtest
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| +
|
| +Once you have successfully configured Google Mock, the build steps are standard
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| +for GNU-style OSS packages.
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| +
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| + make # Standard makefile following GNU conventions
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| + make check # Builds and runs all tests - all should pass
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| +
|
| +Other programs will only be able to use Google Mock's functionality if you
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| +install it in a location which they can access, in Linux this is typically
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| +under '/usr/local'. The following command will install all of the Google Mock
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| +libraries, public headers, and utilities necessary for other programs and
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| +libraries to leverage it. Note that if Google Mock was unable to find an
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| +external Google Test to build against, it will also install the internally
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| +packaged Google Test in order to allow the installed Google Mock to function
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| +properly. This Google Test install will be fully functional, and if installed
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| +will also be uninstalled by uninstalling Google Mock.
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| +
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| + sudo make install # Not necessary, but allows use by other programs
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| +
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| +Should you need to remove Google Mock from your system after having installed
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| +it, run the following command, and it will back out its changes. However, note
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| +carefully that you must run this command on the *same* Google Mock build that
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| +you ran the install from, or the results are not predictable. If you install
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| +Google Mock on your system, and are working from a VCS checkout, make sure you
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| +run this *before* updating your checkout of the source in order to uninstall
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| +the same version which you installed.
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| +
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| + sudo make uninstall # Must be run against the exact same build as "install"
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| +
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| +Your project can build against Google Mock and Google Test simply by leveraging
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| +the 'gmock-config' script. This script can be invoked directly out of the
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| +'scripts' subdirectory of the build tree, and it will be installed in the
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| +binary directory specified during the 'configure'. Here are some examples of
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| +its use, see 'gmock-config --help' for more detailed information.
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| +
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| + gmock-config --min-version=1.0 || echo "Insufficient Google Mock version."
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| +
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| + g++ $(gmock-config --cppflags --cxxflags) -o foo.o -c foo.cpp
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| + g++ $(gmock-config --ldflags --libs) -o foo foo.o
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| +
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| + # When using a built but not installed Google Mock:
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| + g++ $(../../my_gmock_build/scripts/gmock-config ...) ...
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| +
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| +Note that when building your project against Google Mock, you are building
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| +against Google Test as well. There is no need to configure Google Test
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| +separately.
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| +
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| +### Windows ###
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| +The msvc/ directory contains VC++ 2005 projects for building Google
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| +Mock and selected tests. In order to build Google Mock you must have
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| +an implementation of TR1 tuple. One library that provides such
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| +implementation is Boost. If you choose to use Boost, download it from
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| +www.boost.org and install it on your system. Note that Boost TR1 tuple
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| +is a header-only library, so the installation only involves unpacking
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| +it to a suitable location - you don't need to compile it or download a
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| +pre-compiled Boost binary.
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| +
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| +Since Boost is quite large, you may prefer to only install the files
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| +actually needed by Google Mock. If so, you can download TR1 tuple
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| +without other parts of Boost from
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| +http://code.google.com/p/googlemock/downloads/list.
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| +
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| +After that you have two options: either set up Boost globally or
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| +modify the Google Mock project to point to your copy of Boost. The
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| +former will let all your tests use the same Boost library while the
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| +latter will allow each of your projects use its own copy. You can also
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| +use a hybrid solution: your project settings will override the
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| +system-wide one.
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| +
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| +For example, if you unpacked boost v1.36.0 into C:\boost:
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| +To set up Boost such that all projects can use it:
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| + * Assuming you are using the Visual Studio 2005 IDE, select Tools |
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| + Options | Projects And Solutions | VC++ Directories.
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| + * In the "Show directories for" drop-down select Include Files. Add
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| + C:\boost\boost_1_36_0\boost\tr1\tr1 and C:\boost\boost_1_36_0 to the
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| + list of directories.
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| +
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| +To configure your project to point to that version of Boost, replace
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| +the value of the BoostDir user macro with C:\boost\boost_1_36_0 in the
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| +msvc/gmock_config.vsprops file. You can use any text editor to edit
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| +that file.
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| +
|
| +If you want to use a version of Google Test other then the one bundled with
|
| +Google Mock, change the value of the GTestDir macro in gmock_config.vsprop
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| +to point to the new location.
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| +
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| +After configuring Boost, just open msvc/gmock.sln and build the library and
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| +tests. If you want to create your own project to use with Google Mock, you'll
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| +have to configure it to use the gmock_config propety sheet. For that:
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| + * Open the Property Manager window (View | Other Windows | Property Manager)
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| + * Right-click on your project and select "Add Existing Property Sheet..."
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| + * Navigate to gmock_config.vsprops and select it.
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| + * In Project Properties | Configuration Properties | General | Additional
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| + Include Directories, type <path to Google Mock>/include.
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| +
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| +TODO(wan@google.com): update the .vsprops and .vcproj files such that the
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| +last step is unnecessary.
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| +
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| +### Using GNU Make ###
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| +The make/ directory contains a Makefile that you can use to build
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| +Google Mock on systems where GNU make is available (e.g. Linux and Mac
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| +OS X). It doesn't try to build Google Mock's own tests. Instead, it
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| +just builds the Google Mock libraries and some sample tests. You can
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| +use it as a starting point for your own Makefile.
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| +
|
| +If the default settings are correct for your environment, the
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| +following commands should succeed:
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| +
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| + cd ${SRCDIR}/make
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| + make
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| + ./gmock_test
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| +
|
| +If you see errors, try to tweak the contents of make/Makefile to make
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| +them go away. There are instructions in make/Makefile on how to do
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| +it.
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| +
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| +### Using Your Own Build System ###
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| +If none of the build solutions we provide works for you, or if you
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| +prefer your own build system, you just need to compile
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| +${GTEST_SRCDIR}/src/gtest-all.cc (where GTEST_SRCDIR is the root of
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| +the Google Test source tree) and src/gmock-all.cc into a library and
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| +link your tests with it. Assuming a Linux-like system and gcc,
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| +something like the following will do:
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| +
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| + cd ${SRCDIR}
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| + g++ -I. -I./include -I${GTEST_SRCDIR} -I${GTEST_SRCDIR}/include \
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| + -c {GTEST_SRCDIR}/src/gtest-all.cc
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| + g++ -I. -I./include -I${GTEST_SRCDIR} -I${GTEST_SRCDIR}/include \
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| + -c src/gmock-all.cc
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| + ar -rv libgmock.a gtest-all.o gmock-all.o
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| + g++ -I. -I./include -I${GTEST_SRCDIR} -I${GTEST_SRCDIR}/include \
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| + path/to/your_test.cc libgmock.a -o your_test
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| +
|
| +On Windows, you'll also need to add the include path for the boost
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| +headers to the compiler command line. See
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| +http://www.boost.org/doc/libs/1_36_0/doc/html/boost_tr1/usage.html for
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| +how to do it.
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| +
|
| +Regenerating Source Files
|
| +-------------------------
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| +Some of Google Mock's source files are generated from templates (not
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| +in the C++ sense) using a script. A template file is named FOO.pump,
|
| +where FOO is the name of the file it will generate. For example, the
|
| +file include/gmock/gmock-generated-actions.h.pump is used to generate
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| +gmock-generated-actions.h in the same directory.
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| +
|
| +Normally you don't need to worry about regenerating the source files,
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| +unless you need to modify them (e.g. if you are working on a patch for
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| +Google Mock). In that case, you should modify the corresponding .pump
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| +files instead and run the 'pump' script (for Pump is Useful for Meta
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| +Programming) to regenerate them. We are still working on releasing
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| +the script and its documentation. If you need it now, please email
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| +googlemock@googlegroups.com such that we know to make it happen
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| +sooner.
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| +
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| +Happy testing!
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|
|