Fix resolution of type parameters in static context, and the use of type parameters in closures.

tests/language/type_parameter_test.dart

+// Copyright (c) 2012, the Dart project authors.  Please see the AUTHORS file
+// for details. All rights reserved. Use of this source code is governed by a
+// BSD-style license that can be found in the LICENSE file.
+
+class A<T> {
+  Function closure;
+  A._(this.closure);
+
+  factory A() {
+    return new A._(() => new Set<T>());
+  }
+
+  A.bar() {
+    closure = () => new Set<T>();
+  }
+
+  static
+  T /// 01: static type warning, dynamic type error
+  staticMethod(
+  T /// 02: static type warning, dynamic type error
+  a) {
+    final
+    T /// 03: static type warning, dynamic type error
+    a = null;
+    print(a);
+  }
+
+  static final
+  T /// 04: static type warning, dynamic type error
+  staticField = null;
+}
+
+main() {
+  var s = ((new A()).closure)();
+  Expect.isTrue(s is Set);
+
+  s = ((new A.bar()).closure)();
+  Expect.isTrue(s is Set);
+
+  s = ((new A<int>()).closure)();
+  Expect.isTrue(s is Set<int>);
+  Expect.isFalse(s is Set<double>);
+
+  s = ((new A<int>.bar()).closure)();
+  Expect.isTrue(s is Set<int>);
+  Expect.isFalse(s is Set<double>);
+
+  A.staticMethod(null);
+  print(A.staticField);
+}